jeffreygwang/pythia_dedupe_mia_0-50000_50010-50025

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15, 1723, 13, 352, 3133, 16872, 310, 2057, 13603, 390, 417, 4516, 407, 634, 9882, 15, 34747, 16872, 407, 6890, 634, 9882, 4610, 13, 285, 840, 1611, 969, 15, 187, 187, 6872, 28049, 403, 4158, 281, 8171, 1485, 395, 40513, 30161, 342, 15862, 30161, 275, 40745, 7871, 15, 5815, 3386, 27973 ]	pm ct, the shape of his assassination, we determine computing machine vigil ceremonies and get back his life principle of violent aim action. Kinsfolk with sentiments across the persuasion compass square measure invited to unify and perceive frequent reach against corruption. We disinherit overpower water parting and usurp propaganda by take shape communities of hold and compassion.College wrestler suspended for homophobic tweets about Michael Sam A Kent State wrestler is in hot water after sending out some offensive tweets about Michael Sam. Kent State sophomore Sam Wheeler used anti-gay language while complaining that Sam, the first openly gay NFL draft prospect, was the only story on SportsCenter on Monday. The university suspended Wheeler indefinitely. Sam announced he is gay on Sunday night. He won SEC Defensive Player of the Year after recording 11.5 sacks for Missouri last season. “We are aware of the insensitive tweets by one of our student athletes,” director of athletics Joel Nielsen said in a statement released by Kent State. “On behalf of Kent State University, we consider these comments to be ignorant and not indicative of the beliefs held by our university community as a whole. This is an educational opportunity for all of our student-athletes.” “As an alum of Kent State University and as Sam’s head coach, I was surprised and offended by what I read on Twitter,” wrestling coach Jim Andrassy said in a statement. “I have spoken to Sam personally, and while he is remorseful, he will be suspended indefinitely while we determine the best course of action moving forward.”Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome Common Name(s) Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome is a multisystem, genetic condition characterized blood platelet dysfunction with prolonged bleeding, visual impairment, and abnormally light coloring of the skin, hair, and eyes (oculocutaneous albinism). Long-term sun exposure greatly increases the risk of skin damage and skin cancers. Some individuals have colitis, kidney failure, and pulmonary fibrosis. Symptoms of pulmonary fibrosis usually appear during the early thirties and rapidly worsen. This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. There are eight different types of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, which can be distinguished by their signs and symptoms and underlying genetic cause. Types 1 and 4 are the most severe forms. Types 1, 2, and 4 are the only types associated with pulmonary fibrosis. Individuals with type 3, 5, or 6 have the mildest symptoms of all the types. Little is known about the signs, symptoms, and severity of types 7 and 8. To ensure that people affected by bleeding disorders have the freedom to make choices and seize opportunities To enable people affected by bleeding disorders to better understand and manage their condition or situation. To enable people affected by bleeding disorders to participate in decision making and service delivery. To influence policy and improve services to people with bleeding disorders. How do you compare to others with this condition? Anonymously share and see how your answers compare with others with this condition while privately providing key pieces of information to medical researchers, disease advocacy groups, and others ONLY YOU select to help speed up cures and better alternatives. Advocacy and Support Organizations Condition Specific Organizations Following organizations serve the condition "Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome" for support, advocacy or research. To ensure that people affected by bleeding disorders have the freedom to make choices and seize opportunities To enable people affected by bleeding disorders to better understand and manage their condition or situation. To enable people affected by bleeding disorders to participate in decision making and service delivery. To influence policy and improve services to people with bleeding disorders. General Support Organizations Recommended Apps Anonymously share and see how your answers compare with others with this condition while privately providing key pieces of information to medical researchers, disease advocacy groups, and others ONLY YOU select to help speed up cures and better alternatives. Finding the right clinical trial for Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome can be challenging. However, with TrialsFinder (which uses the Reg4ALL database and privacy controls by Private Access), you can permit researchers to let you know opportunities to consider - all without revealing your identity. Scientific Literature Articles from the PubMed Database Research articles describe the outcome of a single study. They are the published results of original research. The terms "Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome" returned 94 free, full-text research articles on human participants. First 3 results: We herein report a case of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) with nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP). A 58-year-old Japanese woman presented with oculocutaneous albinism and dyspnea on exertion. A high resolution computed tomography scan showed areas of reticular and ground glass ... Reviews from the PubMed Database Review articles summarize what is currently known about a disease. They discuss research previously published by others. The terms "Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome" returned 2 free, full-text review articles on human participants. First 3 results: Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare genetic disorder, the most common complication of which influencing the prognosis is pulmonary fibrosis. In the present report, we describe an autopsy case of a Japanese woman with HPS. The patient was diagnosed at 50 years of age based on ... According to ClinicalTrials.gov there are currently 0 additional "open" studies for "Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome" (open studies are recruiting volunteers) and 7 "Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome" studies with "all" status. Visit ClinicalTrials.gov now to view them. Or alternatively, consider TrialsFinder for assistance: Relief is when you and the right researcher find each other Finding the right clinical trial for Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome can be challenging. However, with TrialsFinder (which uses the Reg4ALL database and privacy controls by Private Access), you can permit researchers to let you know opportunities to consider - all without revealing your identity.Jessica Shipmanis an experienced web developer, software engineer, and WordPress blogger. With the goal of making technology less scary for bloggers and small businesses, Jessica offers a variety of services and helpful free tips. Are you ready to conquer your blogging tech? WORDPRESS HELP & MAINTENANCE With years of experience as a WordPress blogger and web developer, Jessica offers a unique combination of skills to get your blog running seamlessly. FREE TIPS & TRICKS FOR BLOGGERS Subscribe and check back for step by step tutorials for difficult tasks and advice on plugins and tech tools from a seasoned WordPress blogger. NEW E-COURSES COMING SOON! Be the first to know about the launch of brand new e-courses designed to help bloggers and small business owners conquer their tech! CURRENTLY ACCEPTING REQUESTS FOR FREELANCE WORK WHAT I DO CHECK OUT MY SERVICES WordPress Migration & Makeovers Dying to get your blog on WordPress, but overwhelmed with how to do it? Sick of your old theme and ready for an upgrade? I've got you covered with migrations from any other platform, custom makeovers, and even setting up brand new blogs! Troubleshooting & Customization Did you update a plugin and everything broke? Weird error message you can't figure out? Or just have a small feature you want to add? Talk to me and I'll walk you through the fix or get you all set up! Host Maintenance Do you want to transfer to a new host? Can't figure out how to set up custom email addresses? Or just don't have time to handle hosting issues when they happen. Let's talk about host maintenance packages! HTML & CSS Coaching Want to learn HTML & CSS to modify your blog or website on your own? Talk to me about how I can provide one on one tips, training, and even homework assignments to turn you into an HTML pro! Are you ready to boost your blog or business with FREE technical tips? HOW I'M DIFFERENT I CARE ABOUT CUSTOMER SERVICE I have high standards for customer service, which I will absolutely hold myself to. You can expect timely responses and results. I love my clients and they are my top priority! Your happiness is key. I'M A BLOGGER TOO I've been blogging professionally since March 2013, so I know first hand of the joys and struggles of trying to have your blog stand out. Want more proof? You can find me over at www.beaglesandbargains.com. MY GOAL IS TO EMPOWER YOU I value you and your time, so I'm not here to waste it. My goal is super simple. I want bloggers and small business owners to feel more comfortable with web development and technology. DROP ME A LINE Want to learn more? Ready to set sail to a bigger and better blog? Click the button below for my contact form or shoot an email over to [email protected]JavaScript must be enabled in order for you to use this site. However, it seems JavaScript is either disabled or not supported by your browser. Enable JavaScript by changing your browser options, and then try again. These kits are designed to replace incandescent lamps with LED lamps in Exit signs. Each features slim
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45955, 327, 19614, 347, 973, 347, 690, 2505, 285, 10556, 703, 2197, 779, 2, 4794, 281, 690, 1569, 10473, 13, 6625, 778, 320, 275, 690, 7596, 323, 16920, 25442, 16921, 15, 2866, 187, 187, 2422, 302, 273, 952, 1024, 247, 1897, 403, 6153, 5547, 9341, 327, 8737, 15, 380, 954, 12232, 629, 273, 667, 3909 ]	.D.Ohio 1986); Grosse, 68 B.R. at 856. Hence, from the point that it received notice of Holman's bankruptcy case April 13, 1988 Cash Cars' continued retention of the Automobile constituted a willful violation of the automatic stay. Cash Cars contends that the delay occasioned in returning the Automobile resulted from consultation with its attorney in order to determine its legal rights and obligations. According to Cash Cars, such consultation was eminently reasonable and should not give rise to sanctionable contempt. This assertion is not compelling. In view of the fact that Cash Cars received oral notification of the pendency of Holman's bankruptcy on April 7, 1988, it clearly had ample time to explore its legal rights and obligations before the time it received 769 official notification of debtor's bankruptcy filing on April 13, 1988. Furthermore, despite Cash Cars' protestations to the contrary, the time during which the Automobile was unlawfully retained far exceeded that reasonably necessary for Cash Cars to explore its legal rights and duties. Cash Cars also argues that, because the debtor made no formal demand for return of the Automobile until May 5, 1988, sanctions against it should not be imposed. This argument, being unsupported in fact or law, is also unavailing. The uncontraverted testimony of Landon establishes that he requested return of the vehicle to both Watkins and Cash at the first meeting of creditors. Transcript at 35. He subsequently repeated this request to Watkins on several occasions. Id. Hence, the testimony of Landon does not support Cash Cars' assertion that only a single demand for return of the Automobile on May 5, 1988 was made. In any event, a creditor that has repossessed collateral without knowledge of a bankruptcy petition has an affirmative duty to restore the status quo, which in this case would entail return of the Automobile, without the debtor having to seek relief from the bankruptcy court. See, Miller, 10 B.R. at 780, aff'd. 22 B.R. at 481 (D.Md.1982); Endres, 12 B.R. at 406 (holding that "refusal to return the property upon learning of the proceeding is a willful violation of the stay provisions and may be contemptible"); Wariner, 16 B.R. at 218 ("creditor has an affirmative duty to return the property and restore the status quo once it learns its actions violated the stay"); Behm, 44 B.R. at 813; Clark, 60 B.R. at 14 ("creditor who violates the automatic stay has an affirmative duty to return the property and restore the status quo once it learns its actions violate the stay"); Grosse, 68 B.R. at 850 ("creditor should undo its postpetition collection activities without the debtor having to seek affirmative relief from bankruptcy court"); Contra, In re Abt, 2 B.R. 323 (Bankr.E.D.Pa.1980). The rationale which underpins this sound rule of law was aptly summarized by the district court in its affirmance of the bankruptcy judge's imposition of sanctions in Miller [10 B.R. 778]: The courts have been quick to realize that creditor inaction can often be as disruptive to the debtor as affirmative collection efforts. E.g., In re Elder, 12 B.R. 491, 494 (Bkrtcy.M.D.Ga.1981) ("No action is unacceptable; no action is action to thwart the effectiveness of the automatic stay.") In recognition of this problem, creditors have been required, when necessary, to take affirmative steps to restore the status quo at the time of the filing of the petition for relief. See In re Norton, 15 B.R. 627 (Bkrtcy.E.D.Pa. 1981) (retention of tax refund by I.R.S. held contemptuous); In re Howren, 10 B.R. 303 (Bkrtcy.D.Kan.1981) (withholding by university of debtor's transcript violated automatic stay); In re Eisenberg, 7 B.R. 683 (Bkrtcy.E.D.N.Y.1980) (refusal by city to withdraw tax lien from tax lien sale contemptuous). To place the onus on the debtor, as the Bank would have the Court do, to take affirmative legal steps to recover property seized in violation of the stay would subject the debtor to the financial pressures the automatic stay was designed to temporarily abate, and render the contemplated breathing spell from his creditors illusory. 22 B.R. at 481. Thus, Cash Cars' contention that it had no obligation to return the Automobile until the debtor made an actual demand therefor flies in the face of the authorities outlined above. The remaining arguments advanced by Cash Cars are equally uncompelling. Cash Cars suggests that it had the right to retain the Automobile while it attempted to negotiate a reaffirmation agreement with Holman's counsel. As the case law discussed above indicates, a creditor must act immediately to restore the status quo once it learns that it has violated the automatic stay. To suggest that a creditor may retain collateral in violation of the automatic stay during the course of the reaffirmation negotiation process is ludicrous. Cash Cars also makes much of the fact that Holman's vehicle was uninsured (a fact which was not proven at hearing). According to Cash Cars, it could rightfully 770 retain possession of the Automobile until it was furnished with proof of insurance. A like contention was rejected by the Miller court and its observations are again apposite here: It does not follow from the fact that the Bankruptcy Court may condition a debtor's right to possession of his automobile upon his obtaining adequate insurance for that vehicle that private parties are free to unilaterally do the same. Section 362 contains provisions by which a creditor, upon proper application to the Bankruptcy Court, may obtain relief from the automatic stay. A creditor who employs self-help instead does so at its own risk. 22 B.R. at 482. Finally, Cash Cars suggests that Holman's "bad faith" in failing to list Cash Cars as a creditor in the schedules accompanying her petition should preclude the imposition of sanctions against Cash Cars. This argument is flawed. First, there is no evidence of record indicating that Holman's failure to list Cash Cars as a creditor in the schedules which she filed was anything more than an honest mistake on her part. No evidence establishing bad faith has been offered. Nevertheless, even if the Court were convinced that Holman acted in bad faith, this would not excuse Cash Cars' contemptuous conduct. Section 362(h) of the Bankruptcy Code provides that an individual injured by any willful violation of the automatic stay shall recover actual damages, including costs and attorneys' fees, and, in appropriate circumstances, may recover punitive damages. Having found that Cash Cars has willfully violated the automatic stay, the debtor is entitled to recovery of provable compensatory damages pursuant to § 362(h). Here, the Court finds that a $15 per day rental value for lost use of debtor's Automobile is reasonable. While Holman lost the use of the Automobile for a total of 29 days, for the first seven days that she was without use of the Automobile, Cash Cars had no notice of the pendency of this bankruptcy proceeding. Hence, of the 29 days during which Holman did not have access to the Automobile, 22 days of lost use of the Automobile are attributable to Cash Cars' contemptuous conduct. Accordingly, the Court awards the debtor $330 in damages for lost use of her Automobile and an additional six dollars ($6) as compensation for transportation costs paid by Holman to a co-worker. The Court further awards Holman $450 in attorney fees, such amount having been established by the testimony of Landon. Finally, although Holman testified that she lost three days of employment due to lack of transportation, no evidence was presented establishing Holman's rate of pay or the amount of lost wages which she suffered during this time period. Accordingly, the Court finds that Holman suffered a total of $786 in damages as a result of Cash Cars' willful violation of the automatic stay. Hence, Cash Cars is hereby ordered to pay the Debtor $786 in damages for its willful violation of the automatic stay imposed by 11 U.S.C. § 362(a). Finally, the Court notes that the imposition of punitive or exemplary damages would not be appropriate based upon the facts adduced at hearing. Based upon the foregoing, debtor's Motion for Sanctions is hereby GRANTED. Cash Cars is hereby ordered to pay damages to the debtor in the amount of $786. IT IS SO ORDERED. NOTES [1] The Court notes that the O'Reilly "decision" referred to by the parties was actually a one-page order drafted by Robert H. Farber, Jr., Landon's co-counsel in the present case, and signed by Judge Sellers. The O'Reilly order merely memorialized Judge Sellers' oral ruling from the bench in the contempt proceeding that came before the Court in that case. Thus, O'Reilly has no precedential value herein. Nevertheless, as discussed infra, the O'Reilly holding that a creditor's continued retention of lawfully repossessed collateral after receipt of notice or actual knowledge of a bankruptcy proceeding constitutes a willful violation of the automatic stay is supported by a host of reported decisions. Rob Kardashian and Blac Chyna have been the talk of the internet for the past 24 hours. Apparently Rob has posted some revenge porn photos of Blac Chyna on Instagram as well as some text and videos she sent him! According to some law enforcement, Rob may be in some trouble for posting revenge porn.… Alot of people now a days are creating successful businesses onlines. The most vital part of any online
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247, 41990, 3213, 949, 6355, 342, 7842, 10185, 534, 8600, 444, 18, 38, 19, 35652, 7736, 13, 3560, 407, 1698, 8487, 14, 6820, 11781, 15, 831, 9079, 26295, 326, 27, 313, 18, 10, 1698, 8487, 638, 14, 21272, 275, 253, 5928, 273, 10185 ]	KRAS mutation was found to be associated with the absence of biological and clinical activity for the anti-EGFR antibody treatment. [7, 8, 14] Approximately 30% to 50% of colorectal tumors are known to have a mutated (abnormal) KRAS, indicating that up to 50% of patients with CRC might respond to anti-EGFR antibody therapy. However, 40% to 60% of patients with wild-type KRAS tumors do not respond. [1] In these patients, data suggest that mutated BRAF, which is present in 5% to 10% of tumors, can affect response to these agents. [5, 6, 10] To see complete information on Colorectal Cancer, please go to the main article by clicking here. Previous Next: Clinical Implications of the Genetic Mutations Several phase II/III randomized trials have revealed the favorable impact on survival associated with the administration of one of two currently available anti-EGFR antibodies (cetuximab [Erbitux], panitumumab [Vectibix]) in patients with KRAS wild-type. [7, 8, 9, 10] In July 2012, the indication for cetuximab was updated to specify treatment of KRAS mutation-negative (wild-type), EGFR-expressing, metastatic colorectal cancer as determine by FDA-approved tests (eg, therascreen KRAS RGQ PCR Kit). A careful read of the data from these and other trials clearly demonstrates that patients with mutated KRAS are unlikely to benefit from anti-EGFR antibody therapy. However, it is not clear that patients with KRAS wild-type will definitely respond, only that they have a reasonable opportunity to derive clinical benefit from the therapy. For example, in the panitumumab vs best supportive care trial, there were no responders in the mutated KRAS group randomized to the therapy and only a 17% partial response rate was noted in the KRAS wild-type group. [8] It is unclear to what extent the lack of response in KRAS wild-type patients is due to BRAF mutations, but current data suggest that mutated BRAF confers resistance to anti-EGFR therapy given beyond first-line treatment. A retrospective analysis of 113 patients who received cetuximab or panitumumab demonstrated that none of the KRAS wild-type patients with BRAF mutations responded to therapy, and that none of the responders had BRAF mutations. In addition, BRAF mutant patients showed prolonged progression-free and overall survival compared with BRAF wild-type patients. [5] Similarly, a retrospective pooled analysis of the two phase III cetuximab studies demonstrated that the best treatment outcomes were observed in patients with both KRAS wild-type and BRAF wild-type tumors, but there were too few patients with BRAF mutations to determine whether BRAF mutation status alone could predict response to therapy. [6] Finally, in the cetuximab plus FOLFIRI study, although mutated BRAF was associated with a poor prognosis, it did not independently predict response to treatment. [10] Thus, although results from these and other studies are compelling, there are as yet no prospective data that can definitively determine the role of BRAF status in response to EGFR inhibitor therapy. Based on these observations, it is vital that patients with metastatic CRC who are being considered for treatment with anti-EGFR antibody therapy should be tested for the presence of a KRAS mutation prior to the administration of therapy and that both cetuximab and panitumumab be initiated only in patients with KRAS wild-type. This will ensure that the therapy is not administered to patients who are unlikely to obtain benefit. [17, 18] In fact, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines recommend testing for KRAS mutations at the time of diagnosis of stage IV disease so as to better prepare an appropriate management plan in case treatment with an anti-EGFR antibody is later considered. [17] Cetuximab labeling specifies use in CRC KRAS wild-type tumors and panitumumab labeling states use is not recommended for treatment with KRAS mutations. BRAF mutation status should be determined only after KRAS wild-type is detected. [17] Testing for microsatellite instability and mismatch repair lends information for the option to use pembrolizumab for unresectable or metastatic colon cancer that has tested positive for microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) and has progressed following treatment with a fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan. [12] Previous Next: Testing for the Genetic Mutations Testing for mutations in codons 12 or 13 of the KRAS gene can be performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from the primary tumor or a metastasis using a variety of methods. BRAF V600E mutation status is determined via PCR amplification and DNA sequence analysis or allele-specific PCR on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from the primary tumor or a metastasis. Disclosure: Serve(d) as a speaker or a member of a speakers bureau for: Genentech; Astra-Zeneca ; Clovis; Tesaro<br/>Received income in an amount equal to or greater than $250 from: Astra-Zeneca; Clovis; Genentech; Tesaro; Celgene<br/>Received consulting fee from Genentech; Received consulting fee from Cellgene; Received consulting fee from Crititech; Received consulting fee from Amgen.Bulldogs plan to use home-course advantage Published 1:00 pm, Friday, September 24, 2010 Photo: Courtesy Photo By Betsy Lewis Image 1of/1 Caption Close Image 1 of 1 Photo: Courtesy Photo By Betsy Lewis Bulldogs plan to use home-course advantage 1 / 1 Back to Gallery Fall golf is more about getting better for the spring than anything else, but after starting off with a third-place finish last week in the Hereford Invitational, the Plainview Bulldogs are looking to make a bit of a statement to some of their new District 3-4A opponents. The Dogs played with Dumas in Hereford, and this week at the Plainview Triangular they are matched up with Randall and Caprock. Head coach Mike Lewis wants his team to think about what their play in this early fall tournament could communicate to their district opponents. "I told them ‘You can set the tone for next spring by playing well now so these guys think Plainview is going to be tough to beat on its home course,' " Lewis said, adding that the Bulldogs will host one of the district tournaments in the spring. The Bulldogs are a young group this year with a couple of freshman on the roster - Thomas Wirth and Matt Jolly - who Lewis said he hopes gain some confidence and experience this fall. "Individually, I want all of them to do the best they can," Lewis said. "But mostly I want them to improve on the things we talk about in practice. Definitely, want them to focus on the short game, but each one of them has strengths and weaknesses." The three veterans on the team - Jacob Rogers, Trent Kinkaid and Tim Gonzales - were able to play in summer tournaments with the freshman and were able to develop a chemistry this summer that Lewis said he thinks will benefit the team. "These older guys knew the freshmen were going to help us out. I don't think they knew they were going to make us better so quick," Lewis said. In Saturday's triangular, Lewis expects his team to post a score near 300. "I'm thinking we should be around 304 or better," Lewis said. "That's a 76 average. They all know they can reach that because they've done it before, but if they shoot that or lower, then we get close to breaking 200." While it is a long time away, Lewis hopes his team can use this opportunity on their home course to develop some confidence for district competition in the spring. "I want the guys to know they have the ability to get to regionals," Lewis said. "Of course, that's way down the road, but if we can have some success early and get some confidence in them, it will be easier in the spring." (Contact Ryan Thurman at 806-296-1355 or [email protected]. Become his fan on Facebook.)The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an important pathogen that has infected approximately 170 million people worldwide. In spite of extensive efforts, surprisingly little is known about the mechanism by which HCV initiates infection. The lack of vaccine or effective therapy against this virus stresses the urgent need for studies of HCV entry into host cells. HCV is an enveloped virus that enters cells via a clathrin-mediated pathway and releases its nucleocapsid by fusing the viral membrane with an endosomal membrane a process that is promoted by HCV E1 and E2 glycoproteins. The fusion induced by E1E2 is strictly receptor- and low pH-dependent. Not only is the mechanism of this process poorly understood, but even the identity of the fusion protein (E1 vs. E2) has not been established. This is due to the lack of a tractable model system to study HCV fusion. Our working hypothesis is that HCV fusion precedes through at least two major steps - a priming step through interactions with cellular receptors which render E1E2 fusogenic, followed by low pH-dependent fusion. This hypothesis predicts that: (1) low pH pre-treatment in the absence of receptors
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2731, 275, 2389, 342, 497, 40995, 42661, 665, 9549, 14756, 377, 293, 968, 15, 380, 22575, 13, 1097, 3379, 285, 3909, 13, 4035, 281, 320, 253, 1659, 835, 11597, 403, 1959, 281, 789, 342, 747, 5697, 15, 1244, 253, 5865, 18051, 10532, 310, 6941, 1097, 747, 285, 4232, 11597, 253, 2097, 407, 534, 281, 15452, 299, 15592, 326, 1053, 457, 85, 5663, 281, 269, 324, 3443, 7204, 15, 3771, 253, 643, 1388, 309, 2959, 432, 581, 273, 619, 11651, 247, 1892, 14, 14853, 4460, 326, 521, 19600 ]	des Verfassungsschutzchefs Hans-Georg Maaßen schon fast geringfügig. Er soll die rechtsradikale AfD beraten haben, deren völkische Argumentation sich lediglich in der Wortwahl von der der rechtsextremen NPD unterscheidet, soll Informationen an die AfD weitergegeben haben und befeuerte rechte Verschwörungstheorien mit der unbelegten Behauptung, ein Video aus Chemnitz, in dem Neonazis nichtweiße Menschen jagen, sei „gezielte Falschinformation“. Doch überraschend ist Maaßens Verhalten angesichts der Geschichte des Verfassungsschutzes nicht. Entsprechend argumentiert Grundrechtekomitee-Vorstand Heiner Busch deshalb schon 2012 im AIB, dass der Verfassungsschutz mitsamt V-Leute-System geschlossen gehöre: Die Informationen von V-Leuten seien oft nicht vor Gericht verwertbar und ohnehin von fragwürdiger Qualität. Andererseits habe die Finanzierung von V-Leuten, rechtsextreme Strukturen eher gestärkt. Medien und Forscher sind besser informiert Ähnlich argumentieren die antifaschistischen Gruppen AKKU und Avanti in eigenen Beiträgen: Als Inlandsgeheimdienst habe der Verfassungsschutz systematisch versagt. Seit 1990 habe es mehr als 180 Tote durch rechtsextreme Gewalt gegeben, sowohl beim NSU sei der Verfassungsschutz gescheitert, als auch bei islamistischen Gruppen, wie der um Mohammed Atta, die vor genau 17 Jahren den Anschlag vom 11. September in den USA verübten. Avanti weist außerdem darauf hin, dass die Verfassungsschutzberichte keinen wirklichen Mehrwert liefern: Diese „geben an Informationen lediglich wieder, was engagierte JournalistInnen, WissenschaftlerInnen und AntifaschistInnen sowieso, meistens sogar besser, wissen. Eine wissenschaftliche, quellenkritische Nachprüfbarkeit der Arbeit des Dienstes ist nicht möglich“. So schließt sich auch der Kreis zur heutigen Zeit: AntifaschistInnen und JournalistInnen liefern die Belege für die Zusammenarbeit und Kontakte der AfD mit Neonazis. Während von zahlreichen AfD-Führungskadern völkische, holocaustverharmlosende und rassistische Äußerungen zu hören sind, diese offen über „Systemwechsel“ oder „Revolution“ sprechen und sogar mit bekannten Rechtsextremen gemeinsame Sache machen, heißt es aus dem Innenministerium, dass es für eine Beobachtung durch den Verfassungsschutz „keine Voraussetzung“ gebe. Stattdessen finden sich im aktuellen Verfassungsschutzbericht Einträge wie der zur „Gruppe ArbeiterInnenmacht“ in der Rubrik „Linksextremismus“. Das 40-köpfige Kollektiv aus Berlin biete bei Lesekreisen und Vortragsreihen „Diskussionen und Schulungen“ an und beteilige sich an 1.-Mai-Demonstrationen.[This week’s question was submitted by an SF Signal reader. Do you have an idea for a future Mind Meld? Let us know!] Recently Neal Stephenson wrote an article for the World Policy Journal titled “Innovation Starvation“. In the article he discussed the serious lack of innovation in science today. Later in the article, he discusses a presentation that he made at the Future Tense conference where he said that good science fiction supplied “a plausible, fully thought-out picture of an alternate reality in which some sort of compelling innovation has taken place.” One scientist that he talked to complained that SF writers are slacking off, saying that SF writers need “to start supplying big visions that make sense.” With Planetary Resources announcing their plan to mine the asteroids, it seems that reality may be encroaching on science fiction’s “big idea” territory. We asked this week’s panelists: Q: Are SF writers “slacking off” or is science fiction still the genre of “big ideas”? If so, what authors are supplying these ideas for the next generation of scientists and engineers? Here’s what they said… Alexis Glynn Latner Alexis Glynn Latner ‘s science fiction novel Hurricane Moon was published by Pyr in 2007. Twenty-three of her novelettes and short stories have been or will be published in science fiction magazines, especially Analog, and horror and mystery anthologies. She also does editing, teaches and coaches creative writing, and works in the Rice University Library. Possibly neither. The arc of big, epochal, scientific ideas may have run its course in science fiction – having flowed on into nonfiction and reality. In addition to asteroid mining, think about Google as an example. Bruce Sterling remarked at a convention that despite a unitary artificial superintelligence being a big idea in SF, there hasn’t been one invented, but there’s such an amazing, unanticipated thing as the distributed intelligence of Google searching and all. I don’t think SF writers are slacking – although many on the advice of editors and agents have been writing fantasy because it sells better. Some are creating alloys of SF and fantasy. In the century we’re in now, for a big idea to catch fire with the upcoming scientists and engineers it may have to be not just an an overweening head trip, but a profound heart trip as well. Allen Steele Allen M. Steele is the author of eighteen novels and five collections of short fiction; his work has received numerous awards, including three Hugos. His most recent novel is Hex; a young-adult SF novel, Apollo’s Outcasts, will be published by Pyr later this year. I don’t think SF is suffering from a shortage of big ideas, or authors who are willing to play with them. If the genre seems to currently lack vision, I believe it’s because of constraints imposed by editors and publishers. Over the last decade, the publishing industry — particularly in the U.S. — has become increasingly obsessed with bestsellers. For the major publishers, it’s no longer enough for an author to write novels that sell enough copies to produce a modest yet meaningful profit over a period of time. What the publishers want instead are big, breakout books that will sell thousands, if not tens or hundreds of thousands, of copies in the first few weeks of publication.. These kinds of novels make money fast and therefore please shareholders, so the pressure comes down on editors to produce bestsellers, and they in turn press writers to deliver novels which will have a chance at landing on the bestseller lists. The easiest and most reliable way to produce a bestseller is to imitate that which is already successful. So if paranormal romance is selling well, then the impetus is to produce lots and lots of paranormal romances. If military space opera is the all the rage, then publish tons of that stuff. If the trend in dystopian young-adult SF has put novels like The Hunger Games series on the bestseller lists, then you can expect to see many more novels very much like The Hunger Games. Last year it was vampires, this year it’s steampunk, and next year it’ll be something else. Run it into the ground, and then move on. The problem with chasing the bestseller lists is that it pushes aside anything that isn’t in line with current fashion. So that which is original, or at least isn’t repetitive, tends to get shunted into a neglected, unpromoted midlist that’s getting smaller all the time … and science fiction is a genre which has always depended on originality. So the author who writes a novel that doesn’t fit in a bestselling category runs the risk of not having it published, or ignored even if it is. That means authors are being discouraged from doing anything new, but instead produce the same damn thing over and over again. Fortunately, not all is lost. There are small, independent publishers who aren’t afflicted with Bestseller Fever, and they’re the ones putting out novels that aren’t about gun-toting vampires in love with werewolf detectives who ride zeppelins. The magazines, both print and online, continue to be the place where writers are free to work with new ideas. And the digital publishing revolution is allowing both new and established writers the means by which to publish ebooks that don’t belong to fad du jour. Just the other day I received from one of my colleagues a hard-SF novel that his publisher
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8539, 1156, 2073, 44066, 366, 5137, 187, 50276, 36955, 2073, 2915, 15, 5996, 14, 881, 14, 18569, 64, 19261, 8539, 8606, 30932, 5996, 64, 8581, 4500, 60, 2877, 568, 45410, 9686, 8539, 1156, 2073, 688, 4507, 5137, 187, 50276, 36955, 2073, 2915, 15, 5996, 14 ]	ikipedia page for the maths. Birthday_problem My approach: Generate random numbers in range [0 - 364] add them to a set until a duplicate is generated (set.add returns false) add the count (or set size) to a list repeat this X-times calculate the average of the list Code: public static void main(String[] args) { List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>(); for(int i = 0; i<10000; i++){ int count = 0; Set<Integer> set = new HashSet<>(); while(set.add(ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(0, 365))){ count++; } list.add(count); } double avg = list.stream().mapToInt(Integer::intValue).average().getAsDouble(); System.out.println(avg); } My output is always under 24. E.g 23.6285 I've tried to run the for-loop 1000, 10000, 1000000 times I've tried ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(0, 365), nextInt(0, 364), nextInt(0, 366) I've tried list.add(count); and list.add(set.size()); But I'am getting always an average < 24. Mostly something like 23.629237. Do you see any mistakes and why I'am not getting the correct value, which is approx. ≈24.61659? A: Note that your answer is almost exactly 1 less than the expected. That's a clue: it tells you that you're probably under-counting by 1, which is a very common bug. Consider your condition: while(set.add(<newPersonsBirthday>)){ count++; } That won't count the last person! They won't be added to the count, and so you're not including them in the set of people in the room. You've counted everybody in the set except the person who triggered the match -- but they're part of the set. Just add count + 1 to your list, to account for that person. Q: Elasticsearch filter results excluding by id I need to return results that do not include docs with certain ids. Elasticsearch allows us to specify which ids are allowed but I see no way to disallow certain ids. In my case I want to not return things the user has already seen so the list will be different for each user. A: You can achieve this by adding a bool/must_not filter containing an ids filter with an array of ids you don't want to appear, like this: { "query": { "bool": { "must": [ ... <--- your other filters go here ], "must_not": [ { "ids": { "values": [ "id1", "id2" <--- add all the ids you DON'T want in here ] } } ] } } } Chikungunya infection is caused due to the chikungunya virus which is transmitted to humans by the bite of infected mosquitoes. The virus is spread by the female species of two different kinds of mosquitoes namely, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. The origin of Chikungunya dates back to the 1950s in Tanzania. In Makonde, the word loosely translated to “walking bent over”. This is because the virus causes severe joint and muscle pain making the patient walk bent over due to back pain. Chikungunya was once considered to be a disease of the tropics. However, now cases have been documented in well over one-quarter of the countries around the globe. Chikungunya is a major health issue in India affecting billions. After 2010, India saw a decline in the instances until 2016, when a massive outbreak nudged the country severely. Signs and Symptoms It takes around 3 to 7 days after a person is bitten by chikungunya mosquitoes for signs and symptoms to show up. The most common symptoms are fever which can be as high as 104 °F and severe joint pain. Chikungunya may not be a deadly infection but the symptoms can be disabling and severe. Other symptoms include muscle pain, headache, tiredness, rash or joint swelling. Less common symptoms include vomiting, nausea, conjunctivitis, and maculopapular rash. These symptoms are short-lived. Most people start to recover within a week’s time. A majority of infections can cause arthritis and arthralgia months or years after the initial infection. Who are More at Risk? Newborn babies who get infected with the virus are at risk of suffering from a more severe form of this ailment. Elderly people due to weak immunity and those with medical conditions such as heart disease, diabetes or high blood pressure are also more susceptible to chikungunya. The silver lining to this ailment is that once a person has suffered from chikungunya, the risk of getting it again is extremely low as the person becomes immune to it. Diagnosis Chikungunya symptoms are similar to Zika and dengue. These diseases are also transmitted by the bite of the same mosquitoes that spread chikungunya. Thus, sometimes chikungunya is misdiagnosed especially in those areas where all these diseases are common. It is extremely important to rule out dengue fever at the earliest due to its higher mortality rate than chikungunya. Visit a doctor as soon as you suspect having chikungunya symptoms or if you have visited a place recently where chikungunya is prevalent. Since the definitive diagnosis can be done only by running blood tests due to the similar nature of the symptoms with other conditions, the doctor may advise getting some tests done. Complications There are certain complications that may arise when a person suffers from chikungunya. These include: Uveitis Retinitis Meningoencephalitis Myocarditis Hepatitis Guillain-Barré syndrome syndrome Cranial nerve palsies Nephritis Hemorrhage Myelitis Is There Any Vaccine Available? Unfortunately, there is no vaccine to prevent or treat chikungunya. India and the United States of America are continuing with their research to develop it. Treatment There is no specific treatment for this ailment. Generally, people get better by themselves within 7 days and recover completely thereafter. However, joint pain may take much longer to get better. Doctors offer treatment for symptomatic relief with fever and pain medicines. The patient must drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration and take plenty of rest to get better sooner. If you or a dear one exhibit symptoms of chikungunya, get checked today. Nightingales offer home-based medical services ranging from doctor consultation to laboratory services. To know more about how we can help or to book a test, consult a Doctor at home, visit us at https://www.nightingales.in/ Reference – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5682881/ Image Credits – People photo created by freepik – www.freepik.comjQuery(window).load(function() { pf_switch_status_look(); console.log('Loaded: PressForward Alterations'); jQuery('body.post-type-pf_feed').on('click', '.edit-post-status', function(){ console.log('click edit status'); pf_switch_status_look(); }); jQuery('body.post-type-pf_feed').on('click', '.save-post-status', function(){ console.log('save edit status'); pf_switch_status_look(); }); jQuery('body.post-type-pf_feed').on('click', ".refresh-feed", (function(evt){ evt.preventDefault(); var element = jQuery(this); console.log('Refreshing feed.'); console.log( element ); var feed_id = element.attr('data-pf-feed'); jQuery.post(ajaxurl, { action: 'ajax_update_feed_handler', feed_id: feed_id }, function(response) { //jQuery('.loading-'+itemID).hide(); //jQuery(".result-status-"+itemID+" .msg-box").html(response); //alert(response); //jQuery("#test-div1").append(data); }); }) ); }); function pf_switch_status_look(){ jQuery('body.post-type-pf_feed #submitdiv h3.hndle span').text('Activate'); jQuery('body.post-type-pf_feed').find('#post_status option[value="draft"]').text('Inactive'); jQuery('body.post-
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(\[eq:delta\_theta\]), the angular fluctuations are given by $$\delta\Theta^2 = 4\, (\ell_{[\alpha} A_{\beta ][ \mu}\ell_{\nu]})(\ell_{[\gamma}A_{\delta ][ \rho}\ell_{\sigma]})s^{\alpha}k^{\beta}t^{\mu}k^{\nu}s^{\gamma}k^{\delta} t^{\rho}k^{\sigma}F(\omega_g,s,t_0).$$ Interestingly, since $F(\omega_g,s,t_0)$ is independent of the displacement parameter, $\alpha$, so are $\delta\xi^2$ and $\delta\Theta^2$. Therefore, the fluctuations depend only on the squeezing parameter, $\zeta$, and we can immediately say that a coherent state (classical wave) for which $\zeta=0$ induces no fluctuations. For the following calculations, we assume the passing gravity waves are in the Transverse Tracefree (TT) Gauge. However, note that since our results derive from the Riemann tensor, the equations are gauge invariant, and we use the TT gauge only for calculational convenience. To begin, note that if the gravity waves and photons travel in parallel, then one finds $(\ell_{[\alpha} A_{\beta ][ \mu}\ell_{\nu]}) t^{\alpha}k^{\beta}t^{\mu}k^{\nu} = 0$. This indicates that there is no induced redshift fluctuation nor angular blurring due to a squeezed state gravity wave traveling with the photons. This is as one might expect, since a gravity wave in the TT gauge has only non-zero transverse components. We may subsequently restrict our attention to transversely propagating gravity waves and will assume the gravity waves to propagate with $\ell^{\mu}=\omega_g(1,0,0,1)$ while the photons continue to have wave vector $k^{\mu}=(1,1,0,0)$. We define $$\mathfrak{F}(\omega_g,s,t_0)= [1-\cos(\omega_g s)][1-\cos(\omega_g t_0)] [\cosh(2r)-\sinh(2r)\cos(\theta-\omega_g(t_{0}+s))-1]\, ,$$ so that for a gravitational wave propagating in the z direction, for which $\ell_x=0$, $$F(\omega_g,s,t_0) = \frac{16}{{\omega_g}^4}\mathfrak{F}(\omega_g,s,t_0) \,.$$ ### Redshift Fluctuations {#rfcase} With transversely propagating gravity waves, $$(\ell_{[\alpha} A_{\beta ][ \mu} \ell_{\nu]})t^{\alpha}k^{\beta}t^{\mu}k^{\nu} = -\frac{1}{4}\omega_g^2 A_{+}\, ,$$ and therefore $$\label{rfcase2eq} \delta\xi^2 = 4\, A_{+}^2 \mathfrak{F}(\omega_g,s,t_0).$$ There exists a non-zero effect which in this case depends only on the $(+)$ polarization. For a gravity wave propagating in the $z$-direction, $A_+ = A_{xx} =-A_{yy}$. ### Angular Blurring {#abcase} #### Case 1 Let the photons propagate in the x direction while the gravity waves propagate in the z direction and probe the y component of angular blurring, $s^{\mu}=(0,0,1,0)$. We find $$(\ell_{[\alpha} A_{\beta ][ \mu}\ell_{\nu]})s^{\alpha}k^{\beta}t^{\mu}k^{\nu} = \frac{1}{4}\omega_g^2 A_{\times}$$ and $$\label{abcase2eq} \delta\Theta_y^2 = 4\, A_{\times}^2\mathfrak{F}(\omega_g,s,t_0).$$ Note that here the y component of blurring depends only on the $(\times)$ polarization of the gravity waves. Here $A_{\times} = A_{xy}=A_{yx}$. #### Case 2 To probe the z component of blurring, set $s^{\mu}=(0,0,0,1)$. The result is $$\label{abcase3eq} \delta\Theta_z^2 = 4\, A_{+}^2\mathfrak{F}(\omega_g,s,t_0)\, ,$$ which is the same as Eq. (\[rfcase2eq\]) for redshift fluctuations, and only depends on the $(+)$ polarization of the gravity waves. Classical Time Dependent Variation ---------------------------------- As noted above, the fluctuations in redshift and angle depend upon the degree of squeezing, measured by the parameter $\zeta$. In this subsection, we will examine the expectation value of the change in fractional redshift, $\langle\Delta\xi\rangle$ and in angle, $\langle\Delta\Theta\rangle$. These quantities will depend only upon the displacement parameter $\alpha$, and hence would be the same in the coherent state $\|\alpha,0 \rangle$ as they are in the squeezed state $\|\alpha,\zeta \rangle$. For this reason, we regard these quantities as giving the classical time-dependence. Alternative approaches to the classical time-dependence of these quantities may be found in Refs. [@Weber; @Zipoy; @Kaufmann] Here it is possible to calculate $\langle\Delta\xi\rangle$ as a single integration of the Riemann tensor over the spacetime region $da$ via Eq. (\[RateOfChange\]). However, for comparison purposes, we calculate $\langle\Delta\xi\rangle^2$ directly. In this case, $$\langle\Delta\xi\rangle^2 = \int da \int da' \,\langle\hat{R}_{\alpha\beta\mu\nu}(x)\rangle \langle\hat{R}_{\gamma\delta\rho\sigma}(x')\rangle t^{\alpha}k^{\beta}t^{\mu}k^{\nu}t^{\gamma}k^{\delta}t^{\rho}k^{\sigma}\, ,$$ where now $$\langle\hat{R}_{\alpha\beta\mu\nu}(x)\rangle \langle\hat{R}_{\gamma\delta\rho\sigma}(x')\rangle = 4 \sum_{l} (\ell_{[\alpha} A_{\beta][\mu}\ell_{\nu]})(\ell_{[\gamma} A_{\delta][\rho}\ell_{\sigma]}) f'(x,x')$$ with $$f'(x,x') = \alpha^2 e^{i\ell_{\tau} (x^{\tau}+x^{\prime\tau})} + (\alpha^{\ast})^2 e^{-i\ell_{\tau} (x^{\tau}+x^{\prime\tau})} + 2\vert\alpha\vert^2\cos[\ell_{\tau} (x^{\tau}-x^{\prime\tau})].$$ Integration of $f'(x,x')$ over the spacetime region of Fig. \[spacetime\] yields $$\begin{aligned} & & F'(\omega_g,s,t_0) = \int da \int da' \, f'(x,x') = \nonumber \\ & & \frac{16\{1-\cos[s(\ell_x-\omega_g )]\} [1-\cos(\omega_g t_0)]} {\omega_g^2(\ell_x-\omega_g)^2} \left(\alpha e^{\frac{i}{2}[\ell_x s-\omega_g(s+t_0)]} + \alpha^{\ast} e^{-\frac{i}{2}[\ell_x s-\omega_g(s+t_0)]}\right)^2.\end{aligned}$$ Thus the classical time variation of the redshift is characterized by: $$\label{classical} \langle\Delta\xi\rangle^2 = 4\, F'(\omega_g,s,t_0) (\ell_{[\alpha} A_{\beta][\mu}\ell_{\nu]})(\ell_{[\gamma} A_{\delta][\rho}\ell_{\sigma]}) t^{\alpha}k^{\beta}t^{\mu}k^{\nu}t^{\gamma}k^{\delta}t^{\rho}k^{\sigma}.$$ For the case of redshift variations with photons and a gravity wave propagating perpendicularly (Sect. \[rfcase\]), $$\label{rfclassical} \langle\Delta\xi\rangle^2 = 4 \,A_{+}^2 \mathfrak{F'}(\omega_g,s,t_0).$$ Here $\mathfrak{F'}(\omega_g,s,t_0)$ is defined in a similar way as $\mathfrak{F}(\omega_g,s,t_0)$ when $\ell_x=0$, $$\mathfrak{F'}(\omega_g,s,t_0) = [1-\cos(\omega_g s)][1-\cos(\omega_g t_0)] \left(\alpha e^{-\frac{i\omega_g}{2}(s+t_0)} + \alpha^{\ast} e^{\frac{i\omega_g}{2}(s+t_0))}\right)^2.$$ The classical time variation of angular position yields similar results. Particularly, for perpendicularly propagating photons and
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533, 6890, 352, 310, 417, 4136, 15, 187, 187, 49, 1883, 934, 187, 397, 187, 187, 510, 11963, 4214, 5259, 4637, 310, 247, 1959, 13, 3491, 1274, 7981, 323, 3694, 285, 643, 187, 11258, 84, 273, 2987, 15, 187, 187, 510, 23937, 323, 954, 3694, 285 ]	d been at least six months since my last haircut. For me, this means a Gene Wilder-esque mess of tangled madness floating around my head, barely attached, with the number of gray and white hairs increasing each second, constantly closer to overtaking the brown ones I’m really going to miss. It was time for a cut. My new-ish apartment is in-between two barber shops in the same chain, about two miles away from each. Normally I’d drive, but my roommate insisted it was a fine walk. While I’d been conditioning myself to spend days at a time indoors, hunched over a computer, internetting my life away, movement is something my body probably needs way more of than I’m willing to give it on a regular basis. Taking this into account, I slathered sun block on all exposed parts of my body and headed out into the world, going the healthy route, despite my fear of sunlight and sweating. A walk through my neighborhood is a celebration of smells and sounds one normally would not celebrate. So far, my experience is that it’s not a particularly bad neighborhood, but the frequent sirens singing and low flying helicopters dancing, paint a different story. It’s got, uh, character. That character was even more apparent on the hot summer day walk to get the crazy madness atop my head shorn. Aside from fear of sweating in all the places I really dislike sweating (meaning all the places), it was fine. I’d decided I’d made the correct decision to walk instead of drive when I was upon a street lamp at the corner. And I felt the air rush past my face, something hitting my messy nest of hair right before sounds of thunder plops exploding about me. I cursed everything that is curseable and debated running my hands through my mop top. But I didn’t… because I was fairly certain there was bird shit in it. I tried to enjoy the great outdoors, and that quest for joy had been shat upon by nature. My leisurely stroll became a speed walk. The only fortunate thing was that my destination was a barbershop/salon kinda place. They charged extra for shampooing… I wondered if there was a bird poo charge on top of that. Now the sweat was really pouring off of me… my unkempt hair all a-crazy, likely now housing the white poop of our fine-feathered fiends from above. Clean, flip-flop and fanny pack wearing tourist gave me the same look I gave that very serene-looking guy I saw walking and peeing down the sidewalk near my neighborhood one time. I was one of those characters who give my neighborhood character. When I reached the barbershop, there was a wait. Covered in sweat and my version of self-actualization, I went to the men’s room to inspect my hair. While it was a mess, I found no bird poop. Perhaps… I’d just felt the air of it whizzing by? Well, that was a relief. I was called to a chair, and the hair cutter was a very relaxed, nice lady who loved dancing, talking about how she loved dancing, and who also seemed to have no problem with bird shit. She said it was lucky, but also confirmed there was none on my hair. As I was sitting, the apron over me, I rested my hand on my leg… and found where the bird shit had hit me. For the first time in my lifetime of getting my hair cut, I asked for a moment to go to the bathroom to wash bird poop off my jeans. She, again, was fine with it, saying she thought it was cool stitching on my jeans when she saw me sitting down. Nope. Poop. From a bird. Bird poop. When I returned, large wet spot on my pants leg where the dropping had been, hands washed and re-washed at least three times, she kept on chit chatting like it was no big deal. It even turned out she was from the same county of Ohio as I was, which is a wacky coincidence to cap off my wacky non-adventure. As I left, she reassured me that being pooped upon by a bird is good luck. For me personally, the jury is still out on that one.Q: WebPack and Express server not working together I'm having a hard time finding resources that explain how to connect webpack to a express server app. I'm wanting to use webpack for babel to use es6 when writing react and use its hot-module and cheap-module-source-map. But, webpack runs it's own express server and that currently conflicts with my express app. I want my express app to dictate the port and routes but still get the benefits of using webpack. Any ideas? The express app looks something like this: var express = require('express'), Sequelize = require('sequelize'), /* set up sequelize ... app.route ... / app.listen(port), function () { console.log('Express server listening on port ' + port }); A: You don't need the webpack-dev-server to use Webpack for Babel to use ES2015 when writing React and use its hot-module and cheap-module-source-map. Webpack configuration for React app in development env: module.exports = { entry: { app: [ 'react-hot-loader/patch', 'webpack-hot-middleware/client?path=/__webpack_hmr&timeout=20000', 'app/index.js, ], }, plugins: [ new webpack.HotModuleReplacementPlugin(), ], }) .babelrc looks like this: { "presets": ["react", "es2015", "stage-0"], "env": { "development": { "plugins": ["react-hot-loader/babel"] } } } app/index.js: import { AppContainer} from 'react-hot-loader' ... <AppContainer> <App /> </AppContainer> ... if (module.hot) { module.hot.accept('./routes', () => { // Hot reloading }) } server/index.js: import webpack from 'webpack' import webpackDevMiddleware from 'webpack-dev-middleware' import webpackHotMiddleware from 'webpack-hot-middleware' import webpackConfig from './webpack.dev.config' const compiler = webpack(webpackConfig) app.use(webpackDevMiddleware(compiler, { noInfo: true, publicPath: webpackConfig.output.publicPath, })) app.use(webpackHotMiddleware(compiler, { path: '/__webpack_hmr', heartbeat: 10000, })) I am not sure if it's allowed to refer to my own repo here, but please check my Github repo here to see how I have integrated React, Express, Webpack, HMR and Babel. Bivariate cytokeratin/DNA flow cytometric analysis of paraffin-embedded samples from colorectal carcinomas. Admixture of normal and neoplastic cells is a serious problem in the evaluation of tumor cell kinetic parameters by flow cytometry, in particular for DNA diploid tumors. The admixture of non-neoplastic cells, such as stromal cells and inflammatory cells, can disturb the estimation of the proliferative tumor fraction. This problem has been addressed in fresh tumor samples by applying bivariate flow cytometric analyses for DNA and cytokeratin. We have adapted this approach for formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue samples of colorectal carcinomas. After preparation of a single cell suspension from paraffin blocks by means of an enzymatic digestion step, the cells of epithelial origin were selectively stained with a panel of subtype specific cytokeratin antibodies. DNA analysis could thus be performed on the cytokeratin-positive cells. The proliferative fractions of the paraffin-embedded samples could be compared with those of the fresh tissue samples and a very good correlation was seen between DNA indices from fresh and paraffin-embedded material. As expected, after gating on the cytokeratin-positive cells an enrichment of the S-phase fraction was seen compared with the ungated cell population. However, this enrichment was more pronounced in the cell suspensions derived from the paraffin-embedded part of the tumor compared with the fresh disaggregated, ethanol-fixed part of the tumor.Senior Prefect Team 2017-2018 11 May 2017 We are pleased to announce our new Senior Prefect team. Pictured below are Chris Rouse, Head Boy, Sam Sharkey, Head Girl, Barney Crawford, Deputy Head Boy and Olivia Brown, Deputy Head Girl. We wish them all the best for what will be undoubtedly a very busy year!GNU General Public License ========================== Version 3, 29 June 2007* Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc <http://fsf.org> Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. Preamble -------- The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for software and other kinds of works. The licenses for most software and
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The information provided through TheBodyPRO.com should not be used for diagnosing or treating a health problem or a disease. It is not a substitute for professional care. If you have or suspect you may have a health problem, consult your health care provider.1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a suspension arrangement for a hydraulic elevator. 2. Description of the Background Art At present, conventional hydraulic elevators are implemented as rucksack-type elevators in which the elevator car is mounted on a supporting frame resembling a rucksack. As to their suspension, these elevators are either of a direct-acting or an indirect-acting type. Direct-acting elevators of normal construction without an expensive telescopic cylinder are only applicable in low-rise buildings where the elevator only serves one or two floors. Therefore, most hydraulic elevators employ an indirect-acting type of suspension. Such elevators usually have a hoisting height of 3.5-15 m, corresponding to 2-6 floors. The maximum hoisting height is about 20 m. In an indirect-acting elevator, a hoisting rope attached to a fixed column is passed over a diverting pulley mounted on top of the piston and further to the car frame supporting the elevator car. Due to this roping, the car travel equals twice the stroke of the piston, which is why this type of suspension is termed 2:1 suspension. However, this widely used suspension system has certain serious drawbacks. First, since the length of the cylinder (and the piston inside it) equals at least half the entire hoisting height, difficulties are encountered in transporting such a long cylinder into the elevator shaft. The cylinder is usually brought into the shaft via its door opening, in which case the cylinder may be at most about as long as the guide rail bar, i.e. about 5 m. This limits the hoisting height to 10 m, corresponding to four floors. When larger hoisting heights are to be achieved, the cylinder has to be hoisted into the shaft via the top of the shaft. However, this is only possible at an early stage of the construction work, and it is necessary to schedule the transport and hoisting of the cylinder into the shaft accordingly. This causes extra work and expenses. Moreover, the cylinder has to be protected in the shaft during construction, and it is always more or less of a hindrance to other work. Another solution applied in the case of large hoisting heights is to use an extendable cylinder. In this case, the cylinder is composed of two sections which are only joined together in the shaft. However, because of the threaded joint, the cylinder has to be manufactured from a thicker tube than a jointless one. Because of the joint, the manufacture of the cylinder and especially its final grinding is an elevator- and cylinder-specific and expensive job. The testing of the cylinder also requires special arrangements, and joining the cylinder sections and installing the cylinder in a narrow and dirty space is difficult and expensive. A jointed cylinder costs at least one and a half times as much as a jointless one. Another limitation in the case of 2:1 suspension, in addition to the problem of moving the cylinder into the shaft, is the risk of buckling of the piston tube at larger hoisting heights. This limits the hoisting height and makes it necessary to increase the thickness of the wall of the piston tube. However, this increases the weight of the piston, thus reducing the usable hoisting capacity of the cylinder. Moreover, due to the material costs, this is an expensive solution. Another way to solve the buckling problem is to use reinforcements to prevent buckling, but this also involves additional costs.Small intestinal development in growth-retarded fetal sheep. The functional maturity of the gastrointestinal system is essential for the survival of the neonate. The effects of reducing placental size and the ensuing fetal growth retardation on the development of the small intestine (SI) of the sheep fetus were investigated. At 140 days of gestation (term is 147 days), fetal body weight, gastrointestinal weight (from the abomasum to the rectum, i.e., the gut), SI weight, and SI length in the growth-retarded fetuses (n = 6) were significantly reduced (p less than 0.05) when compared with age- and breed-matched control fetuses. The SI weight was disproportionately reduced as a fraction of the gut weight or SI length (p less than 0.01). The proximal SI showed marked reductions in the thickness of the wall, muscularis externa, mucosa, villus height, and crypt depth (p less than 0.003). Densities of villi and crypts were also reduced (p less than 0.02). The crypt-to-villus ratio was maintained. Glycogen was accumulated basally in the villus epithelial cells, and their nuclei were located apically. These characteristics are comparable to those of much younger fetuses. In the distal SI, interanimal variation was large; however, the mean thickness of the wall, the muscularis externa, the mucosa, and the villus height were all reduced (p less than 0.05). In this region, the density of villi and crypts, the pattern of glycogen accumulation, and the position of the nuclei did not markedly differ between growth-retarded and control fetuses. Villus cell density was increased (p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # _MatchMac # # Takes any number of MAC addresses and attempts to find a matching comment # in the "ethernetMACs.txt" file. #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- sub _MatchMac(IN string $macs, OUT string %macTypes) { string $macFile = "ethernetMACs.txt"; @echo off; @record on; ifnot (`getdirectory -scripts`) { echo "* MatchMac: Unable to get scripts directory"; return false; } @record off; string $dir = GetCmdData("dir"); ifnot (defined($dir[0])) { echo "* MatchMac: Unable to retrieve scripts directory"; return false; } string $lines; ifnot (ReadFile("$dir\\..\\$macFile", $lines)) { echo "* MatchMac: Error reading MAC listing file"; return false; } int $numLines = sizeof($lines); if ($numLines == 0) { echo "* MatchMac: No matching lines in MAC listing file"; return false; } string $line; foreach $line ($lines) { string $addrs = Split(":", $line); if (sizeof($addrs) > 2) { # good line string $mac; foreach $mac ($macs) { string $macParts = Split(" ", $mac); if ((sizeof($macParts) == 6) && ($macParts[0] == $addrs[0]) && ($macParts[1] == $addrs[1])) { string $last = Split(" ", $addrs[2]); if ((sizeof($last) > 1) && ($last[0] == $macParts[2])) { # we have a match %macTypes{'$mac'} = $last[1]; } } } } } return true; } /* end _MatchMac */Availability: Normally ships in 10 days Part Number:CI-FT-218 Quantity Description The St. Aubin Wall Garden Fountain is the perfect choice for your home, garden, patio, or other social gathering area. Water flows out the decorative center of the flower detail on the top of the back piece of the Wall Fountain. The St. Aubin Wall Fountain will make the perfect center piece. Color shown is Alpine Stone. The patinas are designed to replicate the look of natural aging, but unlike a painted finish, the patinas do not prevent the natural aging process. Any cast stone item with a patina finish will weather naturally in an outdoor environment. Because each patina is hand applied in a multi-step process and the product is photographed in natural settings, actual colors may vary. The acid stains create a bold, new look. These rich multi-dimensional colors bring a new depth and dimension to the cast stone product. The mixture of water, metallic salts, and muriatic acid create permanent stains in the surface of the concrete which will not flake or peel. Like stains for wood, each piece will accept the stain in varying degrees of intensity, creating natural color variations that brings character and distinction to each peace. NOTE: This product includes special ordering instructions. Please read the 'Special Ordering Instructions' section above before placing an order.#!/usr/bin/python # coding=utf-8 # # Copyright 2003 Sandia Corporation. # Under the terms of Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000, there is a non-exclusive # license for use of this work by or on behalf of the # U.S. Government. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with # or without modification, are permitted provided that this Notice and any # statement of authorship are reproduced on all copies. # from __future__ import
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8280, 15, 9245, 1000, 29404, 538, 15, 2061, 15, 8464, 357, 15, 45987, 15, 378, 15329, 394, 314, 15, 4825, 545, 284, 4219, 14144, 285, 6938, 8672, 323, 952, 665, 403, 973, 19149, 13, 22531, 13, 17603, 14, 21085, 13, 285, 23075, 973, 8191, 342, 247, 31768, 281, 14144, 15, 187, 187, 22002, 50272, 16582, 42, 6582, 1322, 4877, 187, 187, 12231, 5396, 21775, 904, 13533, 17367, 353, 23, 51, 374, 55, 22, 13, 6144, 15, 313, 35630, 10, 47616, 14, 1423, 4590, 15, 1401, 38, 14, 5719, 6098, 5315, 33, 3319, 9593, 43089, 356, 15, 681, 28, 2216, 33, 3319, 9593, 43089, 356, 15, 681, 15, 1401, 50023, 6098, 8280, 15, 3319, 9593, 43089, 356, 15, 681, 15, 1401, 21056, 6098, 309, 404, 5602, 21173, 266, 13, 8121, 15, 5819, 15, 7904, 13, 40848, 15, 34723, 13056, 13, 4397, 14, 22423, 15, 6707, 4249, 310, 7251, 6, 5086, 13, 11880, 2030, 14, 2031, 13, 342, 1029, 6021, 15, 24046, 3491, 1959, 342, 322, 9434, 15, 187, 187, 6603, 1703, 52, 11262, 656, 5096, 7963, 432, 31847, 13342, 16, 15697, 28, 25888, 7963, 16, 2913, 15, 3532, 5797, 7963, 273, 46237, 1128, 39681, 313, 24767, 6144, 285, 17195, 582, 747, 2143, 13, 7324, 13, 6500, 13, 9775, 13, 3668, 285, 13554, 15, 187, 187, 22395, 5166, 31884, 84, 3888, 275, 5865, 5981, 15, 23934, 3066, 299, 14, 5719, 281, 5222 ]	-75 photos/issue; most supplied by freelancers; 10% assignment; 75% requested from freelancers, existing photo files, or submitted unsolicited. Needs "people enjoying boating activity (families, parents, senior citizens) and scenic shots (travel, regional); shots that include parts or all of a boat are preferred." Photos should have West Coast angle. Model release required. Photo captions required. SPECS Accepts images in digital format. Send via CD, FTP, e-mail as TIFF, EPS, JPEG files at least 300 dpi. Contact via online form to query. MAKING CONTACT & TERMS Send query letter with samples; include SASE for return of material. Responds in 1 month. Pay rate varies according to size published. Pays on publication. Credit line given. Buys one-time North American rights and retains reprint rights via print and electronic media. TIPS "We are looking for sharp images with good composition showing pleasure boats in action, and people having fun aboard boats in a West Coast location. Digital shots are preferred; they must be at least 5" wide and a minimum of 300 dpi. We also use studio shots of marine products and do personality profiles. Send samples of work with a query letter and a résumé or clips of previously published photos. _Sea_ does not pay for shipping; will hold photos up to 6 weeks." ##### SEVENTEEN MAGAZINE 300 W. 57th St., 17th Floor, New York NY 10019. (917)934-6500. Fax: (917)934-6574. E-mail: [email protected]. Website: www.seventeen.com. Contact: Consult masthead to contact appropriate editor. Estab. 1944. Circ. 2,000,000. _Seventeen_ is a young women's fashion and beauty magazine. Tailored to young women in their teens and early 20s, _Seventeen_ covers fashion, beauty, health, fitness, food, cars, college, careers, talent, entertainment, plus crucial personal and global issues. Photos purchased on assignment only. Query before submitting. ##### SHINE BRIGHTLY GEMS Girls' Clubs, 1333 Alger St. SE, Grand Rapids MI 49507. (616)241-5616. Fax: (616)241-5558. E-mail: [email protected]. Website: www.gemsgc.org. Contact: Kristine Palosaari, executive director; Kelli Gilmore, managing editor. Estab. 1970. Circ. 17,000. Monthly publication of GEMS Girls' Club. Emphasizes girls ages 9-14 in action. The magazine is a Christian girls' publication that inspires, motivates, and equips girls to become world changers. Sample copy and photo guidelines available for $1 with 9×12 SASE. NEEDS Uses about 5-6 photos/issue. Photos suitable for illustrating stories and articles: photos of babies/children/teens, multicultural, religious, girls aged 9-14 from multicultural backgrounds, close-up shots with eye contact." Model/property release preferred. SPECS Uses 5×7 glossy color prints. Accepts images in digital format. Send via ZIP, CD as TIFF, BMP files at 300 dpi. MAKING CONTACT & TERMS Send 5×7 glossy color prints by mail (include SASE), electronic images by CD only (no e-mail) for consideration. Will view photographer's website if available. Responds in 2 months. Simultaneous submissions OK. Pays $50-75 for cover; $35 for color inside. Pays on publication. Credit line given. Buys one-time rights. TIPS "Make the photos simple. We prefer to get a spec sheet or CDs rather than photos, and we'd really like to hold photos for our annual theme update and try to get photos to fit the theme of each issue." Recommends that photographers "be concerned about current trends in fashions, hair styles, and realize that all girls don't belong to 'families.' Please, no slides, no negatives and no e-mail submissions." ##### SHOOTING SPORTS USA 11250 Waples Mill Rd., Fairfax VA 22030. (703)267-1310. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]. Website: www.nrapublications.org. Contact: Chip Lohman, editor. Monthly publication of the National Rifle Association of America. Emphasizes competitive shooting sports (rifle, pistol and shotgun). Readers range from beginner to high master. Past issues available online. Editorial guidelines free via e-mail. NEEDS 15-25 photosfrom freelancers/issue; 180-300 photos/year. Needs photos of how-to, shooting positions, specific shooters. Quality photos preferred with accompanying manuscript. Model release required. Photo captions preferred. SPECS Accepts images in digital format. Send via CD or e-mail as TIFF files at 300 dpi. MAKING CONTACT & TERMS Send query letter with photo and editorial ideas by e-mail. Include SASE. Responds in 1 week. Previously published work OK when cleared with editor. Pays $150-400 for color cover; $50-150 for color inside; $250-500 for photo/text package; amount varies for photos alone. Pays on publication. Credit line given. Buys first North American serial rights. TIPS Looks for "generic photos of shooters shooting, obeying all safety rules and using proper eye protection and hearing protection. If text concerns certain how-to advice, photos are needed to illuminate this. Always query first. We are in search of quality photos to interest both beginning and experienced shooters." ##### SHOTGUN SPORTS MAGAZINE P.O. Box 6810, Auburn CA 95604. (530)889-2220. Fax: (530)889-9106. E-mail: [email protected]. Website: www.shotgunsportsmagazine.com. Contact: Johnny Cantu, editor in chief. SPECS On disc or e-mailed at least 5 inches and 300 dpi (contact graphics artist for details). ##### SHOTS P.O. Box 27755, Minneapolis MN 55427-0755. E-mail: [email protected]. Website: www.shotsmag.com. Contact: Russell Joslin, editor/publisher. Circ. 2,000. Quarterly fine art photography magazine. "We publish b&w fine art photography by photographers with an innate passion for personal, creative work." Sample copy available for $6.50. Photo guidelines free with SASE or on website. NEEDS Fine art photography of all types accepted for consideration (but not bought). Reviews photos with or without a manuscript. Model/property release preferred. Photo captions preferred. SPECS Uses 8×10 b&w prints. Accepts images in digital format. Send via CD as TIFF files at 300 dpi. "See website for further specifications." MAKING CONTACT & TERMS Send query letter with prints. There is a $16 submission fee for nonsubscribers (free for subscribers). Include SASE for return of material. Responds in 3 months. Credit line given. Does not buy photographs/rights. ##### SHOWBOATS INTERNATIONAL Boat International Media, 41-47 Hartfield Rd., London SW19 3RQ, United Kingdom. (954)522-2628 (US number). Fax: (954)522-2240. E-mail: [email protected]. Website: www.boatinternational.com. Contact: Marilyn Mower, editorial director. Estab. 1995. Circ. 50,000. "Luxury yachting publication aimed at the world's discerning yachting audience. We provide the most exclusive coverage of super yachts over 100 feet worldwide." ##### SIERRA Website: www.sierraclub.org. Estab. 1893. Bimonthly. Emphasizes conservation and environmental politics for people who are well educated, activist, outdoor-oriented, and politically well informed with a dedication to conservation. ##### SKI CANADA 117 Indian Rd., Toronto Ontario M6R 2V5, Canada. (416)538-2293. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]. Website: www.skicanadamag.com. Contact: Iain MacMillan, editor. Circ. 46,438. Published monthly, September-January. Readership is 65% male, ages 25-44, with high income. Sample copy free with SASE. NEEDS Buys 80 photos from freelancers/issue; 480 photos/year. Needs photos of skiing—travel (within Canada and abroad), new school, competition, equipment, instruction, news and trends. SPECS Accepts images in digital format. Send via e-mail to norm
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20734, 13, 285, 342, 14896, 275, 2800, 273, 521, 1390, 4314, 24662, 13, 247, 1943, 3330, 689, 330, 1000, 531, 476, 1691, 779, 275, 253, 7827, 323, 247, 1533, 4060, 5103, 387, 20029, 12511, 15, 1244, 326, 457, 84, 10534, 2139, 344, 2335, 253, 3819, 15, 187 ]	She does recall asking in her freshman year why the football team was allowed to arrive on campus before classes, “but then the field hockey team was allowed to arrive early by my sophomore year.” And while fundraising was a background theme at the June event, attendees did buzz about the ongoing Garcelon Field project to install a FieldTurf surface plus new grandstands, lights, and press box. The $2.6 million project, as a matter of fact, is entirely donor-funded. Bestest Behavior Newly created this year, Bates Best awards recognize significant work by alumni and parents that engages Bates people with the College and that displays passion and commitment for advancing the Bates mission. The Bates Best awards presented at the Volunteer Recognition Dinner in May honored volunteer work during 2009–10, while at the Athletics Celebration, Bates Best awards recognized lasting contributions to the Bates athletics program.package commands type CreatePrivateDomainsCommand struct { BaseCFConfigCommand BasePeekCommand } //Execute - creates private domains func (c CreatePrivateDomainsCommand) Execute([]string) error { var cfMgmt CFMgmt var err error if cfMgmt, err = InitializePeekManagers(c.BaseCFConfigCommand, c.Peek); err == nil { err = cfMgmt.PrivateDomainManager.CreatePrivateDomains() } return err } China, euro zone sovereign debt and the potential fallout from Brexit top the escalating list of concerns for the Bank of England (BOE), according to a report published on Wednesday which warns that risks to global stability have spiked in the past six months. The U.K.'s central bank's semi-annual Financial Stability Report states, "Vulnerabilities stemming from the global environment and financial markets, which were already elevated, have increased further since July." Red flag over China Chris Ratcliffe \| Bloomberg \| Getty Images China's burgeoning debt levels and rapid rate of credit expansion are singled out as significant red flags, with the report noting a 100 percentage point spike in the country's non-financial sector debt relative to gross domestic product (GDP) since the 2008 financial crisis. The ratio currently stands at around 260 percent of GDP. "This is extraordinary leverage for an advanced, let alone, an emerging economy," the BOE Governor Mark Carney said at a press conference to launch the report. The "near-record" pace of net capital outflows from China during the third quarter and a 3 percent depreciation in the Chinese renminbi against the U.S. dollar since the publication of the BOE's July report were also highlighted as reasons for concern. Euro area dynamics Turning to nearer neighbors, the governor broke down the key risks emanating from some euro area economies into, firstly, existing sovereign debt dynamics and, secondly, threats to the resilience of parts of the trading bloc's banking system. Carney noted the vulnerability of elevated sovereign debt levels to a leap in borrowing costs or diminished growth prospects on the back of either trade or political headwinds. Moving even closer to home, the governor raised the looming specter of the U.K.'s impending departure from the European Union (EU), noting banks located domestically currently supply over half of the debt and equity issuance from continental firms and account for over 75 percent of foreign exchange and derivatives activity in the U.K. Consequent fears of contagion were emphasized by Carney as he discussed the risk of a disruption in services provided to the European real economy spilling over to hit the U.K. economy through trade and financial links. While clearly stating that the largest risks to U.K.financial stability are global in nature, the governor went on to acknowledge that a lack of clarity over how Brexit will unfold means many unknowns cloud the current outlook. "It will take time to clarify the U.K.'s new relationships with the EU and the rest of the world. And the orderliness of the U.K. economy's adjustment to these changes will influence the risks to financial stability," Carney said.Q: Enviar funcion con parametros JavaScript Tengo la siguiente linea de codigo: <td border="1" onClick="myFunction()"> Estoy tratando de hacer lo siguiente para poder recibir un valor en la funcion myFunction(variable). <td border="1" onClick="myFunction(variable)"> Pero me envia el siguiente error: is not defined at HTMLTableCellElement.onclick A: Lo que quieres hacer va de la siguiente forma: function myFunction(mensaje) { console.log(mensaje); } table, th, td { border: 1px solid black; } <table> <tr> <td onClick="myFunction('Celda A')">Celda A</td> <td onClick="myFunction('Celda B')">Celda B</td> </tr> </table> Nota: Si quieres enviar algún tipo de variable y te da error, deberás poner mas código en tu pregunta. Melvin Guillard - A Fighting Education When it was announced that Melvin Guillard was going to fight Donald Cerrone at UFC 150 this Saturday, just a little over a month after going three rounds against Fabricio Camoes, many wondered how “The Young Assassin” would react to such a short turnaround time. Short? Guillard considers two fights in a month a vacation compared to his early days in the sport. “I’m a fighter and I love to fight,” he said. “Growing up, when I first started fighting, fighting two, three times, and sometimes six times in one month was normal for me. So fighting this close back-to-back kind of brings back memories of my younger days.” He’s not kidding when he says younger days. Still more than seven months away from his 30th birthday, the New Orleans native has been fighting in one way, shape, or form since he was 14, first as an amateur before turning pro at 16. “I’ve been at it for a long time,” he laughs as he delivers the understatement of the summer. “And even when I turned 16 and turned pro, it was about grinding, and just fighting to make a paycheck. Back then I was making five and five, which was 500 and 500, a thousand and a thousand, and I was living off that money. That was part of the reason why I chose to fight so much at that time.” But in an odd way, fighting Guillard wasn’t just something he was good at; it was a way for him to bond with his father, who passed away in 2006, in a different way than most teens and their dads. “My dad went to every fight, he signed my pro license, and me and my dad were like best friends, so we got to hang out all the time,” said Guillard. “He would go to the bars, watch me fight, take me home, and I even had one of my wrestling buddies, Terry Verdun, he would fight on Friday nights with me. We would go and fight together and just beat people up. That was my hangout, and that was the thing that I was doing because I was hanging out with my high school friend and my dad. Then it blew up so big at home for me to where everybody from home would come and watch me fight. So then I would make money from selling tickets in the neighborhood, and I would have my whole neighborhood coming out once or twice a month to watch me fight and be the main event at the club called Main Event.” Guillard would pile up win after win, and knockout after knockout, some sanctioned by the local commission, some not. It was a heady time for the aspiring UFC fighter, even if he didn’t know at the time whether the UFC was going to be the worldwide juggernaut it is today. The adults around him at school were even less optimistic. “Fighting in the UFC was always my childhood dream and I knew back then that they didn’t make a whole lot of money doing it, but somewhere in there, I thought to myself that this sport might just blow up and take off and it could be big, and I was right,” he said. “I even had schoolteachers and principals, people that were elders to me and mentors that I looked up to, telling me that I was crazy for trying to be an MMA fighter. They thought it was violent and brutal, that guys always got hurt and didn’t make any money, and now those same people are looking at me like ‘kid, you must have known something we didn’t know at the time.’ So it’s definitely refreshing and cool to know that I chose something that other people actually doubted, and I was right about it.” Nearly 14 years after the first time he put the gloves on and got paid for it, Guillard is co-headlining a major UFC event in Denver, and with wins in six of his last eight fights, a big win over Cerrone can put him in the conversation for a world title shot at 155 pounds. And that’s precisely why he took the fight.
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41951, 313, 27767, 58, 28, 8444, 7121, 31497, 13, 3690, 904, 48922, 13, 11248, 13, 5106, 10, 497, 49238, 342, 44280, 310, 41365, 49219, 313, 22, 6, 275, 473, 95, 19, 13611, 285, 39875, 1025, 407, 385, 84, 2435, 1515, 15, 23077, 23220, 35688, 369, 7011, 13, 22269, 273, 40457, 4408, 13, 2624, 715, 495, 1186 ]	was dripped directly onto the heart as needed for arrhythmia control during ischemia, and procainamide (12.5 mg/kg IP) was administered 15 min prior to reperfusion. Rats were orally gavaged with vehicle (0.5% HPMC, 5% DMSO, and 0.1% Tween 80; 10 mL/kg; n = 14), GSK2181236A (0.1 or 1.0 mg/kg; n = 11--14), or BAY 60-4552 (0.3 or 3.0 mg/kg; n = 10--12) 2 h prior to ischemia. Blood was collected at the initiation of ischemia and after 24 h reperfusion. Plasma was obtained for analysis of compound concentrations and levels of cardiac Troponin I (cTnI), a circulating biomarker of cardiac injury. Plasma concentrations of cTnI were determined using a commercially available ELISA (catalog \#2010-2-HSP, Life Diagnostics, West Chester, PA, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Plasma compound concentrations were determined by LC/MS/MS (API 5000 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, ABSciex, Foster City, CA, USA; Prominence liquid chromatographic system, Shimadzu, Columbia, MD, USA). Rats were anesthetized with a mixture of ketamine and xylazine (35 and 5 mg/kg, IM) and euthanized via exsanguination. Hearts were excised and perfused with 1% Evans blue dye in saline then perfused-fixed with 10% neutral buffered formalin (∼90 mmHg perfusion pressure). Hearts were sliced on the short axis from apex to base at 1--2 mm intervals, and the ischemic area (area at risk) was evaluated using Image Pro-Plus (Media Cybernetics, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA). Fresh heart slices were stained with 1% triphenyltetrazolium and evaluated using Image Pro-Plus for determination of infarct size. Cardiac and renal function assessment of GSK2181236A and BAY 60-4552 in HSFD fed SHR-SP --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The SHR-SP is an established model of genetic hypertension. Exposure to a HSFD exacerbates endothelial dysfunction, systemic vascular resistance and hypertension, and accelerates end-organ damage (Ma et al., [@B21]). Decreases in endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in this model have been associated with reduced levels of NO bioactivity and increased generation of superoxide and/or peroxynitrite anions (McIntyre et al., [@B23], [@B22]; Kerr et al., [@B15]; Ma et al., [@B21]; see Bauersachs and Widder, [@B2] for review). As such, a cohort of HSFD SHR-SP was established as a model of cardiovascular disease associated with chronic oxidative stress in this study. Male SHR-SPs (n = 75) were obtained from Charles River Laboratories, Inc. (Kingston, NY, USA) and maintained on a normal powdered rodent diet (Lab Diet 5001, PMI Nutrition International, LLC, St. Louis, MO, USA) and tap water ad libitum. A subgroup of animals (n = 45) was anesthetized with isoflurane and surgically implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters (PhysioTel PA-C40, Data Sciences International, St. Paul, MN, USA). The transmitter catheter was threaded through the femoral artery into the abdominal aorta. At 11--12 weeks of age, baseline blood pressure and heart rate were measured for 5 days (10 s recordings every 5 min) in normal caging, then rats were acclimated to metabolic caging for a minimum of 48 h before a basal 24 h urine sample and blood were collected. After baseline measures, rats were assigned to six groups (n = 8--14 per group) according to mean arterial pressure (MAP; telemetered rats only) and body weight: normal diet (ND) control, HSFD, HSFD + 0.1 mg/kg/day GSK2181236A, HSFD + 1.0 mg/kg/day GSK2181236A, HSFD + 0.3 mg/kg/day BAY 60-4552, and HSFD + 3.0 mg/kg/day BAY 60-4552. The ND group was maintained on normal chow and water throughout the study. The other groups received a fat-enriched rodent diet (24.5% fat, Zeigler Bros., Inc., Gardners, PA, USA) and a 1% NaCl drinking water solution ad libitum for 8 week (Willette et al., [@B35]). Rats displaying signs of morbidity which included piloerection, lack of grooming, persistent body weight loss, lethargy, or seizure/convulsions, were promptly euthanized. Treatments were administered in respective diets starting 1 week after the initiation of HSFD. Urine collections were repeated on weeks 2, 4, 6, and 8 and blood was sampled in the morning after each 24 h collection period for assessment of renal function. Plasma creatinine and urine sodium, microalbumin (MALB), and creatinine were ascertained using an AU640 Chemistry Analyzer (Olympus America, Inc., Center Valley, PA, USA). Plasma compound concentrations were determined as described above. During week 7, cardiac function and morphometry were evaluated via transthoracic echocardiography. Rats were anesthetized with isoflurane (2--4% induction and 1--3% maintenance). Two-dimensional gray scale images of the left ventricle were obtained in the short axis plane at mid-ventricle level and in the parasternal long axis plane using a GE Vivid 7 system (GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI, USA) and stored as digital cineloops. Pulse wave Doppler recordings from the LV outflow were obtained to determine heart rate. All images were analyzed by a single observer using a GE EchoPac (GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI, USA). LV volumes were calculated as $V = \frac{5}{6}(\text{LVA} \times \text{LVL)}$ where LVA is area of LV chamber from the short axis view and LVL is the LV length from the long axis view at end diastole and end systole. LV mass was calculated from two dimensional images using the area-length method (Lang et al., [@B19]). Analysis was performed on three to five cardiac cycles. On week 8, isoflurane anesthetized rats were euthanized via exsanguination. The thoracic aorta was excised for assessment of endothelial function as described below. Hearts were snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80°C for later analysis of gene expression changes associated with cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis (see below for procedure details). Gene expression analysis of cardiac tissue ------------------------------------------ Cardiac gene expression was analyzed following chronic (7 week) BAY 60-4552 or GSK2181236A treatment in HSFD SHR-SP. Hearts were homogenized in Trizol and RNA was extracted using the RNeasy Plus Mini kit protocol (Qiagen, Valencia, CA, USA) with a 40 μL elution volume. RNA was quantified using a Nanodrop Spectrophotometer ND-1000 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Wilmington, DE, USA) and converted to cDNA using the High Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit (Applied Biosystems, Carlsbad, CA, USA). Taqman assays were performed using a 384-well plate format with individual primer-probes and Taqman Universal PCR Master Mix (Applied Biosystems) and run on the 7900 HT Fast Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems). SDS 2.3 software (Applied Biosystems) was used to obtain raw C~t~ values with manual threshold set at 0.10. Array Studio software (version 3.6.2; OmicSoft Corporation, Cary, NC, USA) was used to normalize gene expression data, by analysis of covariance, to the housekeeper genes β-2-microglobulin (B2m) and peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A (Ppia). No outliers were detected by means of principal component analysis. The following genes were analyzed: α-skeletal actin (Acta1), type 1 collagen-alpha 1 (Col1a1), type 3 collagen-alpha 1 (Col3a1), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF; Ctgf), matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2; Mmp2), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9; Mmp9), α-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC; Myh6), β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC; Myh7); atrial natriuretic factor (ANF; Nppa), brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP; Nppb), cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A; Pde5a), type 2 cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG2; Prkg2), and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1; Tgfb1). Isolated artery vasodilatation ------------------------------ Male Wistar Kyoto (WKY; Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Raleigh, NC, USA) were anesthetized with inhaled isoflurane (5% in O~2~) and euthanized by exsanguination. Thoracic aorta was isolated, cleaned of adherent tissue, cut into 3
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Since $u\gamma$ and $v\gamma$ are computable by induction hypothesis, $s\gamma=@(u\gamma,v\gamma)$ is computable by computability property (iv). 3. $s=\lambda x . u$. By computability property (v), $s\gamma=\lambda x.u\gamma$ is computable iff $u\gamma\{x\mapsto v\}$ is computable for an arbitrary computable $v$. Let now $\gamma'=\gamma\cup\{x\mapsto v\}$. By definition of substitutions for abstractions, $u\gamma\{x\mapsto v\}=u\gamma'$, which is usually ensured by $\alpha$-conversion. By assumptions on $\gamma$ and $v$, $\gamma'$ is computable, and $u\gamma'$ is therefore computable by the main induction hypothesis. Since an arbitrary term $s$ can be seen as its own instance by the identity substitution, which is computable by computability property (iii), all terms are computable by the Main Lemma, hence strongly normalizing by computability property (i). The Recursive Path Ordering and Computability {#s:rpo} ============================================= In this section, we restrict ourselves to first-order algebraic terms. Assuming that the set of function symbols is equipped with an ordering relation $\geF$, called precedence, and a status function $stat$, writing $stat_f$ for $stat(f)$, we recall the definition of the recursive path ordering: \[d:rpo\] $s\gtrpo t$ iff 1. \[rposubt\] $s=f(\vect{s})$ with $f\in\F$, and $ u \displaystyle{\gerpo} t$ for some $u\in\vect{s}$ 2. \[rpoprec\] $s=f(\vect{s})$ with $f\in\F$, and $t=g(\vect{t})$ with $f\gtF g$, and $A$ 3. \[rpomul\] $s=f(\vect{s})$ and $t=g(\vect{t})$ with $f=_\F g\in\Mul$, and $\vect{s}~(\displaystyle{\gtrpo})_{mul}~ \vect{t}$ 4. \[rpolex\] $s=f(\vect{s})$ and $t=g(\vect{t})$ with $f=_\F g\in\Lex$, and $\vect{s}~(\displaystyle{\gtrpo})_{lex}~ \vect{t}$ and $A$ $$\mbox{where } A=\forall v\in\vect{t}. ~ s\gtrpo v \quad\mbox{ and }\quad s\gerpo t \mbox{ iff } s\gtrpo t \mbox{ or } s=t$$ We now show the well-foundedness of $\gtrpo$ by using Tait’s method. Computability is defined here as strong normalization, implying computability property (i). We prove the computability property: \(vii) Let $f\in\F_n$ and $\vect{s}$ be computable terms. Then $f(\vect{s})$ is computable. The restriction of $\succ_{rpo}$ to terms smaller than or equal to the terms in $\vect{s}$ w.r.t. $\succ_{rpo}$ is a well-founded ordering which we use for building an outer induction on the pairs $(f,\vect{s})$ ordered by $(>_\F, (\succ_{rpo})_{stat_f})_{lex}$. This ordering is well-founded, since it is built from well-founded orderings by using mappings that preserve well-founded orderings. We now show that $f(\vect{s})$ is computable by proving that $t$ is computable for all $t$ such that $f(\vect{s}) \succ_{rpo} t$. This property is itself proved by an (inner) induction on $\|t\|$, and by case analysis upon the proof that $f(\vect{s}) \succ_{rpo} t$. 1. subterm case: $\exists u\in\vect{s}$ such that $u \succ_{rpo} t$. By assumption, $u$ is computable, hence so is its reduct $t$. 2. precedence case: $t=g(\vect{t})$, $f>_\F g$, and $\forall v\in\vect{t}$, $s\succ_{rpo} v$. By inner induction, $v$ is computable, hence so is $\vect{t}$. By outer induction, $g(\vect{t})=t$ is computable. 3. multiset case: $t=f(\vect{t})$ with $f\in Mul$, and $\vect{s}(\succ_{rpo})_{mul} \vect{t}$. By definition of the multiset extension, $\forall v\in\vect{t},~\exists u\in\vect{s}$ such that $u\succeq_{rpo} v$. Since $\vect{s}$ is a vector of computable terms by assumption, so is $\vect{t}$. We conclude by outer induction that $f(\vect{t})=t$ is computable. 4. lexicographic case: $t=f(\vect{t})$ with $f\in Lex$, $\vect{s}(\succ_{rpo})_{lex} \vect{t}$, and $\forall v\in\vect{t},~s\succ_{rpo} v$. By inner induction, $\vect{t}$ is strongly normalizing, and by outer induction, so is $f(\vect{t})=t$. The well-foundedness of $\gtrpo$ follows from computability property (vii). The General Schema and Computability {#s:closure} ==================================== As in the previous section, we assume that the set of function symbols is equipped with a precedence relation $\geF$ and a status function $stat$. \[d:closure\] The computability closure $\CS(t=f(\vect{t}))$, with $f\!\in\!\F$, is the set $\CS(t,\emptyset)$, s.t. $\CS(t,{\cal V})$, with ${\cal V}\cap\Var{t}=\emptyset$, is the smallest set of typable terms containing all variables in ${\cal V}$ and terms in $\vect{t}$, closed under: 1. \[csubterm\] subterm of basic type: let $s\in\CS(t,{\cal V})$, and $u$ be a subterm of $s$ of basic type $\sigma$ such that $\Var{u}\subseteq \Var{t}$; then $u\in\CS(t,{\cal V})$; 2. \[cprecedence\] precedence: let $f\gtF g$, and $\vect{s}\in\CS(t,{\cal V})$; then $g(\vect{s})\in\CS(t,{\cal V})$; 3. \[crecursive\] recursive call: let $f(\vect{s})$ be a term such that terms in $\vect{s}$ belong to $\CS(t,{\cal V})$ and $\vect{t} (\lrps{}{\beta}\cup\gtsubt)_{stat_f} \vect{s}$; then $g(\vect{s})\in\CS(t,{\cal V})$ for every $g =_\F f$; 4. \[capplication\] application: let $s : \sigma_1\ra\ldots\ra\sigma_n\ra\sigma\in\CS(t,{\cal V})$ and $u_i:\sigma_i \in\CS(t,{\cal V})$ for every $i\in[1..n]$; then $@(s,u_1,\ldots,u_n)\in\CS(t,{\cal V})$; 5. \[cabstraction\] abstraction: let $s\in\CS(t,{\cal V}\cup\{x\})$ for some $x\notin\Var{t}\cup{\cal V}$; then $\lambda x . s \in\CS(t,{\cal V})$; 6. \[creduction\] reduction: let $u \in \CS(t,{\cal V})$, and $u\lrps{}{\beta\cup\gtsubt} v$; then $v\in \CS(t,{\cal V})$. We say that a rewrite system $R$ satisfies the general schema iff $$\mbox{$r\in\CS(f(\vect{l}))$ for all $f(\vect{l})\ra r\in R$}$$ We now consider computability with respect to the rewrite relation $\lrps{}{R}\cup\lrps{}{\beta}$, and add the computability property (vii) whose proof can be easily adapted from the previous one. We can then add a new case in Tait’s Main Lemma, for terms headed by an algebraic function symbol. As a
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27, 2417, 187, 10619, 346, 510, 3295, 6222, 273, 634, 313, 21423, 10, 5724, 449, 187, 10653, 4890, 187, 187, 10326, 28222, 4658, 72, 11548, 5397, 16 ]	ctxt "text-direction" msgid "From left to right" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1788 msgctxt "text-direction" msgid "From right to left" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1789 msgctxt "text-direction" msgid "Vertical, right to left (mixed orientation)" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1790 msgctxt "text-direction" msgid "Vertical, right to left (upright orientation)" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1791 msgctxt "text-direction" msgid "Vertical, left to right (mixed orientation)" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1792 msgctxt "text-direction" msgid "Vertical, left to right (upright orientation)" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1823 #, fuzzy msgctxt "text-hint-style" msgid "None" msgstr "קײנע" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1824 msgctxt "text-hint-style" msgid "Slight" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1825 msgctxt "text-hint-style" msgid "Medium" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1826 msgctxt "text-hint-style" msgid "Full" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1857 msgctxt "text-justification" msgid "Left justified" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1858 msgctxt "text-justification" msgid "Right justified" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1859 msgctxt "text-justification" msgid "Centered" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1860 msgctxt "text-justification" msgid "Filled" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1890 msgctxt "transfer-mode" msgid "Shadows" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1891 msgctxt "transfer-mode" msgid "Midtones" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1892 msgctxt "transfer-mode" msgid "Highlights" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1921 msgctxt "transform-direction" msgid "Normal (Forward)" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1922 msgctxt "transform-direction" msgid "Corrective (Backward)" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1953 msgctxt "transform-resize" msgid "Adjust" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1954 msgctxt "transform-resize" msgid "Clip" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1955 msgctxt "transform-resize" msgid "Crop to result" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1956 msgctxt "transform-resize" msgid "Crop with aspect" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpmetadata.c:951 #, c-format msgid "Can load metadata only from local files" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpmetadata.c:965 ../libgimpbase/gimpmetadata.c:1035 #, c-format msgid "Conversion of the filename to system codepage failed." msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpmetadata.c:1022 #, c-format msgid "Can save metadata only to local files" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpmetadata.c:1084 #, c-format msgid "Invalid Exif data size." msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpmetadata.c:1113 #, c-format msgid "Parsing Exif data failed." msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpmetadata.c:1163 #, c-format msgid "Parsing IPTC data failed." msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpmetadata.c:1211 #, c-format msgid "Parsing XMP data failed." msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimputils.c:219 ../libgimpbase/gimputils.c:224 msgid "(invalid UTF-8 string)" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimputils.c:394 msgid "File path is NULL" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimputils.c:403 ../libgimpbase/gimputils.c:414 msgid "Error converting UTF-8 filename to wide char" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimputils.c:422 msgid "ILCreateFromPath() failed" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimputils.c:459 #, c-format msgid "Cannot convert '%s' into a valid NSURL." msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimputils.c:487 msgid "Connecting to org.freedesktop.FileManager1 failed: " msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimputils.c:511 msgid "Calling ShowItems failed: " msgstr "" #: ../libgimpcolor/gimpcolorprofile.c:258 #, c-format msgid "'%s' does not appear to be an ICC color profile" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpcolor/gimpcolorprofile.c:304 msgid "Data does not appear to be an ICC color profile" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpcolor/gimpcolorprofile.c:361 msgid "Could not save color profile to memory" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpcolor/gimpcolorprofile.c:578 msgid "(unnamed profile)" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpcolor/gimpcolorprofile.c:620 #, c-format msgid "Model: %s" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpcolor/gimpcolorprofile.c:629 #, c-format msgid "Manufacturer: %s" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpcolor/gimpcolorprofile.c:638 #, c-format msgid "Copyright: %s" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpconfig/gimpconfigenums.c:24 msgctxt "color-management-mode" msgid "No color management" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpconfig/gimpconfigenums.c:25 msgctxt "color-management-mode" msgid "Color-managed display" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpconfig/gimpconfigenums.c:26 msgctxt "color-management-mode" msgid "Soft-proofing" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpconfig/gimpconfigenums.c:57 msgctxt "color-rendering-intent" msgid "Perceptual" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpconfig/gimpconfigenums.c:58 msgctxt "color-rendering-intent" msgid "Relative colorimetric" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpconfig/gimpconfigenums.c:59 msgctxt "color-rendering-intent" msgid "Saturation" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpconfig/gimpconfigenums.c:60 msgctxt "color-rendering-intent" msgid "Absolute colorimetric" msgstr "" #. * #. * SECTION: gimpcolorconfig #. * @title: GimpColorConfig #. * @short_description: Color management settings. #. * #. * Color management settings. #. * #: ../libgimpconfig/gimpcolorconfig.c:52 msgid "How images are displayed on screen." msgstr "" #: ../libgimpconfig/gimpcolorconfig.c:55 msgid "The color profile of your (primary) monitor." msgstr "" #: ../libgimpconfig/
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14, 48791, 313, 4883, 10, 4324, 403, 1929, 281, 40195, 7601, 4324, 2424, 323, 35229, 9953, 390, 2380, 9130, 2393, 275, 5066, 1254, 35, 1166, 14, 13101, 14, 2904, 14, 11494, 1166, 29547, 824, 2425, 4419, 253, 4702, 273, 247, 6640, 14, 12534, 9579, 800, 2570, 327, 253, 22116, 275, 247, 13227, 33636, 7601, 5223, 263, 313, 3788, 28259, 4587, 6820, 5133, 1254, 35, 1166, 14, 13101, 14, 2904, 14, 11494, 1166, 1656, 733, 3133, 2590, 326, 253, 3167, 894, 22116, 403, 247, 2234, 2303, 273, 34392, 2250, 13, 5185, 342, 776, 3332, 1304, 48447, 326, 34392, 5066, 14757, 247, 35035, 44461, 273, 22116, 29747, 342, 25047, 13227, 37742, 285, 8655, 26301, 38528, 3275, 275, 329, 25469, 1966, 34011, 13923, 1341, 1254, 35, 746, 14, 13101, 14, 2904, 14, 11494, 1166, 29547, 326, 841, 2538, 327, 22116, 7278, 9907, 19556, 1254, 35, 1166, 14, 13101, 14, 2904, 14, 11494, 1166, 2947, 35, 746, 14, 13101, 14, 2904, 14, 11494, 1166, 1184, 2007, 8525, 253, 2934, 326, 3167, 894, 22116, 403, 247, 2234, 2303, 273, 34392, 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1254, 35, 746, 14, 13101, 14, 2904, 14, 11494, 1166, 1184, 285, 2708, 481, 187, 187, 510, 1263, 1060, 4648, 36225, 19630, 53, 1341, 16, 19395, 13335, 10445, 347, 253, 18023, 1566, 281, 5100, 253, 2234, 2554, 273, 24154, 309, 275, 253, 3486, 273, 34392, 5066, 327, 13227, 1159, 15, 844, 921, 326, 34392, 5066, 7052, 16274, 13227, 11900, 1159, 13, 4283, 281, 10702, 26301, 38528, 3275, 13, 285, 326, 253, 26301, 38528, 660, 7603, 1063, 13, 353, 7067, 50, 13, 275, 8493, 26301, 38528, 275, 9813, 1341, 13, 476, 1421, 281, 3777, 34392, 14970, 285, 6581, 3275, 15, 831, 8495, 84, 9670, 342, 776, 2045, 1263, 1254, 35, 746, 14, 13101, 14, 2904, 14, 11494, 1166, 5413, 970, 625, 13424, 3210, 273, 34392, 5066, 13, 1690, 329, 25469, 1966, 34011, 13923, 1341, 285, 3625, 1966, 13605, 4635, 6062, 13923, 1341, 13, 835, 34392, 5066, 7052, 1305, 16443, 13227, 11900, 1159, 285, 6478, 684, 26301, 38528, 2308, 13, 534, 476, 320, 14415, 342, 353, 7067, 50, 15, 844, 671, 921, 326, 353, 7067, 50, 24696, 1411, 34392, 1060, 13, 1014, 672, 2879, 3387, 288, 1501, 14, 30295, 2470, 2841, 721, 1084, 13101, 14, 2904, 14, 11494, 1166, 14, 71, 7174, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 9471, 27594, 326, 353, 7067, 50, 476, 320, 3576, 275, 8493, 253, 9907, 3301, 13, 1014, 275, 271, 4232, 34392, 5066, 15, 844, 452, 3786 ]	3-cells-08-01417} --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The data above clearly implies a causative role for mtROS in facilitating RSV infectious virus production. To test this formally, we decided to test whether blocking mtROS generation during RSV infection could limit RSV infection, as previously done, using the mtROS scavenger MitoQ \[[@B19-cells-08-01417]\]. Wild-type and KO cells were infected with RSV (MOI 1) and then treated with MitoQ at different times p.i., prior to cell lysis and subsequent quantitation of viral replication (qPCR) and infectious virus production (plaque assay) ([Figure 5](#cells-08-01417-f005){ref-type="fig"}). Results were unequivocal, showing significant (p \< 0.001) reduction of both viral replication and infectious virus production in both wild-type and KO cells in the presence of MitoQ. Treatment with MitoQ from 8 h p.i. had essentially the same effect in both lines, leading to \>10- and \>100-fold lower levels of RSV genomes and infectious virus titer, respectively ([Figure 5](#cells-08-01417-f005){ref-type="fig"}A,B). MitoQ treatment from 18 h had a less profound effect, but still significantly (p \< 0.001) reduced RSV genomes and the infectious virus titer by \~2- and almost 100-fold, respectively ([Figure 5](#cells-08-01417-f005){ref-type="fig"}A,B). As already indicated, HEK293T cells are an accepted infectious model for RSV \[[@B26-cells-08-01417],[@B27-cells-08-01417],[@B28-cells-08-01417]\]; our previous work with cells of the A549 human alveolar epithelial line, as well as primary human bronchiolar epithelial cells, indicated clear effects of RSV infection on mitochondrial respiratory activity and mtROS production \[[@B19-cells-08-01417]\], closely paralleling those observed here for HEK293T cells. We were keen to establish the relevance of the results here to other models of infection, such as A549 cells, with respect to protection by MitoQ against infection, over a longer, more physiological course of infection. We infected A549 with RSV for up to 8, 12, 24, and 48 h and added MitoQ for the last 8 h in each case ([Figure 6](#cells-08-01417-f006){ref-type="fig"}). The results show that an 8 h addition of MitoQ is able to significantly (p \< 0.001) suppress RSV replication ([Figure 6](#cells-08-01417-f006){ref-type="fig"}A) and infectious virus production ([Figure 6](#cells-08-01417-f006){ref-type="fig"}B), even at late stages of infection (i.e., 40 h p.i.); strikingly, 8 h treatment with MitoQ 40 h p.i. could still reduce infectious virus production almost 100-fold. To confirm that MitoQ's effects in this context are not through impacting cell viability, we assessed the release of the cytosolic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) into the culture medium, indicative of cell death ([Figure A1](#cells-08-01417-f0A1){ref-type="fig"} in [Appendix A](#app2-cells-08-01417){ref-type="app"}). None of the MitoQ concentrations used significantly increased LDH release compared to that of controls in either the absence or presence of RSV infection, confirming that MitoQ is not cytotoxic; this is entirely consistent with other studies \[[@B19-cells-08-01417]\], with toxicity also shown to be absent in animal models and humans \[[@B34-cells-08-01417],[@B35-cells-08-01417],[@B36-cells-08-01417],[@B37-cells-08-01417],[@B38-cells-08-01417]\]. Overall, the results underline the relevance of the results here, with respect to the key role of mitochondrial Complex I in RSV infection to the development of anti-RSV therapies, with MitoQ of great potential as a viable option to treat established RSV infection (see Discussion). 4. Discussion {#sec4-cells-08-01417} ============= This is the first study to use KO cells to establish the importance of mitochondrial complex I in RSV infection. Deficiency of either of the specific complex I proteins, NDUFA10 and NDUFB10, that are integral to electron transport and Complex I assembly \[[@B21-cells-08-01417],[@B39-cells-08-01417],[@B40-cells-08-01417]\] results in elevated mtROS levels, compared to wild type ([Figure 4](#cells-08-01417-f004){ref-type="fig"}), and enhanced virus production ([Figure 3](#cells-08-01417-f003){ref-type="fig"}B). This is in stark contrast to the knock-out of other mitochondrial proteins, such as non-complex I protein TMEM261 or complex I component NDUFB4, which has more peripheral roles in super complex formation \[[@B31-cells-08-01417],[@B32-cells-08-01417],[@B41-cells-08-01417]\]; in these cases, lack of expression does not impact mtROS levels ([Figure 4](#cells-08-01417-f004){ref-type="fig"}), and RSV virus production is essentially normal ([Figure 3](#cells-08-01417-f003){ref-type="fig"}B). It is significant in this context that NDUFB10 deficiency has previously been associated with increased mtROS and compromised mitochondrial respiration \[[@B31-cells-08-01417],[@B42-cells-08-01417]\], while mutations in NDUFA10 have been found in mitochondrial disorders, such as Leigh disease \[[@B41-cells-08-01417],[@B42-cells-08-01417],[@B43-cells-08-01417]\]. Future studies could include studying viral growth kinetics in Complex I KO cells to elucidate the precise mechanism by which reduced mtROS favors RSV virus production. It is known that RSV infection interferes with many key cellular functions, but many of these appear to relate, as in the present study, to host cell mitochondria. Unbiased proteomic studies in RSV-infected cells, for example, reveal a large-scale impact on the abundance of a number of mitochondrial proteins, including complex I proteins, as well as voltage-dependent anion channel proteins, mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes, and the prohibitin subunits that play roles in regulating mitochondrial morphology, distribution, and biogenesis \[[@B44-cells-08-01417],[@B45-cells-08-01417],[@B46-cells-08-01417]\]. RSV's non-structural (NS) proteins are known to degrade signaling proteins required for interferon induction or response pathways early in infection \[[@B17-cells-08-01417]\]; such activity requires the formation of a NS-associated degradative complex on the mitochondria in a mitochondrial antiviral signaling adaptor (MAVS)-dependent manner \[[@B17-cells-08-01417]\]. It seems clear that the host cell mitochondria are a key target of RSV action, consistent with our recent report documenting that RSV infection induces a staged redistribution of mitochondria concomitant with compromised mitochondrial respiration and enhanced mtROS production in A549 human alveolar epithelial cells \[[@B19-cells-08-01417]\]; that these effects on mitochondria enhance viral pathogenesis \[[@B17-cells-08-01417],[@B19-cells-08-01417]\] further supports the idea that host cell mitochondria are a key target of RSV action. Our results here indicate for the first time that mitochondrial Complex I is central to this and the effects on decreased mitochondrial respiration and enhanced mtROS levels in particular \[[@B19-cells-08-01417]\]; that reduced Complex I activity leading to decreased mitochondrial respiration and increased mtROS favors RSV infection implicates Complex I as a key target of RSV in infected cells (see model in [Figure 7](#cells-08-01417-f007){ref-type="fig"}), making Complex I a potential therapeutic target for anti-RSV intervention strategies. Importantly in this context, the mtROS scavenger, MitoQ, can limit RSV infection, even in complex I-deficient cells ([Figure 5](#cells-08-01417-f005){ref-type="fig"}), confirming MitoQ's utility as a viable therapeutic to combat RSV in the future (see also \[[@B19-cells-08-01417]\] and below). The study here uses HEK293T cells/KO derivatives thereof as the infectious model to establish the key role of Complex I in the impact of RSV infection on mitochondrial function. We show that RSV infection strongly impacts mitochondrial respiratory function, leading to elevated mtROS production, and that the mtROS scavenger, MitoQ, in reducing mtROS in infected cells, can lead to reduced RSV replication and virus production. This aligns perfectly with our previous study \[[@B19-cells-08-01417]\], using more physiological models of RSV infection, including A549 human alveolar epithelial cells and primary human bronchiolar epithelial cells, where RSV infection strongly depresses mitochondrial respiratory function and elevates mtROS levels, which can be prevented with MitoQ. We also show that MitoQ protects against RSV here, even when added 40 h post-infection ([Figure 6](#cells-08-01417-f006){ref-type="fig"}), implying that MitoQ can be effective in reducing the viral load, even in an established RSV infection. We have previously
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16216, 513, 12888, 1163, 49, 187, 29, 1432, 2225, 348, 31, 4754, 368, 476, 187, 29, 303, 1288, 7541, 31, 1308, 67, 187, 29, 41, 46924, 31, 29168, 2225, 348, 27, 642, 365, 187, 29, 41, 46924, 31, 835, 651, 253, 794, 275, 326, 320, 32, 187, 29, 1432, 2225, 348, 31, 388, 46924, 27, 858, 368, 755, 271, 4579, 432, 8166, 75, 825, 7004, 368, 281, 32, 9418, 187, 29, 41, 46924, 31, 29168, 2225, 348, 27, 4754, 187, 29, 1432, 2225, 348, 31, 7126, 2391, 187, 11, 29168, 2225, 348, 1904, 626, 9418, 187, 11, 388, 46924, 12830, 253, 3579, 6409, 13, 840, 15, 187, 29, 1432, 2225, 348, 31, 352, 434, 9670, 34557, 13, 309, 1053, 626, 2564, 368, 2509, 253, 4572, 187, 29, 14836, 36795, 31, 246, 2421, 90, 33858, 601, 27, 16790, 1024, 634, 1029, 1255, 187, 29, 1299, 12502, 33858, 601, 31, 270, 69, 36795, 27, 23385, 13, 13103, 187, 29 ]	<bddebian> Sure, give me a minute <bddebian> Shit, is revu down? <tonyyarusso> yes <bddebian> grr <tonyyarusso> grr indeedy <bddebian> Heya Hobbsee <LaserJock> tonyyarusso: dude it's still buiding <tonyyarusso> LaserJock: Ah! nvm me then :) * tonyyarusso falsely assumes all of you cool people have magical machines that build in five minutes or less...or something <bddebian> heh, I wish <Hobbsee> heya bddebian <ajmitch> tonyyarusso: you're funny <tonyyarusso> :) <Hobbsee> tonyyarusso: i wish <Hobbsee> tonyyarusso: although it does help to be able to ssh to fast machines. <tonyyarusso> Hobbsee: yeah <ajmitch> Hobbsee: you mean your laptop still isn't fast enough? <Hobbsee> ajmitch: other machines are faster. shrugs <Hobbsee> ajmitch: it's more the fact that it doesnt have a local mirror. <Hobbsee> ajmitch: so i dont have to wait ages for things to download * ajmitch doesn't have anywhere fast to build <bddebian> Well wtf.. <Hobbsee> ajmitch: aurora's not too bad, either. <ajmitch> faster connectivity than what I have <imbrandon> gah i need to make some more cash this month to get my home "network+mirror" back running <imbrandon> and get of my lazy bum and redo my website <ajmitch> heh <ajmitch> find a real job? :) <imbrandon> :) <Hobbsee> heh :) <Hobbsee> imbrandon: were you coming to boston, btw? <imbrandon> Hobbsee: most likely <Hobbsee> awww <Hobbsee> pity <imbrandon> ? * imbrandon feels loved <ajmitch> haha <imbrandon> :) <imbrandon> trying to get my wife into FL/OSS too <imbrandon> hehe <ajmitch> good luck with that <imbrandon> she actualy is kinda, in that she dosent use anything else but i mean contributing too <Hobbsee> bah. someone has good planning <Hobbsee> the linux thingy on today is when half of the second year comp students have their mandatory tutes. <Hobbsee> when that's a group that htey're targetting <LaserJock> tonyyarusso: argg, I don't think I have time to finish kompozer , it looks good to me <Hobbsee> LaserJock: you suck. <Hobbsee> LaserJock: that is all. <LaserJock> :p <Hobbsee> ajmitch: you suck more. <LaserJock> I'll be back <Hobbsee> hahahahahaha <Hobbsee> coward. <tonyyarusso> heh <tonyyarusso> Well, that's what, a + 1/2 ? <imbrandon> hrm anyone ever made a homebrew computer ? <imbrandon> seems like there is sparce info on it <imbrandon> only from the early 80's <StevenK> What do you mean homebrew? <imbrandon> like 8088 / z80 / 8086 breadboard comp <StevenK> At this point, people seem more concerned with stuffing Pentium III's into z80 boxes <imbrandon> heh , i stuffed a c7 into a c64 box :) <StevenK> c7 <StevenK> Gah <StevenK> c7's don't count. :-P <imbrandon> although a 6502 from a c64 or a apple 1 would be a cool homebrew too <tonyyarusso> bddebian: how's your build coming? <guest22> Hi. Can someone explain why revu.tauware.de is down again? * tonyyarusso is selling a C64-SX <tonyyarusso> guest22: I don't think anyone knows yet. <Hobbsee> tonyyarusso: siretart might be doing the machine change over today <imbrandon> -sx ? <tonyyarusso> Hobbsee: ooh, that would make sense <tonyyarusso> imbrandon: portable <imbrandon> how much ? <StevenK> "Portable" you say <tonyyarusso> imbrandon: http://minneapolis.craigslist.org/sys/406011461.html <imbrandon> c64 were pretty protable anyhow <StevenK> What does protable mean? * StevenK hides <tonyyarusso> Althought the link on the posting seems down :( <tonyyarusso> imbrandon: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodore_SX-64 for a pic <imbrandon> ahh craigs list , i love craigs list <imbrandon> tonyyarusso: yea i rember it now <tonyyarusso> The keyboard snaps on as a cover over the monitor on the front of the computer, and the prop leg serves as a carrying handle. <StevenK> 10KGs?! <bddebian> tonyyarusso: I still can't get on REVU <imbrandon> if not more <StevenK> That's not so much portable. <imbrandon> tonyyarusso: i wouldent mind buying it but thats too much of a premium for me, if it dosent sell hit me up <tonyyarusso> bddebian: Nor can anyone else. LaserJock was just working from http://www.tonyyarusso.com/kompozer/ manually. <tonyyarusso> imbrandon: We haven't had a response yet, so you could just make an offer (use the cl link - it's my dad) * StevenK teaches bddebian to read scrollback. <imbrandon> k <imbrandon> i will this evening, i'm lazy and dont wanna open gmail atm heheh <imbrandon> but i got it bookmarked <tonyyarusso> lol, that is lazy <imbrandon> StevenK: and btw the c7 was 1.5GHZ ;) <StevenK> imbrandon: You want to use the SX as a desktop? :-P <imbrandon> hahaha well i do have a c64 2400 baud modem <imbrandon> i used to get on bbs's with * tonyyarusso wonders how much work it would take to get Linux running on it <imbrandon> tonyyarusso: one floppy <imbrandon> there is a c64 linux distro <tonyyarusso> imbrandon: Someone's done that port? <tonyyarusso> sweet <imbrandon> LUnix <tonyyarusso> fun <imbrandon> LNG is an operationg system primarly for the good old Commodore64 home-computer. There also is a native version for the successor Commodore128. Ports to other 6502/6510 driven 8Bit Computers are possible but not yet started. LUnix started in 1993 and reached the internet in 1994. In 1997 LUnix0.1 was rewritten from scratch, the result is LNG. <imbrandon> http://lng.sourceforge.net/ <bddebian> Sorry I'm only half pay attention. I'll check it out in a bit <imbrandon> apple 1's were 6502 proc along with others of the time <ajmitch> Hobbsee: cruelty <Hobbsee> ajmitch: warranted, though. <tonyyarusso> bddebian: a short bit would be best, since we want to close up for NPFU, and this is the last one. <ajmitch> Hobbsee: not at all <Hobbsee> ajmitch: but i cant do interviews :P <ajmitch> yes you can <imbrandon> brb <Hobbsee> ajmitch: nope <Hobbsee> where would the fun in that be? <ajmitch> Hobbsee: did you get an email from laserjock asking you to? :) <Hobbsee> ajmitch: yes <ajmitch> excellent.... * ajmitch didn't :) * Hobbsee hits the forward button, then. <ajmitch> it's perfectly alright, I don't mind you doing the interview <bddebian> tonyyarusso: Building now your highness <tonyyarusso> bddebian: lol, awesome <
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1659, 281, 1691, 436, 1953, 390, 3091, 309, 452, 281, 1691, 352, 281, 209, 187, 3614, 1358, 9742, 28047, 15, 681, 16, 390, 667, 643, 2670, 7939, 281, 8031, 27745, 15, 1292, 667, 5430, 352, 310, 1077, 1774, 323, 479, 281, 871, 253, 3662, 15, 187, 8457, 581, 21205, 1304, 479, 670, 253, 5066, 273, 500, 7267, 14 ]	is hard to categorize in both content and form, and that is a very good thing. One could say Jer3miah is more intimate with things Mormon than more official Mormon productions. For example, inherent in Mormonism is a deep-seated sense of history and a connectedness to past and future generations. The dramatic translation of those concepts within Jer3miah is cliff-hanging events that turn on genealogical information and on strange visitors invoking the ancient Nephite setting of the Book of Mormon. Like the embattled hosts within the more epic portions of the Mormon bible, Jeremiah finds himself facing secret combinations of evil. Yet Jer3miah has a more contemporary vibe than the costume drama Mormon mini-epics based on scripture. This is hosted on Vimeo and YouTube, and it channels the youth culture of the net generation. The prankster roommates and high-tech surveillance criss cross with Mormon folklore and scripture in a hybrid bound to simultaneously upset and spellbind various audiences. But the through-line for the series is character, and this gives the series authenticity despite its obviously experimental nature. Jeremiah must resolve his aching need for an orienting identity. Ironically, that is what Mormonism is all about. Latter-day Saints claim an eternal identity; however, the media productions of Mormonism are seldom about feeling all the more lost and endangered for having a spiritual and eternal identity. This series sits on the edge of Mormonism, taking its ideas of eternal progression and individual mission so seriously that the stakes are realized in human terms, with evil as present and potent a reality as God. The protagonist of Jer3miah fights with his heritage and destiny--almost as though he is director Jeff Parkin's doppleganger. Parkin (pictured here), a popular and outspoken film professor at Brigham Young University, has called for more authenticity in Mormon storytelling (see his February 2009 university-wide lecture,“Story and Authentic Messengers: Meditations on Film, Originality and Poisonous Art") . Jer3miah is Parkin's proof of concept. The series has made waves among Latter-day Saints precisely because he has chosen to make Mormonism central to the storytelling: LDS youth really do feel a sense of destiny, they really hear and follow spiritual promptings, and they really do get in trouble in the process. Following God is displayed as a dangerous prospect in Jer3miah; not because religion is a fraud, but precisely because it isn't. I have heard people preach that discipleship is an adventure, but the idea takes on a whole new dimension when Jeremiah--held hostage at gunpoint--must choose between his girlfriend's life and breaking a sacred oath. Believe me, atheists and anti-Mormons will hang on for the resolution of any of the series' many cliffhangers like this. Parkin's creation swims upstream against the well-established modes of Mormon media, but there is a confidence to the production, a palpable enthusiam echoed in the fanbase and the ancillary media filling out the series folklore. Not all of this will succeed, but more than enough already has. Parkin is testing the adequacy of new media for cinematic storytelling and for his own religion. It is a brave series for all of that, with good omens for coming seasons. Comments This is a smart analysis of the Jer3miah series. I wonder what your impressions are of how technology is used in the Jer3miah narrative? While for the most part it is the bad guys that use smart phones, bluetooths, satellite imagining, and high-tech computers to advance their evil, there is a moment in episode 4 where Jeremiah gets a text message to his cell phone that is a message from God (or at least a message that God wants Jer3miah to hear)telling him he needs to essentially work to become trustworthy again to get the box back. I can't think of any other LDS examples of God communicating to man through text messaging. If there are some it is probably done in gist, but Jer3miah does it in all seriousness. Also, Jeremiah is often instructed and inspired to keep a record of his personal history, much like the people in the Book of Mormon, only with Jeremiah it is with a modern digital video camcorder. I bring this up because you are the first person I have seen that has really touched on Jer3miah's obvious and important ties to technology both in distribution and content and I was wondering what your extended thoughts on it were. Very good analysis of the show. I've kept up with the Buzz surrounding Jer3miah, and it's refreshing to read an editorial that doesn't merely state what the show "tries to be," but actually gives an insightful, and--from what I can tell--accurate explanation of what the show actually does. The show is definitely experimental, as you observed, not only in the way it delivers a Mormon Story, but the means by which it delivers the story, through a website, as well as with a parallel Alternate Reality Game that adds depth to the characters; and to the mystery. It's truly an innovative endeavor, and though not all of it's reviews are positive, one must, at least, acknowledge all that it has accomplished. It's been a tremendous effort, not only by Jeff Parkin, but the other faculty and students that worked so diligently to pull off the production demands of a weekly web-based show. Yes - great post! This is a great series and an incredible endeavor. I enjoyed the way you paralleled the series with the reality of living Church doctrine. I also loved the idea of following promptings and working our way through life as being an adventure. Jeff, Jared, and everyone have helped tell a great story with a Mormon essence. It's been a treat to see everything unfold.Survival and histological resolution of fibrosis in patients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. Survival and long-term clinical and histological outcome were assessed retrospectively in 33 patients treated for autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. The Mayo Clinic treatment criteria were met by 30 of 33 patients and histological signs indicating nodular fibrosis and/or cirrhosis were present in 16 of 33 (48%). An overall 10-year survival rate of 90% was found by life-table analysis. This was not significantly different from matched controls (92%). Paired liver biopsies revealed that 16 of 28 (57%) patients improved their fibrosis/cirrhosis category whereas none progressed in a follow-up biopsy performed a median of 49 months later. Furthermore, liver biopsy showed improvement in 9 of 14 patients with initial nodular fibrosis/cirrhosis and resolution of nodulation. When a semi-quantitative scoring system was applied, the median fibrosis score improved significantly. A key factor intervening in the progression of fibrosis seemed to be the reduction of inflammatory activity as a result of immunosuppressive treatment. We conclude that fibrosis may be resolved in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis following protracted and effective treatment which is initiated early in the course of the disease.Platypnoea-orthodeoxia syndrome post laparoscopic surgery in a patient with a patent foramen ovale. Platypnoea-orthodeoxia syndrome has the pathognomonic clinical findings of dyspnoea and arterial hypoxaemia relieved by recumbency. We report on a patient who presented with platypnoea-orthodeoxia syndrome post laparoscopic surgery. Platypnoea-orthodeoxia syndrome is an important diagnosis to consider when investigating hypoxia without an obvious cause.Film roll accumulating devices for forming a filmstrip into a film roll are typically used in the film take-up chamber of a camera or in a film cassette. As discussed in prior art U.S. Pat. No. 3,057,573, patented Oct. 9, 1962, it is desirable for the film take-up chamber of a camera to be expandable to accommodate enlargement of the film roll as additional film is fed into the take-up chamber. Similarly, it is desirable for the supply chamber of a film cassette to be expandable to accommodate enlargement of the film roll as additional film is fed into the supply chamber. Prior art U.S. Pat. No. 3,718,301, patented Feb. 27, 1973, discloses a film cassette in which an arcuate pressure shoe is slidably mounted in the cassette housing, and a spring urges the pressure shoe toward a front cover of the cassette housing. When the cartridge housing does not contain any film, the arcuate pressure shoe is relatively close to the front cover. When a filmstrip is first fed into the cartridge housing, the arcuate pressure shoe guides the filmstrip into a film roll having a small inside diameter. The pressure shoe is forced backwardly against the urging of the spring as the outside diameter of the film roll is increased by further feeding the filmstrip into the cartridge housing. Thus, the centerpoint or the center axis of the film roll shifts to accommodate enlargement of the film roll.Q: Can my asp.net dll's or pages can be affected by virus living in my pc Just curious to know that if my PC is infected with a Trojan or any other virus, is it possible that my website will be infected along with that I have made up in asp.net with visual studio 2008. I am not sure that it is the right place to put this question or shall I have to put it to https://stackapps.com/ or any other site linked to stackoverflow. But anyhow it is very important for me to know the answer. Because one gentleman report me about the infection of Jquery-
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1372, 1556, 7400, 37401, 2697, 1703, 13, 795, 8403, 376, 64, 3877, 740, 13, 387, 3285, 15, 1623, 2820, 281, 1973 ]	James Bradley Thayer, _The Origin and Scope of the American Doctrine of Constitutional Law_ , 7 HARV. L. REV. 129 (1893); West Virginia State Bd. of Educ. v. Barnette, 319 U.S. 624, 670 (1943) (Frankfurter, J., dissenting); BICKEL, LEAST DANGEROUS BRANCH, _supra_ note 49, at 16. _Cf._ Michael Stokes Paulsen, _Does the Constitution Prescribe Rules for Its Own Interpretation?_ , 103 NW. U. L. REV. 857 (2009). RICHARD A. POSNER, LAW, PRAGMATISM AND DEMOCRACY 234–47 (Harvard Univ. Press 2003). _See_ Gottlieb, _Compelling Governmental Interests_ , _supra_ note 68. _Compare_ Bobbitt, _Constitutional Fate_ , _supra_ note 21, 58 TEX L. REV. at 726–50 _with_ Gottlieb, _Compelling Governmental Interests_ , _supra_ note 68. _See also_ POWELL, MORAL TRADITION, _supra_ note 11, at 182–292; Robin L. West, _Are There Nothing but Texts in this Class? Interpreting the Interpretive Turns in Legal Thought_ , 76 CHI-KENT L. REV. 1125 (2000); Robin West, _Progressive and Conservative Constitutionalism_ , 88 MICH. L. REV. 641 (1990). FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE, THUS SPOKE ZARATHUSTRA (Barnes & Noble Classics 2007) (1883–1885). See San Antonio Indep. Sch. Dist. v. Rodriguez, 411 U.S. 1, 49–50 (1973). _See, e.g._ , Clarence Thomas, _The Higher Law Background of the Privileges or Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment_ , 12 HARV. J. L. & PUB. POL'Y 63 (1989). WOOD, CREATION OF THE AMERICAN REPUBLIC, _supra_ note 46, at 24–25, 167–68. _See_ Locke, SECOND TREATISE, _supra_ note 34. Michael H. v. Gerald D., 491 U.S. 110, 163n (1989). _See_ POWELL, MORAL TRADITION, _supra_ note 11 at 182–292. _See_ Feinberg, _Civil Disobedience_ , _supra_ note 33, 2 HUMAN. IN SOC'Y at 45–58; _but see_ William Van Alstyne, _Clashing Visions of a "Living" Constitution: Of Opportunists and Obligationists_ , 2010–11 CATO SUP. CT. REV. 13. On the source of moral obligations, _see_ DAVID HUME, AN ENQUIRY CONCERNING THE PRINCIPLES OF MORALS 125–36 (1751) (Open Court Pub. Co. 1966). _See also_ James E. Fleming, _Living Originalism and Living Constitutionalism as Moral Readings of the American Constitution_ , 92 B.U. L. REV. 1171 (2012). Moore v. East Cleveland, 431 U.S. 494, 503 (1977). _Compare_ Exxon Shipping Co. v. Baker, 554 U.S. 471 (2008) _with id._ at 515 (Scalia, J., concurring), _and_ Pac. Mut. Life Ins. Co. v. Haslip, 499 U.S. 1, 25 (1991) (Scalia, J., concurring in the judgment). Dep't of Revenue v. Davis, 553 U.S. 328 (2008); United Haulers Ass'n v. Oneida-Herkimer Solid Waste Mgmt. Auth., 550 U.S. 330, 344, 342 (2007); Edmonson v. Leesville Concrete Co., 500 U.S. 614 (1991). Pac. Mut. Life Ins. Co. v. Haslip, 499 U.S. 1, 25 (1991) (Scalia, J., concurring in the judgment). Souter in Washington v. Glucksberg, 521 U.S. 702, 766 (1997) (Souter, J., concurring). Bobbitt, _Constitutional Fate_ , _supra_ note 21, 58 TEX L. REV. at 726. See Lawrence B. Solum, _The Unity of Interpretation_ , 90 B.U. L. REV. 551, 567–78 (2010); Andrew B. Coan, _The Irrelevance of Writtenness in Constitutional Interpretation_ , 158 U. PA. L. REV. 1025 (2010). Coan, _The Irrelevance of Writtenness_ , _supra_ note 90, 158 U. PA. L. REV. at 1090. _See_ Ran Hirschl, _The New Constitutionalism and the Judicialization of Pure Politics Worldwide_ , 75 FORDHAM L. REV. 721, 752 (2006); Richard Albert, _Why Judicial Review: A Preliminary Typology of Scholarly Arguments_ , INT'L J. CONST. L. BLOG, Mar. 25, 2013, http://www.iconnectblog.com/2013/03/why-judicial-review. _See_ Bond v. United States, 131 S. Ct. 2355, 2367 (2011); Alden v. Maine, 527 U.S. 706, 736 (1999); _and compare_ Nat'l League of Cities v. Usery, 426 U.S. 833 (1976) _with_ Garcia v. San Antonio Metro. Transit Auth., 469 U.S. 528 (1985). _Cf._ Paulsen, _Rules for Its Own Interpretation_ , _supra_ note 73. Stern v. Marshall, 131 S. Ct. 2594 (2011); Arizona Christian Sch. Tuition Org. v. Winn, 131 S. Ct. 1436 (2011); _and cf._ McDonald v. City of Chicago, 130 S. Ct. 3020, 3095n (2010) (Stevens, J., dissenting). U.S. CONST., art. I, sec. 2, par. 3. U.S. CONST., art. II, sec. 1,pars. 2–4. U.S. CONST., Amends. XIII, XIV, XV, XIX, XXIV and XXVI. CHARLES L. BLACK, JR., STRUCTURE AND RELATIONSHIP IN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW (Louisiana State Univ. Press 1969); _and see_ Bobbitt, _Constitutional Fate_ , _supra_ note 21, 58 TEX L. REV. at 721–25. _See_ Wesberry v. Sanders, 376 U.S. 1, 8 (1964). United States v. Carolene Products Co., 304 U.S. 144, 152n. 4 (1938). BLACK, STRUCTURE AND RELATIONSHIP, _supra_ note 99. Stephen E. Gottlieb, _Introduction: Overriding Public Values_ , _in_ PUBLIC VALUES IN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW 1 (Univ. Michigan Press, Stephen E. Gottlieb, ed. 1993). Abraham Lincoln, Gettysburg Address, Nov. 19, 1863. _See_ JAMES KENT, COMMENTARIES ON AMERICAN LAW, vol. 2, at 338 (Blackstone Publishing Co., William M. Lacy, ed. 1889); SIR EDWARD COKE, THE REPORTS OF SIR EDWARD COKE, vol. 6, at 280 (J. Butterworth and Son, John Henry Thomas and John Farquhar Fraser, eds. 1826); CHARLES VINER, A GENERAL ABRIDGMENT OF LAW AND EQUITY, ALPHABETICALLY DIGESTED UNDER PROPER TITLES; WITH NOTES AND REFERENCES TO THE WHOLE, vol. 15, at 534–35 (G. G. J. & J. Robinson, 1793); American Print Works v. Lawrence, 21 N.J. Law. (3 Zab.) 248, 258–59 (1847); Respublica v. Sparhawk, 1 U.S. (Dal.) 357, 362–63 (Pa. 1788). Alexander Hamilton, _The Vindication [of the funding system] No. III_ , _in_ SELECTED WRITINGS AND SPEECHES OF ALEXANDER HAMILTON 331, 333 (American Enterprise Inst. for Pub. Pol'y Research, Morton J. Frisch, ed. 1985). WOOD, CREATION OF THE AMERICAN REPUBLIC, _supra_ note 46, esp. the final chapter, _The Federalist Science of Politics_. Kathleen Sullivan, _Categorization, Balancing and Government Interests_ , in PUBLIC VALUES IN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW, _supra_ note 103, at 241. For the previous Court, see GOTTLIEB, MORALITY IMPOSED, _supra_ note10, at 29. On trying to build
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253, 6387, 273, 643, 4648, 273, 6868, 5576, 2144, 387, 253, 24390, 273, 247, 32019, 985, 285, 697, 22429, 15, 496, 14867, 8182, 434, 19361, 13, 19908, 40290, 9142, 6548, 281, 253, 1953, 273, 4495, 13, 3340, 281, 253, 1953, 273, 253, 4602, 875, 8928, 4495, 285, 19908, 830, 15, 187 ]	�漫漫涯涘。沒湫湫名溺沍涸名漫漶潦潦。 Cao's rhapsody insistently repeats one radical, thus luring the readerly mind away from the automatic connection between shape and meaning toward a graphic appreciation. Through repetition, it seems to achieve an analytical apperception, a pattern recognition on the level of character elements, and not, as in the normal reading process, on the level of the overall gestalt of a character that a reader then connects to a memory of meaning and sound. Cao's text displays a graphic variation of Roman Jakobson's definition of the poetic function of language: the application of paradigmatic criteria on a syntagmatic level. According to Jakobson, poetic word choice is dictated by contiguity with other signs, through either similarity or contrast. This becomes especially visible in the structural features of highly regulated literary forms, for instance, meter, rhyme, or alliteration in poetry. Jakobson's theory of the poetic function of language, developed in the cultural context of a phonetic script, tends to highlight phonetic repetition or contrast. However, Jakobson's theory is equally valid from a graphic point of view. In the context of sinographic texts, attention to graphic as well as phonetic repetition makes particular sense, because the modular character of the sinographs allows for the repetition of components on the level of the written sign in contrast to alphabetic or other phonetic scripts. What might be a largely unconscious process in the creation of Chinese texts, namely, that character choice is prompted by previously selected characters with similar elements or, on a phonetic level, similar pronunciation, comes to the forefront as a visible strategy in Cao's radical design. Cao's work draws attention to the materiality of language, illustrating with zeal (and some exaggeration) Roman Jakobson's definition of the poetic function of language, namely, the influence of syntagmatic combination on the selection of words or, in Cao's case, single characters. But the radical that Cao's rhapsody underlines stands out from other (sino)graphic components: not only does it have a meaning-bearing function, but it also turns out to be mimetic in character—after all, the three dots, or drops, of the radical visualize the idea of water and invoke the "view" or "contemplation" of the waves that the title promises. In other words, radical sinographic design, such as the repetition of radicals in Cao's text, can foreground a very limited aspect of the _techne_ of character construction, one that, though potentially analytical, might ultimately return to a mimetic myth of Chinese writing in a slightly updated form. Another type of experiment with the components of the graphic system of Chinese achieves its cultural anchorage by emphasizing meaning as well as _graphe_. This is the case in experiments that have a neographic, rather than a pseudographic, thrust; they avail themselves of ideographic principles to craft new characters whose meaning—though not part of the lexicalized vocabulary—is easy to guess. For instance, the mainland poet Yang Lian 楊煉 uses a neograph as the title of one of his most famous works, the long poem _Yi_ , published in 1989, a kind of _Yijing_ 易經 ( _Book of Changes_ ) for our times. Yang Lian himself calls the title of the work, _Yi_ , a "noncharacter" ( _wu zi zhi zi_ , 無字之字), and likens it on several occasions to Xu Bing's pseudographs. Unlike Xu Bing's graphic experiment, Yang Lian's newly crafted Chinese character is not devoid of meaning. Instead, the poet takes great pains to lexicalize it. The graph comes with its own pronunciation ( _yi_ ) and tone (first tone), as the poet indicates carefully at the beginning of his text, both in Pinyin transcription and in the older method of transliteration through two Chinese characters, in which the first indicates sound and the second tone, which is used mainly in commentaries on classical texts. Consisting of two pictographs, "人" ( _ren_ , "human being") and "日" ( _ri_ , "sun"), in a style reminiscent of ancient Chinese seal script, Yang's title combines two character (which are also radicals) to form a new one. As the connection of heaven and man, Yang Lian's _yi_ forms a counterpart to the _yi_ 易 of the _Yijing_. _Yi_ in the title of the classic is most commonly translated as "change," but its exegetes also point to the pictographic substratum of the character: a combination of "日" and "勿" (as an alternative form of _wu_ 物 or "animated thing"). Rather than a radical commentary on Chinese writing, Yang Lian's neographic intervention uses ideography, the combination of two pictographs, one of the six ways of character formation, the _liu shu_ 六書. The creative resources of the sinographic script subtly reinforce the meaning of the work as a whole: a repositioning of man in the universe. Rather than challenging the sinographic regime and its tradition, Yang Lian's neographic character displays the adaptability of Chinese writing, its openness to new meanings and ideas. By drawing on the Chinese tradition of the commentary, with its set ways of defining rare words, applied here to a neographism, Yang Lian's textual move inscribes itself within the long tradition of Chinese culture. However, by aligning himself with Xu Bing's graphic experiments, Yang Lian also advocates for a flexible, not slavish, use of Chinese tradition in order to enlarge its textual archive and enrich its sinographic medium. Whereas Yang Lian desires his "noncharacter" to be readable and goes to great lengths to achieve this, the Taiwanese poet Chen Li 陳黎 engages in a poetic reflection on the unreadability of pseudographs. One of the poems of his collection _Light/Slow_ ( _Qing/man_ 輕/慢), published in 2009, "A Difficult Poem That Is Easy to Read" ("Yi shou rongyi du de nan shi" 一首容易讀的難詩) contains four lines of cryptic characters. At first glance, Chen Li's strange characters seem to exhibit their unreadability. Chen Li had created the pseudographic text first in his earlier collection _Worries and Freedom Well-Tempered_ ( _Kunao yu ziyou de pingjunlü_ 苦惱與自由的平均律) where it had appeared on its own, just designated as "A Love Poem" ("Qingshi" 情詩). Now, the last lines of the text are recontextualized, imagined as an opaque Chinese poem cherished by Pindar, the famously difficult poet of Greek antiquity: He liked to read a Chinese poem called "Love Poem" because this poem, so they say, was equally difficult to read irrespective of if it was translated into Greek or not At face value, the poem's new frame, especially with its reference to Pindar, emphasizes the strange link between pseudographs and translation. Since these signs are "fake," they are not in need of translation; they are as cryptic to native readers of Chinese as to somebody who reads and writes in ancient Greek, such as Pindar. As in the case of Xu Bing's _A Book from the Sky_ , the opacity of pseudographic text transcends the limits of specific languages and is thus universal. However, Chen Li's poem presents such a translation as an actual possibility, even though, of course, the absence of meaning, or the fact that meaning is transferred to graphic form, makes these signs unique to their specific script. These look-alike characters on the one hand do not need translation, but on the other are untranslatable, since no adequate way of translating, or, indeed, transgraphing, pseudo-Chinese into pseudo-Greek exists. For Chen Li, pseudographs cannot simply signify the absence of signification or the impossibility of translation. The very gesture of framing part of the former stand-alone text of "A Love Poem" in a subsequent work almost remedies an earlier oversight, or else embodies a sustained manipulation of the reader. In _Light/Slow_ , a part of Chen Li's poems that are commentaries on individual Chinese characters is dedicated to glossing some of the supposedly inexistent Chinese signs from "A Love Poem" and "A Difficult Poem That Is Easy to Read," even supplying information on their voicing in his notes to the poems. After presenting these Chinese characters to readers as supposedly unintelligible sinographics, Chen Li provides them with meaning and cultural context: many of these signs turn out to be rare characters or to belong to the vocabulary of regions or ethnicities at the margins of Chinese culture. Irrespective of the facticity or fiction of these glosses, they open up the system of the Chinese script once we can read these signs (or imagine that we are reading them) not simply as spurious play that merely reactivates the rules of character construction, but as the possibility of other uses of sinographic material at the margins of a linguistic system and its norms. In Chen Li's poem, graphic experimentation ultimately returns to the question of meaning, especially to the question of the connection between cultural meaning and graphic form.
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594, 13, 253, 1781, 2170, 273, 17238, 327, 436, 36118, 313, 9887, 15, 470, 15, 3141, 1186, 10294, 63, 19, 11768, 390, 2074, 281, 2170, 327, 40814, 2205, 13140, 387, 470, 15, 1438, 1186, 10294, 63, 19, 40909, 544, 13206, 575, 19, 1084, 37075, 1166, 938, 1237, 39, 19, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 7547, 310, 6405, 3146, 5998, 281, 452, 4516, 271, 3081, 5512, 1052, 1186, 933, 19050, 8557, 273, 2006, 860, 9114, 42151, 47701, 387, 5241, 17238, 15, 3308, 20904, 2006, 609, 13, 2167, 4390, 581, 273, 253, 6253, 2006, 860, 9114, 42151, 19014, 19665, 275, 31913, 39536, 13, 369, 6830, 598, 281, 7019, 347, 1781, 407, 5512, 31268, 17641, 685, 352, 310, 3063, 285, 14278, 273, 5512, 6783, 1186, 933, 19050, 8557, 387, 326, 673, 15, 844, 41661, 326, 436, 686, 12185, 2052, 2421, 8, 313, 66, 42151, 19014, 17562, 342, 3687, 685, 6783, 1186, 933, 46590, 10, 13368, 5415, 3116, 846, 3302, 32591, 387, 5512, 5307, 17641, 1919, 5512, 14212, 17641, 672, 352, 3407, 27177, 281, 697, 1246, 1979, 15, 187, 187, 1276, 2616, 497, 6276, 253, 2572, 275, 436, 42151, 19014, 686, 12185, 2052, 2421, 8, 1309, 436, 2180, 32, 5131, 3394, 275, 253, 13625, 11936, 387, 326, 673, 778, 1361, 5513, 436, 24045, 3116, 387, 20904, 2006, 609, 15, 4325, 35059, 281, 5307, 17641, 13, 253, 7493, 13153, 347, 973, 347, 643, 8593, 327, 42224, 4371, 285, 17179, 8451, 497, 13598, 407, 19050, 42151, 47701, 1309, 247, 5890, 2180, 1929, 347, 253, 42151, 19014, 686, 2178, 2751, 8, 1254, 37075, 1166, 938, 1237, 36, 24, 2947, 37075, 1166, 938, 1237, 36, 883, 2947, 37075, 1166, 938, 1237, 36, 805, 1656, 380, 7493, 13153, 369, 4336, 13966, 846, 27295, 283, 6914, 17641, 13, 342, 253, 25423, 2670, 387, 2398, 934, 11149, 2470, 13206, 575, 18, 1084, 37075, 1166, 938, 1237, 39, 18, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 9471, 3164, 21681, 281, 247, 12356, 2180, 326, 4269, 2559, 3809, 6749, 326, 13230, 2289, 281, 29780, 2112, 436, 8852, 1282, 13, 13538, 42151, 47701, 432, 19050, 627, 1254, 37075, 1166, 938, 1237, 36, 805, 1656, 831, 3809, 6749, 275, 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14449, 17655, 313, 3832, 1186, 9913, 46590, 10, 285, 24369, 1342, 8451, 313, 746, 1186, 40896, 46590, 10, 1254, 37075, 1166, 938, 1237, 36, 23, 1656, 11474, 20904, 2006, 609, 556, 644, 6749, 14, 4924, 323, 6763, 273, 1107, 1254, 37075, 1166, 938, 1237, 36, 1010, 5413, 40814, 2205, 13140, 778, 417, 452, 644, 12482, 281, 19050, 42151, 47701, 2720, 281, 5307, 17641, 21681, 281, 697, 1698, 19099, 13, 8479, 352, 281, 320, 2057, 43923, 387, 5777, 2169, 6150, 1268, 390, 1512, 7329, 281, 9902, 919, 2510, 275, 253, 18384, 3408, 273, 253, 42151, 19014, 24571, 15, 7243, 253, 11600, 858, 2489, 12482, 13, 352, 369, 2104, 281, 1329, 3629, 3904, 273, 19050, 42151, 47701, 13, 3340, 342, 2440, 273, 253, 2169, 14, 11177, 15357, 42909, 334, 7736, 278, 2261, 326, 4390, 21191, 7338, 253, 11600, 15, 11474, 253, 5170, 36118, 812, 452, 644, 13598, 2720, 281, 5307, 17641, 13, 5662, 42909, 334, 7736, 22413, 452, 2568, 281, 320, 6888, 285, 3081, 5839, 310, 26085, 15, 187, 187, 998, 494, 43112, 941, 671, 5224, 326, 42151, 47701, 387, 20904, 14449, 17655, 285, 20904, 2006, 609, 21654, 3997, 3012, 625, 327, 36407, 408, 685, 49720, 13, 347, 4860, 407, 2406, 475, 10227, 8769, 1010, 63, 47, 2193, 275, 7238, 6384, 432, 841, 4375, 2429, 281, 2074, 3530, 432, 3939, 19665, 275, 253, 12324, 376, 30947, 6912, 285, 11053, 13625, 11936, 4811, 15, 4129, 253, 3410, 1979, 273, 4980, 7238, 6384, 432, 20904, 2006, 609, 310, 1355, 2796, 79, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 22, 582, 841, 1543, 1329, 271, 4321, 1263, 327, 4980, 42151, 19014, 7238, 17901, 475, 10227, 8769, 1012, 63, 36, 285, 475, 10227, 8769, 1010, 63, 47, 432, 19665, 275, 253, 11053, 13625, 11936, 2429, 342, 20904, 14449, 17655, 281, 253, 6146, 326, 4860, 247, 625, 36407, 408, 14, 3169, 6196, 387, 436, 6158, 2670, 1254, 37075, 1166, 938, 1237, 36, 1036, 1656, 3900, 841, 2175, 327, 7238, 17901, 285, 6384, 760, 1957, 6196, 273, 5343, 42151, 47701, 2720, 281, 7238, 23157, 13, 643, 15048, 2175, 387, 4980, 285, 9129, 19665, 1329, 841, 15048, 3910, 875, 11186, 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14366, 22363, 84, 432, 42909, 334, 7736, 31344, 27960, 456, 387, 13966, 19665, 327, 13625, 8451, 671, 5224, 326, 47857, 9711, 12306, 2796, 49, 282, 321, 356, 83, 1861, 1331, 274, 10010, 360, 5627, 556, 644, 247, 2201, 4445, 273, 42151, 19014, 6196, 627, 323, 387, 1878, 253, 2469, 45660, 1254, 37075, 1166, 938, 1237, 36, 938, 1656, 187, 187, 15768, 253, 1029, 17787, 18053, 285, 36407, 408, 11659, 275, 253, 11186, 13625, 11936, 3063, 13, 534, 2616, 4269, 247, 10343, 275, 42151, 47701, 387, 20904, 2006, 609, 846, 253, 686, 12185, 2052, 2421, 8, 4925, 697, 4869, 6070, 407, 5512, 31268, 17641, 32, 844, 452, 642, 8813, 323, 436, 10343, 3707, 326, 352, 369, 3164, 2330, 342, 2544, 275, 5448, 6127, 13, 2329, 9208, 13, 285, 253, 1979, 273, 253, 13625, 11936, 877, 1362, 5973, 326, 9142, 5876, 17787, 18053, 1254, 37075, 1166, 938, 1237, 36, 1797, 1656, 1219, 350, 569, 273, 436, 3753, 452, 4269, 2264, 19050, 4433, 13, 17892, 8734, 3275, 285, 1029, 7891, 3394, 275, 2006, 860, 9114, 42151, 47701, 275, 253, 13625, 11936, 285, 5791, 31913, 39536, 1254, 37075, 1166, 938, 1237, 36, 1423, 2947, 37075, 1166, 938, 1237, 36, 1508, 1184, 285, 11440, 16274, 689, 3471, 1975, 673, 812, 906, 275, 17562, 10343, 390, 43289, 15, 380, 4942, 4864, 17238, 4860, 407, 253, 20126, 42909, 334, 7736, 31344, 326, 45589, 322, 21, 283, 52, 22, 327, 253, 5170, 36118, 8525, 436, 6452, 15, 187, 187, 51, 301, 2205, 13140, 4558, 4751, 13598, 387, 20904, 2006, 609, 3063, 13, 533, 253, 11600, 4558 ]	membrane than those from active colonies located farther to the south at Adélie Cove and Inexpressible Island at Terra Nova Bay (ANOVA, F~3~ = 41.8, p \< 0.001; [table 2](#RSOS172032TB2){ref-type="table"} and [figure 3](#RSOS172032F3){ref-type="fig"}). There was no difference in δ^15^N values between Cape Adare and Cape Hallett, or between Adélie Cove and Inexpressible Island. No differences in δ^13^C values occurred among all four sites (ANOVA, F~3~ = 1.2, p \> 0.32). Figure 3.Mean δ^13^C and δ^15^N isotope values from modern Adélie penguin egg membrane collected from four active penguin colonies in the Ross Sea. Samples from Cape Adare were collected in January 2005; all other samples were collected in January 2016. Error bars are one standard deviation. See the electronic supplementary material, table S1 for raw data. Table 2.Mean ± s.d. of stable isotope results of modern Adélie penguin egg membrane from four breeding colonies in the northern to central Ross Sea, Antarctica. (For each set of isotope values, shared letters (in superscript) indicate no significant differences in means (one-way ANOVA, F~3~ = 1.2, p \< 0.32 for δ^13^C, F~3~ = 41.8, p \< 0.001 for δ^15^N).)locationNδ^13^C (‰)δ^15^N (‰)Cape Adare5−25.0 ± 0.55^A^9.2 ± 0.38^A^Cape Hallett20−24.6 ± 0.55^A^9.1 ± 0.40^A^Adélie Cove15−24.6 ± 0.98^A^10.2 ± 0.27^B^Inexpressible Island21−24.3 ± 1.04^A^10.0 ± 0.30^B^ 4.. Discussion {#s4} ============== Our results suggest that Cape Adare, first occupied by breeding penguins at approximately 2000 BP \[[@RSOS172032C7]\] follows an expected colonization pattern with Ridley Beach completely occupied by approximately 1200 BP and remaining so today. Colonization of the upper terrace began by approximately 1700 BP with the most distant colonies to the south on this terrace occupied by approximately 1200 BP (based on median ages, [table 1](#RSOS172032TB1){ref-type="table"}), with at least some remaining active until approximately 800 BP. The relative brief occupation of these sites also is suggested by their relatively shallow (one level, or 5--8 cm) ornithogenic soils. Only the northern edge of this terrace overlooking Ridley Beach remains occupied today. Numerous other abandoned pebble mounds were located on the upper terrace at Cape Adare, but ground time was too limited in 2016 for additional sampling. We believe all of these sites, owing to their similar appearance on the surface, were colonized during the same sequence of occupation as S1--S5. If so, the large area of occupation on this terrace (approx. 0.78 km^2^, or similar to area on Ridley Beach at 0.80 km^2^; [figure 2](#RSOS172032F2){ref-type="fig"}) is conservatively estimated to have supported an additional approximately 200 000 breeding pairs of Adélie penguins at peak occupation. Thus Cape Adare, though currently one of the largest Adélie penguin colonies in Antarctica, was possibly up to twice as large by approximately 1200 BP than it is today and consisted of approximately 500 000 breeding pairs at that time. We hypothesize that this 'supercolony' (a penguin colony with greater than 500 000 nests) underwent continuous growth after initial colonization at approximately 2000 BP until approximately 800 BP when it began declining to its present size. What factors were driving the increase in this penguin 'supercolony' during this period? Other events in the Ross Sea at that time may help explain this hypothesized growth at Cape Adare. From 4000 to 2000 BP, the Scott Coast as well as other locations on Beaufort and Franklin Island were occupied by breeding penguins during a warm period known as the penguin 'optimum' \[[@RSOS172032C7],[@RSOS172032C11],[@RSOS172032C12]\]. The Scott Coast was completely abandoned after 3000--2000 BP, with the youngest site at Marble Point ([figure 1](#RSOS172032F1){ref-type="fig"}), probably owing to a cooling period that caused increased fast ice that blocked access to beaches along this coastline, preventing penguins from breeding there \[[@RSOS172032C12]\]. This fast ice in western McMurdo Sound persists well into the summer months today and the Scott Coast has remained abandoned by breeding penguins to the present. We hypothesize that colonization at Cape Adare began as the Scott Coast was being abandoned by approximately 2000 BP, signifying a large-scale movement of breeding penguins from the southern to the northern Ross Sea. Further, upwelling of Circumpolar Deep Water in the northern Ross Sea from the continental shelf break has maintained open water in the Ross Sea polynya near Cape Adare, along with the high marine productivity at the marginal ice zone \[[@RSOS172032C13],[@RSOS172032C14]\]. The northern Ross Sea and associated polynya have provided and continue to support large swarms of krill that in turn support large populations of breeding penguins that currently occur at Cape Adare, Cape Hallett (61 160 nests) and Coulman Island (19 437 nests) \[[@RSOS172032C6]\]. Though Cape Adare has been ice-free for thousands of years \[[@RSOS172032C15]\], Ridley Beach may not have been accessible to breeding penguins prior to 2000 BP owing to its low elevation, causing it to be either submerged at slightly higher sea level or too exposed to storm surges in the warming phase of the penguin optimum. Once the beach did become accessible, it was able to support increasing numbers of breeding penguins, especially with development of the higher-elevation ornithogenic mounds that currently transect the beach. Though the upper terrace could have been occupied prior to 2000 BP, older ornithogenic deposits have yet to be discovered and additional investigation is warranted. Stable isotope data also indicate that penguins at Cape Hallett and Cape Adare presently feed significantly more on krill than fishes, as indicated by lower δ^15^N values in egg membrane from these sites compared to similar samples from active colonies in the Terra Nova Bay and southern Ross Sea regions. Although the sample size of modern egg membrane from Cape Adare is small (n = 5), these results support an earlier study on modern penguin eggshell δ^13^C and δ^15^N from colonies in the southern Ross Sea compared with Cape Hallett to the north that indicated a more krill-based diet at this latter site \[[@RSOS172032C16]\]. While these studies on eggshell and membrane only represent diet of female penguins prior to egg laying, other dietary studies at modern and ancient colonies support these dietary differences between northern and southern colonies in the Ross Sea. For example, investigation of Adélie penguin diet at Cape Hallett, based on stomach flushing and contents \[[@RSOS172032C17]\], found that these penguins feed largely on krill during the guard stage of chick-rearing and prey increasingly on fishes as the season progresses. Satellite tracking of foraging penguins also revealed that most move to the continental shelf break. Moreover, stable isotope analyses of ancient penguin guano also suggest a diet based more on fishes in the southern Ross Sea during the Holocene \[[@RSOS172032C18]\] that persists with colonies on Ross Island today (colonies at Cape Royds, Bird and Crozier, [figure 1](#RSOS172032F1){ref-type="fig"}) \[[@RSOS172032C19]\]. Prey remains and otoliths from ornithogenic soils excavated at abandoned colonies on Ross Island also indicate that Antarctic silverfish (Pleuragramma antarcticum) has been a major component of penguin diet there for at least the past millennium \[[@RSOS172032C20]\]. Given the high marine productivity and krill availability in the northern Ross Sea today, which factors caused a decline in penguins at Cape Adare after the 'supercolony' reached its maximum extent by approximately 1200 BP? We have no explanation for this decline except that it was probably associated with changes in wind patterns, air temperatures, and the size of the Ross Sea polynya that ultimately affected marine productivity \[[@RSOS172032C21]\]. Alterations of this nature have caused total breeding failure, lowered chick production and high mortality events in Adélie penguins in the Ross Sea and East Antarctica \[[@RSOS172032C22],[@RSOS172032C23]\] and continuing impacts over geological time could result in colony decline or abandonment. The relatively brief occupation indicated by the shallow ornithogenic soils that characterizes S4--S5 on the upper terrace supports this conclusion. Ridley Beach remains fully occupied at Cape Adare today, but the beach remains
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"What call you that, musician?" The _rebeck_ player paused also, keeping his eyes downward submissively. "They call it smagdarite, Excellence. It comes from Sinde." "Sinned or no sin," echoed Birbal gaily, "the devil is in it. But 'tis a good name. Pass on Smagdarite! Stay"--here the old man half-hidden by his drum essayed to follow--"whom have we here? Old Deena the drum-banger! In what vile stew of Satanstown didst spend the night, villain?" Thus apostrophised, Deena's comically wicked, leering, old face hid itself completely in a salaam behind the drum, and came up again puckered with pure mischief. "That is a question for the virtuous Lord Chamberlain, Mirza Ibrahim," he replied, demurely. The sally was greeted with a boisterous laugh, and Mirza Ibrahim--whose fine clothes dispersed a perfect atmosphere of musk--scowled fiercely. For Satanstown, as ultimate exile of all the bad characters of the city was in his charge, and report had it that he pursued his duty of inspection with more than usual assiduity. "Sit thou here then, by Smagdarite," continued Birbal, recovering from his laugh, "and drum from a distance, lest thou be utterly damned for deserting honourable company. Hark! she begins!" Atma had by this time sunk to the ground beside the King. Her flimsy scarlet skirts curved about her like overblown poppy petals. Her dark eyes, full of fire, were fixed on the unconscious figure so close beside her, and, under the slow circling of her lissome forefinger the little drum held in her left hand was beginning to give out an indescribably mysterious sound like the first faint sobbing of air before an organ pipe breaks into a note. From the distance, almost unheard, came the muffled throbbing of old Deena's drum, and the thin thread of the _rebeck_, light yet insistent like a summer gnat; both kept to the same stern delicacy of rhythm. The singer's voice, high and clear, rose on it almost aggressively-- Hark! and hist! To the list Of the kings who have died In their pride, To the wide, wide, world. MIRUN-KHAN! Lo! He dreamt he was King! But he died In his pride To the wide, wide, world. SO HIS SON SULIMAN Dreamt the dreamings of kings Till he died In his pride To the wide, wide, world. SO THE DREAM WAS JEHAN'S! And he dreamt he was king Till he died In his pride To the wide, wide, world. The rhythmic background broke with the singing voice into troubled triplets, and the King's slack hands gripped in on themselves. Was he listening? Now the tale of the Kings who have died In their pride Is many, and many beside. But the dream is the same, So it came---- The pliant forefinger's whirling gave out a continuous boom like distant thunder amongst hills. Deena's drum throbbed a _reveille_, the _rebeck_ thrilled like a cicala-- TO KUMAN And he dreamt he was King In the wide, wide, world---- "Enough!" The word came swiftly as Akbar turned with a frown. "The end, woman? The end?" There was a pause; then from the very dust of his feet rose her reply: "There is none to the dreaming of kings!" "There is none--to the dreaming--of kings," he echoed slowly, and his eyes scanned her face curiously as he raised her from the ground. "Who art thou, woman?" he asked suddenly; then as suddenly dropped the hands he held, and said coldly: "Give her gold for her song." But once more a fresh feeling came to make him add: "Nay! not gold--let her choose her own reward--what wouldst thou, sister?" His face, grown soft as a woman's, looked sympathetically into hers; she stood before him abashed by the quick tie that seemed to have sprung up between them, unable to realise the chance that was hers. "Quick step!" cried Man Singh brutally. "See you not the Most-Gracious waits? What shall it be? Gold, fal-lals, dresses--the things for which women sell their souls?" She turned on him like a queen. "The women who nurture such heroes as Rajah Man Singh mayhap so sell them; but I----" here her recognition of opportunity swept trivialities before it, she drew herself up to her full height and faced both King and court, her voice ringing like a clarion. "I claim my father's office!" she cried. "Listen, O King-of-Kings! He gave you faithful service when you came to take the crown of India. What to him was Hindu or Mahommedan? He was the King's herald! Akbar was the King! His eldest son--my brother--died to save the honour of the Rajput chief he served before you came! And little Heera--son of his old age, begot _for you_, died ere his baby tongue had ceased to trip in challenging the world--_for you!_ Lo! I have kissed the words to steadiness upon his childish lips when father grew impatient! Why was I not the son? Hid in this dustlike body lies the spirit of my race. Is it my fault that in the dark months of my mother's womb, Fate made me woman, as she made you man? Give me my father's office, O my King, and if my tongue forgets one word of all my father's lore, or if I fail in guarding the King's honour, treat me as woman then--but not till then." The dying fall of her words left the court amazed, almost affronted. Here was a claim indeed! A claim foreign to the whole conservative fabric of Eastern society--which heaven knows had already suffered shock enough at the King's reforming hands! But Akbar took no heed of the looks around him; he was deep in that problem of Sex which was one of the many to claim his quick interest at all times. "The spirit of thy race is in thee, sure enough, O sister," he said slowly. "Manhood is in the woman, as womanhood is in the man--do I not know the latter to my cost? So take thy gift. Thou art the King's Charan from this day. But hearken! If thou failest in thy task, I treat thee not as woman--but as man." He turned away, dismissing her with an autocratic wave from sight, even from thought. "Ushers!" he went on, raising his voice in command, "Sound the advance! I go. And my Lord Chamberlain, bid the travelling Englishmen attend me in the Diwani-Khas. Abul! your arm; I would speak with you about this queen--this woman who has stretched her hand out over the seas to meet mine." He gave a quick joyous laugh and stretched out his own--the true Eastern hand, small, fine, but with a grip as of wrought iron in its slender, flexible fingers. "By God and his prophets I seem to feel it here--a woman's hand close clasped to mine." A fanfaronade of trumpets, shawms, and drums drowned his words, as with a waving of plumes, a blinding glitter of gold and jewels, the royal cortege of Akbar the Magnificent swept on its way. "One moment!" cried Birbal to Man Singh who awaited him impatiently, "I must find Smagdarite first." But both the _rebeck_ player and Atma Devi had gone. Only old Deena remained drumming softly; a fitting accompaniment to the murmurs which rose around him, as the immediate _entourage_ of the King disappeared. "Yet one more insult to Islam," muttered the Makhdum-ul'-mulk spitting fiercely ere he spoke. "And to honest men!" asserted a jealous old Turk who was suspicioned of having drowned more than one young wife on the sly, "for what is woman but ultimate deceit and guile?" "What?" echoed one whose calling could best be described as court-pand
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1896, 281, 1056, 634, 268, 4904, 760, 2130, 281, 368, 32, 187, 29, 88, 29656, 31, 385, 1179, 2560, 27, 20859, 20250, 1909, 403, 247, 6264, 4735, 15, 187, 29, 911, 1179, 2560, 31, 12506, 891, 923, 15, 840, 752, 310, 326, 346, 48336, 3, 4500, 275, 268, 4904, 187, 29, 911, 1179, 2560, 31, 268, 4904, 3239, 11, 187, 29, 88, 29656, 31, 733, 434, 417, 4217, 281, 368, 5734, 368, 2168, 871, 2139, 368, 878, 281, 897, 352, 15, 733, 16897, 253, 12149, 432, 1146, 3863, 281, 268, 4904, 15, 25932, 15, 3024, 835, 13390, 476, 923, 731, 15, 187, 29, 88, 29656, 31, 380, 367, 4899, 4558, 1345, 327, 253, 8027, 11022, 15, 3024, 4384, 12693, 15, 187, 29, 274, 328, 9884, 259, 29656, 27, 588, 320, 16058, 3517, 3736, 187, 29, 88, 29656, 31, 549, 328, 21712, 1422, 878, 281, 2085, 25540, 830, 1491, 1078, 359, 476, 873, 598, 253, 3448, 15, 12238, 368, 1239, 949 ]	are reachable, so yeah, more urgent things to fix first <jeffrey_f> Trying to add my private key to Launchpad. Although I can find my PubKey on the hkp ubuntu server by email, I can't find it by fingerprint. Any ideas? <wgrant> jeffrey_f: Which fingerprint are you trying? <jeffrey_f> 4C69 9D45 A24B 3BD0 2AF4 8BA0 6097 40B9 12A4 5CAB <wgrant> And what's the email address? <jeffrey_f> [email protected] <wgrant> jeffrey_f: I see that key when I search for 0x4C699D45A24B3BD02AF48BA0609740B912A45CAB <wgrant> http://keyserver.ubuntu.com/pks/lookup?op=vindex&search=0x4C699D45A24B3BD02AF48BA0609740B912A45CAB&fingerprint=on <jeffrey_f> Yes, but launchpad is saying it can't import the key <jeffrey_f> any news? <stgraber> the server in the critical path for GPG is booting up now <jeffrey_f> OK <wgrant> And PPAs and codehosting are mostly back. <jeffrey_f> how long does that usually take, just curious <wgrant> jeffrey_f: There's no "usually", unfortunately; we're routing power between cabinets to get the remaining servers re-powered. <jeffrey_f> ah. So I should try in the morning then? <rickhull1> my guess is booting servers that have had power restored takes a few minutes. verification, undoing previous triage things, re-establishing clusters, shared storage, discovering faults in less-than-critical-paths â these things can take hours <jeffrey_f> Yep, I'll try in the AM. Thanks! <wgrant> There's only a couple of bits left still broken, but it's not clear how long those will take. <jeffrey_f> ok. Thanks for the help! <arun> hi guys , I wanted to host my codes in launchpad , how can I do that ?? <arun_> hello guys , anyone there ., please help me for adding my codes in Launchpad !!! <arun_> ajmitch: hello !!! <StevenK> arun_: I suggest you read the topic, we can't help you right now, due to it. <arun_> StevenK: oh sorry bro <rickhull1> arun_: https://code.launchpad.net/ but there was a recent outage and not all services may be up * wgrant changed the topic of #launchpad to: Launchpad is an open source project: https://dev.launchpad.net/ \| This channel is logged: http://irclogs.ubuntu.com/ \| User Guide: https://help.launchpad.net/ \| Support: https://answers.launchpad.net/launchpad <arun_> wgrant: good to hear <arun_> rickhull1: so, how do a do ??? <arun_> rickhull1: please help me <rickhull1> 1. now is a particularly bad time, because things may not be working normally <rickhull1> 2. check the docs <rickhull1> personally, i've never been involved in code hosting with launchpad <rickhull1> arun_: are you familiar with github? <arun_> rickhull1: yes , I have github repo , and I am wanting to translate my software into other languages !!!, so. please help me <rickhull1> according to https://twitter.com/launchpadstatus things should be working normally now <rickhull1> arun_: ok, well the choice of hosting on launchpad or github has nothing to do with the software language <arun_> rickhull1: I mean, I wanted to localize my software <rickhull1> gotcha <rickhull1> that seems like a completely separate problem from where to host your software <arun_> rickhull1: yaa., the main thing is to localize or translate my software !!! <rickhull1> it's a tough problem, for sure <rickhull1> i don't see how hosting your code on launchpad versus anywhere else accomplishes that goal <arun_> rickhull1: lol, so any ways for the localization <rickhull1> i might be misunderstanding the power of launchpad code hosting, but i think it's something that needs to be worked out in the code, not the hosting <wgrant> arun_: Have you read through https://help.launchpad.net/Translations/YourProject? <wgrant> You don't have to use Launchpad Codehosting to use Launchpad Translations. <wgrant> You can upload translation templates directly. <wgrant> But you first need to have translation support in your code. <arun_> wgrant: yaa, I have the pot file <arun_> wgrant: so , whats the next ?? <wgrant> arun_: https://help.launchpad.net/Translations/YourProject/ImportingTemplates <arun_> wgrant: bro, I can't figure out there is no for pot , there is only git, bazaar, ...,etc <wgrant> arun_: Where are you looking <wgrant> ? <arun_> wgrant: where u told <wgrant> "or manually upload .pot files using the web interface. " <wgrant> click the Translations tab on your project, then select a series. You'll see an option in the bottom right to upload a file directly. <arun_> wgrant: bro manual synchronize?] <wgrant> arun_: That's the one <arun_> wgrant: ok , I am downloading that file from my git repo <arun_> wgrant: I just uploaded but there is no data in the translations page inside my branch <wgrant> arun_: Which project is this? <arun_> launchpad.net/chitwanix/sagarmatha <wgrant> arun_: I've approved the template import, so it should happen in a few minutes. You can see the status of your imports at https://translations.launchpad.net/chitwanix/sagarmatha/+imports <arun_> wgrant: thank u very much, but the language I am going to translate into is Tharu not Nepali <wgrant> arun_: Chitwania Tharu aka. 'the'? <arun_> wgrant: I can't understand what u are saying <wgrant> arun_: Tharu is a family of languages with several dialects, each with a distinct language code. <wgrant> https://answers.launchpad.net/launchpad/+faq/23 describes the process for adding a new language to Launchpad <arun_> wgrant: og <arun_> wgrant: brother, the lanuage is related to Nepali with the writing letters same as Nepali but the Name must be Tharu <arun_> wgrant: so, we need to get verified for an ISO <wgrant> arun_: There are already ISO 639-3 codes for several Tharu languages <wgrant> See the bottom right of http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tharu_language <arun_> wgrant: oh yaa, so, how can I get that , its Chitwania <wgrant> So http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=the? <arun_> wgrant: bro, then how do I add the language in launchpad?? <arun_> wgrant: should I ask in the answer page or what? please give me some idea <wgrant> arun_: You'll need to ask a question on Launchpad Answers, including the language code and plural form information as described at https://answers.launchpad.net/launchpad/+faq/23 <arun_> wgrant: ok <excalibr> is it not possible to make your ppa only available to you? <wgrant> excalibr: Private PPAs are a commercial feature. <excalibr> oh i see. then what is that "publish" option in ppa <excalibr> ppa page* <wgrant> It's not useful to you unless you already know why you need to use it. It prevents the packages from being published to ppa.launchpad.net where apt can see them. <wgrant> The PPA remains public on the launchpad.net web UI. <arun_> wgrant: will be verified soon ? <wgrant> arun_: You need to provide plural form information before we can set up the language. Have you read through
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2592 ]	Using the Full Counting Statistics we computed the electronic current versus internal and external bias and reproduced electron-phonon-induced features such as oscillations versus the internal bias and signatures of Franck-Condon blockade. We stress that the description of this rich dynamics required only the four states of the double quantum dot to be taken into account dynamically. We have found that the dephasing rate of coherences in the pointer basis behaves in some regimes counter-intuitively as a function of the electron-phonon coupling strength. A simple intuitive explanation for this behaviour is that the Franck-Condon blockade stabilizes coherences, thereby also blocking transport through the DQD circuit. The analysis of the entropy production in the polaron master equation has allowed us to study the performance of the system when viewed as a thermoelectric generator converting a temperature gradient into electric power. We have found that in the strong-coupling regime, the system deviates strongly from tight-coupling between energy and matter current, and consequently, the efficiency for this process was found to be significantly below Carnot efficiency. Finally, we want to mention that our method can be generalized to more complex systems and thus allows applications in a variety of transport setups involving phonons such as molecules. Acknowledgments =============== T. B. and G. S. gratefully acknowledge financial support by the DFG (SFB 910, GRK 1588, SCHA ). M. E. has been supported by the National Research Fund, Luxembourg, in the frame of project . Polaron transformation {#App:PolaronTrafo} ====================== We consider the polaron transformation $$\begin{aligned} U=e^{{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger {d_{\rm L}}\mathcal{B}_{\rm L}+{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger {d_{\rm R}}\mathcal{B}_{\rm R}}\,,\end{aligned}$$ with the fermionic annihilation operators $d_\sigma$ and the bosonic operators $$\begin{aligned} \mathcal{B}_\sigma=\sum_q\left(\frac{h^\ast_{q,\sigma}}{\omega_q}a_q^\dagger-\frac{h_{q,\sigma}}{\omega_q}a_q\right)\end{aligned}$$ with bosonic annihilation operators $a_q$. To calculate the transformation rules, we recall the BCH relation $$\begin{aligned} e^X Y e^{-X}&=&\sum^\infty_{n=0}\frac{1}{n!}{{\left[X,Y\right]}}_n\,,\end{aligned}$$ with the short-hand notation ${{\left[X,Y\right]}}_{n+1}={{\left[X,{{\left[X,Y\right]}}_n\right]}}$ and ${{\left[X,Y\right]}}_0=Y$. We first note that the exponential in the polaron transformation can be written in a separated fashion $$\begin{aligned} U&=&e^{{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger{d_{\rm L}}\mathcal{B}_{\rm L}}e^{{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}\mathcal{B}_{\rm R}}e^{-{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger{d_{\rm L}}{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}{{\left[\mathcal{B}_{\rm L},\mathcal{B}_{\rm R}\right]}}/2}{\nonumber\\}&\equiv&U_{\rm L}U_{\rm R}U_{\rm LR}\,,{\nonumber\\}U_{\rm LR}&=&e^{{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger{d_{\rm L}}{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi}\,,{\nonumber\\}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi&\equiv&{{\left[\mathcal{B}_{\rm R},\mathcal{B}_{\rm L}\right]}}/2\,,\end{aligned}$$ where it is easy to show that $\Phi^\ast=\Phi$. Consequently, the adjoint operator is given by $$\begin{aligned} U^\dagger=U^\dagger_{\rm LR}U^\dagger_{\rm R}U^\dagger_{\rm L}\,,\end{aligned}$$ and we note that ${{\left[U_{\rm LR},U_{\rm L}\right]}}={{\left[U_{\rm LR},U_{\rm R}\right]}}=0$. Alternatively, we can also split the unitary transformation according to $$\begin{aligned} U=U_{\rm R}U_{\rm L}U^\dagger_{\rm LR}\,,\quad U^\dagger=U_{\rm LR}U_{\rm L}^\dagger U_{\rm R}^\dagger\,,\end{aligned}$$ where again ${{\left[U_{\rm LR},U_{\rm L}^\dagger\right]}}={{\left[U_{\rm LR},U_{\rm R}^\dagger\right]}}=0$ holds. Left Mode Operators ------------------- We consider the action of the Polaron transformation on the left fermionic annihilation operator $$\begin{aligned} U{d_{\rm L}}U^\dagger&=&U_{\rm L}U_{\rm R}U_{\rm LR}{d_{\rm L}}U^\dagger_{\rm LR}U^\dagger_{\rm R}U^\dagger_{\rm L}=U_{\rm L}U_{\rm LR}{d_{\rm L}}U^\dagger_{\rm LR}U^\dagger_{\rm L}{\nonumber\\}&=&U_{\rm L}{d_{\rm L}}e^{-{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi} U^\dagger_{\rm L}=U_{\rm L}{d_{\rm L}}U^\dagger_{\rm L} e^{-{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi}{\nonumber\\}&=&{d_{\rm L}}e^{-\mathcal{B}_{\rm L}}e^{-{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi} \,.\end{aligned}$$ The left fermionic creation operator then transforms according to $$\begin{aligned} U{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger U^\dagger={d_{\rm L}}^\dagger e^{+\mathcal{B}_{\rm L}}e^{+{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi} \,.\end{aligned}$$ Right Mode Operators -------------------- In a similar fashion, we evaluate the transformation of the right fermionic annihilation operator $$\begin{aligned} U{d_{\rm R}}U^\dagger&=&U_{\rm R}U_{\rm L}U_{\rm LR}^\dagger {d_{\rm R}}U_{\rm LR}U^\dagger_{\rm L}U^\dagger_{\rm R}=U_{\rm R}U_{\rm LR}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}U_{\rm LR}U^\dagger_{\rm R}{\nonumber\\}&=&U_{\rm R}{d_{\rm R}}e^{+{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger{d_{\rm L}}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi} U^\dagger_{\rm R}=U_{\rm R}{d_{\rm R}}U^\dagger_{\rm R} e^{+{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger{d_{\rm L}}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi}{\nonumber\\}&=&{d_{\rm R}}e^{-\mathcal{B}_{\rm R}}e^{+{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger{d_{\rm L}}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi} \,,\end{aligned}$$ and the adjoint operator becomes $$\begin{aligned} U{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger U^\dagger={d_{\rm R}}^\dagger e^{+\mathcal{B}_{\rm R}}e^{-{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger{d_{\rm L}}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi} \,.\end{aligned}$$ Bosonic Operators ----------------- For the bosonic annihilation operator we obtain $$\begin{aligned} U a_q U^\dagger&=&U_{\rm L}U_{\rm R}U_{\rm LR}a_q U^\dagger_{\rm LR}U^\dagger_{\rm R}U^\dagger_{\rm L}=U_{\rm L}U_{\rm R}{d_{\rm L}}U^\dagger_{\rm R}U^\dagger_{\rm L}{\nonumber\\}&=&U_{\rm L}\left[a_q-\frac{h^\ast_{q,\rm R}}{\omega_q}{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}\right] U^\dagger_{\rm L}{\nonumber\\}&=&U_{\rm L}a_q U^\dagger_{\rm L}-\frac{h^\ast_{q,\rm R}}{\omega_q}{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}{\nonumber\\}&=&a_q -\frac{h^\ast_{q,\rm L}}{\omega_q}{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger{d_{\rm L}}-\frac{h^\ast_{q,\rm R}}{\omega_q}{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}\end{aligned}$$ and similarly for the creation operator $$\begin{aligned} U a_q^\dagger U^\dagger=a_q^\dagger -\frac{h_{q,\rm L}}{\omega_q}{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger{d_{\rm L}}-\frac{h_{q,\rm R}}{\omega_q}{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}\,.\end{aligned}$$ Polaron transformation of the DQD Hamiltonian --------------------------------------------- The total Hamiltonian of the DQD is given by $$\begin{aligned} \mathcal{H} &=& \sum_{k\sigma} \upvarepsilon_{k\sigma} c_{k\sigma}^\dagger c_{k\sigma
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309, 858, 327, 436, 9455 ]	chief who would unite them as Qusayy had united Quraysh, and that there was no other solution to their problem. One of the leading men of the oasis, Abd Allah ibn Ubayy, was favoured by many as a possible king. He had not fought against Aws in the recent conflict but had withdrawn his men on the eve of the battle. He was none the less of Khazraj; and it was exceedingly doubtful whether Aws would be capable of accepting a king who was not of their tribe. The six men of Khazraj delivered the message of Islam to as many of their people as would listen to them; and the next summer, that is, in ad 621, five of them repeated their Pilgrimage, bringing with them seven others, two of whom were of Aws. At'Aqabah, these twelve men pledged themselves to the Prophet, and this pledge is known as the First Aqabah. In the words of one of them: "We pledged our allegiance to the Messenger of God on the night of the First Aqabah, that we would associate nothing with God, that we would neither steal, not commit fornication, nor slay our offspring nor utter slanders; and that we would not disobey him in that which was right. And he said to us: 'If ye fulfil this pledge, then Paradise is yours; and if ye commit one of these sins and then receive punishment for it in this world, that shall serve as expiation. And if ye conceal it until the Day of the Resurrection, then it is for God to punish or forgive, even as He will.' When they left for Yathrib the Prophet sent with them Musab of Abd ad-Dar who had by that time returned from Abyssinia. He was to recite the Koran to them and give them religious instruction. He lodged with As'ad ibn Zurarah, one of the six who had entered Islam the previous year. Mus'ab had also to lead the prayer because, despite their Islam, neither Aws nor Khazraj could yet endure to give one another that precedence. In reference to the practice which had developed in Arabia among the indigent Bedouin, especially in time of famine, of burying unwanted female infants. The rivalry between the descendants of the two sons of Qaylah was of long standing. There had been none the less frequent intermarriages between the two tribes, and as a result of one of these, Asad, the Khazrajite host of Mus'ab, was the first cousin of Sa'd ibn Mu'adh, chief of one of the clans of Aws. Sad strongly disapproved of the new religion. He was therefore angry, yet at the same time embarrassed, to see his cousin Asad together with Musab and some newly converted Muslims sitting one day in a garden in the midst of his people's territory, in earnest conversation with members of his clan. Determined to put an end to such activities, yet not wishing to be involved in any unpleasantness himself, he went to Usayd who was next in authority to himself, and said: "Go thou to these two men who have come to our quarters to make fools of our weaker brethren" - he was no doubt thinking of his younger brother, the now dead lyas, who had been the first man of Yathrib to enter Islam - "and drive them out; and forbid them to come to our quarters again. If Asad were not my kinsman I would save thee this trouble but he is my mother's sister's son, and I can do nothing against him." Usayd took his lance and went and stood over them and said, with as fierce an expression as he could muster: "What bringeth the two of you here, to make fools of our weaker brethren? Leave us, if ye have any care for your lives." Musab looked at him and said gently: "Why not be seated and hear what I have to say? Then, if it please thee, accept it; and if not, keep thyself clear of it." "That is fairly spoken," said Usayd, who liked both the appearance and the manner of the Prophet's envoy; and striking his lance in the ground he sat down beside them. Musab spoke to him about Islam and recited the Koran to him; and Usayd's expression changed, so that those who were present could see Islam in his face from the light that shone in it and the repose that softened it even before he spoke, "How excellent are these words and how beautiful!" he said, when Musab had finished. "What do ye do, if ye wish to enter this rehgion?" They told him that he must wash himself from head to foot in order to be purified, and that he must also purify his garments and then perform the prayer. There was a well in the garden where they were sitting, so he washed himself and purified his garments and testified There is no god but God and Muhammad is the Messenger of God. They showed him how to pray, and he prayed. Then he said: "There is a man behind me who, if he follow you, will be followed without fail by every man of his people, and I will send him to you now." So he went back to his clansmen, and even before he reached them they could see that he was a changed man. "What hast thou done?" said Sa'd. "I spake unto the two men," said Usayd, "and by God I saw no harm in them. But I forbade them to continue and they said: We will do as thou wilt.' "I see thou hast been of no avail," said Sad, taking the lance from his hand and setting off to where the believers were still sitting peacefully in the garden. He remonstrated with his cousin As'ad and upraided him for taking advantage of their kinship. But Musab intervened, speaking to him just as he had spoken to Usayd, whereupon Sa'd agreed to listen to him, and the result Was finally the same. When Sa'd had performed the prayer, he rejoined Usayd and those that were with him and together they went to the assembly of their people. Sa'd addressed them and said: "What know ye of my standing amongst you?" "Thou art our liege lord," they answered, "and the best of us in judgement, and the most auspicious in leadership." "Then I tell you," he said, "I swear I will speak neither to your men nor to your women until ye believe in God and His Messenger." And by nightfall there was no man or woman of his clan who had not entered Islam. Musab stayed with Asad for about eleven months, and many were the people who embraced Islam during that time. Then, when the month of the next Pilgrimage drew near, he returned to Mecca to give tidings to the Prophet of how he had fared among the various clans of Aws and Khazraj. The Prophet knew that the well watered land between two tracts of black stones which he had seen in a vision was Yathrib, and he knew that this time he too would be of the emigrants. Now there were few people in Mecca whom he trusted so much as his aunt by marriage, Umm al-Fadl. He was also certain that his uncle Abbas, although he had not entered Islam, would never betray him and never divulge a secret confided to him. So he told them both that he hoped to go and live in Yathrib and that much depended on the delegation which was expected from the oasis for the coming Pilgrimage. On hearing this, 'Abbas said that he felt it his duty to go with his nephew to meet the delegates and speak with them, and the Prophet agreed. Not long after Musab's departure, some of the Muslims of Yathrib set out upon the Pilgrimage as had been arranged between him and them, in all seventy-three men and two women, hoping to make contact with the Prophet. One of their leaders was a Khazrayite chief named Bara', and during the first days of the journey a preoccupying thought came over him. They were on their way towards Mecca wherein was the House of God, the Kabah, the greatest centre of pilgrimage for the whole of Arabia; and therein was also the Prophet, to whom they were going, and it was there that the Koran had been revealed, and thither their souls were moving ahead of them in aspiration. Was it then right or reasonable, when the time came for prayer, that they should turn their backs on that direction and face towards the north, towards Syria? This may have been more than a mere thought, for Bara' had only a few more months to live, and men who are near to death are sometimes gifted with premonitions. However that may be, he told his companions what was in his mind, whereupon they said that as far as they knew the Prophet was wont to pray towards Syria, that is towards Jerusalem, and they did not wish to differ from him. "I shall pray towards the Kabah," said Bara', and he did so throughout the journey, while all the others continued to pray towards Jerusalem. They remonstrated with him to no avail, except diat when they arrived in Mecca he had some misgivings and he said to Kab ibn Malik, one of his younger clansmen - and one of the more gifted poets of Yathrib: "Son of my brother, let us go to the Messenger of God and ask him about what I did on this journey
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language and topic to help keep this channel family friendly. <ubunubi> LieZ^: both dbus-x11 and dbus are both in the repo <hiptobecubic> i have ssh'd to another box using the -X flag to enable X11, but how can i start apps and have them show up on the remote display instead of my local display <ubunubi> LieZ^: and installed by default on my system anyway <LieZ^> are they? hold on a sec <teq> enmasse: yes <ra21vi> unop: filename is ${USER}.foo.bar would always be root.foo.bar when executed with sudo <herrmess> enmasse: System->Administration->Synaptic Package Manager-> Search for Privoxy <Shujah> enmasse, tor & privoxy are on ubuntu repos so should work without any tweaking? have you tried installing them <ubunubi> LieZ^: version 1.1.20-1ubuntu2 (for both) <herrmess> Both Privoxy and Tor are there, mark them for install. <enmasse> shuraj im confused on HOW TO install them <enmasse> okay will do herrmess, what i tried was going to the main site for tor and getting it from there <enmasse> what does this mean sudo apt-get install irssi? <teq> hey guys I think i fcked my repository how can i get it back? thanks <ubunubi> teq: we need more details than that <trashguy> enmasse, it istall the irc client irrsi <LieZ^> im getting package-dbus-x11 has no installation candidate? <enmasse> trashguy, i've installed the client where do i find it though? <Shujah> open gnome menu > system > administration > synaptic manager (search for tor) select press apply and so on <teq> ubunubi: packages that should be in the repo are not there <trashguy> enmasse, type irssi <unop> ra21vi, you shouln't call the same script itself, you need to call another script passing the filename as an argument - sorry if that name "myscript" mislead you <ubunubi> LieZ^: are you on an up-to-date hardy intsall? <teq> ubunubi: how can i reconfigure it? <rgb> crimsun: Copy? <LieZ^> ubuntu server my good man <izmeh> man, i'm loving linux <hlfshell> hey guys - trying to advise a friend with clonezilla. anyone know of a repository that has the package for it or am i going to have to walk him through installing it? <zyrorl_> izmeh - id love it more if i could somehow unlock draft-n wireless on it:S <ubunubi> LieZ^: dunno what to tell ya. both of them are showing installed, and in the repo and up to date for me, and i only have the default repo's turned on <perhamlinux> Gnea, are you there? <izmeh> zyrorl_: wish i could help ya <ubunubi> LieZ^: search for x11 and dbus with a space between them, and Name and Description turned on <ubunubi> LieZ^: in synaptic <solexious> [Q] Is there a ubuntu command line program to see the status of a jetdirect printer? <bayden> can movies run on ubuntu <LieZ^> soound like a noob mode, how do i get on synaptic im only used to working with CLI <ubunubi> bayden: sure if you install the correct codecs from mediabuntu <Shaba1> what type of movies bayden <ali__> hey guys <Shaba1> In other words what video formats are you talking about <ubunubi> LieZ^: do you have an X desktop environment setup? <ali__> its me enmasse on irssi <ali__> :D <bayden> well the dark knight <LieZ^> yes im on vnc and ssh now two connections <enmasse> hey im ali on irssi <bayden> a 2 or 3 hour movie <zyrorl_> bayden: if you mean porn yes. <ubunubi> LieZ^: just gksudo synaptic then <Shujah> enmasse had such a french seductive touch to it :( <zyrorl_> if you mean anything else, no it wont work <enmasse> lol <bayden> ooo where can i find tHAT <bayden> =) <bayden> LOL <zyrorl> just do an apt-get install vlc <zyrorl> it'll play anything <bayden> mediabuntu? <lenswipe> terminal keeps crashing when i start it, anyone got ny ideas?? <zyrorl> or mplayer but you'll probably want mplayer-gui as well <lenswipe> ï»¿terminal keeps crashing when i start it, anyone got ny ideas?? <monostone> I love xine <bayden> do i just download it then install it? <lenswipe> ï»¿terminal keeps crashing when i start it, anyone got ny ideas?? <rgb> zyrorl: It's also horrible with subtitle tracks. <zyrorl> or xine <monostone> it plays dvd isos, everything <ubunubi> !patience \| lens <ubottu> lens: The people here are volunteers, your attitude should reflect that. Answers are not always available. See http://wiki.ubuntu.com/IrcGuidelines <Shujah> lenswipe, have you edited the terminal profiles <zyrorl> rgb - i speak english... natively so i dont need subs <zyrorl> usually <lenswipe> Shujah: not that i know of... <teq> lenswipe: try sudo aptitude upgrade && update <zyrorl> but yeah vlc's subtitles rendering is horrible <overlordpuppy> Is there a mlt and mlt++ package? <lenswipe> teq: i cant, terminal keeps crashing... <acid2_> Shujah: that doesn't fix the fact that characters overlap with some fonts <ubunubi> lenswipe: you'll probably have to reboot into recovery mode <teq> ctrl+alt+f1 and then do that <rgb> zyrorl: Many English speakers require subtitles to watch certain content. Not every English Speaker watches only video in the English language. <Shaba1> I use vlc <lenswipe> ubunbi: and do what? <Shaba1> though I need to find another dvd burning program for windows <rgb> In my case, yeah I need my subtitles. <Shaba1> I have an old copy of nero vision experss that has seen its best days <lenswipe> ubuntubi: what do i do when im in recovery mode? <zyrorl> rgb: i can also speak portuguese natively, and am fluent in spanish and can understand french and german <LieZ^> ubunubi: must be something wrong with my repos its not showing <zyrorl> :P <zyrorl> i agree though... vlcs subs are pretty poor <rgb> zyrorl: Similar here, English, Dutch, German and French. <ubunubi> lenswipe: i'd assume delete your bash profile <rgb> zyrorl: Speak the first two, understand the latter. <zyrorl> i'm assuming you watch many asian movies? <rgb> zyrorl: Yup. <lenswipe> ubuntubi: and how do i do that? <zyrorl> fair enough <ubunubi> lenswipe:: try alt+f2, sudo gnome-terminal and see if it launches. if it does, it's just a matter of removing your user profile <aesonn> hello, anyone here have any experience using oracle 10g express on ubuntu? <lenswipe> ubuntubi: kk <Shujah> who was asking about the subs ? <rgb> zyrorl: Chinese and Japanese are a bit too hard to learn quickly at sufficient level. <ubunubi> lenswipe:: er gksudo gnome-terminal, sorry <
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3492, 3497, 15, 50276, 510, 1895, 310, 27, 619, 15034, 1618, 588, 320, 3562, 23043, 285, 253, 3492, 7286, 347, 973, 313, 249, 436, 1083, 253, 2936, 5200, 10556, 588, 320, 12691, 432, 49459, 481, 3856, 310, 619, 14741, 2127, 835, 253 ]	<pathelement location="${test.target}" /> </path> First you need to setup where Ant can find the Emma libraries: <path id="emma.lib" > <pathelement location="${emma.dir}/emma.jar" /> <pathelement location="${emma.dir}/emma_ant.jar" /> </path> Then import the task: <taskdef resource="emma_ant.properties" classpathref="emma.lib" /> Then instrument the code: <target name="coverage.instrumentation"> <mkdir dir="${instr.target}"/> <mkdir dir="${coverage}"/> <emma> <instr instrpath="${target}" destdir="${instr.target}" metadatafile="${coverage}/metadata.emma" mode="copy"> <filter excludes="Test"/> </instr> </emma> <!-- Update the that will run the instrumented code --> <path id="test.classpath"> <pathelement location="${instr.target}"/> <path refid="junit.classpath"/> <pathelement location="${emma.dir}/emma.jar"/> </path> </target> Then run a target with the proper VM arguments like: <jvmarg value="-Demma.coverage.out.file=${coverage}/coverage.emma" /> <jvmarg value="-Demma.coverage.out.merge=true" /> Finally generate your report: <target name="coverage.report" depends="coverage.instrumentation"> <emma> <report sourcepath="${source}" depth="method"> <fileset dir="${coverage}" > <include name="*.emma" /> </fileset> <html outfile="${coverage}/coverage.html" /> </report> </emma> </target> Bazooka Candy offers fans a new way to enjoy gummies with the introduction of the new Push Pop Gummy Roll. The one-of-a-kind treat features an innovative dispenser that lets fans push out and tear off a strip of sanded gummy candy and then save the rest to enjoy later. The Push Pop Gummy Roll is available in four of the brand’s best-selling Push Pop flavors: Strawberry, Watermelon, Blue Raspberry, and Berry Blast. Push Pop Gummy Roll joins Bazooka’s lineup of recent gummy innovations, including Ring Pop Gummy Gems and the Baby Bottle Pop Gummy Blast. Look for the new Push Pop Gummy Roll at the checkout in leading retailers nationwide. Image – Bazooka CandyQ: How to create performance counters that are exposed by jmx and accessed via jconsole? How to create performance counters that are exposed by jmx and accessed via jconsole? Say whenever I instantiate a particular object, I increment a counter. I want to expose the counter value so I can view the value in jconsole. How would I go about doing this? A: There's a few steps: Define an MBean interface that exposes your counter. Create an implementation of that interface Register the implementation with the platform MBean server using ManagementFactory.getPlatformMBeanServer().registerMBean(...) Access the MBean from jconsole There are details in the JMX tutorial. Q: Can I run Java or .NET apps on a Windows 8.1 tablet? I've only owned iOS and Android tablets but I am thinking about getting a sub-$200 Windows 8.1 tablet. Mostly for eBay and browsing. But, being a .NET (and Java) developer, I'm interested in running my custom applications on it. Forgive me if this isn't the correct place to ask this but I couldn't find a "Microsoft" site on SE. Anyway, my questions are: 1) Can I just copy my .NET (2.0+) applications over and run them? 2) Assuming I can run "normal" .NET, do I have to use Metro applications or would Winforms, MVC, etc. run as well? 3) Can I run Java applications? Mostly applications built with Tomcat and Spring MVC. 4) Can I play Minecraft?? :-) That's a bonus question. Thanks! A: Assuming an Intel 8.1 tablet (not an RT tablet), then you can run basically anything x86 on it, assuming performance, screen size, finger touch input, etc. are all acceptable. I've run many different things on x86 Windows tablets, including desktop VLC, the Tor Browser bundle, and the PC version of the DirecTV Genie app, all with success. Basically, the fact it's on a tablet doesn't change that it's an x86 Windows PC, just with the tablet form factor. You can look at this as good (my apps run!) or bad (these apps I'm running don't work well in this form factor), but either way, they run. Search form Our View We saw it two years ago in Nokomis when the state’s widening of U.S. 41 crippled businesses, costing them untold amounts in lost sales. Some businesses were so devastated they shut down. Similar effects are feared downtown on Palm Avenue and Main Street and around Five Points over the next several months, as the city begins construction on its new parking garage on Palm and the roundabout at Five Points. Robert and Roberta Turoff, owners of the Golden Apple Dinner Theatre, are particularly worried. They reported last week their phone inquiries dropped 30% soon after stories began appearing in newspapers about the coming construction projects. Their concern prompted the Turoffs to ask the Downtown Improvement District taxing authority for a $144,000 loan to help them through the construction period. The district’s board declined. This is a perplexing issue. Who, if anyone, has an obligation to assist or provide compensation when manmade disruptions such as public road projects or, say, the construction of a high-rise adversely affect businesses? For natural disasters and disruptions, businesses can and do purchase business-interruption insurance. It’s costly, and in most instances, it wouldn’t make economic sense to carry such insurance as a safeguard against public works or condo-construction projects. Nonetheless, losing business at the restaurants and retailers on lower Main Street between Pineapple and Palm Avenues and along the 1300 block of N. Palm Avenue is real. The latter is expected to be closed for a month. Should they be compensated? That would seem fair. Indeed, one of the fundamentals of private-property rights is that your neighbor has no right to harm you. But once you entertain the idea of providing compensation because of construction, you enter the dangerous arena of subsidies — who gets them and how much? What a nightmare. As one developer told us, there is also this: If, say, the city provides a financial subsidy to the affected businesses, shouldn’t the city also share in the profits that result from the benefits of the public improvements? Meanwhile, the Downtown Improvement District will offer a valet-parking service for the affected areas, and it is considering a media campaign to encourage consumers to continue to shope and dine downtown during the construction. Look at the summer projects as a time of need. We need our downtown businesses and want them to survive. During this period of difficulty, let’s show them our support. BOXApril Fools' AliensIf you were fooled by our April Fools’ spoofs last week, check out this story from last week’s London Telegraph: The Al Ghad newspaper published a front-page article claiming a UFO landing near the desert town of Jafr. The report said the aliens lit up the whole town, interrupted communications and sent fearful residents streaming into the streets. Jafr’s mayor, Mohammed Mleihan, was fooled by the paper’s prank and sent security authorities in search of the aliens. “Students didn’t go to school, their parents were frightened, and I almost evacuated the town’s 13,000 residents,” he said. “People were scared that aliens would attack them.” A Jordanian security official, speaking on condition of anonymity, said an emergency plan was almost enacted in Jafr. Mleihan said he may sue the daily for its “big lie” but added that the paper had called to apologize for the inconvenience caused by the joke. Al Ghad’s managing editor, Moussa Barhoumeh, tried to defuse the situation, saying the report has been “blown out of proportion.”Q: JQuery and PHP for dynamically created elements Can somebody pls help me? I'm currently working on a dynamic website. I have 2 navigations points and I have a video window on the right side. By clicking on one navigation point the respective video should appear in the video window. The problem is: my navigation list will be created dynamically and the video appearance as well (in this case the urls videos will be embedded from Youtube). Here is my PHP code where the
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706, 874, 14, 34, 1935, 22106, 1876, 4341, 275, 657, 7988, 32492, 6915, 308, 14, 13996, 9870, 14, 34, 2522, 11981, 8, 187, 1532, 187, 187, 9624, 26259, 13, 16239, 11891, 13, 7741, 17621, 13, 7985, 1708, 5511, 313, 55, 7988, 481, 187, 187, 14214, 187, 7770, 187, 187, 936, 2990, 31140, 13, 670, 5096, 6, 273, 11744, 941, 10393, 310, 407, 24340, 4212, 1008 ]	a recent article penned by Yazhu Ling, Lead Image Quality Engineer at Essential. The Essential Phone features a dual rear cameraEssential Products In the article, Ling details the Essential Phone’s camera hardware and then goes on to explain how the phone’s twin cameras can be used to produce cleaner images with less image noise and also details the often painstaking process of tuning the image processing algorithms to produce the most visually appealing results. There are many different ways of implementing a dual camera. You can use lenses with different focal lengths in order to enable an optical zoom effect, or you can use a pair of similar lenses in order to double up on the amount of light captured. You can also opt for two colour sensors or a mix of colour and black and white. In most cases you can also use the parallax difference between the lenses to calculate depth, which helps with simulating shallow depth-of-field effects as found in Apple’s iPhone 7 Plus. The Essential Phone, unlike the iPhone 7 Plus, comes with separate colour and black-and-white sensors, of 13 megapixels each, installed behind identical f/1.9 lenses. Ling explains how a separate monochrome camera produces an image with higher resolution and lower noise than a colour version. This monochrome image is taken at the same time as a colour one, the two then being fused together to create a high-quality colour image. The Colour image (left) is combined with a monochrome image (middle) to produce a high quality final image (right)Yazhu Ling / Essential Products Ling’s sample image here shows very clear improvements to be gained from using the dual camera configuration. As single camera system would produce an image like the one on the left, but by combining it with the data from the black and white image in the middle, the much cleaner image on the right can be achieved. Look closely at the sky and the building in the background and you will see far less image noise or ‘grain’ in the final picture. Detail from the image above shows much more detail in the combined image on the right.Yazhu Ling / Essential Products However, as Ling explains, there’s much more to the process than simply merging the two images with a simple algorithm. Instead, many decisions have to be made on exactly how to process the information from the two cameras, and this is the main focus of Ling’s work. As well as ensuring that each camera is correctly calibrated for exposure and focus, Ling also has to decide how real-world scenes are processed to achieve the best possible results, and this means tuning the algorithms to handle different scenarios in different ways which require “deep understanding of both the engineering and artistic nuances of how an image is produced.” Ling explains that this tuning process has been on-going since January 2017 and has seen 15 major tuning iterations in that time. You can see some of the effects of this process in the image below (full size images available in the original article). Having been tried several times with varying degrees of success, dual cameras are finally starting to take over. The iPhone 7 Plus’ portrait mode has captured the imagination of many and now all eyes are on Samsung in expectation of the Galaxy Note 8 with a dual rear camera system of its own. Here’s hoping we see smaller companies such as Essential giving the major competition a run for their money. I’ve worked as a technology journalist since the early nineties. My passion is photography and the ever-changing hardware and software that creates it, be it traditional cameras and Photoshop or smartphones and tablets with their numerous apps."Without support and funding from Harvest, we would be unable to develop, promote and sustain initiatives to address health issues and work toward a healthier future for Martinsville and Henry County. " NEWSROOM From stargazing to trying “astronaut food,” more than 200 Martinsville students took a virtual trip through space last week in NASA SEMAA summer camp. SEMAA, which stands for Science, Engineering, Math and Aerospace Academy, is a program based at Martinsville Middle School that uses NASA lesson plans and technology to get students in kindergarten through eighth grade interested in studying science, engineering, technology and math. Martinsville Schools hosts the only SEMAA lab in Virginia, one of 16 in the country. The free summer camp for elementary and middle school students, held at Albert Harris Elementary School, wrapped up Friday. “We’ve done a lot of fun, hands-on science this week,” said SEMAA Site Director Anne Stultz. “They’ve learned a lot about the planets, as well as earth science and math. Camp reinforces what they learned during the school year, and hopefully this will help them retain it over the summer.” “Houston, we have a problem,” joked teacher Lizzy Keatts last week as she and Martinsville Middle School student Harrison Toole tried to launch a small rocket for a crowd of eager campers. Then, in a cloud of smoke, the rocket shot high up into the sunlight, prompting loud cheers from the younger students in the audience. Keatts also made a “Coke rocket” and demonstrated a reaction by dropping a roll of Mentos mints into a bottle of Diet Coke. It caused the soda to foam and shoot straight up out of the bottle, much to the delight of the students. “I like everything about it,” rising seventh-grader Tre Davis said about SEMAA camp. “We learn about rockets. I like building stuff and engineering.” Tre’s group of middle school campers designed and made different kinds of paper gliders and then threw them down the hallway to see whose traveled the farthest. One of his favorite activities, Tre said, was watching video footage of astronauts in space. “I like watching how they eat and move and get around when there’s no gravity,” he said. Rising third-grade campers tried their own zero-gravity activity, making “space food” by crushing together graham crackers, peanut butter and honey. Then, they snipped a hole in a plastic bag and slurped the mixture out to mimic how astronauts eat their meals in space. “It’s yummy. I want to make it again,” said Erin Mitchell. Students were asked why they think astronauts have to eat their food through a straw. "Because there’s no gravity,” Erin said. “If you had a plate in space, food would just float up.” Rising third-grader Alexis Plunkett said one of her favorite activities was the STARLAB, a portable planetarium dome that let all the campers see the constellations firsthand. They also learned about the Greek myths that gave the constellations their names, about the earth’s rotation and about the planets in the Milky Way galaxy. First-graders made a “universe in a jar” using blue food coloring and glitter to mimic the stars, while second-graders drew a model of the solar system on the sidewalk and made sunprints on special photographic paper. Fourth-graders grew crystals from salt and looked at them using microscopes. Each fourth-grader also had a container of worms, which they weighed, fed and cared for during the week. Christian Holland said he really enjoyed learning about the worms. “They provide oxygen and nutrients for the plants,” he said. “They sleep here in the dirt and eat 2 grams a day.” Students fed their worms dirt and fruit. Christian said he named his worms “Accelerate, because they’re fast.” Editor’s note: Kim Barto is community outreach and grants coordinator for the city schools.--- abstract: 'Visible light communication (VLC) uses huge license-free spectral bandwidth of visible light for high-speed wireless communication. Since each VLC access point covers a small area, handovers of mobile users are inevitable. In order to deal with these handovers, developing fast and effective resource allocation algorithms is a challenge. This paper introduces the problem of mobility-aware optimization of resources in VLC networks using the T-step look-ahead policy and employing the notion of handover efficiency. It is shown that the handover efficiency can correlate the overall performance of the network with future actions based on the mobility of users. Due to the stationary nature of indoor optical wireless channels, future channel state information (CSI) can be predicted by anticipating the future locations of users. A resource allocation algorithm is thus proposed, which uses CSI to dynamically allocate network resources to users. To solve this mathematically intractable problem, a novel relaxation method is proposed, which proves to be a useful tool to develop efficient algorithms for network optimization problems with a proportional fairness utility function. The resulting algorithm is extremely faster than the previous method and awareness of mobility enhances the overall performance of the network in terms of rate and fairness utility function.' author: - 'Mohammad Amir Dastgheib, Hamzeh Beyranvand, Jawad A. Salehi, , and Martin Maier, [^1][^2][^3][^4]' bibliography: - 'IEEEabrv.bib' - 'VLCrefs.bib' title: 'Mobility-Aware Resource Allocation in VLC Networks Using T-Step Look-Ahead Policy' --- Load balancing, mobility awareness, resource allocation, visible light communication (VLC). Introduction ============ to network analytics, about 80% of wireless data usage is by indoor users [@
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347, 3192, 327, 2710, 643, 23768, 432, 643, 8548, 15, 187, 187, 42, 671, 1728, 14, 23081, 366, 619, 767, 2151, 342, 253, 1361, 273, 619, 7832, 285, 717, 7730, 281, 247, 14898, 534, 556, 616, 1682, 6284, 387, 2798, 15, 380, 958, 326, 309, 6947, 594, 1199, 673, 342, 619, 5753, 285 ]	lose. Over all it really doesn't affect my daily life like being blind or deaf would. Silver linings, you know. ;) Well I can answer this because for the last three months I have not been able to smell due to sinitus infection that just wont go away. Although I am not as hungry and do not crave food I stil eat what I fancy and the body recalls the taste and smell of the food. I could be eatting anything! Although I can not taste at all my brain kicks in and tells me what it is supposed to taste like. It is very depressing I can tell you! Although not being able to smell does have its advantages. My husband has done all the cooking because I am a danger in the kitchen. If I place bread under the grill it would catch fire or burn because I simply get distracted and cant smell it. I can not season food or cook from scratch as I have no idea what it tastes like! And best of all if the puppy poops behind the chair I cant smell it, so my husband cleans that up as well. Its that pleasure pain thing! I am hoping for a full recovery soon as eatting is so boring without the smell and tastes of the food I love.Story highlights Sen. Sanders said Monday that health care is a "right, not a privilege" Sanders spoke to the NAACP national convention Washington (CNN) Sen. Bernie Sanders slammed Senate Republicans' health care bill as "destructive" and "irresponsible" in a speech at the NAACP national convention in Baltimore on Monday. Calling the bill the "cruelest, most destructive and irresponsible piece of legislation ever brought to the United States Senate in the modern history of this country," Sanders highlighted the possible effects of the bill's provisions, which include cutting Medicaid, defunding Planned Parenthood and roadblocks for those with pre-existing conditions. Sanders also criticized Republicans for not holding hearings on the bill and writing it "behind closed doors." "This legislation is overwhelmingly opposed by the American people, overwhelming opposed by virtually every health care organization in this country," Sanders said, listing a number of organizations that oppose the bill, including AARP and the American Cancer Society. Sanders' remarks were a part of the conference's policy discussions, which included a panel of Democratic legislators such as Maryland Sen. Ben Cardin, Illinois Sen. Tammy Duckworth, California Sen. Kamala Harris, Virginia Rep. Bobby Scott, and Texas Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee as well as Republican Virginia Rep. Scott Taylor. Read MoreMaduromycosis of the brain. Case report. A rare case of a gas-containing brain abscess due to verified maduromycosis is described. Blackish material over the abscess cavity revealed the fungal elements. The pus from the abscess contained Streptococcus hemolyticus and Klebsiella organisms.This invention is directed at reducing cravings in mammals. More specifically the present invention is directed at reducing the cravings of a mammal to any dopamine mediated cravings including food or addictive substances. Considerable research has been directed at obesity, nicotine addiction and substance abuse. The cost to society is very high from the health costs associated with obesity, tobacco consumption, and drug and alcohol abuse. While many individuals choose to lose weight, stop smoking and/or cease abusing drugs or alcohol, they frequently relapse into their former patterns of behavior during or shortly after they complete their treatment programs. Often this may be caused by subtle signals in the environment which initiate cravings in the individual for food or the substance which they had abused. Accordingly, it would be desirable to provide a substance which would suppress cravings for food and/or abused substances in a predisposed mammal. The use of D.sub.1 antagonists in the treatment of drug abuse is known. U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,973,586 and 5,302,716 disclose the use of D.sub.1 antagonists in treating drug dependence. A dosage range of 0.02-10 mg/kg was suggested, with 2.0 mg/kg divided over 1-3 administrations per day being particularly preferred. Spealman, et al., Neurochem. Int. Vol. 20 Suppl., 99147S-152S (1992) discloses that cocaine is a robust reinforcer and often is used as a standard for evaluating the reinforcing effects of other drugs. When SCH 39166 was administered to monkeys, a 3-fold or greater increase in the dose of cocaine usually was required to restore characteristic self-administration performances. Barrett-Larimore and Spealman in Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 22(2): 92 5 (1996) reported that several compounds including the D.sub.1 antagonist SCH 39166, a D.sub.2 antagonist and a D.sub.3 /D.sub.4 antagonist all were able to attenuate the cocaine-seeking behavior in a cocaine relapse model. Clifton, 1995 and Clifton, 1991 have indicated that the D.sub.1 antagonists SCH39166 and SCH 23390 have no effect on total food intake, meal size or feeding rate up to 3 mg/kg. Caine and Koob in The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Vol. 270, No. 1 pp. 209-218 (1994) describe tests on D.sub.1 antagonists SCH 39166 and SCH 23390 for cocaine and food self-reinforcement. D1 antagonists were found to affect cocaine self-administration. Chausmer and Ettenberg in Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior Vol. 57, No. 4, pp. 681-685 (1997) conducted tests on D.sub.1 and D2 antagonists in response re-instatement properties of food reward. They found that the D.sub.2 antagonist raclopride was sufficient to block the response-reinstating effects of food reinforcement, but the D.sub.1 antagonist SCH 39166 was not. Nathan, Breskin and Batki in CNS Drugs Jul. 10, 1998 (1) pp. 43-59 summarize results in treating cocaine addiction with various drugs. Lancet, Volume 347 pp. 504-508 (Feb. 14, 1996) reports that haloperidol was tested for decreasing desire for an abused substance. However, this compound is reported to have had significant adverse side effects, such as dysphoria, restlessness or stiffness, which reduces the desire for individuals to take them. It has been difficult to develop substances which inhibit craving in mammals, particularly humans, because of the lack of reliable animal models which correlate well with human behavior. Substances which are administered to reduce craving should not produce significant physiological effects, such as stimulation of mood or elevate blood pressure or heart rate. This could result in the substitution of one abused substance for another. Compounds which dampen the desire for the abused substance also should not exacerbate the physiological symptoms of the abused substance in the event the individual relapses and takes the abused substance. Substances administered to reduce craving also should not produce significant adverse affects, such as dysphoria, restlessness or stiffness. Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a compound and method of treatment which will be active in reducing craving for the abused substance, and which does not exacerbate the sympathetic response rate caused by the abused substance and which has favorable pharmacodynamic effects. It also is desirable to provide a compound and method of treatment which blocks the euphoric and dysphoric effects of the abused substance.Naomi C. Writer and researcher Plymouth, United Kingdom I can offer fantastic rates on a wide variety of article writing assignments, with a fresh and engaging style which is perfect for organisations and businesses that are a little...Read moreI can offer fantastic rates on a wide variety of article writing assignments, with a fresh and engaging style which is perfect for organisations and businesses that are a little different from the mainstream. Discounts are available for charities, so please get in touch to discuss your requirements. I have been working as a freelance writer and researcher since 2010 providing SEO, web content and high quality articles for a wide variety of high profile clients. I also home-educate my two children with the help of my partner and am committed to a lifestyle which has their best interests at heart. The fact that I spend so much time with my kids and engage in many creative and play based activities throughout the day gives my work a focus and insight which is unique yet incredibly accessible. As a supplement to my writing income, I work as a storyteller and independent ambassador for Barefoot Books. Barefoot Books began with two mothers who wanted their children to have books that would feed the imagination, while instilling a respect for diversity and a love of the planet. I am part of a world-wide community of writers, artists, storytellers, musicians, and others who are committed to providing timeless stories and captivating art that can help children become happy, engaged members of a global society. Area Covered: Global Industry: Outsourcing/Offshoring Employees: 1 Work Experience ----------------- Summary: I have been home-shoring for a number of years and have covered a wide variety of different fields including call-center work, customer services and direct sales. Literature is one of my greatest loves, so it was a natural progression for me to become a freelance writer and I have worked with the same company since 2010 as well as taking on various other assignments from other clients. I also home-educate my two children with the help of my partner and am committed to a lifestyle which has their best interests at heart. The fact that I spend so much time with my kids and
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342, 352, 32, 309, 452, 3597, 281, 12119, 964, 11368, 13, 964, 8567, 13, 964, 23200, 9508, 15, 4410, 301, 253, 10651, 285, 1160, 247, 4228, 3168, 4114, 15, 309, 1849, 2218, 352, 512, 1051, 309, 1158, 15, 6101, 2915, 452 ]	) - Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group Inc (MUFG) on Wednesday sued New York’s banking regulator to stop its effort to continue to supervise Japan's largest lender after it switched its state branches to federal oversight this week, according to court filings. NEW YORK (Reuters) - Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group Inc (MUFG) on Wednesday sued New York’s banking regulator to stop its effort to continue to supervise Japan's largest lender after it switched its state branches to federal oversight this week, according to court filings.Q: SQL query different results between workbench and PHP script in the same date range I have a PHP script that helps me to make some financial reports like capital, profits, total sold item, total item in store between 2 dates: $result[] = 0; $res[] = 0; $fetchStat[]=0; if(isset($_POST['generate_capital'])) { $from_d = $_POST['from_d']; $to_d = $_POST['to_d']; $stat = "SELECT sum(sell_quantity(sell_price-init_price)) AS 'rebeh', sum(init_price(quantity-sell_quantity)) AS 'capital', sum(sell_pricesell_quantity) AS 'profits', sum(quantity) AS 'total_item', sum(sell_quantity) AS 'total_sell' FROM purchases WHERE date_now BETWEEN :d1 AND :d2"; $stmtStat = $conn->prepare($stat); $stmtStat->bindValue(':d1', $from_d); $stmtStat->bindValue(':d2', $to_d); $execStat = $stmtStat->execute(); $fetchStat= $stmtStat->fetchAll(); } Now, the same query in MySQL workbench will give me a specific result: SELECT sum(sell_quantity(sell_price-init_price)) AS 'rebeh', sum(init_price(quantity-sell_quantity)) AS 'capital', sum(sell_pricesell_quantity) AS 'profits', sum(quantity) AS 'total_item', sum(sell_quantity) AS 'total_sell' FROM purchases WHERE date_now BETWEEN '2016-02-02' AND '2016-05-09' The result is: And the same query in the PHP script with the same date range will give me other values: I've changed the Arabic keywords with English ones so you can see the difference. Any help is appreciated. EDIT: Adding var_dump result for 2 dates A: As it stands, it appears that the most likely cause is that your date formats have the month and day in the wrong order, for the 2nd of February, that doesn't matter, but for the 9th of May, it would become the 5th of September. Now, the reason that the data for the 9th of May isn't included when you run the query directly is because a date is actually midnight on that date, making it exclusive of that date when it comes at the end of a between. It's possible there is something else, so if this doesn't work, try echoing out all your values at every point, until you know exactly what is being run, and it should become clear. To clarify, when using '/' in a date, MySQL uses the following format: '%d/%m/%Y' Which would explain why it works if you enter a string into your text box. Information Land of Common Sense (2017) Summary Sang Shik is described as a “wacko secretary” who dreams of being a top diplomat: Good-looking, athletic, and a competent fighter, he is described as “halfway between Jang Geu Rae [of Misaeng] and [spy comedy] Kingsman.” Nara, meanwhile, is a diplomat with strict principles who never does things by half-measures and doesn’t know how to hide even the smallest emotion, who’s described as halfway between the perfect diplomat and a nutjob--- Name: mirtop URL: https://github.com/miRTop/mirtop Description: Command line tool to annotate miRNAs with a standard mirna/isomir naming --- This tool is dedicated to the creation and management of miRNA alignment output using the standardized GFF3 format (https://github.com/miRTop/mirGFF3). A unified miRNA alignment format allows to easily compare the output of different alignement tools. Currently, mirtop can convert into mirGFF3 the outputs of commonly used pipelines, such as seqbuster, isomiR-SEA, sRNAbench, Prost! as well as BAM files. Best Most Stylish Reclining Couches 2017 By adminPosted on August 16, 2017November 11, 2017Best Most Stylish Reclining Couches 2017 February 2018 Reclining Couches – This The Most Stylish Reclining Couches 2017 photos was upload on August, 16 2017 by admin. Here latest Reclining Couches photos collection. Download other ideas about Reclining Couches in our other blog. Click on wallpapers to get The Most Stylish Reclining Couches 2017 in high resolution.Power Math for Power Circuits How Maple’s 3D capabilities helped solve the mystery of gate resistance on shoot through Desktop Engineering, October 2006 Alan Elbanhawy, a director at Fairchild Semiconductor International, examined the effects of lumped and distributed gate resistance on the phenomenon of shoot through (also known as cross conduction) in synchronous buck. He concludes: “Using Maple allowed us to investigate the interaction of all the important parameters in 3D representations that helped us understand the extent of the interdependencies. The 3D capability offers a very powerful visualization tool of the complete results. To achieve the same results using any other numerical simulation environment requires enormous amount of batch simulation, data compiling, and graphing.”Recurrent bacterial meningitis and impaired host defences. Recurrent pyogenic meningitis is uncommon. Its aetiology is often associated with impaired host defence mechanisms. Two such examples are discussed. Case 1 resulted from an anatomical defect and Case 2 a defect of the complement system.Q: Displaying Contents of an ArrayList that contains objects of another class with private fields How do I print the album title from the array-list if the contents of the object is in a private field in another class? Display Method public void displayAllAlbums() { for (int i = 0; i < AlbumList.size(); i++) { System.out.println(AlbumList.get(i)); } } Album Class that has private variables title and price. class Album { private String title; private double price; Album(String title, double price) { this.title = title; this.price = price; } public String getTitle() { return this.title; } public double getPrice() { return this.price; } } Cart Class adds songs to arraylist can also get total import java.util.*; public class Cart { List<Album> AlbumList = new ArrayList<Album>(); Main Method putting albums into addAlbum method public static void main(String[] args) { Cart cart1 = new Cart(); Album album1 = new Album("ye", 20); Album album2 = new Album("MBDTF", 16); cart1.addAlbum(album1); cart1.addAlbum(album2); System.out.println(cart1.getTotalAlbums()); cart1.displayAllAlbums(); } adding album to the arralist public void addAlbum(Album album) { AlbumList.add(album); } Unsure on how to display the album public void displayAllAlbums() { for (int i = 0; i < AlbumList.size(); i++) { System.out.println(AlbumList.get(i)); } } A: Do this. public void displayAllAlbums() { for (int i = 0; i < AlbumList.size(); i++) { Album album = AlbumList.get(i) System.out.println(album.getTitle() + " "+ album.getPrice()); } } Your Arraylist's objects are actually Album object. So when are accessing an ArrayList object via AlbumList.get(i) command, you're getting an Album object instance. So you pass it on to Album variable. Then access the private field via getter methods you've set up earlier! Cheers! Icon has Black Background It took me a while to just get the MailScanner link to show up, I had to even get WayToTheWeb to help me out with it! But now I've gotten the link to show and after having trouble getting the icon to show... its showing a black background! Anybody know whats up with it? I have tried to upload .jpg, .png, .gif versions. Redid the icon and made a static white background. I've done it all... I think. Anybody have
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1361, 281, 1614, 1066, 253, 15487, 20468, 313, 338, 352, 10654, 598, 582, 604, 368, 457, 250, 2104, 281, 15, 187, 187, 22529, 5566, 32598, 11055, 960, 187, 9586, 604, 368, 1053, 457, 85, 897, 32598, 4095, 13, 816, 1907, 32598, 10564, 476, 12657, 634, 9378, 15, 2896, 40806, 745, 32598, 13, 368, 476, 6379, 253, 7372, 326, 352, 12516, 327, 634 ]	b) The concentration profile of fenofibric acid in the brain.](PPAR2014-753587.005){#fig5} ###### The input parameters used during the simulation of plasma concentrations versus time profiles of fenofibric acid in rat model. Sr. number Input data Value ------------ ------------------------------------------- ------------------------ 1 MW 262.5 2 log⁡P 4.01 3 pK ~a~ (acidic) 3.56 4 Dose 27 mg/kg 5 Lower limit reference solubility (pH 7.4) 0.0294 mg/mL 6 Diffusion coefficient 0.825 × 10^−5^ cm^2^/s 7 Particle density 1.2 g/mL 8 Effective particle radius 5 µm 9 Effective permeability 7.66 × 10^−4^ cm/s 10 Physiology Fasted conditions 11 Absorption model Opt logD Model SA/V 12 Stomach transit time 0.1 h 13 Body weight 0.25 kg (Rat) 14 Clearance 1.1 mL/min/kg 15 Simulation time 36 h ###### The comparison of predicted and in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters of fenofibric acid. Sr. number Pharmacokinetic parameters In vivo Predicted Predicted/in vivo ratio ------------ ---------------------------- ---------------- ----------- ------------------------------- 1 AUC~0--t~ (µg h/mL) 274.68 ± 38.11 271.89 0.99 2 C ~max⁡~ (µg/mL) 20.49 ± 2.32 17.58 0.86 3 T ~max⁡~ (hours) 3.77 ± 0.64 3 0.80 4 f ~2~ Value 67.37 [^1]: Academic Editor: Constantinos Giaginis New 2019 Coachmen RV Clipper Ultra-Lite 16RBD This Clipper Ultra-Lite expandable 16RBD features front and rear expanding beds, and all the amenities you need to enjoy camping with family and friends. Step inside and see how much space you will have to enjoy with the rear expanding bed that is 54" x 74". Straight ahead there is a convenient bath which includes an angled shower, a toilet, and vanity with sink, plus overhead medicine cabinet. There is a kitchenette to your right as you enter featuring a two burner range, single sink, and storage overhead. A food pantry can be found opposite along side of the refrigerator with TV countertop above. In the front along the roadside find a dinette to enjoy your meals at, plus there is more seating opposite with a lounge including overhead storage. Both of these seating areas can easily become sleeping space if needed for family or extra guests. Also in front you will find an expanding bed that is 48" x 74". The expanding bed allows you to have the sleeping space you need without increasing your overall tow length. All this and more makes this a great camper for your family to enjoy! Options: BED END FAN LIGHT CLIPPER GRAPHICS DELUXE PKG FRONT WINDOW W/ ROCK GUARD RVIA SECOND BED END FAN LIGHT TOWABLE ESSENTIALS PKG TRAVEL EASY ROADSIDE ASSISTANCE What Our Customers Are Saying You will get my business always! Dear Mr. Beckley, I want to thank you and your entire staff for running a 1st class RV Dealership. As a fleet manager for Diamond Int. & Nabisco for 11 years in logging, trucking, and cookie delivery with combined fleets of 3,800 units on the road, when I find a quality organization A++ rated in my book, it is worthy of praise I met your sales team 6 years ago, so when I needed service on my Crossroads ... More » - Peter from Rock Hall, MD Rates and amount financed are determined by credit history. Your actual payments may vary. Plus tax, title and license. See dealer for details. Get Our Lowest Price Krazy Kelly's prices are so low, {mfg} won't allow us to display our price without you requesting it. So, please complete the simple form below to receive Krazy Kelly's Lowest Price! We'll get back with you as soon as possible, during normal business hours. Name Email Phone Zip Do you have a Trade In? Year Make Model# Mileage Amount Desired Tire Condition Last Resealed? Body Damage/Sidewall Delamination? If yes, please describe: Has the unit been smoked in? Leaks/Soft Floor/Soft Wall/Soft Ceiling/Discolored Paneling? If yes, please describe: Appliances in working order? Overall Condition Other Comments: It's ok to contact me about future discounts and events. (Easily unsubscribe at any time.) Coachmen RV is built upon a simple principle … “Dedicated to the enrichment of your life.” By providing you with long term value through all that we do, our focus is on providing a product with superior value and backing it through superior service and support. Once you become a Coachmen owner, we are committed to enhancing your Coachmen RV ownership and lifestyle experience… creating friends for life and memories that will last a lifetime. At Coachmen you will find a rich history of commitment from our Team Members. This commitment extends to our owners and in the pride we have for our brand. The close relationship that we share with our owners and our dealers is a quality that others have been trying to mimic over our 50 year history. Our goals and principles remain well in focus. We do create customers for life www.beckleysrvs.com Beckleys RVs is not responsible for any misprints, typos, or errors found in our website pages. Any price listed excludes sales tax, registration tags, and delivery fees. All prices may not include Beckley’s Camping Center’s 145 point pre-delivery inspection. Manufacturer-provided pictures, specifications and features may be used as needed. Inventory shown may be only a partial listing of the entire inventory. Please contact us at 800-615-6171 for availability as our inventory changes rapidly. All calculated payments are an estimate only and do not constitute a commitment that financing or a specific interest rate or term is available.Tip of the Week: How to Boost your Laptop’s Battery Power We all know the pains of having a laptop with low battery power, but sometimes it feels like you're perpetually plugging in your computer; even when it seems like the battery should last longer. These battery problems are common, but they aren’t an endgame for your laptop. There are several ways you can jumpstart your laptop’s battery. The purpose of a laptop is to remain portable while computing, and that isn’t possible if your battery is continuously failing. You shouldn’t have to be tied to an outlet on a daily basis in order to keep yourself productive. With these five tips, you should be able to keep your laptop alive significantly longer. Windows Updates Can Improve Battery Life If you want your computer to stay protected against the threats present in the online community, the latest patches for your operating system are a necessity. With Windows updates, you only receive these if you are using a supported operating system. Microsoft releases security updates and patches regularly, so you should have no problem maintaining the latest fixes for your operating system. As it turns out, these same updates can improve battery life. MTG can apply updates and patches to your systems remotely and securely, taking the responsibility of keeping your system secure off your shoulders. Optimize Your Power Settings In Windows 8.1, you have several options available to you to change your power settings. You can either choose a preset power plan, or build your own. To access these settings, look for the Power Options selection in the Control Panel. Some of the available options include: Screen brightness. How often the display turns off. When the computer sleeps. Where your computer’s resources are most allocated. Dim the Monitor Display Your laptop has several settings for brightness which can affect how long your battery lasts. Naturally, the higher the brightness on your monitor, the more energy it uses. According to CNet, the brightness of your monitor should be below half, or whatever is most comfortable for your eyes. In Windows 8.1, there is a slider which helps you adjust the brightness to the perfect degree. It can also help to turn down the keyboard brightness (if it lights up), if you’re able to. Turn Off Bluetooth Connections Even if you don’t use Bluetooth devices, just having Bluetooth activated can drain your battery. By shutting off Bluetooth, you can decrease the strain that it puts on your
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21, 13, 721, 9502, 428, 247, 20494, 1618, 342, 767, 3603, 15, 2064, 310, 13, 581, 323, 1016, 1953, 313, 9815, 4764, 481, 1893, 849, 476, 309, 1818, 253, 2127, 281, 14294, 436, 32, 187, 187, 6124, 2708, 27, 187, 1545, 20221, 45972, 9, 965, 13, 3533, 2262, 187, 50274, 1826, 64, 3550, 426, 8168, 187, 50274, 1826, 426, 8168, 535, 50274, 338, 1511, 9, 965, 10, 2295, 1618, 27, 187, 50270, 1542, 891, 275, 2491, 9, 18, 13, 3533, 559, 18, 2262, 187, 50266, 1542, 5382, 275, 632, 27, 535, 50262, 6870, 426, 40819, 565, 9, 4835, 60, 17, 1092, 5382, 60, 18, 3291, 187, 50262, 1826, 64, 3550, 15, 9691, 9, 6870, 10, 535, 50266, 1826, 15, 9691, 9, 1826, 64, 3550, 10, 535, 50274, 7271, 27, 187, 50270, 2309, 4890, 187, 50274, 2309, 747, 187, 187, 3845, 20221, 45972, 8850, 60, 17, 13, 608, 1092, 544, 18, 13, 721, 31011, 374, 10, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 1394, 452, 690, 6332, 13, 1611, 436, 1039, 27, 187, 1545, 20221, 45972, 9, 965, 13, 3533, 2262, 187, 50274, 338, 1511, 9, 965, 10, 2295, 1618, 27, 187, 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Id. at 438. Although the district court must consider the Chapter Seven policy statements and the requirements of 18 U.S.C. §§ 3553(a), 2 3583 (2006), “the court ultimately has broad discretion to revoke its previous sentence and impose a term of imprisonment up to the statutory maximum.” Crudup, 461 F.3d at 439 (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). Although a sentencing court must provide a sufficient explanation of the sentence to allow “effective review of [its] reasonableness” on appeal, United States v. Moulden, 478 F.3d 652, 657 (4th Cir. 2007) (probation revocation), the court need not “robotically tick through § 3553(a)’s every subsection,” or “explicitly discuss every § 3353(a) factor on the record.” United States v. Johnson, 445 F.3d 339, 345 (4th Cir. 2006). Our review of the record in this case leads us to conclude that the district court’s reasons supporting its sentencing decision are sufficiently apparent from the record. We conclude that the sentence is neither procedurally nor substantively unreasonable. See United States v. Finley, 531 F.3d 288, 297 (4th Cir. 2008) (applying Gall v. United States, 128 S. Ct. 586, 597 (2007), in reviewing a sentence to determine if it is plainly unreasonable). We therefore affirm Stephenson’s sentence. We dispense with oral argument because the facts and legal contentions are adequately presented in the materials before the court and argument would not aid the decisional process. AFFIRMED 3 Q: Output written to screen then to output file? Basically I had to read in some data from an input file and do some calculations to calculate the total-staff cost per unit, the input shown below in the following format <shop unit> <sales assistants> <hours> <rate> Unit One 4 32 8 38 6 38 6 16 7 Unit Two 0 Unit Three 2 36 7 36 7 Goes upto 9 shop units.. I then had to allow a user input which is the "Recommended maximum"(RM) and compare it with the total staff costs per unit. If the total staff cost per unit is less than or equal to RM then the details must be written to the screen and to an output text file called results.txt. If the amount is larger than RM then the results must be written to the screen only. Anyways here is my code below, and the bit im having problems with is the output mentioned above, Only shop unit 9 is printing to the output file and most of the time nothing prints to the console: if (total > reccomended_max) { System.out.println("The total staff wages for " + Unitnum + " is £" + total + ", therefore it is larger than the RM"); } else if (total == reccomended_max) { System.out.println("The total staff wages for " + Unitnum + " is £" + total + ", therefore it is equal to the RM"); } else { System.out.println("The total staff wages for " + Unitnum + " is £" + total + ", there it is less than the RM"); } I have shortened my code, because it has a lot of else if statements, What design pattern is suitable for removing many if and else or else if statements? A: Don't delegate System.out! Instead, simply write the result to both streams if required: if (total > reccomended_max){ String message = "The total staff wages for " + ...; try (PrintStream out = new PrintStream(new FileOutputStream("output.txt", true))) { out.println(message); } // here, the stream will be automatically flushed and closed! System.out.println(message); } else { System.out.println("The total staff wages for " + Unitnum + " is £" +total + ", therefore it is lower than the RM"); } omega watch chronograph 1960s omega watch ... Associated with alligain which on the way to allow them up so that it willrs chicken nest 134 Core-Fl, Fla. (Cbs the telly studios) The item getting a targeted arena away from a scary cinema, While a ton of alligators obtained somewhere out there a huge sinkhole covered having vultures backpackers witnessed set up continuing sculptures from space. 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I want the result to be [[0, 5], [4, 6]] - a nested list with two elements. That is, one for each question (second parameter). So how can I change the code to accomplish this? Code below: def RandomNumbers(li, questions): new_list = [] new = [] if type(li) == list: for i in range(1, questions +1): for item in li: result = randint(item[0], item[1]) new_list.append(result) new.append(new_list) else: return "" return new print RandomNumbers([[0, 5], [1, 6]], 2) A: You have some errors, try this way: def RandomNumbers(li, questions): if type(li) == list: new = [] for item in li: new_list = [] for i in range(questions): new_list.append(randint(item[0], item[1])) new.append(
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3214, 63, 19, 64, 90, 362, 46865, 187, 50274, 89, 13, 340, 393, 249, 544, 17, 13, 337, 1092, 5062, 393, 6190, 92, 395, 94, 5062, 85, 393, 249, 544, 17, 13, 337, 20924, 423, 92, 14856, 2138 ]	) and residual neural network (`maps.ResNet`). It is also convenient to choose different training hyperparameters, such as loss types, metrics, optimizers, learning rate schedules, initializations and regularizations. In addition to solving differential equations, DeepXDE can also be used to approximate functions from multi-fidelity data [@meng2019composite], and learn nonlinear operators [@lu2019deeponet]. Customizability --------------- All the components of DeepXDE are loosely coupled, and thus DeepXDE is well-structured and highly configurable. In this subsection, we discuss how to customize DeepXDE to address new problem requirements, e.g., new geometry or network architecture. ### Geometry As we introduced above, DeepXDE has already supported 7 basic geometries and the CSG technique. However, it is still possible that the user needs a new geometry, which cannot be constructed in DeepXDE. In this situation, a new geometry can be defined as shown in Procedure \[code:geometry\]. Currently DeepXDE does not support accurately descriptions of complex curvilinear boundaries; however, a future extension could be incorporation of the non-uniform rational basis spline (NURBS) [@hughes2005isogeometric] for such representations. ``` {.Python linenos=""} class MyGeometry(Geometry): def inside(self, x): """Check if x is inside the geometry.""" def on_boundary(self, x): """Check if x is on the geometry boundary.""" def boundary_normal(self, x): """Compute the unit normal at x for Neumann or Robin boundary conditions.""" def periodic_point(self, x, component): """Compute the periodic image of x for periodic boundary condition.""" def uniform_points(self, n, boundary=True): """Compute the equispaced point locations in the geometry.""" def random_points(self, n, random="pseudo"): """Compute the random point locations in the geometry.""" def uniform_boundary_points(self, n): """Compute the equispaced point locations on the boundary.""" def random_boundary_points(self, n, random="pseudo"): """Compute the random point locations on the boundary.""" ``` ### Neural networks DeepXDE currently supports two neural networks: feed-forward neural network (`maps.FNN`) and residual neural network (`maps.ResNet`). A new network can be added as shown in Procedure \[code:nn\]. ``` {.Python linenos=""} class MyNet(Map): @property def inputs(self): """Return the net inputs.""" @property def outputs(self): """Return the net outputs.""" @property def targets(self): """Return the targets of the net outputs.""" def build(self): """Construct the network.""" ``` ### Callbacks It is usually a good strategy to monitor the training process of the neural network, and then make modifications in real time, e.g., change the learning rate. In DeepXDE, this can be implemented by adding a callback function, and here we only list a few commonly used ones already implemented in DeepXDE: - `ModelCheckpoint`, which saves the model after certain epochs or when a better model is found. - `OperatorPredictor`, which calculates the values of the operator applying on the outputs. - `FirstDerivative`, which calculates the first derivative of the outpus with respect to the inputs. This is a special case of `OperatorPredictor` with the operator being the first derivative. - `MovieDumper`, which dumps the movie of the function during the training progress, and/or the movie of the spectrum of its Fourier transform. It is very convenient to add other `callback` functions, which will be called at different stages of the training process, see Procedure \[code:callback\]. ``` {.Python linenos=""} class MyCallback(Callback): def on_epoch_begin(self): """Called at the beginning of every epoch.""" def on_epoch_end(self): """Called at the end of every epoch.""" ``` Demonstration examples {#sec:example} ====================== In this section, we use PINNs and DeepXDE to solve different problems. In all examples, we use the $\tanh$ as the activation function, and the other hyperparameters are listed in \[tab:hyperparameter\]. The weights $w_f$, $w_b$ and $w_i$ in the loss function are set as 1. The codes of all examples are published in GitHub. Example NN Depth NN Width Optimizer Learning rate \# Iterations --------- ---------- ---------- -------------- --------------- --------------- 1 4 50 Adam, L-BFGS 0.001 50000 2 3 20 Adam, L-BFGS 0.001 15000 3 3 40 Adam 0.001 60000 4 3 20 Adam 0.001 80000 5 4 20 L-BFGS - - : Hyperparameters used for the following 5 examples. “Adam, L-BFGS” represents that we first use Adam for a certain number of iterations, and then switch to L-BFGS. The optimizer L-BFGS does not require learning rate, and the neural network is trained until convergence, so the number of iterations is also ignored for L-BFGS.[]{data-label="tab:hyperparameter"} Poisson equation over an L-shaped domain ---------------------------------------- Consider the following two-dimensional Poisson equation over an L-shaped domain $\Omega = [-1,1]^2\setminus [0,1]^2$: $$\begin{aligned} -\Delta u(x,y) &= 1,\quad (x,y)\in \Omega, \\ u(x,y) &= 0, \quad (x,y)\in \partial \Omega.\end{aligned}$$ We choose 1200 and 120 random points drawn from a uniform distribution as $\mathcal{T}_f$ and $\mathcal{T}_b$, respectively. The PINN solution is given in \[fig:Poisson:Lshape\]B. For comparison, we also present the numerical solution obtained by using the spectral element method (SEM) [@Karbook] (\[fig:Poisson:Lshape\]A). The result of the absolute error is shown in \[fig:Poisson:Lshape\]C. ![Example 4.1. Comparison of the PINN solution with the solution obtained by using spectral element method (SEM). (A) the SEM solution $u_{SEM}$, (B) the PINN solution $u_{NN}$, (C**) the absolute error $\|u_{SEM} - u_{NN}\|$.[]{data-label="fig:Poisson:Lshape"}](Poisson.pdf){width="\textwidth"} RAR for Burgers equation ------------------------ We first consider the 1D Burgers equation: $$\begin{gathered} \frac{\partial u}{\partial t} + u \frac{\partial u}{\partial x} = \nu \frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial x^2}, \quad x\in[-1, 1], ~ t \in[0, 1], \\ u(x, 0) = -\sin(\pi x), \quad u(-1, t) = u(1, t) = 0.\end{gathered}$$ Let $\nu = 0.01/\pi$. Initially, we randomly select 2500 points (spatio-temporal domain) as the residual points, and then 40 more residual points are added adaptively via RAR developed in \[sec:rar\] with $m = 1$ and $\mathcal{E}_0 = 0.005$. We compare the PINN solution with RAR and the PINN solution based on 2540 randomly selected training data (\[fig:burgers\] A and B), and demonstrate that PINN with RAR can capture the discontinuity much better. For a comparison, the finite difference solutions using central difference scheme for space discretization and forward Euler scheme for time discretization for the Burgers equation in the conservative form are also shown in \[fig:burgers\]A. Here, we also present two examples for the residual points added via the RAR method. As shown in \[fig:burgers\] C and D, the added points (green crosses) are quite close to the sharp interface, which indicates the effectiveness of RAR. We further solve the following two-dimensional Burgers equation using the RAR: $$\begin{gathered} \partial_t u + u \partial_x u + v \partial_y u = \frac{1}{\mbox{Re}} (\partial^2_x u + \partial^2_y u),\\ \partial_t v + u \partial_x v + v \partial_y v = \frac{1}{\mbox{Re}} (\partial^2_x v + \partial^2_y v),\\ x, y \in [0, 1], ~ \mbox{and} ~t \in [0, 1],\end{gathered}$$
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1673, 2112, 669, 2733, 8454, 55, 61, 1274, 9, 256, 61, 918, 10, 3572, 5, 253, 2460, 273, 669, 6065, 370, 310, 6507, 15, 187, 187, 1992, 5276, 3512, 818, 13, 1908, 247, 370, 55, 61, 249, 393, 1588, 92, 55, 724, 2112, 342, 49674, 1939, 7529, 4910, 370, 43, 578, 18, 5548, 5589, 1157, 43, 578, 76, 14, 18, 724, 275, 370, 56, 10506, 3932, 669, 2690, 92, 1704, 889, 1274, 9, 187, 61, 2733, 8454, 87, 4799, 5994, 3572, 43, 578, 74, 889, 918, 10, 393, 8275, 470, 5, 285, 669, 2690, 92, 45668, 2026, 76, 889, 5090, 470, 12063 ]	-1.\end{array}\right.$$Then $\mathrm{ct}_{\kappa }$ is an odd function, satisfies $\lim_{t\rightarrow 0^{-}}\mathrm{ct}_{\kappa }=-\infty ,$ and is strictly decreasing on $\left( 0,\infty \right) .$ Let $\Lambda _{N}$ be the Lagrangian family along $\gamma _{v}$ from Equation \[dfn of Lambda\_N\]. Let $S$ be the corresponding Riccati operator. Observe that at $t=0,$ the restriction of $S$ to the second summand in (\[dfn of Lambda\_N\]) coincides with the shape operator $S_{v}$ of $N$. If the conclusion is false, there are $\left\{ J_{1},\ldots ,J_{k}\right\} \subset \Lambda _{N}$ with $\left\{ J_{i}\left( 0\right) \right\} _{i=1}^{k}$ orthonormal so that $$\begin{aligned} J_{i}^{\prime }\left( 0\right) &=&S\left( J_{i}\left( 0\right) \right) \text{ and } \\ \left\vert \Sigma _{i=1}^{k}\left\langle S\left( J_{i}\left( 0\right) \right) ,J_{i}\left( 0\right) \right\rangle \right\vert &\geq &k\cdot \mathrm{ct}_{\kappa }\left( \mathrm{FocalRadius}\left( N\right) -\alpha \right) ,\end{aligned}$$for some $\alpha \in \left( 0,\mathrm{FocalRadius}\left( N\right) \right) .$ After possibly replacing $v$ with $-v$, we may assume that $$\begin{aligned} \Sigma _{i=1}^{k}\left\langle S\left( J_{i}\right) ,J_{i}\right\rangle \|_{0} &\leq &-k\cdot \mathrm{ct}_{\kappa }\left( \mathrm{FocalRadius}\left( N\right) -\alpha \right) \\ &=&k\cdot \mathrm{ct}_{\kappa }\left( \alpha -\mathrm{FocalRadius}\left( N\right) \right) ,\text{ since }\mathrm{ct}_{\kappa }\text{ is an odd function} \\ &<&0.\end{aligned}$$It follows from Lemma \[sing soon Ric\_k Lemma\] that for all $t_{1}\in \left( 0,\mathrm{FocalRadius}\left( N\right) \right) $ there is a $k$–dimensional subspace $W_{t_{1}}\subset \Lambda _{N}$ so that $$\mathrm{Tr}\left( S\|_{W_{t_{1}}}\right) \leq k\cdot \mathrm{ct}_{\kappa }\left( \alpha -\mathrm{FocalRadius}\left( N\right) +t_{1}\right) .$$Since $\alpha -\mathrm{FocalRadius}\left( N\right) <0$ and $\lim_{t\rightarrow 0^{-}}\mathrm{ct}_{\kappa }=-\infty ,$ $\Lambda _{N}$ has a singularity by time $\mathrm{FocalRadius}\left( N\right) -\alpha .$ This is a contradiction because $\Lambda _{N}$ is nonsingular on the interval $\left( 0,\mathrm{FocalRadius}\left( N\right) \right) $. Let $M$ be a complete Riemannian $n$–manifold with $Ric_{k}$ $\geq 0,$ and let $N$ be any closed submanifold of $M$ with $\dim \left( N\right) \geq k$ and infinite focal radius. Let $v$ be any unit normal vector to $N.$ As in Equation \[dfn of Lambda\_N\] we let$$\Lambda _{N}\equiv \left\{ J\|J\left( 0\right) =0\text{, }J^{\prime }\left( 0\right) \in \nu _{\gamma _{v}\left( 0\right) }\left( N\right) \right\} \oplus \left\{ J\|J\left( 0\right) \in T_{\gamma _{v}\left( 0\right) }N\text{ and }J^{\prime }\left( 0\right) =\mathrm{S}_{v}J\left( 0\right) \right\} .$$We set$$\begin{aligned} \mathcal{V} &\equiv &\left\{ J\|J\left( 0\right) =0\text{, }J^{\prime }\left( 0\right) \in \nu _{\gamma _{v}\left( 0\right) }\left( N\right) \right\} \text{, and } \\ W &\equiv &\left\{ J\|J\left( 0\right) \in T_{\gamma _{v}\left( 0\right) }N\text{ and }J^{\prime }\left( 0\right) =\mathrm{S}_{v}J\left( 0\right) \right\} .\end{aligned}$$ Since $N$ has no focal points, $\Lambda _{N}$ has no singularities on $\mathbb{R}\setminus \left\{ 0\right\} $. Thus for all $J\in \Lambda _{N}\setminus \left\{ 0\right\} $ and all $t\in \mathbb{R}\setminus \left\{ 0\right\} ,$ $J\left( t\right) \neq 0.$ By replacing $v$ with $-v$, if necessary, we may assume that $$\mathrm{Tr}\left( \mathrm{S}\|_{W}\left( 0\right) \right) \leq 0. \label{inti nonpos}$$ By Part 3 of Lemma \[sing soon Ric\_k Lemma\], it follows that $t\longmapsto \Lambda \left( t\right) $ splits orthogonally into the parallel distributions $$\Lambda \left( t\right) \equiv W\left( t\right) \oplus \mathcal{V}\left( t\right) ,$$and every field in $W$ is parallel. Since we started with an arbitrary normal vector$,$ $N$ is totally geodesic, and Parts 1 and 4 are proven. Part 2 is a consequence of the Hopf-Rinow Theorem (see Part e of Theorem 2.8 on page 147 of [@doCarm]). Part 3 follows by observing that $\exp _{N}^{\perp }:\left( \nu \left( N\right) ,\left( \exp _{N}^{\perp }\right) ^{\ast }\left( g\right) \right) \longrightarrow \left( M,g\right) $ is a local isometry, so as in the proof of Cartan-Hadamard, $\exp _{N}^{\perp }$ is a cover (see Lemma 3.3 on page 150 of [@doCarm] or Lemma 5.6.4 of [@Pet]). Part 5 follows from the fact that every field in $W$ is parallel. To prove Part 6, let $\mathrm{II}$ be the second fundamental form of $\mathrm{image}\left( \Phi \right) .$ Since $$\gamma _{V\left( s\right) }:t\longmapsto \Phi \left( t,s\right) =\exp _{c\left( s\right) }^{\perp }\left( tV\left( s\right) \right)$$is a geodesic, $\mathrm{II}\left( \frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial t},\frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial t}\right) =0,$ and since $\frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s}$ is parallel along $\gamma _{V\left( s\right) },$ $\mathrm{II}\left( \frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial t},\frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s}\right) =0.$ To determine $\mathrm{II}\left( \frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s},\frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s}\right) ,$ observe that the lift, $\left( \exp _{N}^{\perp }\right) ^{\ast }\left( \frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s}\right) ,$ of $\frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s}$ via $\exp _{N}^{\perp },$ is a basic horizontal, geodesic field for the Riemannian submersion$$\pi :\left( \nu \left( N\right) ,\left( \exp _{N}^{\perp }\right) ^{\ast }\left( g\right) \right) \longrightarrow N.$$Thus $\mathrm{II}\left( \frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s},\frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s}\right) =\nabla _{\frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s}}\frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s}\equiv 0,$ and the image of $\Phi $ is totally geodesic. Since $\frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s}$ is a parallel Jacobi field along $\gamma _{V\left( s\right) },$ the image of $\Phi $ is flat. To prove Part 7, consider a $V\in \mathcal{V}$ along with orthonormal parallel fields $J_{1},\ldots ,J_{k-1}$ in $W.$ Since $\mathrm{sec}\left( \gamma _{v}^{\prime },J_{i}\right) \equiv 0$ and $\mathrm{Ric}_{k}\geq 0,$
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281, 9413, 670, 436, 5389, 10325, 15, 3166, 368, 2868, 275, 43630, 6978, 265, 32, 390, 310, 816, 247, 33010, 14, 33223, 2181, 32, 187, 187, 24099, 1722, 13, 4765, 13, 337, 27, 1812, 12920, 187, 187, 23450, 790, 265, 313, 2055, 10, 187, 187, 1552, 9400, 556, 816, 644, 2849, 1245, 407, 14759, 285, 643, 2067, 5098, 533, 556, 417, 644, 11464, 15, 4952, 253, 2806, 7793, 11210, 626, 644, 4232, 15, 1292, 604, 2455 ]	www.brainwy.com/tracker/PyDev/645 # if __pydevd_id__ is None, recalculate it... also, use an heuristic # that gives us always the same id for the thread (using thread.ident or id(thread)). raise AttributeError() except AttributeError: tid = _get_or_compute_thread_id_with_lock(thread, is_current_thread=True) return tid def get_thread_id(thread): try: # Fast path without getting lock. tid = thread.__pydevd_id__ if tid is None: # Fix for https://www.brainwy.com/tracker/PyDev/645 # if __pydevd_id__ is None, recalculate it... also, use an heuristic # that gives us always the same id for the thread (using thread.ident or id(thread)). raise AttributeError() except AttributeError: tid = _get_or_compute_thread_id_with_lock(thread, is_current_thread=False) return tid def set_thread_id(thread, thread_id): with _thread_id_lock: thread.__pydevd_id__ = thread_id #======================================================================================================================= # Null #======================================================================================================================= class Null: """ Gotten from: http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/68205 """ def __init__(self, args, kwargs): return None def __call__(self, args, *kwargs): return self def __enter__(self, args, *kwargs): return self def __exit__(self, args, *kwargs): return self def __getattr__(self, mname): if len(mname) > 4 and mname[:2] == '__' and mname[-2:] == '__': # Don't pretend to implement special method names. raise AttributeError(mname) return self def __setattr__(self, name, value): return self def __delattr__(self, name): return self def __repr__(self): return "<Null>" def __str__(self): return "Null" def __len__(self): return 0 def __getitem__(self): return self def __setitem__(self, args, *kwargs): pass def write(self, args, *kwargs): pass def __nonzero__(self): return 0 def __iter__(self): return iter(()) # Default instance NULL = Null() def call_only_once(func): ''' To be used as a decorator @call_only_once def func(): print 'Calling func only this time' Actually, in PyDev it must be called as: func = call_only_once(func) to support older versions of Python. ''' def new_func(args, *kwargs): if not new_func._called: new_func._called = True return func(args, **kwargs) new_func._called = False return new_func # Protocol where each line is a new message (text is quoted to prevent new lines). # payload is xml QUOTED_LINE_PROTOCOL = 'quoted-line' ARGUMENT_QUOTED_LINE_PROTOCOL = 'protocol-quoted-line' # Uses http protocol to provide a new message. # i.e.: Content-Length:xxx\r\n\r\npayload # payload is xml HTTP_PROTOCOL = 'http' ARGUMENT_HTTP_PROTOCOL = 'protocol-http' # Message is sent without any header. # payload is json JSON_PROTOCOL = 'json' ARGUMENT_JSON_PROTOCOL = 'json-dap' # Same header as the HTTP_PROTOCOL # payload is json HTTP_JSON_PROTOCOL = 'http_json' ARGUMENT_HTTP_JSON_PROTOCOL = 'json-dap-http' ARGUMENT_PPID = 'ppid' class _GlobalSettings: protocol = QUOTED_LINE_PROTOCOL def set_protocol(protocol): expected = (HTTP_PROTOCOL, QUOTED_LINE_PROTOCOL, JSON_PROTOCOL, HTTP_JSON_PROTOCOL) assert protocol in expected, 'Protocol (%s) should be one of: %s' % ( protocol, expected) _GlobalSettings.protocol = protocol def get_protocol(): return _GlobalSettings.protocol def is_json_protocol(): return _GlobalSettings.protocol in (JSON_PROTOCOL, HTTP_JSON_PROTOCOL) class GlobalDebuggerHolder: ''' Holder for the global debugger. ''' global_dbg = None # Note: don't rename (the name is used in our attach to process) def get_global_debugger(): return GlobalDebuggerHolder.global_dbg GetGlobalDebugger = get_global_debugger # Backward-compatibility def set_global_debugger(dbg): GlobalDebuggerHolder.global_dbg = dbg if __name__ == '__main__': if Null(): sys.stdout.write('here\n') Association of ER-alpha gene polymorphism with metabolic phenotypes in Chinese Hans. Recently, two polymorphisms (rs1884052 and rs3778099) of estrogen receptor alpha (ER-alpha) gene were identified as being associated with primary quantitative bone mineral density (BMD) in a genome-wide association (GWA) study in Framingham cohorts. In this study we aimed at investigating the association of rs1884052 and rs3778099, and another polymorphism (rs2234693) located at intron 1 of the ER-alpha gene with BMD, body mass index (BMI), glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol (CHO) levels in Chinese Hans. We recruited 425 consecutive adult volunteers who had a physical examination in the Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital. We did not observe significant association of rs1884052 and rs3778099 with BMD, BMI, glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol (CHO) levels. For rs2234693, increased levels of BMD for hip, spine or whole-body regions were consistently observed in TT/TC genotype carriers than in CC genotype carriers, although the board line significance diminished after adjusting for age and gender. However, significant association of rs2234693 with glucose and CHO levels were observed in our sample. Subjects with TC/CC genotypes were associated with an increased level of glucose (p = 0.013) and CHO (p = 0.032) levels than subjects with TT genotypes. In conclusion, we did not confirm the association of rs1884052 and rs3778099 with BMD originally discovered in a GWA study; however, we made novel discoveries that rs2234693 was associated with glucose and CHO levels in Chinese Hans.Matt Forte exits early with knee injury; will not return Bears running back Matt Forte has left Sunday’s game against the Chiefs because of a right knee injury. Forte was injured on a run deep in Chicago territory midway through the first quarter, when Kansas City’s Derrick Johnson hit him in the knee. He stayed on the ground for several minutes as medical personnel tended to him. The league’s third-leading rusher walked off the field on his own power and stayed on the sideline for a few minutes before heading to the locker room.Do you think there can be parallel universes? The parallels universes have been a controversial topic for many years there are many physics theories established by big minds like Albert Einstein with his string theory were pose a possibility of other parallels dimensions. There are many investigations about this topic and also in the world of art and cinema, we can see many examples of it like Stranger things, The Chronicles of Narnia, Doom etc. These parallels universes can be explained by the paradox of Schrödinger, It describes that the life of a cat depends on a particle, if the particle disintegrates the cat dies but if the particle does not disintegrate the cat will remain alive. that means that maybe in this world you are a veterinary but in another world you are a carpenter, because you did not have the same chance in both universes, and small variations can create another new reality.I think that we have still had a lot of things to discover about this beautiful universe. Do you believe in parallels universes? or is just a sci-fiction thing? February 17, 2018, 1:36 pm Responses (88) This topic has just been magnified by Hollywood and other several books but has not been proven. Even the black hole hasn't been established. But if ever
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2329, 14611, 265, 15, 4480, 1248 ]	very short duty cycles. The nature of these sources must be addressed via the characterization of their optical and/or infrared counterparts. ]{} [We investigate the nature of the optical counterparts to five of these newly discovered X-ray sources.]{} [We combine infrared spectra in the $I$, $J,H$ and $K$ bands together with $JHK$ photometry to characterize the spectral type, luminosity class and distance to the infrared counterparts to these systems. For IGR J19140$+$0951, we present spectroscopy from the red to the $K$ band and new red and infrared photometry. For SAX J18186$-$1703 and IGR J18483$-$0311, we present the first intermediate-resolution spectroscopy reported. Finally, for IGR J18027$-$2016, we present new $I$ and $K$ band spectra.]{} [We find that four systems harbour early-type B supergiants. All of them are heavily obscured, with $E(B-V)$ ranging between 3 and 5, implying visual extinctions of $\sim$ 9 to 15 magnitudes. We refine the published classifications of IGR J18027$-$2016 and IGR J19140$+$0951 by constraining their luminosity class. In the first case, we confirm the supergiant nature and rule out class III. In the second case, we propose a slightly higher luminosity class (Ia instead of Iab) and give an improved value of the distance based on new optical photometry. Two other systems, SAX J18186$-$1703 and IGR J18483$-$0311 are classified as Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients (SFXTs). XTE J1901$+$014, on the other hand, contains no bright infrared source in its error circle.]{} [Owing to their infrared and X-ray characteristics, IGR J18027$-$2016 and IGR J19140$+$0951, emerge as Supergiant X-ray binaries with X-ray luminosities of the order of $L_{X}\sim [1-2]\times 10^{36}$ erg s$^{-1}$, while SAX J1818.6$-$1703 and IGR J18483$-$0311, turn out to be SFXTs at 2 and 3 kpc, respectively. Finally, XTE J1901$+$014 emerges as a puzzling source: its X-ray behaviour is strongly reminiscent of the SFXTs but a supergiant nature is firmly ruled out for the counterpart. We discuss several alternative scenarios to explain its behaviour. ]{} Introduction ============ The [INTEGRAL]{} satellite has broadened our knowledge of X-ray binaries, by discovering a significant population of new X-ray sources. The Third [IBIS/ISGRI]{} cataloge [@bird07] contains more than 420 sources of which 167 are new. The on-line cataloge of [INTEGRAL]{} sources[^1] lists 245 sources discovered or re-discovered by [INTEGRAL]{}. Of these, 61 ($\sim 25$ %) remain unidentified and 81 ($\sim 33$ %) are extragalactic objects (AGNs, Seyferts, QSOs, etc). The rest are mainly X-ray binaries. 51 of them ($\sim 21$ %) turn out to be High Mass X-ray Binary candidates (HMXB), which were missed by previous missions because of their high obscuration, because of their very short X-ray cycles or a combination of both. Approximately half of them have been confirmed so far. Amongst these new 51 HMXB systems, there are a few Be/X-ray binaries (BeXB), Supergiant X-ray binaries (SGXB) and the newly established class of Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients [SFXT; e.g., @smith06; @neg06a; @sguera06]. This last class comprises 16 candidates of which nearly half have been confirmed. Before we can conclusively classify every new source and understand its X-ray behavior, we must first establish the nature of the counterpart. Since the majority of these sources are located in the galactic plane, and concentrated towards the galactic center region, they suffer from large extinction ($A_{V}\lesssim 15$ mag). Thus, their detection in the visual is often very difficult, and other strategies must be adopted. Detection and study of the counterparts in the infrared, however, is possible with 4 m class telescopes. An important caveat, though, is that the spectral classification of hot stars using infrared spectra is much more uncertain than using the well established MK standard 3950–4750 Å region. For example, the spectral classification based on the $K$ band spectrum cannot be done without fundamental ambiguities because of the lack of adequate spectral features in that range [@hanson96]. This problem can be, at least partially, circumvented by using the combined information of several spectral bands. However, this is often impossible to achieve within a single observing campaign. Following the discovery by INTEGRAL, intense observing campaigns have been undertaken [@chaty08; @masetti08; @nespoli08; @neg09 amongst others]. As these discoveries proceed, it is fundamental to refine and establish the nature of these new sources. In particular, a very important parameter is the distance to the system which, in turn, gives the X-ray luminosity, the main observable used to constrain the theoretical models. Most of the work done, however, has been based on $H$ and/or $K$ band spectra to overcome the high extinction. Classification based on a single infrared spectrum (in many cases of intermediate or low resolution only) allows only a crude approximation. For example, the difference in $M_{V}$ between a B1Ib and a B1Ia supergiant (which are difficult or even impossible to tell apart based on an intermediate resolution $H$ or $K$ spectrum) results in an uncertainty of an order of magnitude error in $L_{X}$ [@neg09]. In this paper, we combine new spectroscopy in several bands with new $JHK$ photometry (also $RI$ for one source) to further refine the spectral classification of a sample of these sources. The observations ================ Photometry ---------- [lccclccc]{} Source & 2MASS & R.A. & Dec. & Ref. & $J$ ($1.27\mu$m) & $H$ ($1.63\mu$m) & $K^{\prime}$ ($2.12 \mu$m)\ IGR J18027$-$2016 & 2MASS J18024194$-$2017172 & 18 02 41.94 & $-$20 17 17.3 & C &12.79$\pm 0.06$ & 11.96$\pm 0.08$ & 11.48$\pm 0.05$\ SAX J18186$-$1703 & 2MASS J18183790$-$1702479 & 18 18 37.90 & $-$17 02 47.9 & Z1 & 10.08$\pm 0.06$ & 8.94$\pm 0.08$ & 7.79$\pm 0.05$\ IGR J18483$-$0311$^{a}$ & 2MASS J18481720$-$0310168 & 18 48 17.20 & $-$03 10 16.8 & C & 10.84$\pm 0.03$ & 9.38$\pm 0.02$ & 8.47$\pm 0.02$\ IGR J19140$+$0951 & 2MASS J19140422$+$0952577 & 19 14 04.23 & +09 52 57.7 & Z2 & 11.33$\pm 0.06$ & 9.71$\pm 0.08$ & 8.83$\pm 0.05$\ C: @chaty08 Z1: @intzand06a Z2: @intzand06b Photometry from @rahoui08. For this source, the filters are centered at 1.25, 1.65 and $2.20\mu$m respectively. $JHK^{\prime}$ band photometry was obtained with the 3.5 m Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG) at the Island of La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain) during the nights of 2006 July 7 and 2007 May 1. In both runs the configuration was the same. The instrument used was the Near Infrared Camera and Spectrograph (NICS) in the Large Field configuration, equipped with a Rockwell 1024$\times$1024 HgCdTe Hawaii array detector, which gives a spatial scale of $0\farcs25$/pixel and covers a field of view of $4\farcm2\times4\farcm2$. During the night of 2006 July 7, the seeing was $0\farcs7$ in the $J$ band, very stable during the whole night, while on 2007 May 1, the seeing was $0\farcs8$. Each observation consists of a mosaic of five images constructed from a dithering pattern which kept the frame always on-source, using an automatic script available at the telescope. From this mosaic, flat-field correction, bad pixel map, sky subtraction and image co-addition where performed with the [SNAP]{} software[^2]. The photometry was subsequently performed using Starlink [gaia]{} on the final co-added frame. The Arnica standard star fields AS33 and AS27 [@hunt98] were observed throughout the night at a range of airmasses. Transformation
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The club had to wait until 1970 for another promotion, when they were promoted as Liga Alef champions. They narrowly avoided relegation in the 1970–71 season, finishing above relegated Maccabi Petah Tikva on goal difference. However, they were relegated the following season after finishing bottom. This time they bounced back immediately as Liga Alef runners-up, and finished 13th in 1973–74, a single point above the relegation zone. Although 1974–75 saw the club finish in their highest-ever position, 7th, they were relegated the following season. The club made a second immediate return to the top flight as Liga Artzit (the new second division) champions, but were relegated again in 1979, marking their last appearance to date in the top division. In 1986 and 1989 the club won the Liga Artzit Toto Cup. In 1994 they were deducted 12 points after being found guilty of match-fixing in a league game against Hakoah Ramat Gan. They were relegated to the third tier in 1997, and following league restructuring in 1999, sank into the fourth division. They were relegated again to Liga Bet in 2003. In 2006, All the football clubs from Hadera merged into one club called Hapoel Ironi Eran Hadera, and at the end of the 2007–08 season the club won the South A division of Liga Bet and were promoted back to Liga Alef. In the 2009–10 season, the club battled for promotion to Liga Leumit and was leading 70% of the season at 1st place. However, they did not achieved promotion after finished 3rd place at Liga Alef South division. in next season of 2010–11 they changed division to the North, and it was a beginning of bad financial problem, and with small budget they needed to build the club from the beginning. at that season, the manager was Ami Elhadad, one of the players who played for the club in the 1970s. at the end of the season they finished in the 8th place. The 2011–12 season was one of their worst seasons, as they finished in the 14th place and had to play-off against Ihud Bnei Maksur from Liga bet. Hadera won the relegation play-off 2–1 after goals scored by Momo Nistel and Elias Zana. during the season, the club saw changes in the manager position, when Ami Elhadad resigned from the club, and replaced by the youth manager, Yohanan Israelov, who did not finish the season as well, as Itzik Ben Tora managed the club in the last two games. . In the 2012–13 season, Eyal Amar, former player for the club, took over the manager position, after three seasons as the manager of local rivals, F.C. Givat Olga. the club started the season well, when showed good games. However, at the end of season they finished in the 7th place. manager Eyal Amar left the club and returned to Givat Olga. In the 2013–14 season, the club was managed by Ahmed Wahab as manager and Yosef Mogiliovsky as assistant-manager, and placed 8th after the first round of the league (15 games). After Ahmed Wahab left the club with his son, Barkat, due to financial problems, and Kobi Badash left for Hapoel Migdal HaEmek, Hadera signed new manager, Ron Keler, which trained the youth section of the club, and finished the season in the 7th place, 6 points short of the promotion play-offs. In The 2014–15 season the started with Gil Fishel as new manager. but after 10 games the manager resign because of financial problems. and after that Sasha Feldman who was a player of the club take care of coaching team. after 4 games he left the club and in the derby with MS Givat olga Itsik Ben Tora stand on the line 1 match. than Yohanan Izraelov return to training the team he was coaching only 5 games and left too. Ron Keller who trained last season take care the club and made a success with team and reach 9th place at Liga alef north. and was the first to win derby in last match 1–0 on Givat Olga. In season 2015–16 was talking to take new management of the team but the talks didn't bring anything and Yoav Kobi still the owner of the club. The team signed new coach past player Momo Nistel that trained before Beitar Pardes Hana with success. In season 2016–17 was big day in the club. The team promote to Liga Leumit the second tier in Israel. after finishing 1st place in the league. It was first time after 20 seens it was the last time to play in second tier. In season 2017–18, the club was promoted again to the Israeli Premier League for the first time after 40 years from the second place of Liga Leumit. In the next season, Hapoel Hadera made a big sensation in the Premier League and secured the place in the championship playoff, what brought the club to improve their previous record in the First Division, seventh place, and finish the season in the sixth place. Current squad As to 6 February 2020 Honours League Cup competitions References 50 Years of Sports and More in Hadera, Efraim Frank (Israel), 2004, pp. 190–227 External links Official Site Hapoel Hadera Eran Israel Football Association Category:Football clubs in Israel Category:Sport in Hadera Hadera Category:Association football clubs established in 1949 Category:1949 establishments in IsraelQ: Drawing lines between arbitrary words on a page I try to get rid of tree-dvips and look for a way to do the following: Circle an arbitrary word on the page and draw an arrow from some other position at the page towards this circled word. In tree-dvips one can just simply declare a word a node and then use connection directives. I guess this can be done with pgf somehow, but the nodes seem to require a position in a coordinate system. This is the tree-dvips code: \documentclass{scrbook} \usepackage{tree-dvips} \begin{document} \begin{tabular}{lllllll} \node{bazas}{bāz-a\v{s}} & agar & mi-xāh-i & fardâ & \node{blk1}{} & bo-kon-i\\ open-\textsc{3sg} & if & \textsc{ipf}-want-\textsc{2sg} & tomorrow & {} & \textsc{sbj}-do-\textsc{2sg}\\ \end{tabular}\\[2ex] `If you want to open it tomorrow \ldots' {\makedash{1pt} \nodeoval{bazas} \abarnodeconnect[-18pt]{blk1}{bazas}} \end{document} A: run it with xelatex \documentclass{scrbook} \usepackage{fontspec} \usepackage{pst-node} \begin{document} \begin{tabular}{lllllll} \ovalnode[linestyle=dashed]{bazas}{bāz-a\v{s}} & agar & mi-xāh-i & fardâ & \rnode{blk1}{~} & bo-kon-i\\ open-\textsc{3sg} & if & \textsc{ipf}-want-\textsc{2sg} & tomorrow & {} & \textsc{sbj}-do-\textsc{2sg}\\ \end{tabular}\\[2ex] `If you want to open it tomorrow \ldots' \ncbar[linestyle=dashed,arrows=->,angle=-90,arm=20pt]{blk1}{bazas} \end{document} A: Addition: A solution with tikz: \documentclass{scrbook} \usepackage{tikz} \usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric} \begin{document} \begin{tabular}{lllllll} \tikz[remember picture,baseline]\node[anchor=base,ellipse,draw](bazas){baz-a\v{s}}; & agar & mi-xah-i & fardâ % & \node{blk1}{} & \tikz[remember picture,overlay] \draw[->,dashed] (0,0) -- ++(0pt,-4.75ex) coordinate(tmp1) -- (bazas \|- tmp1) -- (bazas \|- tmp1) -- (bazas); & bo-kon-i \\ open-\textsc{3sg} & if & \textsc{ipf}-want-\textsc{2sg} & tomorrow & {} & \textsc{sbj}-do-\textsc{2sg}\\ \end{tabular}\\[2ex] `If you want to open it tomorrow \ldots' \end{document} Science
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]	84\<.012.170.50--9.360.300.880.65--1.190.41Education Primary\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- Secondary0.750.54--1.020.070.730.52--1.010.064.830.71--32.940.110.760.56--1.050.09 Tertiary1.120.73--1.710.601.180.76--1.830.471.310.17--10.400.790.970.63--1.480.88Housing Living at home^a^\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- Living at home^b^1.601.01--2.530.041.701.04--2.780.041.440.30--6.900.651.721.08--2.740.02 Assisted living0.710.38--1.310.270.900.47--1.710.75\<.01\<.0010.960.610.33--1.130.12 Care home0.680.37--1.240.210.780.39--1.570.480.080.01--0.48\<.010.510.28--0.930.03Use of Analgesics^c^2.171.48--3.16\<.012.131.42--3.18\<.012.620.49--13.982.622.751.88--4.03\<.01BMI Adiposity1.140.71--1.840.601.170.71--1.920.530.240.02--2.810.251.480.92--2.390.11 Overweight1.210.89--1.650.221.190.86--1.630.303.140.71--13.990.131.371.01--1.860.05 Normal weight\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- Underweight0.740.29--1.910.530.550.20--1.530.252.880.07--114.060.571.360.05--3.480.52Barthel Index^d^0.990.98--1.010.190.990.98--1.010.301.010.96--1.070.640.990.98--1.010.27Depressive symptoms^e^1.151.08--1.22\<.011.141.07--1.22\<.011.421.01--1.990.041.141.07--1.21\<.01MMSE^f^0.600.35--1.030.06\-\-\-\-\--0.690.41--1.170.17Notes: OR Odds Ratio, Alpha was set to 0.05^a^Participants without care support^b^Participants with care support^c^use of analgesics: dichotomized^d^Barthel Index: score 0--100^e^GDS score 0--15^f^MMSE: score 0--30, cut-off ≤25 for mild cognitive impairment, \> 25 no cognitive impairment Model 1 -- Overall pain ratings {#Sec11} ------------------------------- In model 1 we tested the association of demographic and clinical characteristics on the overall sample. Male sex was statistically significantly associated with lower PRS (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.45--0.84) while contrary associations were found for age. Individuals between 90 to 94 years of age scored significantly lower in the PRS (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.48--0.88) than the younger age bracket. Considering the housing situation higher PRS was significantly associated with participants living at home with care support. There is a 1.6 higher possibility of experiencing pain for this group than living at home without care support (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.01--2.53). There was also a significant association for analgesics. Participants receiving analgesics experience twice as much pain (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.48--3.16). Furthermore higher PRS was significantly associated with depression (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.08--1.22). No significant evidence showed for differences in education, BMI or Barthel-Index. Model 2 and 3 - MMSE status {#Sec12} --------------------------- In model two and three we divided the sample in NCI and MCI participants and found significant associations for both groups: Again male sex was significantly associated with lower pain ratings for both groups (NCI: OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.44--0.85 and MCI: OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.05--0.93). Significant associations for age appeared according to model 1 for NCI aged 90 to 94 years old. The older age group scored significantly lower in the PRS (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.44--0.84). No association with age was found for the group the MCI-participants. Concerning the housing situation living at home with care support was significantly associated with higher ratings on the PRS for NCI (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.04--2.78) and significantly associated with lower ratings on the PRS for MCI-participants living in a care-home (OR 0.08, 95% CI 0.01--0.48). Also for both groups higher PRS was significantly associated with depression (NCI: OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.07--1.22 and MCI: OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.01--1.99). Significant associations for analgesics were found for NCI. Those taking analgesics reported twice as much pain (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.42--3.18). No significant figures appeared for education, BMI or Barthel-Index. Model 4 - impairment in daily activities {#Sec13} ---------------------------------------- In model 4 we analyzed the impairment in daily activities for the overall sample. Again we found a significant association for lower impairment in daily activities with male sex (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.43--0.80), analgesics (OR 2.75, 95% CI 1.88--4.03) and depression (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.07--1.21). The housing situation showed significant less impairment in daily activities for participants living in a care home (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.28--0.93) and more impairment for participants living at home with care support (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.08--2.74). For BMI stronger impairment in daily activities was significantly associated with overweight participants (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.01--1.86). Education and Barthel-Index did not reach statistical significance. Discussion {#Sec14} ========== This was one of a few existing studies focusing on the prevalence of pain and associated factors such as age, gender, use of analgesics, cognitive state, medication and depression among the population of 85+ year olds. Age {#Sec15} --- The study demonstrated a high prevalence of pain (63%) among the age group of 85+ and strong experience impairments with everyday life due to pain (69%). Additionally, our findings suggest that older adults report less pain. These findings are supported by Zyczkowska (2007) \[[@CR25]\] who reported decreasing pain scores with growing age for both men and women. The researchers name a changing, more accepting attitude towards pain with increasing age, a "survival bias" meaning only the healthiest managed to reach very old age as possible grounds for these results. In depth research could provide more distinct answers into what leads to these changes in old age and may help overcome fears of ageing. Gender {#Sec16} ------ Regardless of the cognitive state, men seem to experience less pain and impairment in everyday life due to pain. According to these findings, female gender could increase the risk of experiencing pain. Similar finding have been reported in literature across all age groups \[[@CR6], [@CR25], [@CR26]\]. Reasons can be differences in individual pain perception, personal coping strategies or social settings \[[@CR27], [@CR28]\]. Gaining a better understanding of the different kinds of pain may also play an important role and may allow deeper insight of coping strategies and physiological factors in men and women \[[@CR29], [@CR30]\]. Housing situation {#Sec17} ----------------- Regarding the housing situation, our data show differences for the housing arrangements chosen in late life. In our sample, 47.8% of women and 34.5% of men aged 90+ years are living in care homes where activities of daily living are reduced and support through care staff is given in many areas \[[@CR1]\] which may reduce possible pain hazards. Furthermore, it can be speculated that the availability and home visits of general practitioners are at a higher frequency than in any other housing setting which could have positive effects on pain management. It may also explain why on the other hand participants living at home receiving care experience significantly more pain and more impairment in activities of daily living. Health care services providing care in the community are generally under immense time pressure and restriction of duties applied by the indication of care level or previous health care assessments e.g. supplying medication, changing bandaging, wash the person. It is also unclear whether pain assessment is part of health care services in the community by default nor if caring relatives focus on the issue. Hence the differences in pain prevalence point to a gap in pain management in
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187, 45804, 6418, 10673, 221, 34698, 22323, 13442, 18757, 6088, 38011, 31355, 5832, 13484, 6418, 187, 14274, 28915, 100, 12613, 117, 6344, 27098, 19067, 6449, 34609, 9736, 47169, 187, 45804, 6957, 209 ]	iw: חשיבה שמתאמת בין סוגי הטיפול במקום לפצל אותם. חשיבה המבוססת על האוכלוסיה ועל הקהילה, במקום על בית החולים והרופאים. וחשוב מכל, עלינו לנטוש את המודל הרפואי המסורתי ולעבור למודל שמתחשב בגורמים החברתיים שביסוד הבריאות. כיום אנו מבינים שבריאותה של אוכלוסיה נקבעת בראש ובראשונה ע"י גורמים שאינם הטיפול הרפואי, או בתי החולים ומשרדי הרופאים. למעשה, אלה קובעים רק 10% מבריאותה של הקהילה. יתר ה-90% הם גורמים התנהגותיים וחברתיים. מה כוונתי ב"גורמים חברתיים שקובעים את המצב הבריאותי"? כוונתי לגורמים כגון מצב חברתי-כלכלי, הזדמנויות השכלה, בטחון תעסוקתי ובטחון מקום העבודה, דיור, שכונות בטוחות, מעמד חברתי, ומה שבמיוחד חשוב בעיני: התחושה שיש לכם מקום בחברה, Spanish: Uno que coordine los cuidados, no uno que lo fragmente. Uno que se base en la comunidad y en la población, en vez de uno basado en el hospital y los médicos. Y, lo que es más importante, tenemos que cambiar el sistema de atención sanitaria tradicional por uno que haga frente a los factores sociales que repercuten en la salud. Y ahora entendemos que la salud de la población está determinada sobre todo por factores que son de asistencia médica, ni hospitalaria ni consultas médicas. De hecho, esto solo constituye el 10% de lo que determina la salud de una comunidad. El otro 90% depende de factores sociales y de comportamiento. Y, ¿a qué me refiero con factores sociales que repercuten en la salud? Me refiero a factores como el nivel socioeconómico, las oportunidades educativas, el puesto de trabajo y la seguridad laboral, la vivienda, los barrios seguros, el estatus social y uno que es especialmente importante para mí: sentir que tienen un lugar en la sociedad, Russian: Та, которая координирует лечение, а не разваливает его. Та, которая ориентирована на население и общество, а не на больницу и врача. И нам, самое главное, необходимо перейти с традиционной медицинской модели на модель, которая охватывает социальные факторы здоровья. Мы понимаем, что здоровье населения обусловлено преимущественно другими факторами, помимо лечебной работы, больниц и кабинетов врачей. В сущности, они составляют всего 10% того, что определяет здоровье общества. Остальные 90% — это поведенческие и социальные факторы. Что же я подразумеваю под социальными факторами здоровья? Я имею в виду такие факторы, как социально-экономический статус, возможности для получения образования, профессия и гарантия рабочего места, жильё, безопасные районы, социальный статус, и особенно важным для меня является осознание того, что ты являешься частью общества, Portuguese: Um que coordene a assistência à saúde, em vez de fragmentá-la. Um que tenha como base a população e a comunidade, em vez de hospitais e médicos. E nós, principalmente, precisamos abandonar o modelo médico tradicional por um modelo que adote as determinantes sociais de saúde. Hoje, entendemos que a saúde de uma população é predominantemente determinada por fatores alheios aos cuidados clínicos, a hospitais e a consultórios. Na verdade, eles somam apenas 10% do que determina a saúde de uma comunidade. Os outros 90% são fatores comportamentais e sociais. O que quero dizer por determinantes sociais de saúde? Quero dizer fatores como a situação socioeconômica, as oportunidades de educação, a segurança profissional e no trabalho, moradia, bairros seguros, status social e um que é especialmente importante para mim: a sensação de se ter um lugar na sociedade, Spanish: sentir que tienen un sistema de asistencia social, sentir que los valora. Y sabemos que aquellos que se sienten infravalorados sufren mala salud. Cuando estaba en acogida, vi a niños que no tenían la oportunidad de recibiruna educación y ahora sé que si no conseguían un título de secundaria, eran cinco veces más propensos a tener peor salud que yo, que tenía formación universitaria. Y vi a niños que solo habían vivido en la pobreza, y ahora sé que son ocho veces más propensos a tener mala salud que sus compañeros más afortunados. Mis experiencias me han mostrado la relación entre estos factores sociales sanitarios y el estado de salud de una comunidad y de una persona. Y estas realidades exigen que hagamos frente a los factores sociales que repercuten en la salud Y este es mi mensaje: la salud no es solo responsabilidad de los médicos. Japanese: あなたが社会的保証制度を得ていると感じていることそしてあなたが尊重されていると感じていることです私は尊重されていないと感じる人は不健康であることを知っています私が
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281, 253, 1786, 187, 7955, 2688, 15, 4325, 253, 1929, 2219, 285, 19749, 46321, 24835, 13, 309, 2797, 4209, 2739, 187, 20612, 2476, 29892, 326, 253, 40501, 22462, 369, 4518, 3636, 347, 253, 48615, 4958, 15, 187, 42, 840, 11580, 253, 10301, 13, 6730, 253, 9189, 13, 2797, 3081, 29892, 13, 285, 187, 49845, 1243, 37263 ]	you name it — to hand out souvenir token coins. Often, these tokens could be redeemed for special offers — like a free meal, free admission, or something like that. Even places like Chuck E. Cheese used to have tokens that you could use to play arcade games. Many of these old tokens are collectible and are worth $1 to $5. Rare tokens, such as those that were used during the Civil War era, are worth hundreds of dollars. Big Coins “I have a large Indian Head penny. Is it rare? What’s it worth?” I’ve gotten this specific question more than a few times over the years. I actually own one of these replica coins, and I bought it for $4 at an old-timey tourist gift shop in Florida. Large coins like this are neat-looking replicas, but that’s all they are. They’re not legal tender in any way. Most of these big coins are made from base metals and aren’t typically worth more than $3 to $5. Big coins come in many different designs. I’ve personally seen the following: Large Lincoln pennies Large Buffalo nickels Large Jefferson nickels Large Mercury dimes Large Roosevelt dimes Large Washington quarters Large Walking Liberty half dollars Large Franklin half dollars Large Kennedy half dollars Large Morgan silver dollars Large Peace silver dollars Large Eisenhower dollars While none of these big coins are rare or valuable, they make great conversation pieces and look cool on the mantle. Tiny Coins “I have a tiny Kennedy half dollar. What’s it worth?” On the opposite end of the spectrum are tiny coins that look like the real thing but are only a fraction of the size of their regular coin counterparts. In fact, they’re tiny novelty coins. Some of them were made for doll play sets. Some are play money. But those realistic-looking, mini coins that you may have are small novelty coins that are 100% true to the original coins they replicate — they’re just a fraction of the size! I bought a few of these tiny coins just for the fun of owning some. They’re worth 50 cents to $1 apiece, and while they’re not rare (and certainly aren’t legal tender), they’re still pretty awesome to hold in the hand. Two-Headed Coins (Or Coins With Two “Tails” Sides) “Why does my nickel have Jefferson on both sides? What’s this two-headed coin worth?” I always hate breaking the news to people that these coins aren’t valuable and, technically, they aren’t even legal tender. These two-headed (or double tails) coins are usually fantasy pieces that were made by hollowing out the side of one coin right up to the rim and meticulously (and snugly) fitting another coin inside the shell. Normally, two-headed coins are made for illusionists or people who want to win bar bets. Exonumia coins like this are worth anywhere from 25 cents to a few dollars as novelty coins. But they aren’t rare, and you don’t want to try spending any as real money! Coins That Are Blank On One Side However, modern minting techniques make it virtually impossible to strike a coin that looks perfect on one side and completely blank on the other. NOTE: There are some real error coins that look weak or somewhat mutilated on one side. Different types of error coins like this exist, and based on the origin of the error are worth between $5 and $100 (or more). Normally, when people ask me questions about coins that are blank on one side, the photo I end up seeing is a coin that looks normal on one side but has tiny grooves or striations on the “blank” side. That typically means somebody sanded away or sheared off the other side and later polished it to look like the coin was really struck only on one side. Blank coins are real coins that have been terribly mutilated to look like unusual one-sided coins. Often, they’re produced for illusionists or people fascinated with fantasy coins or other exonumia oddities. For the most part, these one-sided coins may be neat to look at, but have no monetary value in the general coin collector market. Colorized Coins “My American Silver Eagle is painted red, white, and blue. What’s it worth?” Colorized coins are real coins that have been altered outside of the U.S. Mint. Some private mints will colorize regular Washington quarters, American Silver Eagle coins, or other pieces and sell them as special novelty coins. While these painted coins are often beautiful works of coin art, they are not rare and aren’t valuable. In numismatic terms, colored coins are usually worth only whatever the intrinsic metal content of the coin itself is worth. Other Types Of Strange Coins I’m a roller coaster junkie, a weather enthusiast, a frequent traveler, and a numismatist. My love for coins began when I was 11 years old. I primarily collect and study U.S. coins produced during the 20th century. I’m a member of the American Numismatic Association (ANA) and the Numismatic Literary Guild (NLG). I’ve also been studying meteorology and watching weather patterns for years. I enjoy sharing little-known facts and fun stuff about coins, weather, travel, health, food, and living green… on a budget. MORE LIKE THIS ... FREE U.S. COINS NEWSLETTER VIA EMAIL Stay up to date with what's happening on The U.S. Coin Guide. From finding Rare Coins to determining Coin Values and other Fun Things To Do With Coins... you'll always be the first to see these helpful tips as soon as we publish a new article.Search Results ENGL 201. English Literature to 1800. 3 Hours. A study of works representative of the major writers and periods from the Middle Ages through the 18th century, with emphasis on critical understanding of these works and on the influences that produced them. Prerequisite: (ENGL 101 with a minimum grade of D or HUM 101 with a minimum grade of D) and ENGL 102 with a minimum grade of D.A considerable number of food poisoning incidents occur every year in every major community. Such incidents often go unrecognized; and many recognized incidents are not reported to the health authorities. But occasionally the nature of the illness is so distinctive, the latent interval sufficiently short, and the numbers of people involved and the circumstances are such that a number of victims report their illnesses to the health department. These are the visible part of the food poisoning "iceberg", and it is imperative that all such reports be carefully received and recorded on a standard Food Poisoning Report form, by the epidemiologist, a designated public health nurse or sanitarian. Each report should then be promptly examined by the community epidemiologist, and whenever the nature and circumstances of the reported illness warrants it, an appropriate investigation must be quickly performed, initially by telephone. Often an investigation is triggered by a cluster of two or more reports closely associated in nature, time, and place. Herewith a number of food poisoning investigation reports from my files, which may be useful for neophyte epidemiologists when confronted with similar incidents: Occasionally we received bogus reports of food-borne illness; some from obvious cranks, or persons seeking to develop a basis for suing a restaurant or manufacturer; which wasted the time of one or more of us. And not infrequently, someone would bring a can or bottle with dubious contents and demand that we analyze the contents "for any poisonous substance". To do such an open-ended examination for every conceivable poison that might be in a specimen would require exorbitant expenditure of laboratory and manpower resources. But if we summarily refused to examine any such specimen, the offended party might soon complain about our disinterest to political officials, with repercussions. Hence, we ordinarily accepted such specimens, to be held in a refrigerator or freezer pending submission of one or more stool specimens, By requiring submission of a designated number of stool specimens before undertaking any extensive laboratory examination requested, we fended off many cranks few of whom are willing to go to the trouble of submitting multiple stool specimens. During my seven years with the Seattle-King County Health Department, I investigated many food poisoning outbreaks, some of which were quite memorable; and for some of which I have found reports. One such I remember, but for which I do not yet find a report, was from "The Maison Blanche" restaurant (no longer operative). It came to my notice because a number of prominent business persons who ate lunch there became sufficiently ill with high fever and diarrheal illness that they were hospitalized, and Salmonella Typhimurium isolated from their feces. These cases were reported to the health department. From the known cases and luncheon companions, I obtained sufficient food consumption histories that the crab salad was clearly identified as the offending vehicle. I then visited the restaurant, examined the facilities, obtained additional histories, and obtained rectal
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776, 3114, 13, 627, 403, 247, 2257, 273, 952, 751, 479, 835, 2622, 6498, 3038, 816, 1053, 457, 85, 789, 1425, 187, 187, 1989, 5909, 253, 11008, 3548, 457, 85, 253, 990, 14, 455, 273, 521, 5827, 15, 401, 483, 91, 310, 2819 ]	ila of the Road Runner and Coyote because the cliffs surrounding the cala are a deep orange similar to the cartoon! Cala Xarraca, Cala Tarida, Cala Xuclar and all the little rock pools around Figueretes and are some of the favourites. We hear Ibiza has several markets held weekly on the island. Any favourites? There are so many markets; I wish I had made it to more! There is a massive 'Hippy Market' in Punta Arabi, which is definitely worth a visit. You could spend the whole day there, as it's so big. They have live music and children's workshops so it's a great day out for the family. Friends of ours married on Formentera recently and had such a relaxing trip with their entire tribe. Do you guys go there? Formentera is paradise! We have only been once but we would love to go back and spend more time there. Fomentera is only a half-hour ferry ride from Ibiza so definitely a must-do while you are there, even if only for a day! We also love Mallorca, which is the larger island north of Ibiza. Weather-wise, when is the best time of year to visit Ibiza? We have always been in the summer so we can escape the Australian 'winter' but I would love to go in their winter. The locals say it has such a cool vibe and is so different to the tourist-packed summer. I really noticed this year how busy Ibiza was getting each day we were there so if you do go in summer, just be prepared for crowds. August is the busiest so I really enjoy June and September there as it's still warm but not crazy busy. Where do you usually stay and can you recommend any family-friendly areas? We have always stayed in the south-west of the island around Playa d'en Bossa, Figueretes and Talamanca. We prefer this area as it's close to the Old Town of Eivissa and not as touristy as it is around San Antonio on the other side of the island. Playa d'en Bossa is a main party area so can get a little crazy at night but I always felt fine having Lila there during the day and early evening. There are certainly more chilled parts of the island if you would prefer to be away from the action. I'd recommend hiring a car, as it’s the best way to see the island. Nothing is too far, and we would jump in the car and just go exploring. Everywhere is well signposted so we never used a GPS, which I loved as it reminded me of the old days. Anything else you wish to share about your travels that likeminded families may love to read? My biggest tip for travelling to Spain with children is to go with the flow! It's such a different lifestyle to ours in Australia and if you get caught up with staying in what may be a typical home routine, you might miss out on some of the fun! Lila is a night owl anyway but in Spain, she would go to bed late and sleep in late and we found that fit in better with Ibiza life. The sun doesn't set until 9.30ish in summer so the evenings are lovely to enjoy at the beach or outdoors. We enjoyed so many sunsets together which was really special. Also encourage your children to try the local foods and learn the language. It's amazing how adventurous they can be and what knowledge they take in.NEW DELHI -- India and France have joined hands to spearhead a global "solar revolution" with an aim to generate one terawatt of energy by 2030, an ambitious goal that requires $1 trillion in funds. "There are financial and regulation hurdles and capacity hurdles," said visiting French President Emmanuel Macron at the founding conference of the International Solar Alliance here on Sunday. He added the private and public sectors and society needed to come together to overcome these challenges. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi is the chief architect of the ISA that he launched with then French President Francois Hollande in Paris in November 2015 during a convention on climate change. The alliance involves 121 prospective member-countries that fall between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, and are exposed to the "maximum solar intensity of over 300 days a year," acording to a bureaucrat at the Indian external affairs ministry. The ISA aims to facilitate the large-scale deployment of solar energy in those countries, that are home to 73% of the world's population -- by aggregating the demand for funding, technology and innovation. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and French President Emmanuel Macron with other participants at the first conference of the International Solar Alliance in New Delhi on March 11. (Photo courtesy of Press Information Bureau of India) So far, 62 countries have signed the ISA framework agreement, out of which 32 have already ratified it. Australia, Bangladesh, Cuba, France, Ghana, India, Papua New Guinea, Sudan, Sri Lanka, Togo, the United Arab Emirates and Venezuela are among those that have ratified the agreement. These nations, Macron said, have 138 gigawatt of solar power potential over the next five years. "Depending on the countries, 20-50% of population does not have access to electricity," he said, pointing to the pent-up demand. During the summit, New Delhi also announced 27 solar projects under the Indian government's credit lines in 15 countries, including Bangladesh, Chad, Congo, Ghana, Mali, Rwanda and Sri Lanka. The estimated cost of these projects is $1.4 billion. Separately, Macron and Modi on Monday inaugurated a 100-megawatt solar power plant built by French firm ENGIE in northern Uttar Pradesh state's Mirzapur area, a key step in meeting the target of 100 gigawatt of electricity in India from solar energy by 2022. Macron applauded India's efforts in expanding renewable energy capacity within two years, from 39GW to 63GW, with solar energy growing up by 140%. "You [India] attracted investment, you supported them, you are training your own people. This is what the alliance of 121 countries in Africa, Asia, Latin America and Oceania shall be doing," Macron said Sunday. France, Macron said, has already met its 2015 pledge of providing 300 million euros ($369 million) to ISA member countries, and the French development agency will allocate an additional 700 million euros to its solar energy commitments by 2022. Referring to "solar mamas," a group of African women trained as solar engineers under an Indian government program, Macron said these women "didn't wait and didn't stop because some countries decided to just leave the floor and leave the Paris agreement." They kept on moving "because they decided it's good for them, their children and grandchildren. They decided to act and keep acting," he said. Macron's comment was an oblique reference to U.S. President Donald Trump's decision to withdraw from the Paris climate agreement reached in 2015 with an aim to curb global carbon emissions and slow rising temperatures. For his part, Modi pointed out that India has started the world's largest renewable energy expansion program. "We will generate 175GW of electricity from renewables by 2022, of which 100GW of power will be from solar energy." For the ISA, he presented an action plan that includes affordable solar technology for all, low-risk finance and an increased ratio of solar power in the energy mix. "We have to ensure that a better and affordable solar technology is easily accessible to everyone," he said. "We will have to provide concessional and low-risk financing for solar projects, and develop regulatory aspects and standards to [find solutions]," he said, adding consultancy support would be required for "bankable solar projects" in developing countries. Macron's 4-day India visit concludes on Monday.New Gym in Avon Opens for Business The new Raise the Bar fitness center and gym is officially open in Avon. Photo by Joy Crist The new Raise the Bar fitness center and gym in Avon is open for business, although an official grand opening as well as 24/7 hours of operation is on the horizon, per owner Seth Foutz. Foutz, a 20+ year chef and island resident, was one of the local members affected by the closure of the Spa Koru gym at the end of 2018, but after a little mentoring from Spa Koru owner Joe Thompson, he quickly set a plan in motion to open a new gym less than a half mile away from the former one. Raise the Bar is located at the Kinnakeet Corner complex at the edge of Avon Village, and the 2,700 square foot space features high-impact floors, new walls, and a variety of equipment throughout the spacious interior. Currently, the gym is open from 8 a.m. until 8 p.m., but Foutz will soon be installing a 24-hour keyless access system that will allow members to work out on their own schedule. “Working in the restaurant industry, I never went to gym in the summer because the hours [of operation] didn’t work with my schedule,” said Foutz in an earlier interview. “And in our community, there are a lot of people like me where normal operating hours just don’t work.” But opening the doors isn’t the end-all of his plans. Foutz is looking
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Here you will see all the deals you have purchased. If you purchased a voucher from us, it will show up there as "2712 Designs". Click on the blue button "View Voucher", which will give you a download of your voucher code and instructions on how to redeem under "How to Use." Your Groupon voucher will begin with "G" and end with either "REC" , "SQ", "EMB" or "HND" depending on the item that you purchased. Not sure where you should be? Check the end of your voucher code: If your voucher code ends in REC, your voucher is valid on a rectangle stamp design which can be found here: Rectangle Stamps If your voucher code ends in SQ, your voucher is valid on a square stamp stamp design which can be found here: Square Stamps If your voucher code ends in EMB, your voucher is valid on a desk embosser stamp design which can be found here: Desk Embossers If your voucher code ends in HND, your voucher is valid on a hand embosser stamp design which can be found here: Hand Embossers Still having difficulty? 1. Make sure to click on the product link provided with your voucher to ensure you are taken to the correct product page associated with your voucher code (also see above). 2. Be sure that you copy and paste your voucher code from the purchaser and paste it into the coupon box in the checkout page. Voucher codes must be exact, missing or having just one character off will cause your voucher to be rejected. 3. Check that your voucher has not expired. Expired vouchers can be used as store credit for the paid value. Please contact for assistance if your voucher has expired. How do I redeem my voucher?Choose the stamp design that you would like under Shop > Self-Inking Stamps or Self-Inking Square Stampsand click "Order." Fill in personalization lines. Double check all spelling & punctuation and then click "Add to Cart." Repeat process if you would like to order additional stamps or click on the cart icon on the top right corner to continue to checkout. Type or paste in voucher code in the white box and then click "Apply Coupon." Once voucher code had been deducted, click on "Proceed to Checkout." Enter your billing, shipping address and payment information to complete your order. My Voucher code is not working? Please note that all of our voucher codes end with the following letters: REC - Codes ending in this will only work with rectangle stamps found here SQ - Codes ending in this will only work with square stamps found here Will I get a digital proof of my stamp? No, unfortunately a digital proof is not included in this deal. When will my stamp ship? After you have placed your order and redeemed your voucher through the 2712 Designs website, your stamp order will ship within 10-14 business days. When your order has shipped an email confirmation including tracking number will be sent to the email used to place your order through 2712 Designs. You can track your order here ---> Track My OrderI purchased more than one voucher, but it's only letting me enter one voucher? If you've purchased more than one voucher, you will need to make a separate order for each voucher code. I placed my stamp order, but would like to make a change? Once your order has been submitted we may be able to make a change as long as it has not been made. Please email us and we can assist you with this. Locating your voucher code: After you place your order with LivingSocial, they provide you with a voucher code, which you then take to our website to redeem for a stamp. Your Living Social voucher will begin with "S" and end with either "REC" , "SQ" or "EMB" depending on the item that you purchased. To view your voucher code: Sign into your LivingSocial account, click on your username at the top right hand corner, and then the drop down option "My Vouchers." Here you will see all the deals you have purchased. If you purchased a voucher from us, it will show up there as "2712 Designs". Your LivingSocial voucher will begin with "S" and end with either "REC" , "SQ", "EMB" or "HND" depending on the item that you purchased. Not sure where you should be? Check the end of your voucher code: If your voucher code ends in REC, your voucher is valid on a rectangle stamp design which can be found here: Rectangle Stamps If your voucher code ends in SQ, your voucher is valid on a square stamp stamp design which can be found here: Square Stamps If your voucher code ends in EMB, your voucher is valid on a desk embosser stamp design which can be found here: Desk Embossers If your voucher code ends in HND, your voucher is valid on a hand embosser stamp design which can be found here: Hand Embossers Still having difficulty? 1. Make sure to click on the product link provided with your voucher to ensure you are taken to the correct product page associated with your voucher code (also see above). 2. Be sure that you copy and paste your voucher code from the purchaser and paste it into the coupon box in the checkout page. Voucher codes must be exact, missing or having just one character off will cause your voucher to be rejected. 3. Check that your voucher has not expired. Expired vouchers can be used as store credit for the paid value. Please contact for assistance if your voucher has expired. Expired vouchers can be used as store credit for the paid value. Please click help on the right of the page. Please provide us with the following information: 1. Your voucher code 2. The email address you would like the store credit to be sent to Shipping fees vary by product. You can always see how much the shipping fees will be by adding what you want to the cart. Then click on the shipping calculator and the shipping fees will appear. We test all stamps functionality and quality before they are shipped, so I've included some helpful tips to ensure the best stamped image. First, I suggest removing and re-inserting your design plate as, although rare, it may have shifted while in transit. Please view the link included with a quick video on how to properly remove and insert your design plate. https://www.2712designs.com/how-to/ Here are our recommendations to get the best impression: 1. Use your stamp on a clean, dry, flat, hard surface such as a desk or non textured table. If you seem to be having difficulties with certain areas of your stamp, try stamping on a slightly cushioned surface such as an even stack of paper or a mouse pad. 2. Be sure that the item you are stamping is separate from the stack. Stamp on one layer at a time. 3. When using our stamps on enveloped, stamp before stuffing. When stamping on the flap, fold out and stamp on single surface. 4. Stamp in a clean, straight motion with even pressure. Keep the stamp body steady and do not rock as this may result in an uneven impression and unwanted ink marks. 6. While we do not recommend stamping on textured surfaces, it can be done but will most likely result in an uneven impression. 7. Our stamps are not suitable for use on glossy surfaces as the ink is water based and will not dry entirely. A speciality ink set can be purchased for glossy surfaced materials. Current processing is 10-14 business days. Rush Processing is available for an additional $30.00. Rush Processing gets your item made and shipped in 1 business day and includes USPS Priority Mail shipping (approx. 3-5 business day delivery time after shipment). If you would like this option, please select RUSH at checkout.Pharmacotherapy for hypertension in the elderly. Elevated blood pressure (known as hypertension) increases with age, and most rapidly over age 60. Systolic hypertension is more strongly associated with cardiovascular disease than diastolic hypertension, and occurs more commonly in older people. It is important to know the benefits and harms of antihypertensive treatment of hypertension in this age group. To quantify antihypertensive drug effect on overall mortality, cardiovascular mortality and morbidity and withdrawal due to adverse effects in people 60 years and older with mild to moderate systolic or diastolic hypertension. Updated search of electronic database of EMBASE, CENTRAL, MEDLINE until Dec 2008; previous search of two Japanese databases (1973-1995) and WHO-ISH Collaboration register (August 1997); references from reviews, trials and previously published meta-analyses; and experts. Randomized controlled trials of at least one year duration in hypertensive elders (at least 60 years old) comparing antihypertensive drug therapy with placebo or no treatment and providing morbidity and mortality data. Outcomes assessed were total mortality (including cardiovascular, coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular mortality); total cardiovascular morbidity and mortality (representing combined coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality); and withdrawal due to adverse events. Fifteen trials (24,055 subjects >/= 60
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STREAMS were a competing API design on System V Revision 3. With the BSD Sockets API came the select() syscall. But why was it necessary? I always thought that the "proper" Unix way to write network servers in was to create one worker process for each connection. In case of TCP/IP servers, this meant the accept-and-fork model: sd = bind (); while ( 1 ) { cd = accept ( sd ); if ( fork () == 0 ) { close ( sd ); // Worker code goes here. Do the work for `cd` socket. exit ( 0 ); } // Get back to `accept` loop. Don't leak the `cd`. close ( cd ); } While this model may be sufficient for writing basic network services 3, it's not enough for non-trivial programs. Terminal multiplexing Around 1983, Rob Pike was developing Blit, a fancy graphical terminal for Research Unix 8th Edition. Best to see it in action: Here's the Blit research paper for the curious. Blit clearly did terminal multiplexing. It allowed users to interact with multiple virtual consoles over a single physical serial link. I asked Mr. Pike about the history of select : Accept-and-fork, as you call it, makes it impossible for multiple clients to share state on the server. It's not just about networking either; one influence was the work with the Blit. While running two synchronous processes to power cu was sufficient, it wasn't enough to power Blit. Blit did require some kind of socket multiplexing facility to work smoothly. I would speculate that there was an theoretical alternative. One might try to extend the cu model and hack together a file descriptor multiplexer by spawning multiple processes blocking on I/O and having them synchronized on some kind of IPC. Unfortunately no decent IPC mechanisms existed for BSD. System V IPC was released in January 1983, but nothing comparable was implemented on BSD. I went through the 4.2BSD man pages and couldn't find any kind of real IPC4. With lack of any serious IPC mechanisms, it seems likely that Blit simply needed select to be able to do the console multiplexing. Back to sockets I contacted Kirk McKusick about the history of select . He replied: Select was introduced to allow applications to multiplex their I/O. Consider a simple application like a remote login. It has descriptors for reading from and writing to the terminal and a descriptor for the (bidirectional) socket. It needs to read from the terminal keyboard and write those characters to the socket. It also needs to read from the socket and write to the terminal. Reading from a descriptor that has nothing queued causes the application to block until data arrives. The application does not know whether to read from the terminal or the socket and if it guesses wrong will incorrectly block. So select was added to let it find out which descriptor had data ready to read. If neither, select blocks until data arrives on one descriptor and then awakens telling which descriptor has data to read. [...] Non-blocking was added at the same time as select. But using non-blocking when reading descriptors does not work well. Do you go into an infinite loop trying to read each of your input descriptors? If not, do you pause after each pass and if so for how long to remain responsive to input? Select is just far more efficient. Select also lets you create a single inetd daemon rather than having to have a separate daemon for every service. Here we are. Mr. McKusick confirms that non-blocking I/O simply didn't exist before select . Furthermore, he cites the cu terminal use case - it would be hard to write a telnet client without I/O multiplexing. Finally, he mentions inetd , which although introduced later in 4.3BSD, would have been impossible without select . Recap Having to run two processes to get cu working was a hack. With lack of any serious IPC it was impossible to emulate socket multiplexing in Blit without select . Furthermore select was needed to implement inetd . On architecture level select is needed to implement stateful servers which allow some state sharing between client connections. Here's another snippet from the "UNIX Time-Sharing System: A Retrospective" page 1966: [In UNIX] input and output ordinarily appear to be synchronous; programs wait until their I/O is completed. [...] There remain special applications in which one desires to initiate I/O on several streams and delay until the operation is complete on only one of them. When the number of streams is small, it is possible to simulate this usage with several processes. However, the writers of a UNIX ncp ("network control program") interface to the Arpanet feel that genuinely asynchronous I/O would improve their implementation significantly. Early Unix systems were pretty basic and select was simply not needed. It's not that blocking I/O model in C was deemed the best programming paradigm for everyone. This model made sense because all you could do were simple operations on files. This all was changed with the advent of network. Network application required things like inetd , stateful servers and terminal emulators like telnet . These things would be hard to implement had the OS not allowed socket multiplexing. Conclusion In this discussion I was afraid to phrase the core question. Were Unix processes intended to be CSP-style processes? Are file descriptors a CSP-derived "channels"? Is select equivalent to ALT statement? I think: no. Even if there are design similarities, they are accidental. The file-descriptor abstractions were developed well before the original CSP paper. It seems that an operating socket API's evolved totally disconnected from the userspace CSP-alike programming paradigms. It's a pity though. It would be interesting to see an operating system coherent with the programming paradigms of the user land programs. Let me leave you with a couple of vaguely related links: Ever wondered why select uses a bit mask to pass file descriptor list to kernel? Because 4.2BSD allowed only 20 file descriptors per program. uses a bit mask to pass file descriptor list to kernel? Because 4.2BSD allowed only 20 file descriptors per program. History of Actors programming model Channel I/O STREAMS and Solaris Guide and "A Stream Input-Output System" by Ritchie. mpx and mpxio or mpxcall - an early IPC / file desciptor multiplexing API. I think these were introduced in 1979 Version 7 Unix: "Multiplexed files: A feature that did not survive long was a second way (besides pipes) to do inter-process communication: multiplexed files. A process could create a special type of file with the mpx system call; other processes could then open this file to get a "channel", denoted by a file descriptor, which could be used to communicate with the process that created the multiplexed file. Mpx files were considered experimental, not enabled in the default kernel, and disappeared from later versions, which offered sockets (BSD) or CB UNIX's IPC facilities (System V) instead (although mpx files were still present in 4.1BSD)." Update: Mr. Pike clarified a bit of early history: Greg Chessons mpx was in v7 unix by the late 1970s, well before 1983 and BSD. Sockets were just one attempt in a crowded environment. The predecessor to the Blit used Greg's mpx. I think the very earliest Blit stuff did too, but by the time the movie was made v8 had happened and Dennis Ritchie gave me streams and select (but no sockets!). Select and sockets were roughly the same time but not necessarily two parts of one thing. The last statement is telling. select came at the same time as sockets, but it wasn't implemented purely for networking. It seems that all of multiplexing, sockets and IPC came at about the same time, without a coherent grand design. A number of people helped with this article: Rob Pike, Kirk McKusick, Ólafur Guðmundsson, Martin J. Levy, David Wragg and Tony Garnock-Jones. Thanks! Update: In a twitter exchange Clifford Heath noted that there was nonblocking I/O on TTY devices before 1983. There was nonblocking I/O before 1983. The University of Melbourne CS dept paused in 1980/1 to play Hack, and I used it for Pacman. I wonder how it worked. What ioctl's did it use and what were the semantics. Perhaps read() was nonblocking? Upate: Paul Ruizendaal followed up this blog post with some more investigation into early history. His findings are documented in The History of Unix mailing list: Continue reading about Select() being fundamentally broken →[2019/03/28] "Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon" The Super Liveを彩る楽曲たちの配信が決定しました！明日3月29日(金)より、iTunesとApple Musicの2サイトで、1曲ごとにダウンロード購入が可能となります。 ※全楽曲Instrumentalでの配信となります。さらに、ア
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83, 768, 18, 16, 21, 724, 1569, 2553, 4038, 6222, 13, 342, 495, 37, 2716, 14, 14611, 9941, 7224, 83, 1126, 1109, 44218, 11971, 380, 3302, 1979, 273, 253, 653, 248, 2631, 4447, 275, 247, 13649, 24362, 390, 7592, 17620, 310, 873, 407, 247, 5019, 273, 2341, 14144, 285, 2432 ]	the SMBH mass to grow at a rate given by ${\epsilon_{\rm heat}}c^2 {\dot M}_{\rm BH} = L_{\rm cool}$. We adopt values ${f_{\rm Edd}}= 0.01$ and ${\epsilon_{\rm heat}}=0.02$ for these parameters, based on @Fanidakis15. The results in this paper are not very sensitive to these values. (@Bower08 considered an alternative AGN feedback scheme in [<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">galform</span>]{}, in which energy input from AGN is able to expel most of the hot gas halo, rather than just balance radiative cooling. However, in this paper we retain the simpler @Bower06 AGN feedback scheme, in line with other [<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">galform</span>]{}papers.) Dynamical processes {#ssec:dynamics} ------------------- Galaxies evolve according to a variety of dynamical processes, as we now describe. ### Galaxy mergers We classify galaxies into [central]{} galaxies, which sit at the centres of their DM halos and can grow by accreting gas which cools in that halo, and [satellite]{} galaxies which orbit within the DM halo, and are assumed not to accrete any gas from the hot gas halo. When DM halos merge, we assume that the central galaxy in the most massive progenitor halo becomes the new central galaxy, while all other galaxies are left as satellites in the new halo. Satellite galaxies merge with the central galaxy in their host DM halo on a timescale set by [dynamical friction]{}. In @Cole00, we used a dynamical friction timescale which was calculated analytically from the Chandraskhar dynamical friction formula, but did not include the effects on the dynamical friction rate of tidal stripping of the DM subhalo hosting the satellite galaxy. In the new model, we replace this with a modified expression obtained by fitting to the results of cosmological N-body/hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation [@Jiang08; @Jiang10], which automatically incorporates the effects of this tidal stripping: $$\begin{aligned} \lefteqn{\tau_{\rm merge} = } \nonumber \\ & & \frac{f(\epsilon)}{2 C} \frac{M_{\rm pri}}{M_{\rm sat}} \, \frac{1}{\ln\left( 1 + M_{\rm pri}/M_{\rm sat} \right)} \, \left( \frac{{r_{\rm circ}}}{{r_{\rm vir}}} \right)^{1/2} \, \tau_{\rm dyn,halo} . \label{eq:taumerge}\end{aligned}$$ This gives the time for a satellite to merge with the central galaxy from when it falls in through the virial radius of the main halo, in terms of the masses $M_{\rm sat}$ of the satellite system (galaxy plus DM halo) and $M_{\rm pri}$ (galaxies plus DM halo) of the primary at infall, and [circularity]{} $\epsilon$ of the satellite orbit (at infall), defined as the ratio of the orbital angular momentum to that of a circular orbit of the same energy in the same potential, and ${r_{\rm circ}}$, the radius of this equivalent circular orbit. The constant $C=0.43$, while $f(\epsilon) = 0.90 \epsilon^{0.47} + 0.60$ is the fit found by @Jiang08. In applying this formula, we draw a random value of $\epsilon$ for each satellite from the probability distribution of orbital parameters of infalling satellite halos measured by @Benson05 from cosmological N-body simulations. The merger time is calculated when the satellite first falls into the main halo. If the satellite has not merged with the central galaxy by the time of the next halo mass doubling event, then the merger time is recalculated for the new halo, drawing a new value of $\epsilon$ from the distribution. [ (Note that, since we calculate the galaxy merger timescale analytically, rather than using the orbit of the satellite galaxy subhalo measured from the N-body simulation used in constructing the halo merger trees, our galaxy merger timescales are not affected by galaxies becoming “orphaned”, i.e. losing their subhalos due to effects of limited numerical resolution.)]{} The result of a galaxy merger depends on the ratio of baryonic mass (including both stars and cold gas) of the satellite, $M_{\rm b,sat}$, to that of the central galaxy, $M_{\rm b,cen}$. We define two different thresholds, ${f_{\rm burst}}\leq {f_{\rm ellip}}\leq 1$. (a) Mergers with $M_{\rm b,sat}/M_{\rm b,cen} > {f_{\rm ellip}}$ are classed as [major]{}. We assume that any stellar disks are destroyed and transformed into a stellar spheroid, while all of the cold gas collapses into the newly formed spheroid. Other mergers are classed as [minor]{}. In minor mergers, stars from the satellite are added to the spheroid of the central galaxy, but the cold gas is added to the disk of the central galaxy, without changing the specific angular momentum of the latter. (b) Mergers with $M_{\rm b,sat}/M_{\rm b,cen} > {f_{\rm burst}}$ (which includes all major mergers) trigger starbursts, in which all of the cold gas from the merging galaxies is transferred to the spheroid and then consumed by star formation or ejected by the resulting SN feedback. Numerical simulations of galaxy mergers imply ${f_{\rm ellip}}\sim 0.3$ and ${f_{\rm burst}}\sim 0.1$ [e.g. @Mihos94; @Barnes98; @Hopkins09]. We treat ${f_{\rm ellip}}$ and ${f_{\rm burst}}$ as adjustable parameters, but only in small ranges around these values. ### Disk instabilities Galaxies can also undergo morphological transformations and trigger starbursts due to disk instabilities. Galaxy disks which are dominated by rotational motions are unstable to bar formation when they are sufficently self-gravitating. Based on the work of @Efstathiou82, we assume that disks are dynamically unstable to bar formation if $${F_{\rm disk}}\equiv \frac{{V_{\rm c}}({r_{\rm disk}})}{\left( 1.68 \, G{M_{\rm disk}}/{r_{\rm disk}}\right)^{1/2}} <{F_{\rm stab}}, \label{eq:disk_stability}$$ where ${M_{\rm disk}}$ is the total disk mass (stars plus gas), ${r_{\rm disk}}$ is the disk half-mass radius, and the factor $1.68$ relates this to the disk exponential scalelength.[^9] The quantity ${F_{\rm disk}}$ measures the contribution of disk self-gravity to its circular velocity, with larger values corresponding to less self-gravity and so greater disk stability.[^10] @Efstathiou82 found a stability threshold ${F_{\rm stab}}\approx 1.1$ for a family of exponential stellar disk models, while @Christodoulou95 found ${F_{\rm stab}}\approx 0.9$ for a family of gaseous disks. We treat ${F_{\rm stab}}$ as an adjustable parameter in the range $0.9 {\lesssim}{F_{\rm stab}}{\lesssim}1.1$, with larger values resulting in more disks becoming unstable. Note that a completely self-gravitating stellar disk would have ${F_{\rm disk}}=0.61$. If the disk satisfies the instability condition ${F_{\rm disk}}<{F_{\rm stab}}$ at any timestep, then we assume that the disk forms a bar, [ which then thickens due to vertical buckling instabilities and evolves into a spheroid [@Combes90; @Debattista06]. We assume that this newly formed spheroid incorporates all of the stellar mass of the pre-existing disk and of any pre-existing spheroid. We also assume that bar formation triggers a starburst that consumes any cold gas present.]{} While in reality the timescale for growth of the bar and its evolution into a bulge is likely to be at least several disk dynamical times, in the model we approximate this whole process as happening instantaneously, as soon as the disk instability condition is met. Galaxy sizes {#ssec:sizes} ------------ Our model for galaxy sizes is identical to that in @Cole00. Galaxies consist of a disk and a spheroid embedded in a DM halo. These three components interact with each other gravitationally. (a) We assume that the disk has an exponential surface density profile, with a half-mass radius ${r_{\rm disk}}$ that is set by angular momentum conservation and by centrifugal equilibrium in the combined gravitational potential of disk, bulge and halo. When the disk accretes gas by cooling from the halo, it is assumed to gain angular momentum equal to that which this gas had in the halo before it cooled. When the disk loses gas through SN feedback, this is assumed to leave the specific angular momentum of the disk unchanged. Apart from this, the disk angular momentum remains constant, but the disk radius adiabatically adjusts in response to changes in the gravitational potential. (b) We assume that the spheroid is spherical and has an $r^{1/4}$ law surface density profile, with 3D half-mass radius ${r_{\rm bulge}}$. The initial size of the spheroid formed in a galaxy merger or disk instability is set by a combination of energy conservation and vir
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578, 2270, 3363, 16943, 2203, 14, 1968, 568, 926, 27, 15700, 64, 32805, 64, 3801, 64, 33759, 10148, 6394, 15700, 64, 32805, 64, 3801, 64, 33759, 599, 910, 3429, 568, 17, 15, 2222, 61, 33237, 986, 187, 187, 23648, 342 ]	![Comparison of the mean values of magnetic field strength between the models `IF_q10_UU`, `IF_q10_DD`, `IF_q10_UD`. The yellow vertical line marks the merger time and the circles show the time of BH formation for each model.[]{data-label="fig:Bmean"}]({{Bmean}}){width="0.95\columnwidth"} ![image]({{Bmean_multisim}}){width="99.00000%"} The rest-mass density evolutions on the equatorial and meridional planes are shown in the top rows of Figures \[fig:2d\_rms\_cut\_xy\_IF\] and \[fig:2d\_rms\_cut\_xz\_IF\], respectively. As its total rest mass is well within the hypermassive regime for a single object, the merger is followed by a HMNS phase lasting $\sim8.5$ ms and the eventual collapse to a BH. Most of the rest mass in the system is rapidly swallowed by the BH during its formation, leaving behind only a light disk. At the end of the simulation ($\sim$26 ms after BH formation) the disk mass is only $\sim0.04$ M$_\odot$ and the accretion time scale is less than 100 ms (see Table \[tab:final-system\]). The BH spin is relatively high $a_\mathrm{BH}\sim 0.8$ (the highest value obtained in this study). The evolutions of the magnetic field energy and strength are shown in Figures \[fig:emag\], \[fig:Bmax\], \[fig:Bmean\], and \[fig:Bmean\_multisim\]. A sudden increase of magnetic energy is observed in the first 2 ms after merger. This is to be attributed to the shear that is generated when the two stars first touch and that is associated with strong magnetic field amplification via the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (although our resolution does not allow us to fully resolve it; see Section \[res\]). In the following evolution, the magnetic field is further amplified (at a lower rate) in the HMNS phase and in the remnant disk after BH formation. The magnetic energy and the maximum field strength do not show a sudden decrease at BH formation, indicating that most of the field is outside the high-density bulk of the HMNS that is immediately swallowed by the nascent BH. Conversely, such a drop is observed when considering a density-weighted average of the magnetic field strength. Around 15 ms after BH formation the gain in magnetic energy becomes lower than the loss associated with the accretion of magnetized material in the disk. Overall, the maximum magnetic field strength achieved is a factor of $\sim50$ higher than the initial value. More details on the magnetic field amplification mechanisms and the dependence on resolution are discussed in Section \[res\]. As shown in Figure \[fig:Bmean\_multisim\], magnetic field amplification is mostly in favor of the toroidal component. In terms of average magnetic field strength, the toroidal component becomes comparable to the poloidal one in the first ms after merger and in the HMNS phase the two keep growing together. Then, after BH formation the poloidal field remains much smaller than the toroidal one, which is more efficiently amplified in the disk. We now discuss in more detail the geometrical structure of the magnetic field. To qualitatively assess the global structure of the field, we use three-dimensional (3D) plots of selected field lines. Visualizing field lines is a complex task and can be very misleading. We developed a prescription for the automated selection of field lines that gives good results without any manual (i.e. potentially biased) intervention. The procedure is described in detail in the Appendix. For a quantitative description of the field, we rely instead on histograms of magnetic energy in suitable bins based on spatial position. An overview of the evolution of the field structure is given in Fig. \[fig:field3d\_evol\_IF\_UU\]. During early inspiral, the field is given by the initial data prescription, Eq. (\[eq:Avec\]). We recall that the magnetic field strength drops to zero towards the surface and there is no field outside the stars. During the last orbits of inspiral (not shown in the figure), the field already becomes more irregular. The complex fluid flows during merger finally destroy all regularity, as can be seen in the second snapshot ($\sim2\usk\milli\second$ after merger). In the remaining evolution, the field structure becomes more regular again. As expected, magnetic winding produces a toroidal field of increasing strength near the equatorial plane. More interestingly, we also observe a cone-like region of increasing strength along the edge of the accretion torus. The alignment is highlighted in the figure by displaying two isodensity surfaces in addition to the field. Initially, the field along the cone is more or less tangential, but still relatively irregular. At a later stage, around $30\usk\milli\second$ after merger, the lines along the cone acquire a clear “twister” structure. This could be attributed to the stretching of field lines by the fluid flow along the edge of the torus. By using an interactive version of Fig. \[fig:field3d\_evol\_IF\_UU\] to look at magnified parts from different angles, we found that the strong field lines typically turn around sharply at some point and very closely follow their previous path in reverse. This is indeed the expected outcome of stretching an initially irregular field continuously along a quasistationary shearing fluid flow. We stress that Fig. \[fig:field3d\_evol\_IF\_UU\] visualizes the orientation of the field, but not the sign, which alternates on small length scales. The cone contains field lines going both upwards and downwards (along the cone), and the toroidal field near the equatorial plane contains field lines wound both clockwise and counterclockwise. The field near the BH axis is only mildly collimated. From animations showing a cut through the meridional plane, we found that it is also strongly fluctuating. This seems to be related to lumps of low-density matter falling towards the BH along the axis. To quantify the magnitude and topology of the magnetic field, we sum the magnetic field energy contained in bins regularly spaced in $\cos(\theta)$, where $\theta$ is the angle to the BH axis. Thus, a homogeneous field would result in a flat distribution. This measure allows us to distinguish the amount of energy in the disk, along the conical structure separating the disk and funnel, and near the axis. As a measure for the strength of the field, we computed for each bin the field strength $B_{90}$, defined by the requirement that 90% of the magnetic field energy is contributed by regions with field strength below $B_{90}$. We use this measure because using the maximum field strength is too sensitive to potential outliers, while using the average field strength would depend on the volume under consideration. Using $B_{90}$ is a good compromise. ![image]({{bfield_dens_3d_IF_UU_evol}}){width="99.00000%"} The energy distribution and the field strength $B_{90}$ for model `IF_q10_UU` at three different times are shown in Fig. \[fig:hist\_evol\_IF\_UU\]. The total magnetic energy near the equatorial plane increases by around an order of magnitude between $12$–$22\usk\milli\second$ after merger, most likely because of magnetic winding in the torus. The energy $35\usk\milli\second$ after merger is slightly lower, however. The reason is uncertain, but it might be a change of the torus structure and/or loss by accretion. The energy along the conical structure separating the disk and funnel is steadily growing (side peaks). The final distribution has a pronounced local maximum, corresponding to an opening half-angle around $50\degree$. Notably, the regions near the BH axis ($\theta<20\degree$) do not contribute significantly to the total field energy. The field strength $B_{90}$ near the equator increases from ${\approx}6\times 10^{12}\usk{\ensuremath{\mathrm{G}}}$ at $12\usk\milli\second$ after merger up to ${\approx}2\times 10^{13}\usk{\ensuremath{\mathrm{G}}}$ at $22\usk\milli\second$ after merger, and afterwards it stagnates. $B_{90}$ is of the same order of magnitude at all angles from the equator up to the conical structure, and then it drops rapidly in the funnel. In particular, near the axis the field is very weak (less than $3\times 10^{11}\usk{\ensuremath{\mathrm{G}}}$ at $12\usk\milli\second$ after merger) and further drops by a factor of ${\approx}2$ at the end of the simulation. ![Distribution of the magnetic field with respect to the $\theta$-coordinate, for model `IF_q10_UU` at various times after merger. Top: histogram of magnetic energy employing bins regularly spaced in $\cos(\theta)$, where $\theta=0$ is the z-axis and $\theta=90\degree$ the equator. The plot is normalized to the total magnetic energy $35\usk\milli\second$ after merger. Bottom: field strength $B_{90}$ defined as the value for which 90% of the magnetic energy (inside a given $\cos(\theta)$ bin) is contained in regions with field strength below $B_{90}$.[]{data-label="fig:hist_evol_IF_UU"}]({{hist_evol_IF_UU}}){width="0.95\columnwidth"} Comparison with
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380, 806, 1386, 2722, 253, 12087, 273, 634, 1892, 4446, 15, 733, 778, 417, 320, 13318, 7899, 13, 533, 368, 476, 2997, 352, 347, 2167, 352, 497, 15, 380, 1892, 4446, 275, 436, 1650, 310, 1160, 273, 4567, 4021, 14, 21773, 26588, 1336, 342, 581, 1481, 327, 1016, 1930, 313, 31330, 417, 2032, 481, 5815, 499, 2569, 556, 721, 1797, 2786, 695, 11411, 15, 329, 495, 14, 6967, 3540, 313, 783, 1072, 3540, 327, 512, 22916, 10, 310, 1925, 247, 16657, 15, 5815, 3540, 310, 4272, 715, 9654, 19465, 15, 5815, 8776, 4428, 23414, 11061, 273, 941, 15, 3813, 253, 2972, 1979, 275, 253, 10883, 2829, 310, 6705, 9851, 475, 9654, 19465, 475, 23414, 11061, 2827, 1051, 2154, 1356, 407, 27277, 15, 313, 5035, 380, 806, 1386, 2722, 253, 12087, 273, 634, 1892, 4446, 15, 733, 778, 417, 320, 13318, 7899, 13, 533, 368, 476, 2997, 352, 347, 2167, 352, 497, 15, 380, 1892, 4446, 275, 436, 1650, 310, 1160, 273, 4567, 4021, 14, 21773, 26588, 1336, 342, 581, 1481, 327, 1016, 1930, 313, 31330, 417, 2032, 481, 5815, 499, 2569, 556, 721, 1797, 2786, 695, 11411, 15, 329, 495, 14, 6967, 3540, 313, 783, 1072, 3540, 327, 512, 22916, 10, 310, 1925, 247, 16657, 15, 5815, 3540, 310, 4272, 715, 9654, 19465, 15, 5815, 8776, 4428, 23414, 11061, 273, 941, 15, 3813, 253, 2972, 1979, 275, 253, 10883, 2829, 310, 6705, 9851, 475, 9654, 19465, 475, 23414 ]	will have suffered the most, given their infrastructures would be too weak to withstand the power of a category 5 cyclone," said Suva resident Alice Clements, a spokeswoman for UNICEF in the Pacific. "Families may have lost their homes and crops, therefore leaving them without shelter, food and a livelihood." Although not hit directly, the capital, Suva, endured damaging gale-force winds, heavy rain and power outages. Clements, who was in Suva when the storm struck, said the city experienced "destructive, howling winds, and the sound of rivets lifting from roofs a constant throughout the night." More than 1,200 people were in evacuation centers around the country, the disaster management ministry said. The Colonial War Memorial Hospital in Suva suffered extensive water damage, and the roof of a local hospital was blown off in the northwestern town of Ba, said Sune Gudnitz, head of the U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs regional office for the Pacific. Widespread flash flooding and coastal inundation -- flooding in normally dry land -- "is likely as storm surges may push the sea inland several hundred meters," the Red Cross said. The western city of Nadi, on Fiji's main island, suffered minor wind damage but experienced extensive flooding, CNN affiliate TVNZ reported Fiji, an archipelago collectively about the size of New Jersey, lies in the South Pacific Ocean some 1,800 miles from Australia's east coast. (By comparison, Hawaii is about 2,500 miles from Los Angeles.) Most of the nation's 900,000 residents live on one of two main islands: Viti Levu or Vanua Levu.Breuil-le-Vert Breuil-le-Vert is a commune in the Oise department in northern France Population See also Communes of the Oise department References INSEE Category:Communes of OiseNotícias em Português 24 members - Público - Observador - Diário Económico - RTP Notícias - Agência Lusa Admin: Notícias de Publicações Portuguesas:- Público- Observador- Diário Económico- RTP Notícias- Agência LusaAdmin: @tiaaaagoo If you have Telegram, you can view and join Notícias em Português right away.Please log in Register now for free First Name * Last Name * Email * A valid e-mail address. All e-mails from the system will be sent to this address. The e-mail address is not made public and will only be used if you wish to receive a new password or wish to receive certain news or notifications by e-mail. Rereading the Fossil Record: The Growth of Paleobiology as an Evolutionary Discipline Most palaeontologists now take it for granted that our subject has significant things to say about the nature of evolutionary change; uniquely, we have the time dimension. Yet the fossil record is undeniably incomplete, and until quite recently, a prevailing view - among population geneticists, for example - was that palaeontologists had little to offer. As the evolutionary biologist John Maynard Smith put it, they should "go away and find another fossil, and not bother the grown-ups". Not so many biologists hold such views now. There is a good reason for it, almost entirely due to the labours of a small but exceptionally vigorous group of US palaeontologists for some 15 years during the 1970s and 1980s. The whole concept of palaeontology changed dramatically, and a separate discipline, palaeobiology, was born, with its own journal: Paleobiology. Palaeontology may, or may not, have a seat at the "high table" of evolutionary biology (if there is such a thing). But this group did an extraordinary job of trying to get there. This splendid book tells a fascinating tale; here we find the gentlemanly Norman Newell, the young tigers Niles Eldredge and Stephen Jay Gould, the brilliant, prickly Tom Schopf, the innovative David Raup, the late Jack Sepkoski (father of the author), Steven Stanley, James Valentine and many other extraordinary personalities. We read of their insights, interactions, disagreements, quarrels, personal lives and contributions. Sadly, not a few died before their time. The critical figure among them was the late Gould, but they all needed each other, despite quarrelling. So what were the basic concepts of palaeobiology? Effectively, it made palaeontology less descriptive and more theoretical, invoked computer modelling and quantitative analysis of the fossil record, brought in biological evolutionary concepts and emphasised the evolutionary implications of the fossil record. None of this would have been possible without new technology; namely, modern high-speed computers. A critical question was whether the patterns of change seen in the fossil record are real. Eldredge and Gould proposed "punctuated equilibria" in 1972 - in other words, rather than even and slow transformation of populations, there was rapid origin of new types, in small populations, followed by longer periods of stasis. On the other hand, Schopf was convinced that most evolutionary change was stochastic - largely random, uninfluenced by external causes. His computer-generated "spindle" models closely matched patterns seen in nature, and he never abandoned this idea. Gould, meanwhile, believed (rightly in my view) in determinism by natural selection. Raup generated computer models of coiled mollusc shells, of which only a fraction of possible forms are used in nature. Extinctions came to be seen as highly important drivers of evolution, resetting the scenario each time. By the 1980s, five major mass extinctions had been recognised, with causes identified. Jack Sepkoski's ideas of three successive "evolutionary faunas", originating, evolving and becoming extinct together, gained wide acceptance. So did Stanley's concept that evolution above the species level was decoupled from species selection. Other ideas, such as a 26-million-year periodicity in extinctions, flourished briefly before dying. Our perspective on the fossil record and its value for evolution changed immensely as a result of this work. Palaeontology is now much more biological, although still firmly rooted in the fossil record. We recognise that evolution is hierarchical, with genes, organisms, populations, species and genera representing different levels, and these are (or may be) operating independently. The new synthesis is not anti-Darwinian, as has been claimed. Rather, to quote David Sepkoski: "Modern evolution theory is remarkable for the continuing validity of Darwin's original insights, and also for its adaptability." That is the take-home message, and it is absolutely true. Rereading the Fossil Record: The Growth of Paleobiology as an Evolutionary Discipline5. Partitioning with fdisk This section shows you how to actually partition your hard drive with the fdisk utility. Linux allows only 4 primary partitions. You can have a much larger number of logical partitions by sub-dividing one of the primary partitions. Only one of the primary partitions can be sub-divided. Examples: Four primary partitions (see Section 5.2) Mixed primary and logical partitions (see Section 5.3) 5.1. fdisk usage fdisk is started by typing (as root) fdisk device at the command prompt. device might be something like /dev/hda or /dev/sda (see Section 2.1.1). The basic fdisk commands you need are: p print the partition table n create a new partition d delete a partition q quit without saving changes w write the new partition table and exit Changes you make to the partition table do not take effect until you issue the write (w) command. Here is a sample partition table: Disk /dev/hdb: 64 heads, 63 sectors, 621 cylinders Units = cylinders of 4032 * 512 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/hdb1 * 1 184 370912+ 83 Linux /dev/hdb2 185 368 370944 83 Linux /dev/hdb3 369 552 370944 83 Linux /dev/hdb4 553 621 139104 82 Linux swap The first line shows the geometry of your hard drive. It may not be physically accurate, but you can accept it as though it were. The hard drive in this example is made of 32 double-sided platters with one head on each side (probably not true). Each platter has 621 concentric tracks. A 3-dimensional track (the same track on all disks) is called a cylinder. Each track is divided into 63 sectors. Each sector contains 512 bytes of data. Therefore the block size in the partition table is 64 heads * 63 sectors * 512 bytes er...divided by 1024. (See The first line shows the geometry of your hard drive. It may not be physically accurate, but you can accept it as though it were. The hard drive in this example is made of 32 double-sided platters with one head on each side (probably not true). Each platter has 621 concentric tracks. A 3-dimensional track (the same track on all disks) is called a cylinder. Each track is divided into 63 sectors. Each sector contains 512 bytes of data. Therefore the block size in the partition table is 64 heads * 63 sectors * 512
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The Polonization of Vilnius proceeded through the influx of Polish elements and assimilation of non-Polish burghers. It started in the late 14th century with the arrival of Polish clergy, followed by artisans and merchants; they migrated in larger numbers after the Polish court of Sigismund August moved to the city. Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth After the Union of Lublin (1569) that created the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the city flourished further in part due to the establishment of Vilnius University by Stephen Báthory, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania in 1579. The university soon developed into one of the most important scientific and cultural centers of the region and the most notable scientific center of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Political, economic and social life was in full swing there. This is among all proven by the Lithuanian Statutes issued in the 16th century, the last of which was still in force until the 19th century. In 1610 the city was racked by a large fire. In 1769 the Rasos Cemetery was founded; today it is one of the oldest surviving cemeteries in the city. Rapidly developing, the city was open to migrants from both East and West. In addition to old citizens, larger Jewish, Orthodox and German communities established themselves in the city. Each group made its contribution to the life of the city, and crafts, trade and science prospered. In the 17th century, Polish and polonized elements achieved a cultural and likely numerical preponderance. In 1655 during the Russo-Polish War in 1654–1667 Vilnius was captured by the forces of Tsardom of Russia and was pillaged, burned and the population was massacred. The death toll of around 20,000 included a large proportion of Vilnius Jews. The city's growth lost its momentum for many years, yet the number of inhabitants recovered. During the decline of the Commonwealth, Vilnius became known as "Jerusalem of the North" - a major religio-cultural center of Eastern European Jewry. Russian Empire After the Third Partition of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1795, Vilnius was annexed by the Russian Empire and became the capital of Vilna Governorate, a part of the Northwestern Krai. In order to allow the city to expand, between 1799–1805 period, the city walls were pulled down, only the Dawn Gate (also known as Aušros vartai, Medininkų vartai or Ostra Brama, Вострая Брама) remained. In 1803 Alexander I re-established the Polish-language University. In 1812 the city was seized by Napoleon on his push towards Moscow. After the failure of the campaign, the Grande Armée retreated to the area where 80,000 of French soldiers died and were buried in the trenches they had built months earlier. After the November Uprising the Vilnius University was closed and repressions halted the further development of the city. Civil unrest in 1861 was suppressed by the Imperial Russian Army. During the January Uprising in 1863 heavy city fights occurred, but were brutally pacified by Mikhail Muravyov, nicknamed The Hanger by the population because of the number of executions he organized. After the uprising, Polish language was banned from public use. The Latin alphabet was prohibited in 1859 (Belarusian language) and in 1865 (Lithuanian language) - the ban was lifted in 1904. During the second half of 19th and the beginning of 20th century Vilnius also became one of the centers of Jewish, Polish, Lithuanian and Belarusian national rebirths. According to the 1897 Russian census, by mother tongue, 40% of the population was Jewish, 31% Polish, 20% Russian, 4.2% Belarusian and 2.1% Lithuanian. Jewish culture and population was so dominant that some Jewish national revival leaders argued for a new Jewish state to be founded in a Vilnius region, with a city as its capital. These national revivals happened in Vilnius because it was one of the most tolerant, progressive and liberal places in a region, legacy of the tolerance deriving from the years of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. One of the most important Polish, Belarusian poets and writers published their works in Vilnius at that time. It was the place where the first short-lived Belarusian weekly Naša Niva was founded. Vilnius became an important place of act of the Lithuanian national revival on 4–5 December 1905, when the Great Seimas of Vilnius was held in the Palace of the present-day National Philharmonics, with over 2000 delegates from all regions of Lithuania as well as emigrees. It was decided to make a demand to establish an autonomous ethnic Lithuanian state within the Russian Empire with its parliament (Seimas) in Vilnius. Cultural life was revived after the 1905 Russian Revolution. Society of Friends of Science in Wilno was created in 1906 in order to practice science and literature in Polish language. The Emilia and Eustachy Wróblewski Library, the center of Polish culture, was established in 1912, around that time also Polish theater was revived. Polish cultural life was still repressed despite its revival. In 1907 bishop Eduard von der Ropp was expelled from Vilnius to Vitebsk. Interwar period Polish-Lithuanian conflict During World War I, Vilnius was occupied by Germany from 1915 until 1918. Still under German occupation, Council of Lithuania proclaimed the Act of Independence of Lithuania in Vilnius on 16 February 1918. Act proclaimed restoration of the independent state of Lithuania with Vilnius as its capital. The German civilian administration of the Ober-Ost declined to pass full authority to Lithuania, which was not controlled by the Germans any more. Instead, the Germans tried to control the area by means of promoting conflicts between local nationalities as it became clear that the German plan for creation of Mitteleuropa, a net of satellite buffer states, failed. Finally, on 1 January 1919, the German garrison withdrew and passed the authority over the city to a local Polish committee, against the pleas of the Lithuanian administration. A Polish administration started to be formed. Former members of the local Polish Self-Defence formations, now formally enlisted into the Polish Army, took over the posts while the Lithuanians withdrew along with the Germans. On 5 January 1919 the city was taken by Bolshevik forces advancing from the east. Vilnius was proclaimed the capital of the Lithuanian–Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. For the next 4 months the city became a communist experiment in governance. During the course of that conflict, on 19 April 1919 the city was again seized by Poland (Vilna offensive), this time by forces of the regular Polish Army. A year later, on 14 July 1920, it was lost to Soviet forces again (this time, the Soviets were aided by Lithuanians, who were promised Vilnius). Shortly after the defeat in the Battle of Warsaw in 1920, the withdrawing Red Army handed the city over to Lithuania, in accordance with the Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty of 12 July 1920. The treaty allowed for the transfer to Lithuanian authority of some part of the areas of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Although the city itself, as well as its surroundings were actually transferred, the fast pace of the Polish offensive prevented additional territories to be handed over by the Red Army and the disputed area was split into Lithuanian and Polish-controlled parts. Many historians argue that the main reason behind the Soviet agreement with Lithuania was to weaken Poland and hand the disputed territories to a weaker state, which Lithuania was at the time, in order to reconquer the area more easily after the retreat of the Red Army had halted. Also, the independence of the Baltic States was seen by Lenin as temporary. However, after the Battle of the Niemen River the Red Army was again defeated and Bolshevik Russia was forced to abandon her plans for reincorporation of all the lands lost by the Russian Empire in the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. As Russia ceased to be a major player in the area, Polish-Lithuanian relations worsened. In demographic terms Vilnius was one of the most Polonized and Russified of Lithuanian cities during 1795-1914 Russian rule, with Lithuanians constituting a mere fraction of the total population: 2% - 2,6% according to Russian (1897), German (1916) and Polish (1919) censuses. The latter two indicated that 50,1% or 56,2% of the inhabitants were Poles, while the Jewish share in the population amounted to 43,5% or 36,1% (they were conducted after large part of the inhabitants of Vilnius were evacuated to Russia, mostly Voronezh because of war in 1915). The Lithuanians nonetheless have strong historical claim to the city (former capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the very center of the formation of medieval Lithuanian state) and refused to recognize any Polish claims to the city and the surrounding area. Lithuanian national activists, for example: Mykolas Biržiška and Petras Klimas, supposed Poles and Belarusians in the Vilnius province to be "Slavicized Lithuanians" who, regardless of their individual preferences,
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1270, 36456, 432, 18223, 706, 375, 953, 285, 247, 30231, 4352, 407, 16286, 14943, 285, 1694, 253, 3330, 326, 4934, 731, 46908, 15030, 275, 253, 9728 ]	"We've just got to go and play and give it our best shot," she said. But Whittaker-Kahan is enjoying her first varsity season and loves her Northampton kids. It's gratifying to see star players like Sally and Nazareth's Michelle Danish -- to name two -- come back to the sport and contribute to its well-being like they have. I also learned today that veteran Dieruff coach Bob Linn has been hospitalized and been away from his team for a couple of weeks. I give Bob credit for coming back to the sport and giving it all he has with the Huskies in a situation that has always been well, bleak, to say the least. I wish Bob a speedy and full recovery from his health woes. To get you set for Sunday's big replay and so you can perhaps make a better then-and-now comparison, RCN4 is showing the original 1993 Thanksgiving Day game between Easton and Phillipsburg at these times: The thing about softball and all spring sports is that not only are you battling opponents, but you battle the elements. You never know what kind of weather you're going to get. The other day felt like winter and the next four are going to feel like the heart of summer. So teams must be able to adjust and play in all kinds of weather. Nobody likes the frigid temps, but I am not sure the kids like upper 80s either. Speaking of hot stuff, there's a great danger when you write a column before games are played the same day. When I wrote my softball column on Thursday afternoon, I noted Northwestern as one of the hot teams because they had won five straight. But later in the same day, they lost to Palisades, 10-0. So guess who looks bad? Ah well, I'm used to it. Anyway, here we go with our weekly league rankings. Can't believe the regular season ends two weeks from today: LVC 1. Whitehall ... Still not sold on their offense. 2. Parkland ... Trojans are playing like a team mad about losing to Whitehall. 3. Northampton... No one deserves accolades more than Alex MacLean. 4. Nazareth... Can't wait to check out this freshman pitcher named Faust. Notice that my top four are all from the same division. 5. Liberty ... Rich Giering a coach of the year candidate? 6 . Freedom ... Kirby White keeps them in every game. 7. Becahi ... Needed that 16-hit explosion against Emmaus. 8. Easton... Still have a shot at the district playoffs. Notice my next four are all from the same division. 9. Allen ... Where's the offense? 10. Emmaus ... Young players are in the pipeline. 11. CCHS ... What can you say? 12. Dieruff... Ditto. COLONIAL LEAGUE 1. Pen Argyl ...Loss to Northern Lehigh might have been the best thing that could have happened to Green Knights. 2. Palisades: Looks like Krista Marrone is healthy again. 3. Saucon Valley ... Garrity with three-hit shutout of Bangor. 4. Southern Lehigh ... Weiss has really improved in the circle. 5. Northern Lehigh ... Still not quite sure what to think of the Bulldogs other than they are a lock to win their West Division. 6. Northwestern.... Hvae to shake off the lopsided loss to Palisades. 7. Catasauqua... Another mystery team that shows flashes and then fizzles. This just was sent to me today by John Eyer, so I couldn't get it into my softball column. Next week, I hope. But here's the info for getting involved with this year's Lehigh Valley Carpenter Cup team. Remember, our squad finished second in 2007 and won it last year as well as in 2006. Lehigh Valley Softball Carpenter Cup Showcase Press Release 24 April, 2009 From:John Eyer Emmaus High School Softball 331 N. 2nd St., Emmaus. Pa. 18049 (610) 965-2481 H (610) 774-5045 W (610) 390-5463 C E-mail: [email protected] Press Release This years Carpenter Cup is set for Monday June 22nd, Tuesday 23rd, with the Semi-finals on Wednesday the 24th and Finals on Thursday the 25th of June.Rain dates are June 29th and 30th. Over the four years the Carpenter Cup has been played the Lehigh Valley Team has enjoyed much success.Finishing 1st in 2006 and Second in 2007 and winning it again in 2008.We again look forward to the same success.Tryouts are open to juniors and sophomores/freshman.Please contact your High School Coach for additional information. Tryouts will be held on Sunday, May 24th at the Emmaus High School field (near the football stadium) in Emmaus for pitchers/catchers and outfielders.For infielders tryouts will be on Sunday, May 31st at Emmaus High School and on Sunday, June 7th for all participants at the Emmaus High School field.All tryouts will be held from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. Interested players must be responsible enough to attend tryouts at the correct times on the correct days. Here in Philly for the Phillies-Brewers game tonight, but I've got the news that Northampton senior softball pitcher Alex MacLean won her 46th game today, a 1-0 victory over Allen. That gives her the school record for wins. Congrats to Alex, who lost her father two years ago right after her sophomore season ended, but she continues to make him proud every day. The Bucknell-bound MacLean is a special young lady. Congrats. If you read my column about her in January, you know how I feel about Patti Heffner. To me, she's the "First Lady" of girls basketball in the Lehigh Valley, and may very well be the only person to have won state titles at three different schools -- two as a player at Dieruff and one each as a head coach at Catasauqua and Parkland. So, it is with sadness that I report that she has resigned from her position as girls basketball coach at Parkland High School. She turned in her resignation on Wednesday and team members were notified of her decision. Her resignation will be taken to the next school board meeting on Tuesday night where it will be acted on and made official. Heffner, 50, had to take a leave of absence during the middle of the 2008-09 season when she fell ill and was diagnosed with brain tumors. She has been undergoing treatment ever since. Her friend and longtime assistant coach Ed Neidermeyer took over the team in her absence. "It's a very emotional time right now," said Parkland principal Rich Sniscak, who brought Heffner to Parkland when he was the school's athletic director. "It's hard to find the words. It wasn't easy talking to the girls. We'll have more to say after the school board meeting next week. We accept her resignation with regret." Heffner had earlier tendered her resignation, but was talked out of it by Sniscak. However, it became clear that Heffner needs all of her energy to continue to fight for a full recovery. She is not one to do things less than 100 percent and she would have wanted to be involved in the entire offseason program if her health had allowed. Heffner, who was a Hall of Fame player at Rutgers and an assistant at Lafayette, coached at Parkland for nine seasons. She went 174-75, including this past year's 14-10 season. The highlight was the 2006 4A state championship, which capped a 31-3 season. Heffner's team also won the Lehigh Valley Conference title in 2006, and took district titles in 2005 and '07. Over three seasons from 2004-07 her teams were a combined 87-10. Prior to her arrival at Parkland, the girls program had gone seven consecutive seasons with a losing record. Heffner previously coached at Catty for 11 years, going 204-92 and winning the 1988 District 11 and PIAA 2A titles. I was supposed to cover Northampton at Allen softball on Tuesday, but as so often is the case during the spring, you have to adjust on the fly. When word came in that the K-Kids and Chicks were postponed by poor field conditions caused by Monday's heavy rain, I made a couple of quick calls and found out Whitehall and Freedom were still playing. Turns out, I caught a good one. Kirby White and Cat Klobosits hooked up in a classic pitcher's duel and for a 1-0 score this was a game with a fair amount of action. The Zephs tagged out two runners at the plate, got great pitching from Klobosits and a clutch hit by Morgan Kelly and got the win that kept them unbeaten in the league
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387, 14, 9846, 16, 22275, 318, 552, 2180, 8332, 275, 253, 4857, 15, 50276, 49153, 273, 824, 34126, 7946, 14237, 310, 417, 32588, 15, 50276, 23135, 13, 39623, 5493, 434, 1750, 323 ]	establish a two-year contract for employment. As a result, it fails to satisfy the statute of frauds. Therefore, Thurston could not bring an action for breach of the two-year contract. Ariz.Rev.Stat.Ann. § 44-101. Conclusion 18 At best, Thurston could have argued that he had a contract for at-will employment. Under that contract, he would have been considered fired on the same day he was hired, and he could have recovered one month's salary. However, Thurston brought an action for breach of a "two-year employment contract," seeking recovery for two-years' salary and benefits. He adamantly argued against an at-will contract. Thus, in the end, Thurston is hoisted with his own petard, and he recovers nothing. We affirm summary judgment in favor of Citizens.1 II Motion for a New Trial 19 In his motion for a new trial, Thurston raised a new theory of recovery, arguing that even if the oral representations involved "essential terms" of the contract, they could be added by reformation. The district court denied the motion. A motion for a new trial is not intended to provide an opportunity for disappointed litigants to argue, post-judgment, what they could have argued during the pendency of a motion for summary judgment. Frederick S. Wyle, P.C. v. Texaco, Inc., 764 F.2d 604, 609 (9th Cir.1985). Here, Thurston's argument for reformation evolved from the same facts and the same contractual dispute. There was neither new evidence nor a change in the law that warranted reconsideration. Accordingly, Thurston could have raised his reformation claim in the summary judgment proceedings, and he was simply using the motion for a new trial to further his shotgun approach to recover contract damages. 20 The motion for a new trial was not brought under circumstances in which a motion for a new trial is appropriate, and the district court properly refused to consider the reformation theory. We affirm the denial of the motion for a new trial. III Motion to Amend the Judgment 21 In the district court's order granting summary judgment in favor of Citizens, a line on the last page stated, "At the most, plaintiff is entitled to the amounts defendant offered in the offer of judgment on January 2, 1992." The judgment, which followed a day later, stated that it granted "Defendant's motion for summary judgment; Plaintiff take [sic] nothing." 22 Thurston made a motion to amend the judgment to reflect his recovery of one month's salary as damages. The district court denied this motion. The district court explained its statement in the summary judgment order, stating that: 23 [I]f the parties could agree that the parties had entered into a contract, the contract was limited to the terms contained in the letter. The court did not hold that the parties entered into a contract, or that plaintiff is entitled to thirty days pay. 24 The court also noted that Citizens had made an offer of judgment on January 2, 1992, for thirty days pay, but that Thurston had not accepted it. 25 The denial of the motion to amend is consistent with the substance of the district court's order, which held that Thurston's contract claim failed because the contract did not satisfy the statute of frauds. The dicta in the district court's order about one month's salary meant that, in the best case scenario and if Thurston had conceded that he had only an at-will contract, the most he would have recovered would have been one month's salary. Thurston claimed that he had a two-year contract, not an at-will contract, so he recovered nothing. The district court did not abuse its discretion in denying the motion to amend the judgment. IV Attorney's Fees 26 In February 1995, in the same order denying Thurston's motion to reopen and to amend the judgment, the district court awarded attorney's fees to Citizens in the amount of $43,421. Under Arizona law, "[i]n any contested action arising out of a contract, express or implied, the court may award the successful party reasonable attorney's fees." Ariz.Rev.Stat.Ann. § 12-341.01. The factors to be considered by the court are: 27 (1) The merits of the claim or defense presented by the unsuccessful party. 28 (2) The litigation could have been avoided or settled and the successful party's efforts were completely superfluous in achieving the result. 29 (3) Assessing fees against the unsuccessful party would cause an extreme hardship. 30 (4) The successful party did not prevail with respect to all of the relief sought. 31 (5) The novelty of the legal question presented, and whether such claim or defense had previously been adjudicated in this jurisdiction. 32 (6) Whether the award in any particular case would discourage other parties with tenable claims or defenses from litigating or defending legitimate contract issues for fear of incurring liability for substantial amounts of attorneys' fees. 33 Ariz.Rev.Stat.Ann. § 12-341.01. 34 The district court analyzed the relevant factors as follows. As to the merits of Thurston's claim, the court found that Thurston had a "tenable" claim. As to the second factor, the court found that Citizens had tried to settle a few times and that a substantial portion of the fees could have been avoided if Thurston had agreed to settle. On the third factor, although Thurston argued that he would be devastated by an award of attorneys' fees, the court found that other evidence indicated that he had substantial income and had received a generous severance package from Citizens. The court emphasized that Thurston "took the risk of litigation," and that he had not accepted the offer of judgment at an earlier date. The court also acknowledged that Citizens is a large utility company, on which the impact of paying attorney's fees would be less severe. As to the fourth factor, the court noted that Citizens had prevailed entirely. As to the sixth factor, whether an award of attorneys' fees would discourage meritorious litigation, it concluded that this case did not involve parties with unequal bargaining power and that a fee award would not discourage meritorious litigation. Then, after weighing the factors, the district court concluded that Citizens should be awarded reasonable attorneys' fees. 35 We review the award of attorneys' fees for an abuse of discretion. As set forth above, it is clear that the court considered the relevant factors. In fact, the district court was generous in categorizing as "tenable" Thurston's claim that a two-year contract had been formed. The potentially inequitable economic impact of a fee award, where an individual would be required to pay a large corporation's attorneys' fees, is the factor that weighs most heavily in Thurston's favor. The district court, however, considered Thurston's ability to pay and found that he would be able to do so. While $43,421 is a large amount, it was Thurston who perpetuated the litigation, refusing to settle and continuing his efforts for an unrealistic $200,000 recovery. See Mullins v. Southern Pac. Trans. Co., 851 P.2d 839, 842 (Ariz.Ct.App.1992) (rejecting "novel approach" that an employee, if the unsuccessful party, should not be required to pay attorneys' fees, while an employer, if unsuccessful, should always pay fees). 36 We conclude that the district court considered the relevant factors in awarding attorneys' fees, and did not abuse its discretion. V Attorneys' Fees on Appeal 37 Under Arizona law, a successful party may recover its attorneys' fees on appeal in cases arising out of contract. Ariz.Rev.Stat.Ann. § 12-341.01; Wagenseller v. Scottsdale Memorial Hosp., 710 P.2d 1025, 1046-50 (1980). An award of attorneys' fees on appeal is completely discretionary, and we decline to award appellate attorneys' fees. CONCLUSION 38 We affirm the district court's grant of summary judgment in favor of Citizens, its denial of the motions for a new trial and to amend the judgment, and its award of Citizens' attorneys' fees below. We decline to award attorneys' fees on appeal. 39 AFFIRMED. * The Honorable B. Lynn Winmill, United States District Judge for the District of Idaho, sitting by designation ** This disposition is not appropriate for publication and may not be cited to or by the courts of this circuit except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3 1 Had Thurston not failed on statute of frauds grounds, his claim for breach of a two-year contract would have failed based on the parol evidence rule. The parol evidence rule strictly excludes outside evidence that varies or contradicts the written agreement. Taylor v. State Farm Mutual Auto Ins. Co., 854 P.2d 1134, 1137 (Ariz.1993). Here, the parol evidence offered by Thurston--i.e., Avery's oral representations made during the phone conversation--extinguished the meaning of the express at-will/probationary period provision in the letter. Evidence of such contradictory oral representations is not permissible. Accordingly, Thurston's claim for
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2289, 281, 37078, 625, 1491, 13, 285, 352, 2748, 281, 6909, 5861, 273, 275, 14, 68, 461, 1197, 8923, 285, 5615, 44848, 1128, 15617, 273, 534, 5593, 452, 2959, 1329, 432, 253, 3778, 5286, 15, 1707, 403, 5675, 7871, 326, 253, 6757, 310, 417, 816, 6520, 272, 697, 747, 13370, 13, 533, 556, 4783, 44355, 15, 496, 14289, 3815, 13, 2556, 281, 9610, 407, 1294, 15689 ]	or the JIC Report responded to any of my requests for an interview, so I could not confirm the site’s authorship, but it seems safe to assume that Crane oversees it. Almost every one of the main headlines on the site is an attack on Homan: “Official Who Released Criminal Aliens into US for Obama Now Directing ICE”; “Immigration and Border Agency Execs Used Security Details Without Legal Authority”; “Immigration Whistleblower: US Taxpayers Spending Millions on Personal Cars For ICE Managers.” Much of the site’s main page includes information that Crane sent to Trump in his November letter (which is also covered on the site). “ICE has been unleashed. They no longer feel constrained because they won’t be admonished for conducting a raid or racially profiling people,” Professor Hing said. “Trump pardoned [Arizona’s former Maricopa County sheriff] Joe Arpaio, who perpetually racially profiled people. That sends ICE a message that what they’re doing is OK.” Along with the so-called silent raids, another emerging trend under the Trump administration is the apparent targeting of outspoken immigrant rights advocates. Among the first such activists to be detained were New Sanctuary Coalition of New York City cofounders Jean Montrevil and Ravi Ragbir, both apprehended in January. Montrevil was almost immediately deported to Haiti; Ragbir’s deportation has been stayed because of continuing legal proceedings. Jani Cauthen, Montrevil’s former partner and the mother of his children, told me she is certain that Montrevil was being surveilled and that he was targeted for being an immigrant rights activist. “They took him on his lunch break. His job required him to transport people all morning and all afternoon, but they got him during his one-hour window off,” Cauthen said. “They deported him less than two weeks after they detained him, even though he had a pending case with the [Board of Immigration Appeals]. They had no intention of letting him follow through with his case… He didn’t even get to say goodbye to his children; they just snatched him away.” Other leading figures who have been detained include Alejandra Pablos, a Virginia-based activist involved in immigrant rights and reproductive justice, and the Memphis-based journalist Manuel Duran. Between ICE’s arrests and deportation lies detention. As ICE’s budget requests show, managing detention facilities is a very large, and growing, part of the agency’s operations. ICE has contracts with private prison companies like CoreCivic (formerly Corrections Corporation of America) and the GEO Group. Both companies contributed large sums of money to pro-Trump Super PACs and have experienced tremendous booms in business since Trump took office. Both companies are also notorious for their human rights abuses and startling lack of medical care for detained people and training for staff, resulting in a dire and worsening record of in-custody deaths. “There are horrible and egregious things happening in detention,” Mary Small said. “This isn’t just about the budget or medical care or the abuse of solitary confinement, it’s the way abuse is handled, including sexual assault.” In November, the Salvadoran asylum-seeker Laura Monterrosa released an open letter detailing the abuse she said she had experienced from a CoreCivic guard at the T. Don Hutto detention center in Taylor, Texas. The letter alleged repeated sexual assaults by a female guard over a four-month period. Shortly after Monterrosa went public, more women came forward with allegations of abuse by guards. Speaking through an interpreter, Monterrosa told Rewire.News that sexual abuse was “very widespread” at the detention center. Hutto has a long history of such problems. In 2007, a CoreCivic guard was accused of sexually assaulting a woman “while her son was sleeping in his crib inside the cell,” according to Courthouse News. In 2010, another CoreCivic guard was charged with sexually assaulting eight women whom he was transporting. The problem goes far beyond Hutto; it can be found wherever ICE is. A recent report by The Intercept found that of the 1,224 complaints filed with DHS’s Office of Inspector General between 2010 and 2017, half of those accused worked for ICE and most of the complaints related to sexual abuse and harassment. When Monterrosa made it clear to ICE officials that she wanted to press charges against her abuser, ICE and the Williamson County Sheriff’s Office, which has jurisdiction over Hutto, failed to act. After an internal investigation, ICE reported on November 22 that it found Monterrosa’s allegations to be “unsubstantiated,” and the agency continued employing the guard accused of assault. (Monterrosa only learned of this when I spoke to her; ICE itself neglected to inform her of its ruling in her case.) In December, the FBI took over the investigation, but Monterrosa’s ordeal in detention continued. Her mental health declined, as she still regularly encountered her accused abuser in the detention center. She requested to speak to a psychologist multiple times, she told me. When she eventually got an appointment, she shared with the clinician that she was hearing voices and felt as though there was someone always next to her, talking to her. The psychologist, Monterrosa said, advised her not to share this information with ICE or other officials because if they knew, they would send her to a “mental hospital,” which would “damage” her immigration case. Monterrosa also told me a Hutto guard had said to her that unless she recanted her sexual assault allegations, she would be placed in solitary confinement “indefinitely,” which was one of her greatest fears. In January, after being placed in solitary, Monterrosa attempted suicide. Monterrosa’s attorney fought to get her a psychological evaluation from an outside doctor. Finally, two months later, Monterrosa was released from Hutto. She might have been another ICE casualty if not for her courage, the work of Grassroots Leadership organizer Claudia Muñoz, who led Monterrosa’s deportation defense campaign, and a letter to DHS signed by more than forty-five congressional representatives calling for an investigation into sexual abuse allegations at detention centers in Texas. Muñoz told me that under the Trump administration, fewer and fewer advocacy groups are organizing defense campaigns for individuals facing deportation. Many smaller, grassroots organizations, overwhelmed and lacking resources, have increasingly found such efforts fruitless. Nationwide, there have been a few instances in which community pressure resulted in an undocumented immigrant being released on bond or because she had a legal remedy. Even in such cases, those people leave detention with “no paperwork,” Muñoz said. This means that once they leave ICE custody, there is no relief for them; they’re simply left waiting for their next court date. Monterrosa, at least, received a one-page document that granted her deferred action for one year. Muñoz doesn’t see Monterrosa as an extraordinary case, but rather a reminder of what can be done when a community is organized and is willing to adjust its strategy. “Laura’s case proves that this is still work worth doing. This was a big lesson for us and it can be a lesson for others,” Muñoz said. “As community, we have to organize and move the right pieces, putting pressure on elected officials to use the power they have to look into deportation cases.” “Everything that happened to me was happening to other women, too,” Monterrosa said, “and they don’t want to accept what is happening inside because if they do, it will ruin their business. But Immigration is trying to cover the sun with one finger. The truth will come out.” * For undocumented immigrants, resistance in the time of Trump can simply mean waking each day and continuing to reside in the US despite the administration’s efforts to make the country as inhospitable as possible for people like them. Often under duress, immigrant communities are necessarily resilient—and that is only truer than ever under the Trump administration. The people affected by ICE’s new zealotry, together with their advocates and allies, are fighting back against the anti-immigrant policies and rhetoric, both on the streets and in courtrooms. Often, they have achieved important wins that helped stop Trump’s mass deportations. But the targeting of women like Laura Monterrosa and Minerva García have a chilling effect in immigrant communities. When there are large enforcement operations or new threats from the Trump administration, the children of undocumented parents stop going to school. Undocumented domestic violence victims stop reporting their abuse. Undocumented parents become afraid to access nutritional programs to feed their children. When members of undocumented families are disappeared into the detention system, those on the outside, fearing they are next, may be forced to live in the shadows. Undocumented immigrants who experience or witness a crime also stop going to the police. (The cooperation that local police forces get from immigrant communities is one of the main reasons municipal leaders have championed the idea of sanctuary cities, though many sanctuary cities offer little more than statements of solidarity.) More stories of ICE’s growing powers and abuses continue to emerge. This includes ICE’s push to become an intelligence agency, which would grant the agency unprecedented access to vastly more information, and it request to destroy records of in-custody deaths and sexual assaults—both of which measures have received support from the Trump administration. There are growing signs that the agency is not just flexing its new muscles, but has gone rogue. In Philadelphia alone, according to reporting by ProPublic
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416, 5942, 9145, 275, 24523, 13, 11011, 327, 5080, 898, 13, 9169, 13, 253, 1388, 846, 253, 6273, 2335, 1659, 275, 253, 11596, 4214, 29686, 15, 14310, 383, 3668, 1690, 9678, 13, 1783, 13, 2136, 13, 8588, 285, 625, 432, 253, 25038, 7138, 273, 3290, 3668, 275, 11011, 15, 495, 2558, 13, 285, 322, 2966, 401, 860, 249, 327, 3307, 15, 32952, 253, 6487, 708, 7850, 23910, 380, 46557, 15, 4416, 15630, 13, 9169, 25271, 11596, 29686, 2552, 4744, 247, 7088, 6865, 281, 40745, 17241, 457, 84, 19760 ]	-wing nationalist party garners the most votes Feb 10, 2020 · Why the 2020 Irish election has changed the rules and what it means for the UK \| ITV News - Duration: 2:27. For the third General Election in a row, Ipsos published the most accurate pre-election polls. But looking at first preferences (where we have them) and tallies (where we dont) I think this is a better election for FF than people are saying. Sinn Fein, the party historically linked to the Irish Republican Army, bested centrist parties Fianna Fail and Fine Gael. Ireland is set for what could be months of coalition negotiations and quite possibly another election before the year is out. Its only recently that there has been a big increase 26 Feb 2016 Irish General Elections Results. 'Question of the border of partition of Irish unity and independence is right at the centre of Irish politics and will soon be in British politics too' – George Galloway's take on Irish election Assembly Election 2017 . Well that became even more possible now that all the votes have been counted. ) Varadkar's great misfortune was that with Feb 10, 2020 · An exchange-traded fund that tracks shares of Irish companies declined on Monday morning after general election results perceived as less investor-friendly. Current projections give Fianna Fáil around 42, with Sinn Féin 14 Feb 2020 What does Sinn Fein's surprisingly strong victory in Irish elections mean for Ireland? Ian Bremmer breaks it down. Although the Feb 09, 2020 · Ireland's three largest parties are neck and neck following the general election, an exit poll has suggested. GE2020 Irish General Election 2020 - Rolling thread The outcome of a historic General Election is on a knife edge as the three main political parties look to be There will be an Irish General Election on Saturday 8th Feb. I call: FF 46+1 (bonus for the Ceann Comhairle) FG 37 SF… Irish government stumbles as post-Brexit election looms. 46am EST. Sick of the Media Hype Two weeks ago, I was happily sailing on a huge cruise ship in the Indian Ocean. 3% and Fianna Fail on 22. Sinn Fein were at 25 per cent, ahead of However, in its election manifesto, Fianna Fail said it would lead a formal study and cross-community consultation that would set out how an Irish government should approach the handling of a Feb 11, 2020 · The weekend’s Irish election delivered one of the first electoral bombshells of the year, with the surging left-wing party Sinn Féin now angling to form a coalition government. com-- this post authored by Niall McCarthy. New political forces, agendas and voices are now set to be part of the next Irish government. And a strongly pro-EU Irish public will not want to see the Ireland-EU relationship jeopardised. This is one of the best Irish election produces an earthquake as Sinn Fein tops poll. A general election would be held on Friday 26 February 2016. Duncan Smith, who contested the 2019 Dublin Fingal by-election for Labour. Irish general election to be held on 8 February . Updated 5:42 am EST, Tuesday, February 11, 2020 The latest breaking local and international news and sport stories as they happen, with up to the minute updates and analysis Sinn Fein on Monday said it wanted a major role in Ireland's next government after a record election showing, a move that would raise its central goal of reunification with Northern Ireland near 5 Seats Available Tipperary Garret Ahearn Party Fine Gael Constituency Tipperary Occupation Mayor of Clonmel Age 40 Martin Browne Party Sinn Féin Constituency Tipperary Occupation Unemployed Dolores Cahill Party Irish Freedom Party Constituency Tipperary Jackie Cahill Party Editor's note: An earlier version of Reagan's column was truncated. Irish stocks dropped Monday after the general election delivered a strong showing for a left-wing party that campaigned on an increased state role in the economy. Read up on the Irish election here. Feb 09, 2020 · Irish election count begins as tied exit poll means it's too close to call . The former president of the Irish Road Haulage Association was a household Settlement-boycotting parties win big in Irish election One of those three parties was Sinn Féin, the political arm of the former Irish Republican Army, which has long held anti-Israel positions. 9 Feb 2020 Ireland's nationalist Sinn Féin party won a historic victory in the country's national election on Saturday. Higgins on 3 February, at the request of Taoiseach Enda Kenny. Sinn Féin — the Irish nationalist party that seeks reunification of the Republic of Ireland with DUBLIN — Voters in Ireland returned no clear winner in Saturday’s election, exit polls indicated. REUTERS Feb 10, 2020 · Sinn Féin, historically known for its links to the Irish Republican Army (IRA), has won 29 seats in Ireland's general election. It campaigned on domestic issues, but 10 Feb 2020 This chart shows Sinn Féin's share of the vote in Irish general elections. Feb 10, 2020 · Irish Election Results And Analysis: 3 Big Takeways On Sinn Fein's Surge The party's impressive election showing outpaced the country's two major parties and forced a political reckoning. Jan 29, 2020 · Bishop Says Upcoming Irish Election Must Address Social-Justice Issues Statement by Bishop Alan McGuckian SJ, Chairman of Council for Justice and Peace of Irish Catholic Bishops’ Conference. Read More: Irish general election called for February 8. This meant one of the longest Dálaí would be followed by one of the shortest election campaigns. Opinion Republican party Sinn Fein have surged into first place with just days until Ireland goes to the polls in a general election, according to a new survey. The iShares MSCI Ireland ETF EIRL, -0 Its difficult to call the irish election without having seen where SF transfers go. 2% in what has been CORK, Ireland — Once considered a political pariah, Ireland’s left-wing Sinn Féin party is threatening to overtake Prime Minister Leo Varadkar's Fine Gael in polls ahead of a February 8 election. The left-wing party 14 Feb 2020 The results of last week's general election have delivered one of the biggest shocks to the political system in a century. The Irish flag flouts the wind as it flies at half staff over the General 10 Feb 2020 Why left-wing nationalist party Sinn Féin topped the popular vote in the Irish election. R. Leo Varadkar has offered his resignation after attempts to elect a new taoiseach (Irish prime minister) in the Dáil (Irish Parliament) ended without agreement. The Irish Times online. Ties Soars in Irish Election. posted on 12 February 2020. 4 percent, Fianna Fáil on 22. Since that election took place on 24th May 2019, I have estimated that 46 of the successful candidates in these elections (4. The world, looking in on Ireland to decipher the political winds across Europe, is misinterpreting this election, however. Bank of Ireland braced for weeks of political uncertainty Monday after an earth-shaking election that saw the Irish Republican Army-linked party Sinn Fein — long shunned by its bigger rivals — take Left-wing Irish nationalists Sinn Fein demanded on Sunday to be part of the next government after exit polls suggested a snap election had left them tied with the country’s traditional ruling Jan 28, 2020 · Tags: 2020 General Election, carlow-kilkenny, Irish Freedom Party, Melissa O'Neill A Leaflet from Melissa O’Neill running for The Irish Freedom Party in Carlow Kilkenny in the 2020 General Election. Now, what do they mean? That is the first question to be asked in the wake of this Irish election and, as is so often the case, not all the answers to it are elementary and some of them are contradictory. Jan 15, 2020 · Yesterday, the Irish government announced that there will be a General Election on Saturday, February 8. Irish Left Set to Win General Election, But Still Shut Out of Governing? February 7, 2020. Ireland’s benchmark ISEQ All An exit poll after the Irish national election on Saturday night showed the three main parties with an almost identical share of the vote. Please think about making a donation towards the running costs of ElectionsIreland. Bloomberg \| Quint is a multiplatform Jan 28, 2020 · In its election manifesto, Sinn Fein said it wanted to establish a parliamentary committee and citizens assembly to plan for Irish unity and seek to secure a referendum within five years. 5% – making it the most popular party and a strong contender to be included in the next government Feb 10, 2020 · Sinn Féin won the most first-preference votes in Saturday’s Irish general election, delivering a shock to the country’s political landscape after decades of domination by the centrist rivals Election 2020 news, analysis, comment, results and constituency profiles from The Irish Times. 2009 Local Elections 2004 Local Elections 1999 Local Elections 1991 Local Elections 1985 Local Elections 1979 Local Elections 1974 Local… The count gets under way at the Dublin City count centre in the RDS centre in Dublin, Ireland on February 9, 2020, the day after the vote took place in the Irish General Election. Latest news including sport, analysis, business, weather and more from the definitive brand of quality news in Ireland. 3 percent, and Sinn Féin on 22. Bloomberg the Company & Its Products The Quint. Feb 09, 2020 · Irish Election May Mark a Good Time to Exit Country’s Bond
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These tract homes would displace a smaller original settlement built into the dunes called Carville, which was so named for squatters that lived in abandoned horsecars (horse-drawn trolleys) and cable cars that were dumped in the sand dunes. Development increased by the 1930s, as the Sunset was built and developed into a streetcar suburb. The post–World War II baby boom in the 1950s saw the last of the sand dunes leveled down and replaced with more single- and multifamily homes. In these developments, built mostly by Henry Doelger, entire blocks consist mainly of houses of the same general character, differentiated by variations in their stucco facades and mirrored floorplans, with most built upon lots with no free space between houses. Later, Oliver Rousseau built more individualistic homes in the district. Historically, the Sunset's demographics were consisted mostly of European Americans, specifically Irish and Italian. Beginning in the late 1960s the neighborhood saw a steady influx of Asian (mostly Chinese) immigrants following the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 which lifted racial quotas allowing for more non-European nationals to immigrate to the United States. Additionally, the Handover of Hong Kong motivated many Chinese to immigrate to the U.S. due to the political and economic uncertainties. Today, the vast majority of the neighborhood's population is Asian, with Chinese as the dominant ethnic group. There are still some small Irish enclaves however. Sub-neighborhoods For most of its history, the Sunset existed as a large individual area. In recent years, the neighborhood has been popularly divided into three parts with sometimes vague borders. Inner Sunset The Inner Sunset is bordered by Lincoln Way to the north, 2nd Ave to the east, Quintara Street to the south, and 19th Avenue to the west. This far-east section of the Sunset is located just west of Mount Sutro. The main commercial area is along Irving Street from 5th Avenue to 12th Avenue, and along 9th Avenue from Lincoln Way to Judah Street, much of which is dotted with a variety of restaurants and shops. The Inner Sunset hosts a variety of local businesses, including restaurants, bars, breweries, book stores, bakeries, coffee shops, ice cream parlors, clothes and shoe stores, a tattoo parlor, and a wine bar. All these establishments are clustered around the intersection of 9th Avenue and Irving Street. Food offered by the restaurants located in the Inner Sunset includes pizza, Mexican, Thai, Persian, Korean, Malaysian, Hawaiian, Greek, Ethiopian, Pakistani, Cajun/Creole, Dim Sum, Turkish, Peruvian, Chinese, Vietnamese, California Cuisine, Mediterranean, Indian, Japanese, Vegetarian. Central Sunset The Central Sunset is bounded by Lincoln Way to the north, 19th Avenue to the east, Quintara Street to the south, and Sunset Boulevard to the west. This area is mostly residential with cookie-cutter homes and large lots and a commercial strip along Irving Street from 19th Avenue to 24th Avenue and on Noriega Street from 19th Avenue to 27th Avenue and 30th Avenue to 33rd Avenue. Features of the area include the massive Sunset Reservoir (which takes up eight square blocks between Ortega and Quintara streets and 24th and 28th avenues), which has a small park surrounding its outer rim; Golden Gate Park; the Sunset Recreation Center; and Abraham Lincoln High School. Outer Sunset The Outer Sunset is bordered by Lincoln Way to the north, Sunset Boulevard (between 36th and 37th avenues) to the east, Sloat Boulevard to the south, and Ocean Beach to the west. The primary commercial avenues are Judah, Noriega, and Taraval. The Outer Sunset is the foggiest section in San Francisco due to its close proximity to Ocean Beach. The area's main attractions include the San Francisco Zoo, Golden Gate Park, Ocean Beach, and Lake Merced. Attractions and characteristics The western part of the Sunset borders the cold northern California Pacific Ocean coastline, so it tends to get much of the fog San Francisco is famous for. The Sunset can be foggy and chilly for some days during summer. The Sunset's finest weather is usually from August through December, when regional air patterns transition from onshore to offshore weather and the area is free of fog. Sand carried by Pacific Ocean winds can be found on roadways and driveways within the first five to ten blocks east of Ocean Beach. The Sunset District contains several large park and recreation areas. The San Francisco Zoo is located in the southwestern corner of the neighborhood by Lake Merced, the largest lake within San Francisco. Also within the Lake Merced area are several golf courses: the private Olympic Club and San Francisco Golf Club, and the public TPC Harding Park. Across from Lake Merced is Fort Funston, an old coastal battery, now part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. Fort Funston notably has some of the last remnants of the sand dune ecosystem that once covered the entire Sunset District. There is a year-round, Sunday morning farmers' market which is located at 1315 8th Avenue (the parking lot between 8th and 9th Avenues). The market is operated by the Pacific Coast Farmers' Market Association and is sponsored by the Inner Sunset Park Neighbors. The Inner Sunset Farmers' Market offers California-grown produce, fish, eggs, and meat, as well as local food vendors and artisans. Stern Grove, a heavily wooded park and amphitheater located on Sloat Boulevard between 19th and 34th avenues, is known for its annual summer festival. Three parks lie on the far east border of the district: the northernmost is Grand View Park (also referred to as Turtle Hill) a small, elevated park surrounded by 14th and 15th Avenues, as well as Noriega Street; moving south, next is Golden Gate Heights Park, just east of 14th Avenue north of Quintara; and Hawk Hill Park, also east of 14th Avenue at Santiago. These natural areas belong to a remnant ridge-top system and include some of the last-remaining sand-dune communities in the city. Education The San Francisco Unified School District operates public K–12 schools. Educational institutions include the Parnassus campus and medical center of the University of California, San Francisco, located in Inner Sunset; the main campus of San Francisco State University, located in the southwestern corner of the neighborhood across from Lake Merced; Abraham Lincoln High School, located in the center of the Sunset District; St. Ignatius College Preparatory (a private, coeducational school operating in San Francisco since 1855) located since 1969 adjacent to Sunset Boulevard; and Lowell High School, the oldest public high school west of the Mississippi and one of the top performing ones in the United States. Beach culture The strip near the Pacific Ocean has a notable population of surfers who take advantage of the sometimes excellent surf conditions of Ocean Beach. Because of the cold Pacific current that brings ocean water from Alaska, it is usually necessary to wear a wetsuit when surfing at Ocean Beach. Several surf shops can be found near the beach in the Outer Sunset. Several playgrounds are located in the Sunset, including Sunset Playground and Recreation Center, Blue Boat Playground, West Sunset, McCoppin Square, and South Sunset. Current issues The current efforts to develop a comprehensive plan for this section of San Francisco is the Ocean Beach Master Plan (OBMP). The OBMP is an interagency effort to develop a long-term vision for Ocean Beach that will address numerous issues. Climate Like much of the coast of Northern California, Sunset district has a cool summer mediterranean climate, albeit with an unusual annual temperature distribution. The warmest days of the year occur in October and then the coldest nights of the year occur just two months later in December. Its climate is strongly influenced by the Pacific Ocean and therefore has even cooler summers and milder winters than downtown San Francisco. Rainfall follows a seasonal pattern with plentiful precipitation in the winter (almost all of this falling as rain) and extremely dry summers. References Further reading External links Articles related to the Sunset District at FoundSF.org http://outsidelands.org/sunset.php Information from the Western Neighborhoods Project Sunset Neighborhood Beacon Center, youth and family community center Category:Neighborhoods in San Francisco Category:History of San Francisco Category:Chinatowns in the United States Category:Chinese-American culture in San Francisco Category:Populated coastal places in CaliforniaBest answer chosen by InMotion Hosting staff Thanks for posting your question. I'm happy to assist you today. You don't have to worry about deleting a question. Simply log into the support center and mark the question as resolved. If you need further assistance please feel free to contact us.#!/usr/bin/make -f # Copyright (c) TurnKey GNU/Linux - http://www.turnkeylinux.org # # This file is part of Fab # # Fab is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it # under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
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432, 22680, 275, 8956, 342, 253, 3310, 2426, 15, 187, 38421, 1375, 326, 347, 253, 3522, 323, 253, 28028, 8, 4143, 425, 1096, 13, 30756, 574, 417, 5196, 247, 12611, 1873, 15981, 275, 9008, 323, 253, 4143, 13, 285, 594, 40225, 13, 5675, 20138, 13, 5196, 253, 15981, 5972, 13, 342, 253, 8385, 273, 473, 8, 35, 26558, 15, 1284, 597, 3407, 281, 2278, 253, 5268, 4367, 323, 1016, 273, 253, 1083, 15071, 13, 40225 ]	The facts as presented here are construed accordingly, and they are limited to this motion. I. Henderson's Early History at YAP Henderson was hired by YAP on May 14, 1990, as a Case Manager, by Pahigian with the approval of Weissman and O'Boyle. As one of the first three case managers hired to effectuate the Alternatives to Incarceration contract between the City and State of New York and what was then NCIA, Henderson was involved in establishing the duties and responsibilities of a case manager. Henderson's duties included supervision and management of approximately eight YAP clients. Specifically, his responsibilities included conducting intake and background investigations, developing alternative-to-detention plans to submit to the courts, advocating to the courts for the release of clients from detention into the Program, supporting the children and their families through direct community-based contact and interaction, and regularly submitting progress reports to the courts and other appropriate individuals. On April 11, 1991, Henderson received his first performance review. He received a grade of "outstanding", the highest available, in eight of the ten categories in which he was rated, one "high" grade, and one "normal" grade. Based upon this performance review, Henderson received a pay raise. In October 1991, Pahigian promoted Henderson to the position of Senior Case Manager, with an accompanying pay raise, and that promotion was approved by O'Boyle and Weissman. In addition to his case management duties, Henderson became responsible for assisting in the supervision of three case managers, including providing them with guidance in their casework with clients. On October 15, 1992, Henderson received another performance review. He received exclusively "outstanding" grades and received high praise. Indeed, throughout his tenure as Case Manager and Senior Case Manager, Defendants aver that Henderson was considered by Pahigian, O'Boyle, and Weissman to be an excellent and valued employee. In April 1993, Pahigian resigned, and, as part of YAP's restructuring, Henderson was promoted at the behest of Pahigian and with the efforts of Weissman and O'Boyle on July 1, 1993, to the newly created position of Director of Case Management Services ("DCMS"). As the first person to fill this new position, Henderson was involved in establishing the duties and responsibilities of the DCMS. His duties included direct supervisory responsibility and training of all case management staff, consisting of one Senior Case Manager and five case managers. Henderson had exclusive authority over case management decisions and bore responsibility for maintenance of all client files and records. Because of these additional supervisory responsibilities, Henderson carried a reduced caseload of four clients during his tenure as DCMS. Among his accomplishments during his tenure was to increase significantly the number of referrals to YAP, a goal in light of the fact that the Project had failed to meet its contractual goals during the previous fiscal year. Just before Henderson assumed the position of DCMS, following Pahigian's resignation in April, YAP operated until August 20, 1993, without a Project Director until Wong filled the vacancy. During this time, Henderson was the highest-ranking case management employee at YAP and had extensive latitude and autonomy. 695 II. The Automobile Incident Defendants allege that the relationship between Wong and Henderson began on poor footing, and that almost instantly upon taking over YAP, Wong experienced resistance from Henderson in accepting her supervision and authority. Their first exchange, besides mere pleasantries, consisted of an encounter in which Henderson objected to and challenged Wong's enforcement of a YAP policy on employee use of automobiles leased by the Project. Henderson asserts that the nature of this interaction was professional, not personally antagonistic. The details of the interaction are as follows. Case managers were allowed to use leased cars available to YAP as needed, provided use had been approved by either the Project Director or the Assistant Project Director. Because there was no Project Director at the time a memorandum was issued regarding this policy, Henderson, as DCMS, was allowed to approve the case managers' use of the cars. Several days after Wong began as Project Director at YAP, she issued a memorandum reiterating that only she or the Assistant Project Director could approve case managers' use of cars. Henderson's access to the cars remained unchanged, but he did confront Wong after learning of her memorandum, dismayed at the fact that she had made the change without first consulting with him. Defendants assert that this confrontation began a strained relationship between Henderson and Wong, marked by Henderson's refusal to adapt to Wong's different approach to management of YAP and to her tempering of his previous authority and control. Henderson states that the situation was relatively cordial once the misunderstanding had been worked out, and that there were no lingering bad feelings between him and Wong. III. The Crossroads Incident On October 15, 1993, Henderson overheard a Crossroads client, Simone, an African-American woman who was engaged in cleaning a bathroom at the YAP offices on the CCA premises, complaining that she had been compelled by the Crossroad program to do that work. Crossroads had only recently required its clients to clean the YAP bathrooms, and Simone informed Henderson of that fact. Also recently, Darrel, an African-American man, had been replaced as CCA's maintenance worker by John Clohessy ("Clohessy"), a white man. Henderson was dismayed upon learning of Crossroads' new policy. He asserts that there were two sources of his dismay. First, Henderson states, he believed that the practice of compelling Crossroads clients to clean CCA bathrooms was discriminatory and akin to slavery, because the Crossroads clients were exclusively black and Latino, because the new cleaning policy had been implemented at the same time that Clohessy had replaced Darrel, and because Clohessy had been hired to supervise the Crossroads clients, though Darrel had cleaned the CCA bathrooms without assistance. Second, Henderson states, he was bothered by the appearances presented by the Crossroads policy, believing them antithetical to the philosophy of CCA. Henderson asked Simone to stop cleaning the YAP bathrooms and advised her that he would speak to someone about the new requirement. When Bloomfield learned that day of Henderson's actions, he asked O'Boyle to call a meeting among the three of them. Bloomfield argued to O'Boyle that it was improper and potentially damaging from a treatment perspective for Henderson to undermine the authority of the Crossroads treatment team by giving any instructions directly to Crossroads clients. Bloomfield told O'Boyle that Henderson should have raised any concerns or objections with Bloomfield or another Crossroad employee. O'Boyle asked Henderson to come to her office, and Bloomfield reiterated his objections to Henderson's behavior. Henderson expressed his objection to the new cleaning policy as discriminatory, degrading to the clients, and contrary to the goals of CCA. Henderson further stated that he believed an improper appearance was presented by having the Crossroads clients cleaning, because of the stereotypes associated with that work, and in light of the fact that all of the Crossroads clients were all black or Latino. Bloomfield emphasized that all Crossroads 696 clients were required to undertake various responsibilities in order to instill a sense of ownership of the community as part of the Crossroads treatment program, and that this was a widespread therapeutic philosophy in other, similar treatment communities. Bloomfield stressed that the client responsibilities program had been instituted by Donna Harris, the Crossroads Director of Treatment, who is black. Henderson alleges that at the meeting, Bloomfield suggested that Henderson himself was a racist because Henderson had objected to the policy only because all of the Crossroads clients were members of minority groups and that Henderson would not have reacted to their cleaning the YAP bathrooms had they been white. Henderson also alleges that during the meeting, O'Boyle defended the policy in part because she claimed the Crossroads clients enjoyed cleaning. After the meeting, Crossroads no longer required its clients to clean the bathrooms on the YAP side of the CCA facility. Henderson states that this change in policy constituted a compromise to which O'Boyle and Bloomfield reluctantly agreed. Defendants state that they believed that Henderson had raised a valid point regarding the possibility of misinterpretation of the client responsibilities by those unfamiliar with the concept of rehabilitative treatment, and they thus decided to discontinue cleaning on the YAP side of the CCA facility, while continuing it on the Crossroads side. Subsequent to this meeting, Bloomfield and O'Boyle never discussed the issue again with Henderson. Defendants assert that neither Bloomfield nor O'Boyle discussed the incident with Wong prior to Henderson's discharge, believing the situation to be resolved. Henderson asserts that the incident became the focus of substantial discussion among Bloomfield, O'Boyle, Weissman, and the Crossroads staff over the next several weeks, and that his actions were cast in a negative light in the course of those discussions. IV. The File Review Because YAP contracts with the City of New York, the Project is subject to periodic site visits from City contractors monitoring YAP's compliance with the terms of the contract. The City monitors were scheduled to conduct a site visit of YAP on October 26, 1993. These site visits had occurred regularly during Pahigian's tenure as Project Director, but the October 26, 1993, visit was to be the first following Wong's employment as Project Director. Typically during these site visits, monitors conducted an audit of the case management files to assure that the clients were being adequately supervised upon release from detention in accordance with the contract terms. Defendants state that as the date for the monitors' visit neared, Henderson had not conducted a preliminary file inspection in preparation for the visit, and so Wong, growing anxious, conducted the inspection herself, with the assistance of O'Boyle. As they began to review the client files for each of the case managers, Wong
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I thought he would be begging me for another chance, but instead I hardly hear from him anymore! This doesn’t make any sense. Why is he being like this? He must want me back, right? I mean, why wouldn’t he? I’m so beautiful. Surely, he knows that he won’t be able to find another woman like me. So, why isn’t he chasing after me? What’s going on here?” As a result, a woman like that will stop playing hard to get when her ex contacts her, or she will contact him and try to get something going between them again. For example: She might send him a text saying something along the lines of, “Hey, I’ve missed you. Why don’t you give me a call sometime? We’re not enemies now you know? It’s okay to say hi.” Alternatively, she might wait to hear from him and when he does contact her, she will say hi, be friendly and then suggest that they catch up and say hi. So, limited contact can work in cases like that, but there’s no real guarantee with that approach. The most guaranteed approach that you can use is to actively make your ex have sexual and romantic feelings for you again, based on how you interact with her. You can do that with limited contact, but just don’t waste time ‘playing it cool’ or acting like a friend. Make use of the contact that you have with her to get sparks flying between you and her again. That’s what gets the job done quicker and easier with a woman. Another possible reaction from a narcissist ex girlfriend to limited contact is… 3. She replies to her ex’s limited contact, but moves on with another guy at the same time For a narcissist, it’s all about her. As long as she is getting what she wants, she doesn’t care what happens to other people. So, if a guy is using limited contact with a narcissist ex girlfriend as a way of getting her back (e.g. he sends her an occasional text or social media message, clicks like on a few of her posts), she may string him along by responding to him from time to time. Then, while he’s happily thinking things like, “Cool! At least she’s replying to me. Maybe that’s a sign that she still has some feelings for me and that she hasn’t been moving on. Maybe if I keep this up for a while longer, she will eventually realize that she misses me and we can then work on getting our relationship back together again. I’ve just got to play it cool and stick with limited contact,” she uses the time apart to find herself a new guy. As a result, she feels great about herself the whole time, knowing that she has two men who want her, adore her and are available to her, without giving a second thought to how that makes her ex (or her new man) feel. Here’s the thing though… If your ex girlfriend truly is a narcissist, then she’s only going to do what feels good to her (even if it means keeping you around for her amusement while she moves on with another guy). That may sound cruel, but that’s the way many narcissists are. Another possible reaction from a narcissist ex girlfriend is… 4. She misinterprets your texts as meaning that you’re still totally in love with her If a woman is a narcissist, then she might see your limited contact as meaning that you’re still in love with her and are hoping to get her back by ‘playing it cool.’ So, rather than think, “Why isn’t he calling me all the time? Could it be possible that he’s moving on? He only texts me every now and then. Maybe he’s over me!” she will likely be thinking something like, “He’s trying to play it cool, but I can see that he’s still totally into me. He just can’t accept that we’re broken up and he’s probably just sitting around at home pining for me. That’s so sad. He’s such a loser now. I’m too good for him anyway. I should go out this weekend and meet some new guys. Why am I even thinking about him? He’s not good enough for me.” That line of thinking allows her to feel good about herself, as she continues to move on without him. A Better Approach to Getting a Narcissist Ex Girlfriend Back If you want to get your narcissist ex girlfriend back for real, try this approach instead: 1. Don’t worry about what she may or may not think. Just do what will work on her Whether a woman is a narcissist or not, the same principles of attraction and seduce apply to getting her back. You need to get her feeling attracted to you again, so she naturally wants to be with you and begins to feel as though she will regret it if she doesn’t give you another chance. So, from now on, stop thinking things like, “If I contact her right away, she might think I’m desperate. She might then reject me to make herself feel good” or, “She always thinks about herself, so maybe if I use limited contact, it will shock her into wanting me back because she will hate that I’m not chasing after her.” Instead, just do what works to get a woman back. Start by attracting her on a phone call and then meet up with her in person to attract her and seduce her. Get to a kiss, sex and open the door back up to a relationship between you and her. Here’s the thing… Using limited contact can work on a woman who is still in love with her ex guy, or a woman who is struggling to find a replacement guy. However, if a woman isn’t in love with her ex anymore, or is easily able to move on without him by hooking up with a new guy, she will usually do that, regardless of whether he is using limited contact or no contact. So, what you need to do is interact with your ex, re-attract her, seduce her and get her back, rather than playing long, drawn out games with limited contact or no contact. Another thing you can do to get your narcissist ex girlfriend back is… 2. Use her narcissism to your advantage If your ex girlfriend thinks the world revolves around her and that whatever she says and does matters the most, then rather than trying to change her, just use her beliefs to make her want you again. How? Let her think that she has the power prior to meeting up with you, but then take back power when you interact with her in person. For example: Imagine that you’re on a call with your ex with the intention of getting a meet up with her. After using some humor to ease the tension between you and her and to reawaken some of her feelings for you, you can say something along the lines of, “Anyway, so we should catch up to say hi sometime this week to say hello as friends. I’m busy on Tuesday and Thursday, but I’m free on Monday and Wednesday. Which one of those two days suits you best?” She might then play hard to get and try to test how much power she has over you, by responding with something like, “I don’t think that’s a good idea” or, “What makes you think I want to see you again?” You can then laugh and say, “Of course I don’t think that. We’d just be catching up as friends. Anyway, if we catch up and you then decide that you hate being there or never want to talk to me ever again, you can leave any time you want. It will be up to you. You can call the shots. If you don’t ever want to talk to me again after then, I’ll give you my word that I won’t ever contact you again. So, which day suits you best, Monday or Wednesday? It’s your call.” She will then likely agree to meet up with you, because she feels as though she has the power. By the way… Did you notice that even though you’re making out as though she is the one in control (i.e. by saying she’s the one who is calling the shots), you’re actually the one in control (i.e. by making her chose a day that suits you)? Just by doing that, she instinctively starts feeling some respect and attraction for you (i.e. for being masculine, confident), even though she might not realize it. Then, when you meet up with her and she tries to get the upper hand over you by saying something like, “Look, I’m only giving you 5 minutes and then I’m walking out, okay? Make this quick. I nearly didn’t come today. So, say what you want to say and then I’m going to go,” you can take the power back by showing her that her fake drama is not getting to you. You can see the funny side of how she’s behaving by laughing and saying something along the lines of, “Oh, stop being such a drama queen! Take a seat,
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271, 6485, 5370, 15, 187, 187, 6872, 10071, 1119, 1905, 275, 253, 3000, 273, 581, 5370, 382, 1905, 773, 66, 2581, 35247, 24492, 668, 327, 253, 4310, 457, 84, 629, 670, 253, 2687, 457, 84, 1966, 9099, 15, 1621, 581, 3260, 849, 1142, 952, 651, 320, 258, 15172, 13, 285, 627, 369, 1652, 9008, 13, 390, 1014, 2130, 2659, 13, 323, 501, 3592, 1981 ]	it harder for them to make their living on the coast. Residents of Tragadi Bandar claim in a lawsuit filed April 23 in U.S. federal court in Washington, D.C., that warm water discharged by the Tata plant has driven fish away from the intertidal zone, where the Waghers used to practice pagadiya, a traditional method of setting up nets and harvesting the fish at low tide. The returns from boat fishing, which takes place farther from shore, have also fallen off. “You see this produce here?” says Jam, sweeping his arm across a view of his bandar, one of several fishing settlements along the gulf. Burlap bags stuffed with dried Bombay duck sit on the sand waiting for market. “We used to get this much business in one day. Now it takes 15.” Yunus Suleman Gadh and other fisherfolk on Kutadi Bandar discuss how the Tata plant has harmed both their livelihoods and their health. Sami Siva / International Consortium of Investigative Journalists Jam and his neighbors are among the uncounted: people the World Bank Group and its borrowers have ignored in their push to create dams, power plants and other projects. The global institution’s two main lenders — the World Bank, which lends to governments, and the International Finance Corporation, which lends to corporations such as Tata — have repeatedly failed to make sure people harmed by big projects get counted, an investigation by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists has found. Both lenders have detailed policies that require that their borrowers identify people whose homes or land will be lost or livelihoods will be damaged as a result of the projects they finance. When “project-affected people” are identified, borrowers must resettle them into new homes or help restore their livelihoods. But if people don’t get counted, they’re unlikely to get help from the lenders and their borrowers in putting their lives back together. In some cases, the IFC and the World Bank have declined to count entire populations that claim they’ve been harmed by projects backed by the lenders. In Kenya and Ethiopia, indigenous groups claim that World Bank cash bankrolled mass evictions that targeted them for threats, violence or arbitrary arrests. The World Bank denies its money was used for these evictions. What Is The World Bank? The World Bank Group is the globe’s most prestigious development lender, bankrolling hundreds of government projects each year in pursuit of its high-minded mission: to combat the scourge of poverty by backing new transit systems, power plants, dams and other projects it believes will help boost the fortunes of poor people. Read more » World Bank Group IBRD IDA IFC International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, one of the two lending arms traditionally considered to be the World Bank International Development Association, one of the two lending arms traditionally considered to be the World Bank International Finance Corporation, the World Bank’s private-lending arm Typically lends to middle-income governments, also some creditworthy low-income countries Typically lends to low-income governments Typically lends to private firms in developing (low- to middle-income) countries Founded in 1944 Founded in 1960 Founded in 1956 FY 2014 commitments $18.6 billion FY 2014 commitments $22.2 billion FY 2014 commitments $17.3 billionn Lends at market rate Guarantees loans Lends at low interest rate Lends at market rate Guarantees loans Invests in private companies 1. IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, one of the two lending arms traditionally considered to be the World Bank Typically lends to middle-income governments, also some creditworthy low-income countries Founded in 1944 FY 2014 commitments $18.6 billion Lends at market rate Guarantees loans 2. IDA International Development Association, one of the two lending arms traditionally considered to be the World Bank Typically lends to low-income governments Founded in 1960 FY 2014 commitments $22.2 billion Lends at low interest rate 3. IFC International Finance Corporation, the World Bank's private lending arm Typically lends to private firms in developing (low- to middle-income) countries Founded in 1956 FY 2014 commitments $17.3 billion Lends at market rate Guarantees loans Invests in private companies World Bank Annual Report Sources: Congressional Research Service In other cases, the World Bank has acknowledged that large numbers of people would be harmed by development initiatives, but allowed its borrowers to underestimate the real number. A 2012 internal review of nine World Bank-supported projects found that the number of affected people turned out to be, on average, 32 percent higher than the figure reported by the bank before approving the initiatives, understating the number of people affected by the nine projects by 77,500. This echoed a broader internal review in 1994, which looked at 192 projects and found that the real number of affected people averaged 47 percent higher than previously estimated. In March, a World Bank spokesman acknowledged that the bank-financed Nam Theun 2 dam in Laos has physically displaced or economically affected more than 75,000 villagers — a 50 percent increase over the 50,000 figure that the bank had reported before it approved the project in 2005. Independent researchers who have studied the project estimate that the number of people who have been harmed by the dam’s construction is larger than even bank’s updated number — reaching as high as 130,000 to 150,000. Bruce Shoemaker, a researcher on natural resources issues who worked on the independent review, says villagers downstream from the dam have suffered a drop in wild fish catches, excessive flooding of their rice fields and other impacts on their livelihoods. The failure by World Bank and Laotian officials to recognize the dam’s full effects on people above and below the dam means that the compensation offered to farmers and fisherfolk “didn’t come close to making up for their losses,” Shoemaker says. World Bank officials say they disagree with the larger estimate reached by Shoemaker and his co-researchers. “We are always willing to consider independent studies that focus on our projects,” David Theis, a bank spokesman, said in a written statement. “In this case, our extensive and detailed research and analysis has yielded different facts, which we stand by.” The bank says most people affected by Nam Theun 2 are better off than they were before, with surveys showing many families having more savings and assets and fewer underweight children. The bank says the increase in the numbers of people identified as being affected by the dam came because the project’s managers used a broader definition of affected households. In other cases, bank officials have attributed shifting numbers for people harmed by projects to later expansions in projects’ size or to population growth during projects’ long time windows. Theis said that despite the complex challenges of keeping track of people affected by development, “we are going to be extremely vigilant about our work in this area. When our work does involve relocation, we will do so as long as we can improve or at least restore people’s incomes and living conditions.” Wagher fishermen head into the gulf one afternoon. The water discharged by the Tata power plant is often hotter than the seawater, altering the marine ecosystem, an independent fact-finding team found. Sami Siva / International Consortium of Investigative Journalists Early Warning The problem of undercounting resonates in the Indian state of Gujarat, the site of a mammoth debacle that was supposed to transform the World Bank’s approach to development and displacement. In 1985, the bank pledged $450 million to finance the Sardar Sarovar dam and canal, the keystone of an effort to turn the Narmada River into a series of reservoirs that would serve the state’s most drought-prone regions. The bank estimated in 1987 that 60,000 people would be affected by the project. By 2000, the World Commission on Dams, a study group co-sponsored by the World Bank, put the figure at more than 200,000. Current estimates from NGOs monitoring the project indicate more than 250,000 will be impacted by the dam, which is in now in its final stages of construction. Many of the displaced, like the Wagher fishing families, had no title to the land they occupied. World Bank policies explicitly state that residents without title still qualify for compensation and resettlement assistance. Planning for Sardar Sarovar began with an “elaborate Government pantomime of conducting studies to estimate the actual project costs and the impact it would have on people and the environment,” the famed Indian novelist and activist Arundhati Roy later wrote. “The World Bank participated wholeheartedly in the charade — occasionally it beetled its brows and raised feeble requests for more information on issues like the resettlement and rehabilitation of what it calls ‘PAPs’ — Project Affected Persons. (They help, these acronyms — they manage to mutate muscle and blood into cold statistics. PAPs soon cease to be people.) The merest of crumbs satisfied the Bank and it proceeded with the project.” Resistance was fierce. Protesters blocked roads and barred government officials from their villages. Some pledged to drown rather than leave their land. Police met Gandhi-style nonviolence with beatings and arrests. After activists launched a hunger strike, the World Bank agreed to an independent review by an expert panel. These experts found — in the words of one panelist — “a rather terrifying ignorance” on the bank’s part about the dam’s human consequences. No one knew how many people would be ousted, and there was little preparation, or even available land, for resettling
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Why did they stay and get sick? Lilith walked back to the settlement, a long crude basket filled with breadnuts on her back. She found the male and female ministering to their ooloi holding it between them and entangling its head and body tentacles with their own. Wherever the three touched, tentacles joined them. It was an intimate, vulnerable position, and other ooloi lounged nearby, guarding without seeming to guard. There were also a few humans watching. Lilith looked around the settlement, wondering how many of the humans not present would not come back from their day of wandering or food gathering. Did those who left come together on some other part of the island? Had they built a shelter? Were they building a boat? A wild thought struck her: What if they were right? What if they somehow were on Earth? What if it were possible to row a boat to freedom? What if, in spite of all she had seen and felt, this was some kind of hoax? How would it be perpetrated? _Why_ would it be perpetrated? Why would the Oankali go to so much trouble? No. She did not understand why the Oankali had done some of what they had done, but she believed the basics. The ship. The Earth, waiting to be recolonized by its people. The Oankali's price for saving the few remaining fragments of humanity. But more people were leaving the settlement. Where were they? What if—The thought would not let her alone no matter what facts she felt she knew. _What if the others were right?_ Where had the doubt come from? That evening as she brought in a load of firewood, Tate blocked her path. "Curt and Celene are gone," she said quietly. "Celene let it slip to me that they were leaving." "I'm surprised it took them so long." "I'm surprised Curt didn't brain an Oankali before he left." Nodding in agreement, Lilith stepped around her and put down her load of wood. Tate followed and again planted herself in Lilith's path. "What?" Lilith asked. "We're going too. Tonight." She kept her voice very low—though no doubt more than one Oankali heard her. "Where?" "We don't know. Either we'll find the others or we won't. We'll find something—or make something." "Just the two of you?" "Four of us. Maybe more." Lilith frowned, not knowing how to feel. She and Tate had become friends. Wherever Tate was going, she would not escape. If she did not injure herself or anyone else, she would probably be back. "Listen," Tate said, "I'm not just telling you for the hell of it. We want you to go with us." Lilith steered her away from the center of the camp. The Oankali would hear no matter what they did, but there was no need to involve other humans. "Gabe has already talked to Joe," Tate said. "We want—" "Gabe what!" "Shut up! You want to tell everyone? Joe said he'd go. Now what about you?" Lilith stared at her hostilely. "What about me?" "I need to know now. Gabe wants to leave soon." "If I leave with you, we'll leave after breakfast tomorrow morning." Tate, being Tate, said nothing. She smiled. "I didn't say I was going. All I mean is that there's no reason to sneak away in the night and step on a coral snake or something. It's pitch black out there at night." "Gabe thinks we'll have more time before they discover we're gone." "Where's his mind—and yours? Leave tonight and they'll notice you're gone by tomorrow morning—if you don't wake everyone on your way out by tripping over something or someone. Leave tomorrow morning and they won't notice you're gone until tomorrow night at dinner." She shook her head. "Not that they'll care. They haven't so far. But if you want to slip away, at least do it in a way that will give you a chance to find shelter before nightfall—or in case it rains." "When it rains," Tate said. "It always rains sooner or later. We thought... maybe once we were clear of this place, we'd cross the river, head north, keep heading north until we found a dryer, cooler climate." "If we are on Earth, Tate, considering what was done to Earth and especially to the northern hemisphere, south would be a better direction." Tate shrugged. "You don't get a vote unless you come with us." "I'll talk to Joe." "But—" "And you ought to get Gabe to help you with your acting. I haven't said a thing you and Gabe hadn't already thought of. Neither of you is stupid. And you, at least, are no good at bullshitting people." Characteristically, Tate laughed. "I used to be." She sobered. "Okay, yeah. We've pretty much worked out the best way of doing it—tomorrow morning and south and with someone who probably knows how to stay alive in this country better than anyone but the Oankali." There was a silence. "We really are on an island, you know," Lilith said. "No, I don't _know_ ," Tate answered. "But I'm willing to take your word for it. We'll have to cross the river." "And in spite of what we see on what seems to be the other side, I believe we'll find a wall over there." "In spite of the sun, the moon and the stars? In spite of the rain and the trees that have obviously been here for hundreds of years?" Lilith sighed. "Yes." "All because the Oankali said so." "And because of what I saw and felt before I Awoke you." "What the Oankali let you see and made you feel. You wouldn't believe some of the stuff Kahguyaht has made me feel." "Wouldn't I?" "I mean, you can't trust what they do to your senses!" "I knew Nikanj when it was too young to do anything to my senses without my being aware of it." Tate looked away, stared toward the river where the glint of water could still be seen. The sun—artificial or real—had not quite vanished and the river looked browner than ever. "Look," she said, "I don't mean anything by this, but I have to say it. You and Nikanj..." She let her voice die, abruptly looked at Lilith as though demanding a response. "Well?" "Well, what?" "You're closer to him—to it—than we are to Kahguyaht. You..." Lilith stared at her silently. "Hell, all I mean is, if you won't go with us, don't try to stop us." "Has anyone tried to stop anyone from leaving?" "Just don't say anything. That's all." "Maybe you are stupid," Lilith said softly. Tate looked away again and shrugged. "I promised Gabe I'd get you to promise." "Why?" "He thinks if you give your word, you'll keep it." "Otherwise, I'll run and tell, right?" "I'm beginning not to care what you do." Lilith shrugged, turned and started back toward camp. It seemed to take Tate several seconds to see that she meant it. Then she ran after Lilith, pulled her back away from the camp. "All right, I'm sorry you're insulted," Tate rasped. "Now are you going or aren't you?" "You know the breadnut tree up the bank—the big one?" "Yes?" "If we're going, we'll meet you there after breakfast tomorrow." "We won't wait long." "Okay." Lilith turned and walked back to camp. How many Oankali had heard the exchange? One? A few? All of them? No matter. Nikanj would know in minutes. So it would have time to send for Ahajas and Dichaan. It would not have to sit and go catatonic like the others. In fact, she still wondered why the others had not done it. Surely they had known that their chosen humans were leaving. Kahguyaht would know. What would it do? Something occurred to her suddenly—a memory of tribal people sending their sons out to live for a while alone in the forest or desert or whatever as a test of manhood. Boys of a certain age who had been taught how to live in the environment were sent out to prove what they had learned. Was that it? Train the humans in the basics, then let them go out on their own when they were ready? Then why the catatonic ooloi? "Lilith
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15293, 43, 14, 316, 582, 519, 25667, 64, 187, 187, 5279, 314, 21802, 281, 11377, 275, 33563, 15, 26775, 17689, 476, 671, 1599, 346, 1171, 390 ]	High blood pressure; the condition that occurs as a result of high blood pressure. _Some over-the-counter cough, cold, and allergy medicines tend to cause elevated blood pressure, and include a warning that they may be hazardous to those suffering from HYPERTENSION._ hypocrite _(HIP-uh-krit), noun_ A person pretending to be something he or she is not, or pretending, for the sake of appearance, to have high moral beliefs; a person who does not act according to espoused beliefs. _In Marilyn's view, a marriage counselor who advised others to live up to the ideal of fidelity but who cheated on his own wife was the worst kind of HYPOCRITE._ ignoble _(ig-NO-bull), adjective_ Dishonorable in nature. In contrast with ignominious (see below), ignoble carries the sense of baseness or lowness. _Peter's IGNOBLE aims were well known to all in the room._ illicit _(ih-LISS-it), adjective_ Illegal or morally unjustifiable. Illicit refers to something not sanctioned by custom or law. _We all know now that the money was acquired through ILLICIT means, don't we?_ imbecility _(im-buh-SILL-ih-tee), noun_ Foolishness; simplemindedness. _Although he lamented the IMBECILITY of mainstream television, Arnie was not above an occasional viewing of American Gladiators or Geraldo._ improvident _(ihm-PRAHV-ih-dent), adjective_ Describes someone who does not plan well for the future or one who acts without thinking. _It was cute when he was younger, but now Mike's IMPROVIDENT behavior just makes him look like a total loser._ inane _(in-ANE), adjective_ Pointless or lacking in substance. Something that is inane is vacuous. _Among other INANE suggestions, Jeff proposed painting the lunchroom in a polkadot pattern._ indict _(in-DITE), verb_ To charge formally with a crime or offense. (See, for comparison, the entry for indite.) _Rumors that Mr. Brown would soon be INDICTED for his part in the scandal swept the city._ indiscreet _(in-dih-SKREET), adjective_ Lacking good judgment and prudence; apt to run one's mouth about things that others would like left private. _Don't get alcohol near Melanie. It makes her go from prudent to INDISCREET in less than sixty seconds!_ infernal _(in-FER-nul), adjective_ Fiendish; devilish. Infernal means, literally, "of or pertaining to hell." It is often used as a mild expletive. _This INFERNAL copier keeps breaking down!_ infidelity _(in-fi-DEL-ih-tee) noun_ The quality or act of having been untrue or inconsistent with a (often implied) standard. Infidelity is often used to describe extramarital affairs. _Although Gwen suspected her husband of INFIDELITY, she had not come across any tangible proof._ influenza _(in-floo-EN-zuh), noun_ A contagious respiratory virus characterized by inflammation of the mucous membrane, fever, prostration, aches, and pains. _David was still weak from his bout with INFLUENZA._ ingrate _(IN-grate), noun_ An ungrateful person. A person who does not show the proper respect or gratitude toward someone who has provided help might be called an ingrate. _He lived with us for six months, but that INGRATE Ralph hasn't even written in over two years._ iniquity _(ih-NIK-wih-tee), noun_ Injustice or immoral action. Iniquity derives from the Latin for "unfairness." _The many INIQUITIES suffered by American Indians at the hands of government authorities is only now being widely acknowledged._ insidious _(in-SID-ee-uss), adjective_ Designed to entrap; happening or spreading harmfully but subtly; stealthily and seductively treacherous. _Mark's chess games were full of INSIDIOUS traps meant to lull his opponent into a sense of complacency._ insipid _(in-SIP-id), adjective_ Lacking in vigor; dull. Insipid (usually applied to bland ideas, personalities, or works of art) derives from the Latin for "without taste." _In Frank's opinion, the novel's plot was INSIPID and left much to be desired._ insolent _(IN-suh-lnt), adjective_ Rude and arrogant. That which is insulting or disrespectful (especially speech) could be considered _insolent_. _Her INSOLENT retorts to Joan's well-intentioned queries stunned the dinner party._ insubordinate _(in-suh-BOR-din-it), adjective_ Failing to accept or obey proper authority. In the military, an enlisted man who insults an officer could be accused of an insubordinate act. _Frank, not eager to be branded INSUBORDINATE, did his best to carry out the colonel's strange orders._ irascible _(ih-RASS-uh-bul), adjective_ Easily angered. Those who are prone to fits of temper are irascible. _Sebastian, an IRASCIBLE man, did his best to put on a show of conviviality when he visited his in-laws, most of whom irritated him._ jaded _(JAY-dud), adjective_ Worn out; dulled or satiated due to overindulgence. _Her parents thought that providing Tracy with everything her heart desired as a child would make her a happy person, but she grew up to be a JADED and selfish woman._ jaundice _(JON-diss), noun_ A yellowish tint to the body's skin, fluids, and tissues as a result of the buildup of excessive bile; also, a biased, hostile attitude. _The cosmetics saleswoman tried to convince her that the makeover had given her a tanned appearance, but Shawna worried that she looked like she had JAUNDICE._ lacerated _(LASS-uh-ray-tud), adjective_ Cut, torn, ripped, or mangled. _Because I LACERATED my finger with the scissors while I was on the job, I was eligible to file a workers' compensation claim._ lackadaisical _(lack-uh-DAZE-ih-kul), adjective_ Lacking spirit or energy; languid. _I was feeling rather LACKADAISICAL last Sunday, so I stayed in bed all day and watched football games instead of mowing the lawn._ lackluster _(LACK-lus-tur), adjective_ Dull; not shiny or brilliant. _Wanda's LACKLUSTER performance as Hedda Gabler led one critic to remark that she probably had a long career ahead of her in the theater—as a stage weight._ libel _(LIE-bull), noun_ A written, printed, or pictorial statement or assertion that is unjustly negative, defaming, or hurtful to one's character and reputation. _Several celebrities have sued the supermarket tabloid for LIBEL, but the parade of lurid and preposterous headlines has continued unabated._ libertine _(LIB-ur-teen), noun_ One who lives life unconcerned and unrestrained by popular convention or morality; a promiscuous person, especially a man. _Presumably because he is divorced, my elderly grandmother refers to my fiance Eric as "that LIBERTINE," but everyone else in my family thinks he's wonderful._ licentious _(lie-SENN-shuss), adjective_ Having little or no moral restraint, especially with regard to sex. _After months of watching Gary leave the nightclub with one woman after another, Paul finally decided to tell Maureen of her husband's LICENTIOUS behavior._ lip-sync _(LIP-sink), verb_ To simulate a live singing performance by mouthing along to a record. _It is common these days for recording artists to LIP-SYNC for the bulk of a " live" concert._ litigious _(lih-TIJ-us), adjective_ Overly inclined to engage in lawsuits. Litigious can also mean "of or
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24, 62, 527, 311, 478, 2610, 60, 18, 13, 19, 14, 67, 62, 16573, 11975, 14, 20, 13, 1010, 14, 69, 6035, 28, 187, 22, 14, 4040, 14, 26, 14, 47257, 14, 22, 14, 19304, 14, 740, 14, 13006, 14, 18, 13, 21, 13, 22, 13, 1012, 14, 49513, 8724, 14, 20, 41, 13, 1010, 41, 14, 1004, 554, 2610, 60, 20, 7096, 19, 89, 1438, 89, 19, 13, 21, 7096, 19, 89, 1438, 89, 19, 27, 23, 13, 24, 62, 527, 311, 478, 2610, 60, 18, 13, 19, 14, 67, 62, 16573, 11975, 14, 20, 13, 1010, 14, 69, 6035, 28, 187, 22, 14, 4040, 14, 740, 14, 47257, 14, 22, 14, 19304, 14, 18, 13, 21, 13, 22, 13, 1012, 14, 49513 ]	-3,15-dione; 10-(benzyloxy)-5-ethyl-9-fluoro-5-hydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 5-ethyl-9-fluoro-5,10-dihydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 5-ethyl-9,10-difluoro-3,15-dioxo-4,5,13,15-tetrahydro-1H,3H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinolin-5-yl 2-aminoacetate; 5-ethyl-9,10-difluoro-3,15-dioxo-4,5,13,15-tetrahydro-1H,3H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinolin-5-yl 3-aminopropanoate; 2,9-diethyl-9-hydroxy-1,2,3,9,10,16-hexahydro-13H-[1,3]oxazino[5,6-f]oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-11,14-dione; 9-ethyl-9-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,3,9,10,16-hexahydro-13H-[1,3]oxazino[5,6-f]oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-11,14-dione; 2-benzyl-9-ethyl-9-hydroxy-1,2,3,9,10,16-hexahydro-13H-[1,3]oxazino[5,6-f]oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-11,14-dione; 2-benzyl-9-ethyl-5-fluoro-9-hydroxy-1,2,3,9,10,16-hexahydro-13H-[1,3]oxazino[5,6-f]oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-11,14-dione; (+)-5-ethyl-9,10-difluoro-5-hydroxy-4,5,13,15-tetrahydro-1H,3H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; (+)-1-[9-chloro-5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-10-methyl-3,15-dioxo-4,5,13,15-tetrahydro1H,3H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinolin-12-ylmethyl]-4-methylhexahydropyridine; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the latter. The invention more particularly relates to the following compounds corresponding to the formula (HCPT): 5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 5,12-diethyl-5-hydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline3,15-dione; 8-ethyl-8-hydroxy-2,3,8,9,12,15-hexahydro-10H,13H-[1,4]dioxino[2,3-g]oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-10,13-dione; 10-(benzyloxy)-5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 5-ethyl-5,10-dihydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 11-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-5-ethyl-5,10-dihydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 5-ethyl-9-fluoro-5-hydroxy-10-methoxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 9-chloro-5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-10-methyl-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 5-ethyl-9,10-difluoro-5-hydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 7-ethyl-7-hydroxy-7,8,11,14-tetrahydro-9H,12M-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-9,12-dione; 9-chloro-5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-10-methoxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-10-methoxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 9,11-dichloro-5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 5-ethyl-9-fluoro-5-hydroxy-10-methyl-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 5-ethyl-10-fluoro-5-hydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetra
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273, 495, 15, 24, 1202, 2592, 5, 281, 721, 15, 21, 1202, 2592, 5, 323, 247, 49199, 757, 7602, 1673, 835, 253, 5791, 1930, 273, 253, 7592, 310, 4886, 1977, 432, 441, 13, 5727, 642, 9510, 310, 6786, 672, 253, 861, 273, 253, 7602, 1673, 310, 28483, 15 ]	Gas: Detection around M Dwarf TWA 7' --- Introduction {#sect:intro} ============ Planetesimal belts, also known as debris disks, are extrasolar Kuiper and asteroid belt analogues, detected around a significant fraction of nearby, main-sequence solar-type (FGK) and A stars [for a review, see e.g. @Hughes2018; @Wyatt2018]. Detectable belts are collision-dominated environments, where the mass of the observed dust and larger planetesimals in a so-called collisional cascade depletes over time [as observed, e.g. @Wyatt2007b; @Holland2017; @Sibthorpe2018]. To date, 19 of these belts have been detected in one or several gas tracers. Detection of gas in planetesimal belts has the potential to inform us about exocometary compositions [@Matra2017b; @Matra2018a], particularly during the $\sim$10-100 Myr period when terrestrial planet formation is still ongoing, and volatile delivery events through exocomets may be commonplace [e.g. @Morbidelli2012]. CO dominates the number of detections (17/19), in part thanks to the unprecedented sensitivity of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). For many systems, it remains debated whether the gas is primordial or secondary in origin, where primordial gas is a long-lived remnant of the protoplanetary disk [@Kospal2013], whereas secondary gas is second-generation like the dust, produced by exocometary gas release [e.g. @Zuckerman2012; @Matra2015]. In five of these belts, the CO masses and line opacities have been well established, and the resulting low CO masses and optically thin CO lines can only be explained by a second generation origin [@Dent2014; @Marino2016; @Marino2017a; @Matra2017a; @Matra2017b; @Booth2018]. The origin of gas for the more massive CO-bearing belts remains unconfirmed, but there are indicators suggesting an absence or a significant depletion of H$_2$, which would point toward a secondary origin for them, too [e.g. @Hughes2017; @Higuchi2017]. A puzzling outcome of the first global analysis of the CO detections is a significantly higher occurrence rate of CO in belts around A stars compared to lower luminosity stars [@Moor2017]. Indeed, no detection has been reported to date around stars of type later than F, which constitute the overwhelming majority of stars in our Galaxy. In this work, we aim to understand how the presence of CO gas in a planetesimal belt is affected by its stellar host, and explain the origin of the decreasing CO occurrence rates around stars of decreasing stellar luminosity. We do so by presenting the first ALMA detection of CO in a planetesimal belt around an M3-type [@Ducourant2014] dwarf, TWA 7. This nearby star [34.0 pc, @Gaia2018] is part of the TWA association [@Webb1999], setting its age at $\sim$10 Myr [@Bell2015]. Its infrared excess was detected by Spitzer [@Low2005] and confirmed by Herschel [@RiviereMarichalar2013]. The first, scattered light image of the outer regions of the belt was obtained by HST [@Choquet2016], and more recent SPHERE data resolve the belt’s inner regions showing broad emission from a face-on ring extending from $\sim$20 to at least $\gtrsim70$ au [@Olofsson2018]. Unresolved submillimeter emission was detected by the JCMT [@Matthews2007]. However, ALMA observations recently showed that the JCMT flux is actually dominated by an unrelated source $\sim6.6\arcsec$ offset from the star (likely a submillimeter galaxy), although the fainter-than-expected belt is also detected and marginally resolved [@Bayo2018]. We here analyze the CO cube obtained as part of the same ALMA dataset as described in @Bayo2018. In §\[sect:obs\], we summarize the interferometric observations, including their calibration and imaging. §\[sect:res\] presents our analysis of the CO data and a derivation of physical parameters from measured quantities. In §\[sect:disc\], we demonstrate the exocometary origin of the gas, and examine how of the exocometary release process differs around M stars compared to more luminous stars. Finally, we discuss the origin of the stellar luminosity dependence of the CO detection rates in the context of exocometary gas release. We conclude by summarizing our findings in §\[sect:concl\]. Observations {#sect:obs} ============ TWA 7 was observed by ALMA in Band 7 using the 12m array in 2016. Three observations were obtained, one with 42 antennas in a compact configuration pointed at coordinates RA: 10h42m29.904s Dec: -33d40m17.098s, and two with 36 antennas in a more extended configuration pointed at coordinates RA: 10h42m30.413s Dec: -33d40m16.700s, altogether spanning baselines from 15.1 m to 3.1 km. Further details of the observations can be obtained in @Bayo2018. Standard calibrations were applied to each dataset using the ALMA pipeline in CASA v5.1.0. A CO visibility dataset was produced covering $\sim$1200, 244.141 kHz-wide channels around the transition frequency (345.796 GHz), with continuum emission subtracted from it using the uvcontsub CASA task. For continuum imaging, we considered all 6.9 GHz covered by the 4 spectral windows of each of the observations. For both CO and continuum, calibrated visibilities from the different observations and configurations were imaged both separately and together using the tclean task within CASA, in mosaic mode with multiscale deconvolution. To improve sensitivity to extended emission originating from the belt, we use natural weighting and further apply a 2$\arcsec$ u-v taper to the visibilities prior to imaging. The final CO data cube reaches an RMS sensitivity of 7 mJy/beam in a 244.141 kHz channel (corresponding to 0.21 km/s at 345.796 GHz) for a synthesized beam size of $1.8\arcsec\times 1.7\arcsec$ (62$\times$58 au at the distance of the star from Earth). The continuum image has an RMS noise level of 0.07 mJy/beam for the same synthesized beam size. ![CO J=3-2 spectra of the belt around TWA 7, spatially integrated over the region where continuum is detected at the $\sim$2$\sigma$ level. The top (red) spectrum is obtained without any spectral filtering, whereas the center and bottom spectra are obtained by shifting the 1D spectra at each pixel location by the negative of their expected Keplerian velocity at that location. Two possible signs of the velocity are possible, depending on whether the East side of the belt is moving away or towards us, leading respectively to the green and blue spectra. The grey region indicates the $\pm1\sigma$ confidence interval for the stellar radial velocity [@Gagne2017]. The green shaded region represents the best-fit Gaussian profile to the spectro-spatially filtered emission, used to quantify the integrated line flux.[]{data-label="fig:1dspectra"}](TWA7_CO32_allspectra_vnoselfcal_compandext_smallerpix.pdf) Results and Analysis {#sect:res} ==================== Spectro-spatial filtering: CO J=3-2 detection {#sect:spectrospatial} --------------------------------------------- No strong emission is observed after quick inspection of the CO data cube around the radial velocity of the star [11.9$\pm$0.4 km/s in the heliocentric frame, @Gagne2017]. Following the method of @Matra2015 [@Matra2017b], we apply a spectro-spatial filtering technique in order to boost the S/N and achieve maximum sensitivity (Fig. \[fig:1dspectra\]). First, we simply spatially integrate over the region within $\sim$3.5" from the star where continuum emission from the belt is detected above the 2$\sigma$ level. This produces the red spectrum, where a hint of a Keplerian double-peaked profile already emerges from the noise around the expected stellar velocity. To test whether this signal truly originates from circumstellar gas, we then assume that CO orbits with the Keplerian velocity field expected around a star of 0.55 M$_{\odot}$ [@Neuhauser2000], for a disk with an inclination (13$^{\circ}$) and position angle (PA, 91$^{\circ}$) as derived from high resolution dust imaging in the near-IR [@Olofsson2018]. The unknown rotation direction leads to two possible velocity fields, with the East side of the disk moving away from Earth or towards Earth. For each of the two possible velocity fields, we assign each pixel a given expected radial velocity and shift the 1d spectrum in that pixel along the frequency (velocity) axis, by the negative of its assigned radial velocity. Then, we spatially integrate over the region where continuum emission is detected, to produce the green and blue spectra. We find that the detection is significantly boosted from a peak S/N of 3.7$\sigma$ to 6.4$\sigma$ for a Keplerian velocity field where the East side of the disk is moving away from us, whereas no boost is achieved when the sign of the velocity field is inverted.
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8063, 13, 281, 13292, 18816, 1721, 383, 284, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 2395, 273, 6265, 778, 3176, 8921, 15, 1292, 3569, 5859, 13, 500, 276, 1261, 293, 2296, 13, 13330, 342, 18655, 13, 1146, 417, 247, 5099, 301, 474, 5859, 533, 2581, 247, 46286, 5859, 15, 1737, 8213, 275, 8672, 310, 10534 ]	a band. Our guitar teachers teach rock, blues, county, folk and classical guitar styles on electric or acoustic guitars. Our goal is to match the student with the perfect teacher for their learning style, taste and personality. Students are encouraged to bring CDs or their iPod to their lessons to learn their favorite tunes. Beginners learn basic chords and simple songs. Students who like to sing can begin to play guitar to accompany their voice within the first few lessons. We emphasize sight reading and theory but make sure that each lesson is both challenging and fun. More info on Guitar lessons ♦PianoPiano is one of the most popular instruments for beginning students. Even very young children can make a great sound by simply pressing down a key and the system of black and white notes makes understanding music easy. Our piano teachers work in a variety of styles from classical to popular music. Whether you want to learn Beethoven and Bach or popular songs from your favorite artist our teachers can help you or your child become a real pianist. We believe in the importance of learning the fundamentals of sight reading, technique and theory but we also include lots of fun by including your favorite songs into your lesson. You do not need to have a full sized piano in your home to take lessons. A simple touch-sensitive electric keyboard is fine to get started. More info on Piano lessons ♦VoiceIf you have always wanted to be a better rock, pop, country, jazz, gospel or Musical Theater singer, then we have the right voice teacher for you. Our voice teachers focus primarily on popular music often using tried-and-true classical techniques to build the voice. Many students want to be involved in Musical Theater. One of our specialties is preparing singers for parts and auditions. Our staff has extensive Musical Theater training and can help with both vocal quality and character presentation. In addition many guitar and piano players wish to develop their voices to expand their musicianship and allow them to sing and play at the same time. Voice students spend time each week doing vocalization exercises to improve their range, breath control, projection, vibrato, tone production, enunciation and more. All voice students set goals with their teacher and often perform at the many CHMA concerts. More info on Voice Lessons ♦DrumsThe study of drums is a great introduction to the world of music. The emphasis on rhythm is a perfect gateway to future musical exploration especially for students who are physical and kinetic by nature. At CHMA we have a great drum room overflowing with snares, tom-toms, basses, cymbals and assorted percussion gear. Two complete drum sets allow both teacher and student to work out together using both hands and feet. Even beginners learn to keep a beat on the drum kit like a drummer in a rock band. Students learn rudiments, stick control, drum notation and listening skills. To get started all you need a practice pad or snare drum. ♦Violin and Strings Violin and other stinged instruments are an essential part of the programs at CHMA. Students as young as 3 may take lessons using the Suzuki Method when it is appropriate. Violins are available in a variety of sizes to suit any age student. Classical technique is the foundation of string studies however more advanced student can choose from a variety of styles including, jazz, pop, county and Irish fiddle tunes, ♦Brass and Woodwinds ♦Bass and Bass Guitar Harp Fill your home with heavenly music! Right from the beginning, you play a note and it sounds beautiful. Our harp instructor teaches both kids and adults and has experience with every type of beginner. The best age to start is 8 or 9, but some students start at age 62. Classical technique is taught, but students may pick from classical, celtic or folk music. Students usually rent small lever harps at first. No prior musical experience is necessary to start. Ready to enroll? Give us a call at 215 233 0962 or contact us via email by clicking here. More infoExercise Core Temperature Response with a Simulated Burn Injury: Effect of Body Size. Although the severity of a burn injury is often associated with the percentage of total body surface area burned (%TBSA), the thermoregulatory consequences of a given %TBSA injury do not account for the interactive effects of body morphology and metabolic heat production (Hprod). Using a simulated burn injury model to mimic the detrimental effect of a 40% TBSA injury on whole-body evaporative heat dissipation, core temperature response to exercise in physiologically uncompensable conditions between morphologically-disparate groups were examined at (i) an absolute Hprod (watts, W), and (ii) a mass-specific Hprod (watts per kilogram of body mass, W·kg). Healthy, young, non-burned individuals of small (SM, n = 11) or large (LG, n = 11) body size cycled for 60 min at 500 W or 5.3 W·kg of Hprod in 39°C and 20% relative humidity conditions. A 40% burn injury was simulated by affixing a highly absorbent, vapor-impermeable material across the torso (20% TBSA), arms (10% TBSA), and legs (10% TBSA) to impede evaporative heat loss in those regions. While the elevation in core temperature was greater in SM compared to LG at a Hprod of 500 W (SM: 1.69 ± 0.26°C, LG: 1.05 ± 0.26°C, P < 0.01), elevations in core temperature were not different at a Hprod of 5.3 W·kg between groups (SM: 0.99 ± 0.32°C, LG: 1.05 ± 0.26°C, P = 0.66). These data suggest that among individuals with a 40% TBSA burn injury, a smaller body size leads to exacerbated elevations in core temperature during physical activities eliciting the same absolute Hprod (non-weight-bearing tasks) but not activities eliciting the same mass-specific Hprod (weight-bearing tasks).Kind of, well LoL + DOTA2 (courier system is a-go!) gelling with MtG and stuff like Decipher's LOTR TCG and the WoW TCG.It's going to be print, maybe if it does really well I can shop it around to a publisher and then an app developer, but initially it'll be a physical productIn The Pure Theory of Politics, Jouvenel quotes David Hume’s “Of the First Principles of Government” and comments that Hume’s statement below is “perhaps the most important of all political science”: As FORCE is always on the side of the governed, the governors have nothing to support them but opinion. ‘Tis therefore on opinion only that government is founded; and this maxim extends to the most despotic and military governments, as all as the most free and popular. The soldan of Egypt, or the emperor of Rome, might drive his harmless subjects like brute beasts, against their sentiments and inclination: but he must at least have led his mamalukes or praetorian bands like men, by their opinion. For many lovers of liberty, authority tends to take on a negative connotation; it is seen as something which chafes me and against which my liberty must strain. But what Hume and Jouvenel recognize is that authority is not mere force and can never be mere force. The greatest human authority, if it ceases to obtain what Jouvenel calls “response,” goes out like a candle. What is required for lasting rule, according to Hume and Jouvenel, is not coercion but rather the opinion of right. Furthermore, authority for Jouvenel is not a quality inherent in a single element; it is rather the relation between two elements—call them A and B. This relation can be analyzed in two ways: by looking at the sources from which it springs and by looking at the modes in which it operates. I. Following Cicero, Jouvenel notes that authority can spring from two sources. Authority can spring from potentia, or what Jouvenel calls natural or informal authority; and it can spring from potestas, or what Jouvenel calls formal authority. Potentia is the potential for authority inherent in an agent; it is similar to what Max Weber might analyze as charisma. Potestas is the authority inherent not in an agent but in a position. It is often the case that these are not manifested together; many middle management types have potestas with no potentia, and many “natural leader” types have potentia with no potestas. The potential for both benefit and mischief is maximized, of course, when someone with natural authority becomes ensconced in formal authority. As Jouvenel notes ominously, the record shows that dangerous men are more dangerous when admitted to potestas than when denied it. Catiline had tremendous potentia, but he was twice defeated for the Roman Senate, whereas a far lesser man, Clodius Pulcher, was more successful because he obtained the potestas of the Tribune; as a result, he was able to lord over Rome and send Cicero into exile. And calling Hitler to the chancellorship did not successfully counter the Nazi challenge to the Weimar Republic; it would have been better altogether, not just in hindsight but in principle, to deny Hitler potestas. This account of authority may appear strange. But political science, Jouvenel says, deals with appearances, being not a juridical science but rather a phenomenological science. What matters in politics is precisely
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1978, 619, 10541, 4080, 15, 187, 187, 3, 3726, 7320, 617, 275, 281, 789, 275, 253, 31990, 1051, 28489, 767, 2607, 3622, 865, 9545, 466, 753, 15, 2064, 3589 ]	fight to keep myself from swaying as the camp spread open in front of me. It was just that some things had changed in the months I'd been gone. The lower level of the Infirmary had been little more than a hallway of beds and curtains, but all of those were gone now, replaced by stacked, unlabeled boxes. As we moved across the tile, the plastic in my shoe clicking with each stride, I saw PSFs bringing more up from the back rooms and offices. Their curious gazes followed us all the way outside into the pouring rain. Gunmetal-gray skies always drew out the vibrant green of the grass and the trees surrounding the fence. The curtain of water falling around us in sheets didn't dampen the effect in the slightest, nor did it drive away the earthy smell that immediately sent my senses into an overload of visceral memory. I bit my lip and shook my head. It's different now, I reminded myself. You're in control. You are getting out of here. I tried to reach for the old, familiar numb nothing I had lived inside while in this camp, but couldn't find it. The soggy ground shifted under my feet as I found the muddy path. I looked down, and my eyes caught on the sight of the white slip-ons on my feet. The number 3285 stared back, splattered with filthy water and wilted grass. I took a steadying breath and forced myself forward. You're here for a purpose. You are going to get out of here. This was another Op. I could be hard and certain and fight here, too. There was no falling apart now. No giving into fear. Not if I was going to save the others. Rings of cabins curved in front of me, looking darker and smaller than I remembered. I saw holes in the roofs patched over with sheets of warped plastic. The wood paneling along the sides was warping, peeling as the remnants of the last snowstorm dripped down from the roofs. The cold ran like needles over my skin, pinching and stabbing until I finally gave in and started to shiver. The red brick Control Tower at the center of the cabins had darkened under the rain's touch, but there were still multiple PSFs out on the upper ledge, their guns following the paths of each line of drenched kids trudging up the paths from the Garden. Their Blue uniforms clung to their shoulders, the hollows of their stomachs. Most of the kids kept their heads down as they diverted around us, but I caught a few curious glances, all lightning-fast, under the watchful eye of their PSF escort. No—not PSF— I spun on my heel, watching as the soldiers at the end of the line marched on, backs straight, movements choreographed and stiff. They wore crimson vests over their black fatigues. I guided Laybrook off the path with the slightest bit of pressure on his arm, letting the next group pass by us to reach their cabins. Again, walking alongside them at the front and back of the two straight rows were the soldiers in crimson vests. No guns. No weapons of any kind. A warning trill sounded in my mind as the last group came toward us, and terrible suspicion solidified into shock. The red vests were keeping track of the kids, devoid of any emotion. They were young, faces still round and full. My age maybe, or a few years older. They were inserted in the places where the dwindling PSF force should have been. They were Reds. THERE WAS AN HOUR BETWEEN the last work shift, whether it was in the Garden, the Factory, or cleaning in the Mess Hall or Wash Rooms, and when they served dinner. The kids would be returned to their cabins, and each group was allotted a specific time to walk the distance between the buildings. It was a song that only worked if the camp hit each note exactly right. The kids were streams of blue and green, so deeply entrenched in playing their parts that they never stepped out, not even once, to dare interrupt the pace. Reds. God, the others had no idea. I had no way of warning them, and the closer I came to Cabin 27, the more it felt like this was already over. Laybrook followed me up to the cabin, unlocking the door and holding it open for me with a forced politeness. I stepped inside, my eyes meeting his pale ones for the last time. I plugged memories in over the truth, dropped in scenes of him roughing me up, dragging me around, and made him think he was as tough as he wanted to be. The door shut automatically as he turned and walked back into the rain. I knew, by the silence that had greeted me when the door opened, that the girls weren't back yet. They would have switched, just recently, from Factory to Garden duty, and likely were still trudging back through the mud, or waiting at the low fence for permission to move. The cabin—my cabin—was small enough to take in with a single turn. Brown upon brown, broken up only by the yellowing white sheets on the bunk bed. The smell of mildew mixed with a natural body odor, covering even the bland hint of sawdust from the wood. Patches of silver light streamed in through the cracks in the paneling. The wind whispered through the cabin, drawing me around the first few sets of bunks, toward the back wall. I stared at my bunk, a familiar hopeless despair crashing over me. I bit my lip again to keep from crying. Rain had come in through the nearby wall, slanting in to dampen the mattress. I moved toward it like I was underwater, barely feeling it as I sat down. My breath caught in my throat and stayed there as I looked up at the bottom of Sam's mattress. My fingers traced the shapes I had peeled off at night when I couldn't sleep. You left them here. A hand rose up, pressing against my chest, making sure my heart was still beating. You left them here, to live in this hell. "Stop," I whispered. "Stop." There was no way I could ever make up for it. There was no way to go back and change the decision I made that night to swallow Cate's pills. The only way out was forward. I am going to walk out of here. I am going to take every single one of them with me. The door to the cabin popped open. They were silent as they came in, lining the narrow space between the nearby bunks. The PSF came in, counting them off. Then, with a faint smirk, she turned and added me to the tally. The others knew better than to move before the uniform left and locked the door behind her, but nothing could have surprised me more than seeing Sam whirl around, something like hope on her face. Her honey-blond hair had been hastily braided back, and her face was streaked with black dirt. She looked tired, pushed past the point of exhaustion; but her stance, the hands on her hips, the expectant tilt of her head—that was Sam. That was all Sam. "Oh my God." Ellie, one of the older girls. She and Ashley had always tried the hardest to take care of the younger girls. Without her best friend standing shoulder to shoulder with her, I barely recognized her. There was a beat of stillness and then she was rushing toward me, climbing over the bunks that separated us. A good thing, too. I'm not sure I could have moved if I'd wanted to. How was it possible to be bursting with happiness at the sight of them, and still terrified about what they'd think? "Oh my God." Those three words over and over again. Ellie crouched down in front of me, her green shirt splattered with rain. She took my face between her freezing hands, a light touch that turned into a fierce grip once she seemed to accept I was real. "Ruby?" "I'm back," I choked out. The other girls bottlenecked the path between the bunks, and some, Sam included, simply crawled over the mattresses and frames that stood between them and me. Vanessa, Macey, Rachel, all of them, reaching out, touching my face, the hands that were limp in my lap. Not angry. Not accusing. Not afraid. Don't cry, I told myself, smiling even as my eyes burned behind my lashes. "They said that you died," Ellie said, still kneeling in front of me. "That it was IAAN. What happened? They took you away that night, and you never came back—" "I got out," I told them. "One of the nurses planned the whole thing. I met other kids like us and...we hid." The abbreviated truth would have to do—for now. I'd never bothered to ask Cate if the cameras could record sound in addition to video, but the sight of them gathered around me would be dangerous enough. We weren't supposed to touch each other. "But they found you?" This from Vanessa, dark eyes still wide with disbelief. "Do you know if they took Ashley, too? Have you heard anything about her?" "What happened?" I asked, careful to keep my tone measured. "They pulled her in to work in the Kitchen...maybe two months ago?" Ellie said. That wasn
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783, 14, 13550, 5017, 1806, 344, 753, 15, 773, 1147, 457, 84, 2238, 273, 11755, 533, 352, 457, 84, 849, 309, 8131, 352, 651, 320, 15, 309, 457, 78, 816, 2820, 281, 2770, 327, 14648, 13, 417, 1663, 2770, 327, 512, 253, 745, 14, 783, 14, 13550, 5017, 15, 1893, 326, 457, 84, 644, 1663, 9371, 323, 479 ]	and then to find ways to help herself out of the anxiety attack syndrome. And from there, her work both as a developer of effective autistic therapies and as a an animal scientist blossomed. As an adult, she is regarded as one of the most gifted animal scientists, and one of the highest functioning autistic individuals in the world. Here story is remarkable: it teaches us as much about what it means to be human as it teaches about autism and its potentials. I just love this book. Prepare for an incredible journey into the workings of the human mind - both normal and abnormal. Temple Grandin, a Ph.D. animal researcher who is also autistic, has gifted us all with an intimate "insiders account" of autism. You will learn more about the nature of this syndrome and of the workings of your own mind from this account than you could from any collection of theoretical reports. Further, because Temple is also a consummate scientist, her report is filled with the latest discoveries about the neurological basis of autism and about what therapies have been found to work and for whom they are effective. This is a great book that is certain to help anyone working with any special human needs. Outstanding! This biography has become one of my favorite books - I have read it more than once and given it to many people since first finding. Unfortunately, it found its way to the bottom of my "books to upload" pile, so I am only now getting it to you. I can almost hear Teresa saying, "Finally! Now let's get on with it!" Medwick's retelling of St. Teresa of Avila's life is almost always from the perspective of how Teresa herself would have seen (or has written that she did see) the events around her. I love this, as it offers the utlimate in both historical accuracy and respect toward a very great woman who wove beatiful pathways toward salvation into a fabric of Western Civilization. Additionally, the author's penning of the story itself has the readability of a good novel even as it conveys a mindset and circumstances that, outwardly at least, are so very different from what we commonly encounter in the modern world. I feel that Teresa is a woman for our time as much as she was a woman for her own time - and that this biography offers one of the best portraits of this person who we can all benefit by knowing better. Here's a glimpse of what you will find between the covers of this book: From the time Teresa of Avila (1515-1582) entered a convent at the age of sixteen, she exhibited an independence of spirit not readily tolerated by the sixteenth-century Church or the sixteenth-century political community. Her expansive nature, intensity, and energy would fuel a lifetime of accomplishment, including most significantly the reform of Carmelite convents and the writing of a body of work that today is considered the cornerstone of Christian mysticism. In a finely wrought, multidimensional portrait of Teresa, Cathleen Medwick brings to life a woman of very human contradictions: a devoted daughter of the Church who bent the ruls - and barely survived the Spanish Inquisition - to achieve her goals; a practical, no-nonsense manager whose very personal brand of spirituality manifested itself in flamboyant, arguably erotic, raptures; a woman who, despite debilitating illness, traveled around Spain with the assurance (if not the authority) of a man to organize and strengthen Carmelite communities. There is much more that could be added, but you'll have more fun if I don't tell you every little thing. Do enjoy - this is truly a book for the heart. I read an excerpt of Bones of the Master in the Spring 2000 issue of Tricycle. It knocked my socks off - such beauty, such writing, what a story! Without even bothering to question, I ordered a copy the very next day. Then I proceeded to read it as though it were food and I were starving. It filled me completely. Bones of the Master is a true story about a Ch'an (Chinese Zen) Buddhist Master, Tsung Tsai, then living in upstate New York. At the age of 72, Tsung Tsai determined to return to China - from which he had escaped during the Great Leap Forward in 1959. His purpose was to find the bones of his beloved Master, rebury them with proper Buddhist rites, and create a shrine in his master's memory. He selects as his traveling partner his neighbor and "heart friend," George Crane, the author of the book. Crane's life up to that point had as little to do with the renunciation of desire as Tsung Tsai's had to do with its cultivation - the way they weave their worlds together is as much an adventure as their remarkable trek into the mountains of Inner Mongolia to carry out their unlikely task. The Truth that Tsung Tsai shares with us along the way is as powerfully transforming as it is beautiful and wise. Bones of the Master is so valuable on so many levels that I am joyous to offer it to you! It's hard to know what to say about a book whose every passage evokes tears of both joy and grief. Honey-Bun is as much a Song of Songs to the love that passes between human and animal as it is a Requiem for a lost friend. Anne Stockton has not written just another beautifully written story about a beloved pet (and I love such stories); she has created a work of art - poetic prose, luminous pastel paintings, and a story both unique and universal. This is a very special book - the kind that is treasured and cherished as it is passed among family and friends. She Would Draw Flowers is the legacy of a vibrant, extraordinarily talented young woman whose life came to a sudden close at age 17 in a car accident. I find that I cannot read it without tears coming to my eyes - that someone so filled with enthusiasm and a love of life should have left so soon, so abruptly. However, through those tears, another feeling arises, one of joy and renewed faith that such a gifted person (and these poems and drawings are genuine art, far from the sentimental and contrived) even in so brief a time should have managed to leave us this rare gift. Outstanding. NOTE: Imperfect copies currently discounted on the clearance page (scroll down to find them). I put off posting this book in our Book Shop, not because I didn't like it, but because it touched my heart so deeply that I have had trouble finding the words to convey what lies between its covers. What Dorothy Maclean has poured into Choices of Love is nothing less than a mirror reflecting the burgeoning Love that overflows the Earth and can be seen anywhere one chooses to look for it. She has also shared exercises and attitudes that we can use to develop our capacity to see, hear and feel this Love as she is able to do. My experience of working my way through Choices of Love was multifaceted - I received gift upon gift of beauty, found door after door opening to me, was graced with epiphany upon epiphany, and finally found myself dropping chain after chain, able to embrace and be embraced by the Love which sustains all Creation. May you experience it likewise. Dorothy Maclean is a cofounder of the Findhorn Community in Scotland and author of To Hear the Angels Sing [available in the Nature section].Usually large valves are closed by a spring force which is supplied from a spring which is maintained in compression, and which exerts a force on an actuating rod which is connected with or integral with the valve stem. The valve is opened by air under pressure which forces a piston connected to the actuating rod against the bias of the spring in the direction necessary to open the valve. Thus, if air pressure should drop, the valve would close under the action of the spring to give the system a fail-safe feature. Many large valves must be provided with a fail-safe closing system which will close the valve in the event of a catastrophe such as an earthquake or serious fire. An example of a large valve which must be provided with a system for exerting a large closing force, and for maintaining the valve closed, is a large valve used in a main steam line between the steam generator and turbines in a large power plant. In nuclear power plants it is required that main steam isolation valves be capable of shutting safely when the air lines to the valve actuator are fractured as by an earthquake. This requirement is not easily met because the valves must overcome the high pressure in the steam line while being closed in spite of the fact that the air lines to the valves have been fractured, and the source of energy used to close the valves has been impaired.It was the same old Jason Collins, sporting a sheepish grin and brimming with humility. He’s a man of few words, but they’re always meaningful. His return to TD Garden for the first time since coming out as gay last April was uneventful, just as he predicted. At the Nets’ shootaround Friday morning, Collins sat by himself wearing a skullcap to keep warm, waiting for the media that is ever present since he signed Feb. 24. As reporters walked toward Collins, he began smiling. It wasn’t a series of uncomfortable questions. Collins predicted the attention would soon wane and normalcy would return. “There’s only so many ways you can write the story about the off-the-court stuff,” he said. “It’s kind of funny but it’s how I predicted it would be. I’m just trying to focus on basketball, not really focus on all the off-the-court stuff. So that’s been really helpful for me
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253, 14430, 390, 9569, 247, 22077, 407, 8288, 253, 14430, 33454, 15, 608, 10, 380, 10738, 14278, 273, 2067, 1445, 4896, 1108, 38317, 13, 8115, 13, 25527, 13, 3966, 1108, 18932, 327, 247, 2014, 9400, 27, 4214, 17698, 15, 5220, 9269, 275, 253, 10738, 497, 1781, 19101, 11462, 327, 253, 3402, 15, 2053, 812, 320, 19101, 432, 9647, 457, 1073, 3927, 13, 19101, 432, 30525, 13, 19101, 432, 10846, 665, 17253, 253, 2256, 13, 3966, 15, 309, 5583, 4933, 3484, 247, 773, 47189, 668, 2793, 5001, 247, 1798, 2256, 407, 15250, 731, 342, 247, 5235, 273, 2987, 13, 1690, 19101, 390, 17541, 24392, 13, 326, 512, 4385, 327, 247, 1798, 2362, 15, 21696, 476, 840, 46919, 253, 1491, 281, 1287, 247, 11088, 4685, 273, 253, 2256, 15, 1583, 457, 620, 4366, 6127, 533, 671, 10435, 11297, 534, 588, 7164, 3533, 285, 4446, 616, 4680, 12861, 15, 721, 10, 2091, 2819, 387, 38317, 13, 1908, 604, 597, 457, 250, 773, 87, 525, 23314, 668, 390, 625, 2570, 39062, 15, 2091, 309, 1333, 362, 525, 5464, 13, 309, 1599, 247, 22946, 326, 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2366, 752, 597, 1158, 253, 4067, 2460, 4453, 751, 285, 310, 670, 15, 2635, 13 ]	(-3 - -5). Let x = o + -2. What is the remainder when x is divided by 10? 3 Let b = -41 + 43. Let z be (b + -2)/2 - 13. Let x = z + 18. What is the remainder when 28 is divided by x? 3 Let n = -7405 - -7527. What is the remainder when 14881 is divided by n? 119 Suppose -752v = -718v - 1428. What is the remainder when v is divided by 40? 2 Let d = -361 + 389. Let x(c) = -3c + 3. Let i be x(4). What is the remainder when d is divided by 0 - (1 - (0 - i))? 4 Let g(n) be the first derivative of -n*4/4 - 5n*3/3 - 6n*2 + n - 210. Calculate the remainder when 218 is divided by g(-5). 35 Let w(p) be the first derivative of -8p*2 - 2p + 30. Let x be w(1). Calculate the remainder when 0 - (1341/x + (-2)/4) is divided by 13. 10 Let k(r) = -42r3 - 54r*2 - 5r - 5. Calculate the remainder when 1123 is divided by k(-2). 123 Suppose 0 = -2u - p + 556, 3p - 5p = u - 278. Calculate the remainder when 904 is divided by u. 70 Calculate the remainder when 470236/(-120)15/(-9) is divided by 64. 62 What is the remainder when (-277160)/(-1312) + (-3)/(-4) is divided by 59? 35 Suppose 27q + 247 = 80q - 40q. Calculate the remainder when 1964 is divided by q. 7 Suppose -29g + 250 = 18. Suppose -gx - 21x = -667. Suppose -6k + 4*k = -82. Calculate the remainder when k is divided by xFOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE March 31, 2020 CONTACT: Hannah McKinnon, hannah [at] priceofoil.org Collin Rees, collin [at] priceofoil.org Oil Change International response to Keystone XL subsidy announcement from Alberta Today, the Government of Alberta announced that it would support TC Energy’s Keystone XL oil pipeline with a direct investment of more than USD 1 billion and a further USD 4.2 billion loan guarantee. In response, experts at Oil Change International released the following statements: Hannah McKinnon, Energy Transitions & Futures Director: “Never has there been a more critical moment to support health, workers, and communities. Instead, the Alberta Government is diverting limited and desperately needed public money to Big Oil in the latest misplaced attempt to revive the Keystone XL pipeline and prop up a sector that has no role in a more resilient, safer climate future. “The Keystone XL pipeline was a non-starter a decade ago and it remains one today. With trillions of dollars at play globally in relief and recovery, we have an unprecedented chance to invest in the future, not the past. Unfortunately, the Alberta Government is still refusing to see the writing on the wall, a failure that comes at a huge cost to Albertans in this crisis moment.” Collin Rees, Senior U.S. Campaigner: “This desperate attempt by Alberta’s Government to push through the failing Keystone XL pipeline during a global pandemic is beyond the pale. We need billions of public dollars invested directly in vulnerable communities dying from COVID-19, not spent propping up massive oil companies and unneeded projects that would trample Indigenous rights and exacerbate the climate crisis. “This huge giveaway of public money to fossil fuel executives coming just days after Jason Kenney’s government laid off more than 20,000 educational workers across Alberta says more about where his priorities lie than we ever could. The Indigenous communities, farmers, and ranchers along the Keystone XL route will continue to fiercely resist, and this pipeline will never be built.” ### Notes: This weekend, Premier Jason Kenney’s Alberta Government drastically cut educational funding across the province, laying off more than 20,000 Albertan workers: https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/funding-reduction-alberta-k-12-covid-1.5513803 Oil Change International response to recent Export Development Canada changes: http://priceofoil.org/2020/03/28/oil-change-international-response-to-export-development-canada-changes-in-the-emergency-response-act/ Report detailing more than CAD 10 billion in fossil fuel finance from Export Development Canada: http://priceofoil.org/2018/11/22/risking-it-all-export-development-canada/ Report detailing Canada’s billions in fossil fuel subsidies: http://priceofoil.org/2016/11/16/canadas-fossil-fuel-subsidies/This Wednesday, I attended a workshop at the University of Michigan Museum of Art on a painting by Benjamin West: During the workshop, I noted different strategies employed by the docents and speakers to “teach” us about the art and recorded strategies for using art – as well as general teaching strategies - in the English and/or Social Studies classroom: 1) If you’re using a painting to illustrate a historic event you’re studying or to give historic context to a work of literature you’re teaching, project the image of the artwork and give a mini-lecture on the history behind the work. Also show a map of the relevant region and talk discuss the region’s relationship with the rest of the world and relevant cultural information. 2) Structure lectures in a Q&A format. State the question and then answer it. 3) As an introduction to a historic events, show students a historic painting that illustrates the event and talk about the events that led up to the one depicted in the artwork. Instead of telling students the details of the event, have them make predictions about what’s going to happen based on the artwork and the info you’ve given them on the events leading up to the topic you’re studying. Then, teach the actual details of the event. Afterwards, have students compare what actually happened to their predictions. Also show the artwork again and have students identify what they’ve learned by pointing to particular things in the artwork. 4) To hook students’ interest before studying a particular work, project it alongside a quote that speaks to its legacy or makes a provocative statement about it. You can project the text of the quote or introduce a lecture by speaking the quote aloud. 5) The exhibit consisted of several artworks – portraits, maps, writings, etc – centered on a single topic: General Wolf. Also posted in the exhibit were large quotes printed on the wall. These could be quotes from soldiers’ diaries, quotes from historians, quotes from artists who depicted the subject, etc. I recommend giving students a “gallery” experience regarding a particular subject by presenting them with a variety of works, including quotes or literary passages, that all comment on a particular event. Students can then synthesize the information to develop a comprehensive understanding of the subject. They’ll notice patterns but also contradictions which will raise questions and drive their thinking deeper. 6) When looking at portraits, consider if they’re “vignettes” or more complex narratives. When I say vignette, I mean a portrait that captures a single, focused moment. There’s one thing going on that you’re meant to focus on. Other portraits have various things going on in the image simultaneously. PROJECT IDEA: If you’re having students create a self-portrait or portrait of a character to show their understanding of identity, motives, emotion, thoughts, and goals, consider having them integrate multiple images into a composite portrait. It’ll be interesting to deconstruct and then reconstruct t in a character analysis. 7) When studying the historic facts alongside an artwork that portrays the event, look for accuracies and inaccuracies between the history and the art-story. You could also teach vocabulary alongside this - things like contradiction, paradox, objective vs. subjective, portrayal, etc. 8) Look at multiple works that tell varying narratives about a particular event. You could study tone and consider why the artists portrayed the event differently. You can also talk about artists and artists in terms of reliability. How do we know what’s true? Can fiction make a true statement? How do we piece together contradictory information to draw the most accurate conclusion? 9) Why do authors/artists make changes, additions, and deletions to their characterization of something? 10) The intersection of portrait and idealization. Are realistic works like landscapes and portraits more than representations of something? In what ways are they “re-presentations”, or produced and constructed and skewed, representations of something? Why do this? 11) Historic paintings are often a combination of depicting anatomy, architecture, documenting the landscape, etc. 12) Instead of showing the artwork in its entirety, crop a few images out of it, showing them to students one-at-a-time. Have students analyze each image on its own and have them try to piece together what they think the larger image looks like and is about. Then,
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4103, 281, 253, 25566, 273, 253, 7548, 8090, 327, 1097, 7123, 273, 253, 6384, 13, 347, 2011, 275, 544, 3235, 495, 1084, 18381, 15, 44197, 24185, 15, 85, 4838, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 2420, 7129, 496, 8956, 342, 253, 16039, 2361, 407, 9516, 1254, 18381, 15, 44197, 24185, 15, 709, 21274, 5413, 970, 1929, 26289, 10888, 9241, 13, 359, 1119, 326, 253, 954 ]	aqueous compartments, the aqueous boundary zones near a phospholipid membrane and the membranes including the boundary zones on both sides, respectively. Ratios V ~Fa,c~/V ~all~ and V ~Fa,mem~/V ~all~ indicate storage capacity of compartments and membranes, respectively, as normalized to summed volume of tissue and fluid compartments. Symbol d ~Fa~ indicates exponential decay distance constant for the Fa concentrations in the boundary zones near the membrane ([Eq 6](#pcbi.1004666.e009){ref-type="disp-formula"}). Letters A, B and C refer to the corresponding panels in [Fig 4](#pcbi.1004666.g004){ref-type="fig"}. The volume ratio V ~Fa,c~/V ~all~, as calculated with [Eq (13)](#pcbi.1004666.e017){ref-type="disp-formula"}, represents storage capacity of compartment c normalized to total volume of tissue and fluid. Because the equilibrium constant K ~CpFa~ is very low relative to the physiological \[Cp\], the ratio V ~Fa,c~/V ~all~ is generally much larger than 1, even if compartment volume is small. The storage capacity of a membrane is calculated as the product of membrane volume and Fa partition coefficient of membrane lipid relative to that of water. From [Table 3](#pcbi.1004666.t003){ref-type="table"} we concluded that by far most of the storage capacity is located in the capillary lumen and in the cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, storage capacity of the membranes cannot be neglected relative to that of the relatively small ec and is1 compartments. Discussion {#sec016} ========== We have developed a novel model to quantify Fa transfer through the coronary system, and their uptake into and transfer in the surrounding myocardial tissue, primarily based upon common physicochemical and physiological principles (Figs [1](#pcbi.1004666.g001){ref-type="fig"} and [2](#pcbi.1004666.g002){ref-type="fig"}). In this model Fa, bound to albumin, move from arteries into capillaries. Along the capillaries, part of the Fa is released from albumin, permeates the endothelial cell and pericapillary interstitial compartment, reaching the cardiomyocyte interior where Fa are metabolized. The remainder of the capillary Fa is transferred downstream to the venous effluent by convection. Although the applied physiological and physicochemical principles, forming the basis of our model, are classical, integration of these principles into a complete physiological model subsystem is novel. To the best of our knowledge, there is no cardiac model available, taking into account Fa transfer from capillary to cardiomyocyte crossing three membranes, while considering Cp-mediated diffusion of Fa in the aqueous cellular and extra-cellular compartments in between. A major breakthrough is the novel analytical solutions of mathematical equations describing how soluble carrier proteins Cp facilitate diffusion of Fa through the aqueous compartments and how Fa transfer is hampered by the rate-limiting process of Fa binding to and release from the Cp on both sides of the cellular phospholipid membranes. The model handles time dependency of Fa concentrations, allowing simulation of multiple tracer dilution experiments and, hence, comparison with the outcome of these experiments on the intact heart. Many of the parameters related to ultrastructural geometry, diffusion properties and Fa binding to Cp were obtained from earlier published findings. A sensitivity analysis is presented to get insight into the consequences of variations in the parameters used in the model. Also, the model outcome allows for comparison with multi-indicator dilution experiments. These unique features of the model facilitate studies on the complex process of Fa uptake by the heart. The set of differential equations that describes the transfer of Fa through a water-membrane interface, incorporating effects of binding dynamics between Cp and Fa in the aqueous boundary zone (Eqs [17](#pcbi.1004666.e021){ref-type="disp-formula"}--[23](#pcbi.1004666.e027){ref-type="disp-formula"}) has been reported before and was solved numerically \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref019]\]. Since so many parameters appear to be relevant and dependencies are non-linear, a convenient sensitivity analysis is hard to obtain numerically. Therefore, we used a comprehensive analytical solution (Eqs [6](#pcbi.1004666.e009){ref-type="disp-formula"}, [8](#pcbi.1004666.e011){ref-type="disp-formula"}, [23](#pcbi.1004666.e027){ref-type="disp-formula"} and [29](#pcbi.1004666.e035){ref-type="disp-formula"}) for these equations. For a sensitivity analysis, analytical solutions are preferred over numerical solutions, since dependencies on the various parameters are shown directly. In modeling capillary exchange with the tissue, we introduced the capillary unit as an extension of the Krogh cylinder \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref039]\]. The Krogh cylinder was modified by incorporating dispersion of capillary lengths and the exchange of Fa with adjacent capillary units. In the example of a hexagonal distribution of capillary cross-sections as shown in [Fig 2](#pcbi.1004666.g002){ref-type="fig"}, a cardiomyocyte is surrounded by three capillaries. In our model, axial diffusion has been ignored. The error involved in ignoring this diffusion is most likely small, because the average capillary transit time by convection is in the order of 10 s under physiological conditions of blood perfused hearts in situ. During that time, the diffusion front spreads by the square root of the product of convection time and the diffusion coefficient of albumin. Using the data presented in [Table 2](#pcbi.1004666.t002){ref-type="table"}, we find for this distance spread 30 μm, which is far less than the 800 μm, being the average capillary length in the heart \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref014]\]. Furthermore, it can be derived that the fractional contribution of axial diffusion relative to axial convection for arterio-venous transport in the capillaries equals the diffusion coefficient divided by the product of flow velocity and mean capillary length, which fraction is only 10^−3^. Note that in our experiments on isolated, saline perfused hearts the transit time is only about 2 s ([Fig 4](#pcbi.1004666.g004){ref-type="fig"}), implying that for that situation the effect of axial diffusion is even less. Consensus exists about the pivotal role of cytoplasmic FABP in transferring Fa from the inner phospholipid leaflet of the cardiac cell membrane to the main site of metabolic conversion in the cardiomyocyte, i.e., the mitochondrion. The absence of cytoplasmic FABP resulted in a substantial decline in Fa utilization in both intact hearts in situ \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref040]\] and isolated cardiomyocytes \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref041]\]. Moreover, the high concentration of FABP in the cardiomyocyte strongly suggests a role of FABP in carrier-mediated Fa diffusion \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref011]\]. Alternatively, conversion of Fa into acylCoA in or close to the cellular membrane, i.e., vectorial acylation \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref042], [@pcbi.1004666.ref043]\], may create a cytoplasmic sink for Fa and, hence, promote Fa uptake due to a steeper concentration drop across the cellular membrane. At present, there is no solid proof that this mechanism quantitatively plays a role in cardiac Fa uptake. Therefore, this membrane-protein catalyzed process is not included in our model. Often, cell membranes are considered to be the major hindrance for Fa transfer \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref007], [@pcbi.1004666.ref015], [@pcbi.1004666.ref016]\] within organs. Considering the membrane as a lipophilic material with a thickness of 5 nm, a partition coefficient of C ~lipid~ = 9∙10^5^ \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref008]\] and an estimated diffusion coefficient D ~Fa~ for free Fa similar to that in water (5∙10^-10^ m^2^s^-1^, \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref024]\]), membrane permeability P ~mem~ = C ~lipid~ D ~Fa~/d ~mem~ would be extremely high, i.e., 9∙10^4^ m s^-1^, as compared to the permeability data presented in [Table 3](#pcbi.1004666.t003){ref-type="table"}. Transfer of Fa, however, could be hindered by interactions of the lipophilic compounds with the head-groups of the phospholipid bilayer, limiting stable positioning of Fa either to the inside or to the outside of the membrane. While permeating the membrane, the Fa molecule is likely to be hindered considerably by the parallel organized phospholipids. Accordingly, the diffusion coefficient is diminished to 4∙10^−12^ m^2^s^-1^ \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref044]\], resulting in a membrane permeability of 700 m s^-1^, which is still very high relative to the permeability of the boundary layers on both sides of the membrane, as shown in [Table 3](#pcbi.1004666.t003){ref-type="table"}. In accordance with the insights reported by Hamilton \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref045]\], using known physicochemical principles, we found that the most
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344, 1871, 12759, 253, 13214, 326, 703, 1871, 3078, 281, 320, 347, 1199, 273, 247, 12120, 23660, 347, 617, 3101, 285, 7586, 13, 533, 703, 20296, 253, 7162, 281 ]	be nice?" "Oh, I don't know. I always got the impression that he rubbed you the wrong way." Except for those hot kisses last night, he'd never rubbed her in any way. That was the problem. Funny how it had taken Camille years to figure that out. In the most innocent tone she could manage, she said, "I can't imagine where you got that idea." "Well, you practically laughed with glee when he and Renee divorced." "That's because she was horrible for him," Camille reasoned. "And Matthew should have realized she was a horrible fit for him." "Uh-huh. You mean like you should've seen how Graham was all wrong for you?" Maureen asked smugly. "Exactly," Camille retorted, then sighed as images of last night whirled through her mind. "Actually, Mom, I'm—enjoying Matthew. He's a lot different than the way I remembered." "Different? In what way?" Instead of a spindly young guy, who'd been totally unsure of himself, Matthew had turned into a sexy hunk of confident man, she thought. To her mother, she said, "Well, he was always sort of quiet. That hasn't changed much. But I'm learning he has a bit of a sense of humor and he's a good listener." Pausing, she chuckled. "Or he might just be letting me talk so he won't have to." Several seconds of silence passed and just when Camille was wondering what her mother was thinking, Maureen said, "I'm glad you're enjoying him, honey. I don't have to tell you how much Matthew means to the family. And he's—well, I'm not sure he's ever gotten over his difficult childhood." The things Matthew had told her about his family, or lack of one, were still haunting Camille, and she wondered how he'd grown up to be such a responsible man. If asked, he'd probably give all the credit to Joel, but that wouldn't be entirely right. He'd been a hardworking, trustworthy man when he'd first come to Three Rivers. Joel had simply nourished the goodness in him. Camille said, "Last night he mentioned having a sister. I wasn't aware that he had a sibling. I've never heard any of you mention her. Does he ever see her?" "Not often. The last time was right after you left for Red Bluff. Blake purchased a bull over in California and he sent Matthew to haul him home. The trip gave Matthew a chance to stop by Claire's place." "I see." Deciding she'd better change the subject before her mother started to think her interest in Matthew was a bit excessive, she said, "I guess you're going to have a Halloween party. Do all the kids have their costumes yet?" Maureen chuckled. "Abagail and Andrew are going to be cats with tails and whiskers. That's the most important thing, of course." "How cute," Camille said with a laugh. "What about Nick and Hannah? They probably think they're too old to party with the babies." "Not in the least. Nick and Hannah love being big bosses of their little siblings. And anyway, Viv has promised to take those two to a party on the res that's just for teens and tweens." Missing out on spending time with her nieces and nephews was the one regret Camille often had about making her home here on Red Bluff. On the other hand, it would be difficult living back on Three Rivers and her being the only Hollister sibling without a spouse or a child. It was hard enough to deal with living two hundred fifty miles away. Single and childless at the age of twenty-eight was not the way Camille had envisioned or hoped her life would be. But it had turned out that way and now she was determined not to lament the situation, but embrace her independence. As far as she was concerned that was far better than nursing a broken heart. "Have you seen Emily-Ann lately?" Camille asked. "No. But Katherine sees her regularly. She misses you. I know that much." Emily-Ann had been Camille's best friend since their days in grade school. She ran Conchita's, a tiny coffee shop in Wickenburg that served bakery treats and specialty coffees. "I miss her, too. I'm hoping she can come down for a visit soon." "Emily-Ann isn't exactly flush with money," Maureen pointed out. "I doubt she can afford to stay away from her job for more than a day or two." Camille's friend was dependable and hard working. She'd be great as a waitress for the diner. But in spite of the struggles and stigma she'd suffered through, Emily-Ann would never move away from Wickenburg. It was her home. "I'd make sure she wouldn't have to spend a dime, Mom." "I expected you to say that. So why don't you invite her down for Thanksgiving?" Maureen suggested. "You could take her to Tucson and do some Christmas shopping." "That's a nice idea." "Good. I—" Her mother's words were suddenly interrupted by the sound of distant voices. Camille asked, "Mom, do you need to get off the phone?" "Uh—yes, I'm afraid I do. Blake needs me for something. Love you. And be sure and take extra good care of Matthew." "Yes—I will. And I love you, too." Camille punched the phone to disconnect the call, then rose from the lounge chair. As she walked back to the house, her mother's words played over in her mind. _Take extra good care of Matthew._ What would Maureen think if she knew just how much Camille wanted to care for Matthew? Would she think her daughter was reaching for something she could never have? Last night, when he'd kissed her, she'd thought he was finally going to lower the barriers he'd erected between them. For those few brief moments he'd held nothing back and she'd met the reckless desperation of his lips with the same hungry need. She'd never wanted any man to make love to her as much as she'd wanted Matthew at that moment. But he'd pulled away and implied that their kisses had been a mistake. Could he be right? As Camille went to her bedroom and changed out of her church clothes, the question continued to circle through her thoughts. For the past two years she'd done a lot of growing, and now it was easy to see where and why she'd made the mistake in getting engaged to Graham. Yes, she'd learned her lesson. But what about now? What about Matthew? Oh Lord, never in her wildest dreams had she thought his time here at Red Bluff would mean anything more than having a visitor in the house. She'd honestly expected him to be sullen and curt and she'd planned to ignore him as best she could. How laughable was that? she asked herself as she pulled on jeans and a thin pink shirt. The moment she'd looked across the threshold at Matthew's tired face, something had smacked her right between the breasts. And try as she might, she couldn't get rid of the feeling. But he wasn't down here for romance, she reasoned with herself. Besides, he'd been divorced and single for nearly ten years. The man clearly had no desire to marry again. So what good would it do her to have a brief affair with him? No good. Matthew was right and she knew it. But for some reason her heart wasn't listening to reason. Chapter Five After searching the southernmost range of the ranch for the entire day, Matthew and the small crew of cowhands helping him came up with six of the missing ten steers. Although the men were disappointed that they'd not found the last four, Matthew was pleased with the effort. They could've just as easily ended up with zilch for the day. "When are we going to vaccinate and tag the new cattle, Matthew?" Pate asked, as he steered the double-seated work truck coupled to a long stock trailer over the rough ground. Slumped in the passenger seat, Matthew was attempting to grab a bit of shut-eye during the drive back to the ranch yard, but with Pate hitting every rock in the old roadbed, his head was banging around like a punching bag. Biting back a tired groan, he straightened on the worn leather seat and gazed out the window at the desert hills covered with purple twilight. Red Bluff was an enchanting place and not just because Camille was here, he decided. There were parts of the ranch that were incredibly green to be located in such a desert area. Then there were other parts that were full of high rocky bluffs and hundreds of tall saguaros with their arms reaching toward the wide, endless sky. He wondered how much, if any, of this land Camille ever seen. Did any of it truly matter to her? Or did she only care about the house and having her privacy? Last night, when she'd talked about trying to help out with the ranching chores at Three Rivers, he'd gotten the impression that she'd wanted to be as much of a cowgirl as her mother and sister, but she lacked the confidence to
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contacts prevents clutch slippage (breaking), leading to increased protrusion and growth cone translocation. Stage 3b (high stiffness). Little displacement of the ECM occurs on rigid substrata. Subsequently, most force of RF is transferred to F~adhesion~ at point contacts during clutching. The increased force on adhesions results in breaking or disassembly of point contacts via molecular stretching or activation of cellular signals. Fewer and short lived point contacts on rigid ECM disrupts clutching forces necessary for membrane protrusion and rapid outgrowth.](fncel-09-00244-g0003){#F3} Mechanically Sensitive Proteins within Neuronal Growth Cones {#s3} ============================================================ For cells to sense the mechanical properties of their environment they must express proteins that change their conformation in response to mechanical force or tension. Depending on the type of mechanosensitive (MS) protein, conformational changes may lead to modulation of enzymatic activity, accessibility of binding sites for protein-protein interactions, or regulation of ion channel gating. One site where cell mechanosensors are likely concentrated is at integrin receptor-adhesion protein complexes, which function at the interface between the cytoskeleton and ECM (Figure [4](#F4){ref-type="fig"}). Adhesion complexes are spatially and temporally regulated by mechanical strain and substrate elasticity (Pelham and Wang, [@B83]; Schedin and Keely, [@B92]), suggesting they provide homeostatic feedback, termed tensional homeostasis. In this section we will discuss several recent reports that demonstrate that individual adhesion proteins and MS ion channels can respond to mechanical forces (Table [1](#T1){ref-type="table"}). ![Mechanotranduction within growth cone filopodia involves adhesion and Ca^2+^ signaling. (1) Formation of point contact adhesions are initiated by talin-dependent inside-out activation of integrin receptors. (2) Point contact adhesions form when integrins bind to the ECM and intracellular proteins, such as FAK and paxillin, are recruited to signal and link integrins to the actin cytoskeleton. MS proteins, such as FAK, Talin, and CAS (not shown), are activated during substratum rigidity sensing and signaling for adhesion maturation. (3) Additional proteins are recruited during adhesion maturation, such as vinculin and the actin nucleator Arp2/3. Therefore, mature adhesions act as a signaling nexus for new actin filament polymerization off existing filaments, leading to veil protrusion. (4) Adhesion assembly and maturation can be disrupted when Ca^2+^ flows through MS channels (MSC). Ca^2+^ ions directly activate the protease calpain that targets specific adhesion proteins to inhibit or modulate their function (Kerstein et al., [@B56]).](fncel-09-00244-g0004){#F4} ###### Mechanosensitive (MS) proteins in growth cones. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Gene name Mechanical activation Downstream signaling Growth cone mechanism Key references (Bold---Mechano. Italics---Growth cone) ----------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------------------------------- Adhesion proteins FAK Increased kinase activity • Tyrosine phosphorylation\ • Required for attractive axon turning\ Robles and Gomez ([@B87])\ • Regulation of adhesiondynamics • Promotes axon outgrowth Myers et al. ([@B80])\ *Moore et al. ([@B78])* RPTP-α Increased phosphataseactivity • Fyn recruitment to integrins\ • Phosphatase activityinhibits axon outgrowth. *Kostic et al. ([@B61])* • p130Cas phosphorylation p130Cas Increased availability of tyrosine residues • Phosphorylated by Src and Abl kinases • Required for in vivo and in vitro axon pathfinding and dendritic patterning. Sawada et al. ([@B91])\ Huang et al., [@B48]\ Riccomagno et al. ([@B178]) Talin Increased availability of vinculin binding sites • Vinculin binding\ • Required for filopodia and growth cone motility. del Rio et al. ([@B18])\ • Reinforcement of integrin -actin linkages Margadant et al. ([@B159])\ *Kerstein et al. ([@B56])\ Sydor et al. ([@B100])* Filamin Increased availability of protein binding sites. • Recruitment of Rho, ROCK, PAK, and PKC to actin cytoskeleton and adhesions. • Required for in vivo axon pathfinding. Furuike et al. ([@B29])\ Razinia et al. ([@B177])\ Zheng et al. ([@B125])\ Nakamura et al. ([@B171]) Ion channels TRPC1 Channel opening (membrane-stretch/integrin transduction) • Ca^2+^ influx\ • Inhibition of axonoutgrowth\ Maroto et al. ([@B160])\ • Activation of calpain\ • Required for attractive/repulsive axon turning Wang and Poo ([@B188])\ • Activation of calcineurin Shim et al. ([@B94])\ Wen et al. ([@B190])\ *Kerstein et al. ([@B56])* TRPC5 Channel opening (membrane-stretch) • Ca^2+^ influx • Inhibits axon outgrowth Greka et al. ([@B40])\ Gomis et al. ([@B38]) TRPC6 Channel opening (membrane-stretch) • Ca^2+^ influx • Promotes axon outgrowth\ Li et al. ([@B69])\ • Attractive axon turning Spassova et al. ([@B96]) TRPM7 Channel opening (membrane-stretch/shear stress) • Ca^2+^ influx\ • Inhibits axon outgrowth Oancea et al. ([@B82])\ • Kinase activity(?) Wei et al. ([@B189])\ Turlova et al. ([@B105]) TRPV2 Channel opening (membrane stretch) • Ca^2+^ influx • Promotes axon outgrowth *Shibasaki et al. ([@B93])* TRPV4 Channel opening (membrane-stretch/integrin transduction) • Ca^2+^ influx\ • Inhibits of axon outgrowth Matthews et al. ([@B162])\ • Activation of calpain (suggested) Goswami et al. ([@B145])\ *Kerstein et al. ([@B56])* Piezo2 Channel opening (membrane-stretch) • Ca^2+^ influx • Unknown *Coste et al. ([@B17])* ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Several enzymes within adhesion complexes appear to be MS. For example, mechanical forces applied to cells change both the localization and activity of FAK, a key non-receptor tyrosine kinase. Importantly, FAK signaling is necessary for cell behavioral responses to locally applied forces and changes in substratum rigidity (Wang et al., [@B113]). In growth cones, FAK is essential for point contact adhesion dynamics (assembly/disassembly) and axon guidance (Robles and Gomez, [@B87]; Woo et al., [@B119]; Myers and Gomez, [@B79]) and it is likely that mechanical properties of the environment influence FAK function. For example, FAK activation through deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) requires both the immobilization of Netrin and acto-myosin contractility, suggesting that the kinase activity of FAK is mechanically dependent. Furthermore, inhibition of FAK during Netrin stimulation disrupts recruitment of adhesion complexes and traction force generation in growth cones (Moore et al., [@B78]). A second enzyme
[ 51, 4639, 49, 1783, 15, 16804, 272, 6127, 497, 3562, 342, 8956, 281, 253, 3264, 10104, 326, 497, 28055, 2797, 432, 12400, 3711, 15, 380, 1543, 273, 34463, 1967, 8477, 14, 51, 4639, 49, 3559, 495, 1027, 16991, 30325, 6127, 2470, 1470, 15, 374, 1084, 71, 19, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 9471, 1016, 8931, 281, 326, 273, 337, 273, 253, 495, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 3417, 31401, 275, 7751, 13, 475, 45, 15, 14404, 3737, 11, 313, 1671, 9498, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 11, 313, 1235, 9498, 285, 475, 45, 15, 13131, 360, 11, 313, 1010, 10970, 1621, 4996, 284, 29765, 7629, 1561, 253, 14470, 273, 1016, 3417, 369, 2540, 15, 187, 187, 2641, 1190, 15716, 6260, 187, 22873, 187, 187, 510, 1682, 14, 8491, 3210, 273, 18379, 19137, 13, 443, 3125, 12, 42, 12, 40, 13, 369, 3732, 281, 17029, 23165, 7688, 2190, 512, 34463, 1967, 6430, 1754, 327, 13993, 285, 11356, 3082, 15, 380, 13993, 1783, 2470, 1470, 15, 495, 1084, 71, 20, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 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15, 10709, 266, 3737, 11, 285, 875, 253, 475, 45, 15, 13131, 360, 2992, 475, 45, 15, 1053, 729, 6451, 2992, 285, 475, 45, 15, 448, 356, 9720, 11, 14470, 13, 2975, 15, 5488, 13, 642, 1941, 323, 15583, 32275, 5576, 2605, 285, 749, 18317, 369, 8943, 1561, 253, 23165, 5202, 15, 187, 187, 7475, 1999, 9991, 285, 18825, 2892, 187, 38944, 187, 187, 510, 3425, 1783, 273, 337, 13, 18146, 20633, 10087, 273, 253, 34463, 1967, 3320, 2190, 5540, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 5189, 1249, 45178, 4375, 313, 26, 34791, 790, 285, 1249, 13328, 5632, 27096, 4375, 10, 2190, 6430, 2470, 3235, 374, 1084, 85, 19, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 2420, 2536, 37003, 9991, 8197, 273, 495, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 3417, 403, 17903, 275, 544, 3235, 374, 1084, 85, 19, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 2420, 7129, 496, 2264, 13, 721, 42510, 497, 3636, 13, 495, 275, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 2992, 374, 275, 475, 45, 15, 14404, 3737, 2992, 285, 337, 275, 475, 45, 15, 13131, 360, 4556, 10664, 446, 5174, 9991, 313, 73, 10, 369, 12319, 432, 470, 15, 3357, 3069, 17, 15, 15220, 323, 475, 45, 15, 14404, 3737, 11, 281, 470, 323, 475, 45, 15, 13131, 360, 4556, 35345, 12281, 9991, 369, 12319, 432, 470, 15, 42198, 3069, 17, 15, 1012, 323, 475, 45, 15, 14404, 3737, 11, 281, 470, 323, 475, 45, 15, 13131, 360, 4556, 44889, 83, 1319, 5216, 3559, 1027, 1543, 13, 1690, 1534, 285, 4016, 47858, 8032, 434, 399, 285, 1327, 14, 32258, 23257, 434, 401, 84, 2193, 323, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 2992, 285, 1327, 14, 32258, 285, 2762, 47858, 8032, 434, 399, 285, 23257, 434, 401, 84, 2193, 323, 475, 45, 15, 14404, 3737, 4556, 10022, 13, 841, 1543, 2530, 1329, 323, 33944, 253, 9079, 273, 3072, 3116, 275, 1016, 3417, 15, 187, 187, 38535, 187, 6428, 187, 187, 1992, 3522, 13, 954, 273, 253, 2175, 13, 12262, 253, 34463, 1967, 3320, 3425, 275, 7751, 13, 452, 6107, 760, 1355, 25231, 3672, 13, 342, 3710, 1180, 273, 3530, 1254, 67, 1423, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 2947, 67, 1348, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 1656, 496, 253, 1246, 1263, 13, 970, 1097, 8477, 14, 51, 4639, 49, 285, 3425, 1783, 3082, 13, 359, 452, 6508, 2045, 7313, 407, 18918, 253, 34463, 1967, 3320, 3425, 275, 247, 4067, 11077, 11253, 273, 3530, 432, 2761, 512, 16475, 2439, 253, 2586, 15, 187, 187, 49471, 595, 13, 5540, 1966, 285, 5893, 2219, 13, 1690, 3435, 8951, 13, 608, 26387, 13, 285, 577, 39376, 497, 6730, 15, 11683, 273, 8477, 14, 51, 4639, 49, 1332, 327, 34463, 1967, 3320, 4518, 3559, 495, 1027, 16991, 30325, 6127, 13, 1016, 20651, 281, 337, 273, 253, 495, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 3417, 275, 7751, 15, 4325, 3435, 4466, 14, 10247, 3530, 5480, 432, 8951, 2219, 13, 1458, 313, 2417, 15, 22, 2673, 497, 9813, 342, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 11, 285, 1249, 313, 2031, 15, 22, 2673, 342, 475, 45, 15, 14404, 3737, 4556, 1876, 608, 33110, 13751, 497, 9813, 342, 475, 45, 15, 13131, 360, 2992, 285, 512, 577, 39376, 497, 9813, 342, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 4556, 2053, 1543, 403, 275, 4345, 342, 253, 1543, 432, 253, 2045, 1263, 327, 7751, 2458, 407, 388, 1432, 12987, 266, 1162, 355, 15, 1254, 67, 1508, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 1656, 496, 616, 1263, 13, 432, 11633, 4466, 14, 10247, 3530, 5480, 432, 8951, 2219, 13, 6879, 313, 2251, 2673, 497, 9813, 342, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 11, 285, 5345, 313, 1610, 2673, 342, 475, 45, 15, 14404, 3737, 25350, 432, 2030, 39376, 13, 3127, 497, 9813, 342, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 25350, 285, 432, 3349, 4466, 14, 10247, 3530, 5480, 432, 26387, 2219, 13, 3436, 497, 9813, 342, 475, 45, 15, 13131, 360, 4556, 187, 187, 7475, 316, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 310, 10665, 323, 247, 1781, 1180, 273, 2529, 3417, 15, 1583, 452, 644, 2529, 347, 5799, 3417, 7194, 2556, 281, 7534, 13, 3382, 13, 25231, 13, 40469, 13, 31634, 13, 285, 19183, 6341, 1254, 67, 22, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 1656, 11474, 7418, 5787, 5609, 285, 9588, 452, 644, 4081, 323, 30426, 253, 2891, 13646, 273, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 1254, 67, 1012, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 7254, 67, 938, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 5413, 12930, 247, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 3417, 390, 41859, 512, 273, 253, 2529, 29821, 310, 1335, 417, 15246, 15, 380, 353, 1843, 38, 1332, 452, 644, 2783, 347, 253, 3806, 5853, 407, 1142, 4477, 1254, 67, 23, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 1656, 11683, 273, 436, 5853, 7369, 275, 253, 1246, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 9162, 985, 13, 11616, 1722, 2529, 3417, 1254, 67, 25, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 2947, 67, 1237, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 7254, 67, 1706, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 1656, 10635, 327, 436, 9162, 13, 253, 15443, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 8414, 273, 253, 374, 749, 1541, 3525, 13, 475, 45, 5929, 2796, 4015, 763, 32009, 5627, 11616, 512, 8937, 3645, 3417, 285, 475, 45, 15, 479, 89, 280, 3230, 11, 2570, 432, 253, 1457, 3645, 13, 285, 475, 45, 5929, 2796, 55, 757, 15298, 5627, 11253, 273, 760, 1457, 3645, 3417, 1254, 67, 22, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 1656, 10330, 273, 2067, 3882, 6430, 347, 8571, 1309, 253, 2469, 374, 8007, 1254, 67, 1012, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 7254, 67, 938, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 1184, 452, 644, 5185, 275, 326, 1016, 273, 253, 374, 749, 1541, 3525, 4447, 247, 5799, 1114, 7868, 1059, 280, 37623, 285, 326, 247, 3676, 23165, 8037, 1561, 475, 45, 5929, 2796, 4015, 763, 32009, 5627, 9070, 3417, 273, 253, 8937, 285, 1457, 3645, 15, 5488, 13, 275, 512, 273, 841, 2175, 13, 475, 45, 5929, 2796, 55, 757, 15298, 5627, 369, 8642, 281, 253, 5230, 13, 1223, 475, 45, 5929, 2796, 4015, 763, 32009, 5627, 4447, 253, 16834, 273, 253, 7139, 13, 271, 14011, 273, 1457, 3645, 6510, 273, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 1254, 67, 22, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 2947, 67, 23, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 1656, 187, 187, 2641, 1190, 15716, 1783, 273, 253, 15443, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 1754, 327, 253, 34463, 1967, 3320, 3425, 407, 1879, 12727, 1162, 355, 15, 1254, 67, 938, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 1184, 534, 671, 4516, 253, 1840, 32827, 13, 556, 2908, 407, 2080, 253, 6253, 1180, 273, 3417, 15, 14522, 13, 760, 854, 1114, 7868, 1059, 280, 502, 3355, 497, 1086, 532, 23258, 275, 616, 23165, 7139, 285, 6928, 13, 577, 275, 475, 45, 5929, 2796, 4015, 763, 32009, 5627, 285, 577, 275, 475, 45, 5929, 2796, 55, 757, 15298, 21292, 10022, 13, 253, 4477, 7945, 326, 253, 34463, 1967, 38970, 90, 8525, 760, 854, 3417, 13, 10775, 13, 475, 45, 15, 1053, 729, 6451, 2992, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 13, 418, 15, 14404, 3737, 2992, 475, 45, 15, 479, 89, 280, 3230, 11, 1561, 475, 45, 5929, 2796, 4015, 763, 32009, 5627, 285, 475, 45, 15, 298, 1550, 12355, 13, 418, 15, 5599, 266, 16520, 13, 418, 15, 5549, 1648, 74, 11, 285, 475, 45, 15, 270, 5744, 3093, 16520, 11, 1561, 475, 45, 5929, 2796, 55, 757, 15298, 17931, 285, 326, 253, 4473, 273, 3417, 12872, 943, 320, 13966, 15, 24083, 13, 11797, 407, 841, 1543, 13, 690, 4477, 14285, 323, 3585, 2182, 253, 2891, 13646, 273, 253, 15443, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 1254, 67, 23, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 2947, 67, 1671, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 1656, 187, 187, 688, 776, 1263, 13, 2898, 273, 8477, 14, 51, 4639, 49, 1332, 327, 34463, 1967, 3320, 4518, 3559, 495, 1027, 16991, 30325, 6127, 13, 1016, 20651, 281, 337, 273, 253, 495, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 3417, 275, 7751, 15, 1723, 13, 8477, 14, 51, 4639, 49, 1332, 369, 417, 2104, 281, 2736, 667, 4996, 284, 29765, 10575, 15, 380, 6733, 273, 436, 1332, 323, 8137, 273, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 3417, 556, 2168, 644, 5183, 407, 690, 4477, 1254, 67, 1797, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 2947, 67, 1508, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 2947, 67, 1348, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 2947, 67, 1812, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 1656, 1623, 253, 643, 1133, 13, 1783, 273, 34463, 1967, 3882, 6430, 273, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 14470, 369, 625, 27096, 15, 9937, 253, 1698, 2308, 273, 6380, 9991, 2190, 20533, 14470, 13, 3425, 1783, 369, 2104, 281, 4271, 721, 42510, 13, 495, 20651, 281, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 2992, 374, 20651, 281, 475, 45, 15, 14404, 3737, 2992, 285, 337, 40603, 20651, 281, 475, 45, 15, 13131, 360, 4556, 15092, 475, 45, 5929, 2796, 4015, 763, 32009, 17931, 20533, 34835, 13, 1690, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 13, 418, 15, 14404, 3737, 2992, 285, 475, 45, 15, 13131, 360, 2992, 497, 5939, 2190, 495, 3417, 12872, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 13, 418, 15, 14404, 3737, 2992, 285, 475, 45, 15, 1053, 729, 6451, 4556, 1723, 13, 1561, 1097, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 11, 285, 475, 45, 15, 1053, 729, 6451, 11, 12872, 13, 253, 34463, 1967, 38970, 90, 812, 417, 921, 2590, 11081, 875, 3786, 2529, 3417, 15, 34463, 1967, 310, 762, 41427, 13687, 3473, 323, 14144, 273, 1159, 1580, 39882, 35225, 313, 23, 15, 20, 2673, 403, 25973, 689, 1327, 14, 14107, 10598, 313, 18, 15, 26, 2673, 1254, 67, 938, 14, 76, 23731 ]	RFLP analysis. Banding patterns were created with accordance to the expected profiles that were theoretically obtained from restriction map. The results of HSP70 PCR-RFLP presented 3 different electrophoretic patterns ([Fig. 2](#f2-kjp-55-4-367){ref-type="fig"}), each identical to that of 1 of the 3 Leishmania species endemic in Iran, L. tropica (35%), L. major (50%), and L. infantum (15%). No intraspecific variation within the isolates of each species was observed. Phylogenetic analyses --------------------- The best-fit models of nucleotide substitution, GTR+I+G, was applied to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among all HSP70 sequences based on ML and NJ methods. The ML analysis ([Fig. 3](#f3-kjp-55-4-367){ref-type="fig"}) grouped all the HSP70 sequences into 2 major clades, L. (Leishmania) clade comprising all Old World species and L. mexicana complex from the New World, and L. (Viannia) consisting of only New World species. The NJ tree (not shown) had similar subdivision. Phylogenetic analysis of the Iranian HSP70 gene sequences yielded a phylogenetic grouping in complete conformity with the primary PCR-RFLP identification. Iranian lineages, including L. major, L. tropica, and L. infantum were distributed among 3 complexes L. major, L. tropica, and L. donovani. However, within the L. major and L. donovani complexes, the HSP70 phylogeny was not able to distinguish clearly between the L. major and L. turanica and between the L. infantum, L. donovani, and L. chagasi isolates, respectively. Furthermore, no evidence for phylogeographic structure and substructure was evident within the phylogenetic tree. Genetic diversity and demographic history ----------------------------------------- The sequence analysis of 1,167 bp fragment of the HSP70 gene among 36 Leishmania detected 12 polymorphic sites (9 singletons and 12 parsimony informative sites) among sequences ([Table 2](#t2-kjp-55-4-367){ref-type="table"}). Genetic diversity estimates of 3 Leishmania species are summarized in [Table 2](#t2-kjp-55-4-367){ref-type="table"}. In total, 6 haplotypes were identified, 3 in L. major, 2 in L. tropica, and 1 in L. infantum. Haplotype diversity (h) was ranging from 0.53±0.136 for L. tropica to 0 for L. infantum. Nucleotide diversity was ranging from 0.436±0.13 for L. tropica to 0 for L. infantum. Neutrality tests presented different results, including significant and negative Tajima's D and non-significant Fu's Fs values for L. major, and non-significant and positive Tajima's D and Fu's Fs values for L. tropica. Accordingly, these results provided support for rejecting the hypothesis of population growth in each species. DISCUSSION ========== To date, most of the studies, targeting the HSP70 gene sequence in Iran, have covered only small geographical areas, with limited number of samples \[[@b22-kjp-55-4-367],[@b24-kjp-55-4-367]\]. In the present study, using both PCR-RFLP and sequence analysis methods, we have extended previous observations by analyzing the HSP70 gene sequence in a larger cohort consisting of samples from almost all districts across the country. Totally, 36 human and animal cases, including 27 CL, 5 VL, and 4 rodents were examined. Application of PCR-RFLP method on HSP70 gene clearly presented 3 different electrophoretic patterns, each belonged to 1 of the 3 Leishmania species in Iran. From 27 culture-positive samples prepared from CL cases, 15 (55.5%) were infected with L. major and 12 (44.5%) with L. tropica. All 5 canine specimens were infected with L. infantum, and all 4 rodents were infected with L. major. These results are in agreement with the results from the previous study on Iranians by Hajjaran et al. \[[@b23-kjp-55-4-367]\]. In their study, from 112 culture-positive samples prepared from CL cases, 75 (67%) were infected with L. major and 37 (33%) with L. tropica; from 25 rodents, 21 were infected with L. major; and from 28 culture-positive samples prepared from VL cases, 26 were infected with L. infantum. Genus Leishmania is considerable for a large number of described species. They have been described as distinct species mainly according to biological, clinical, geographical, immunological, epidemiological, and biochemical measurements \[[@b5-kjp-55-4-367]\]. Though numerous molecular techniques and markers have been proposed for resolving the taxonomy of Leishmania \[[@b13-kjp-55-4-367]--[@b20-kjp-55-4-367]\], describing a Leishmania species or embracing all of the described taxa is still not straightforward. The MLEE method have been considered as the reference technique by many authors \[[@b6-kjp-55-4-367]\]. Application of this technique resulted in the present Leishmania classification system, comprising 17 described species \[[@b8-kjp-55-4-367],[@b32-kjp-55-4-367]--[@b34-kjp-55-4-367]\]. Based on this classification, the genus Leishmania consists of the 2 subgenera, L. (Leishmania) comprising all Old World species and L. mexicana complex from the New World, and L. (Viannia) consisting of only New World species \[[@b5-kjp-55-4-367]\]. Analysis of several DNA sequences as targets during the past 2 decades \[[@b13-kjp-55-4-367]--[@b20-kjp-55-4-367]\] have been consistent in that each of the 2 subgenera formed a distinct monophyletic clade and that a deep phylogenetic gap within L. (Leishmania) separated species of the Old and New World. Furthermore, in all of these studies, L. (Viannia) was closest to the root, while L. (Leishmania) formed the crown of the trees, an indication of New World origin of Leishmania \[[@b5-kjp-55-4-367],[@b6-kjp-55-4-367]\]. Phylogenetic analysis of the genus Leishmania based on the HSP70 gene sequence by Fraga et al. \[[@b20-kjp-55-4-367]\] which also supported the above grouping, has included by far the largest number of species. Interestingly, only 8 monophyletic clades were deciphered in their phylogenetic trees and networks, 4 in L. (Leishmania) and 4 in L. (Viannia). Accordingly, the authors concluded that the HSP70 phylogeny supports only 8 species, namely, L. donovani, L. major, L. tropica, L. mexicana within L. (Leishmania) and L. lainsoni, L. guyanensis, L. naiffi and L. braziliensis within L. (Viannia), and that the concept of species complexes should be abandoned. Subsequently, inspired by these results, some authors voted for revising the taxonomy of the genus Leishmania \[[@b6-kjp-55-4-367],[@b35-kjp-55-4-367]\]. In our study, application of PCR-RFLP method on HSP70 gene clearly presented 3 different electrophoretic patterns, each belonged to 1 of the 3 Leishmania species in Iran. However, PCR-RFLP method was not able to detect any intraspecific variations. The efficiency of this method for identification of Leishmania species has already been demonstrated by some authors \[[@b21-kjp-55-4-367],[@b23-kjp-55-4-367],[@b24-kjp-55-4-367],[@b36-kjp-55-4-367]\]. On the other hand, analysis of HSP70 DNA sequences of Leishmania isolates was more informative. Despite the low levels of genetic diversity among Iranian isolates, sequence analysis was able to identify 6 haplotypes, 3 belonged to L. major, 2 belonged to L. tropica, and 1 haplotype belonged to L. infantum. Within L. (Leishmania), Iranian lineages, including L. major, L. tropica, and L. infantum, were distributed among 3 species complexes L. major, L. tropica, and L. donovani. However, within both L. major and L. donovani complexes, the HSP70 phylogeny could not show clear discrimination between previously described species. HSP70 is under stabilizing selective pressure for conservation of function since synonymous substitutions (6.3%) are favored over non-synonymous (1.9%) \[[@b20-kjp
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3289, 14, 13060, 9509, 13, 247, 5754, 323, 37187, 30380, 285, 20086, 13, 285, 247, 5718, 1659, 15, 7667, 682, 369, 4272, 715, 1264, 44869, 9070, 407, 6703, 8099, 326, 1335, 6225, 275, 253, 49747, 5331, 15, 7850, 6150, 8099, 285, 6703, 8099, 574, 19525, 8346, 18488, 285, 2800, 6703, 18488, 5909, 715, 1027, 25237, 15, 187, 187, 19393, 682, 3304, 253, 8099, 369, 247, 42350, 26956, 749, 26613, 342, 1052, 13, 933, 1327, 14, 38682, 285, 6705 ]	osphorus. The Greek communities lived along the seacoast in Kum Kapı, Samatya, and Fener. The headquarters of the Greek Orthodox patriarchate had been located in Fener since 1601. Members of the Greek Phanariot community carried out trade on the Black Sea, supplied dragomans (translators) to the Porte, and were appointed as princes of Moldavia and Wallachia. The Jewish community lived mainly in Balat and Ayvan Sarayı along the left bank of the Golden Horn in the eighteenth century (see chapter 2). The Armenians and the gypsies lived by the western wall in Sulu Kule and Samatya. The headquarters of the Armenian patriarchate was in Samatya. The Greek Orthodox and Armenian patriarchs were appointed by the sultan with extensive rights to administer the religious, legal, and cultural affairs of the Greek Orthodox and Armenian communities throughout the empire. The district of Istanbul contained the Topkapı Palace, the Hippodrome, the Friday mosque of Aya Sophia, and the Grand Bazaar. The Topkapı Palace complex, the private residence of the Ottoman dynasty and the center of government, stands on the first hill at the eastern tip (Saray Burnu) of the peninsula. Mehmed II built the palace over parts of the Great Byzantine Palace and the Acropolis in 1479. Enclosed by walls and divided into four courts, the Topkapı Palace contained public buildings where government business was conducted. The Topkapı Palace housed more than 6,000 people, of whom 500 were women, in the late eighteenth century, according to some accounts. The first court of the Topkapı Palace, also called the janissaries' court, contained military installations, the armory, the mint, and the Executioner's Fountain, where the executioner washed his hands after beheading high officials. The second court contained the Imperial Council, which functioned as a cabinet and a higher court of appeals (see chapter 8); the Inner Treasury; the Public Records Office; the grand vizier's office; and the palace kitchens (ten spacious rooms) that served food for several thousand people daily in addition to the poor. The executioner's room with a small prison was at the gate of the second court. The third court contained the Throne Room, where the sultan received officials, petitioners, and foreign ambassadors; the Pavilion of Holy Mantle, where the relics of Prophet Muhammad were preserved; the Privy Chamber; the Campaign Chamber; the Treasury Chamber; the palace school, the mosque of the janissary agha (head of the janissaries), and the library of Ahmed III. The imperial harem, the tulip garden of Ahmed III, and kiosks were located in the fourth court, the center of the private life of the sultan and his family, which overlooked the Sea of Marmara. The imperial harem was a vast building that occupied parts of the second and third courts and had more than three hundred rooms that housed several hundred female members of the dynasty, Ottoman princes, and their large staff headed by the chief black eunuch. The Topkapı Palace was used as the royal winter residence in the eighteenth century. Sultan Ahmed III commissioned a public fountain across the outer (Bab-i 'Ali) gate of the Topkapı Palace, added a library to the palace, and restored several buildings such as the Imperial Hall, the dining rooms (the fruit room), and the petition chamber. Persian decorative floral patterns and the French rococo style marked the new additions to the palace made by Ahmed III, Abdulhamid I, and Selim III in the eighteenth century. Adjacent to the Topkapı Palace was the Friday mosque of Aya Sophia and the former Byzantine Hippodrome. The Hippodrome was the ancient ceremonial center and the public square. Built by Emperor Setemius Severus in 1203, it was later extended and remodeled by Emperor Constantine the Great. It contained obelisks and columns, three of which still stand today; the Ibrahim Pasha Palace (grand vizier of Sultan Süleyman); and the mosque of Sultan Ahmed I (the Blue Mosque). Due to its function as a ceremonial center and location, many riots began in the Hippodrome in ancient (532 A.D.) and Ottoman times (see chapter 3). Under the Ottomans, it was renamed At Meydanı and continued to function as the ceremonial center. Processions, military drills, and public festivals celebrating the birth and circumcision of Ottoman princes and the birth and wedding of princesses took place in the Hippodrome. The janissary barracks (old and new rooms) and the Et Meydanı (meat square), where janissaries received their meat ration, were located on Divan Yolu and near the Hippodrome. The rebels used the Hippodrome as their base in 1703 and 1730 (see chapter 3). The commercial hub of the city was located very close to the Hippodrome and the Topkapı Palace. The Divan Yolu ( _via ignatia_ ) branched out in several directions from the Hippodrome and connected the area to the mercantile center of the city, the Grand Bazaar and its surrounding residential and commercial districts on the one side as well as the Egyptian Market and the port (Eminönü area) on the other side on the Golden Horn. Most of the 3,667 shops, numerous _hans_ (guest houses) and caravanserais, mosques, _medreses_ (Islamic seminaries), hospitals, and hospices were part of the Fatih, Bayezit, Süleymaniye, and Turhan sultan imperial pious and charitable ( _vakf_ ) foundations that were built during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries in this district. In addition, the shipment, provisioning, and distribution of foodstuff and raw materials took place in the port area on the Golden Horn, where ships from all over the empire and the Mediterranean ports anchored. The Un Kapanı (flour depot) and Yemiş iskelesı (fruit scale) distributed flour to bakers at government-set prices and fruits citywide. In the marketplace various religious communities mingled together, carried out business, and belonged to the same guilds. As would be expected, this area also became a center of crime due to its commercial wealth and social diversity. The district of Istanbul was under stricter government control than the rest of city because the Topkapı Palace, the main residence of the sultan and his family, was located here. The administration of the city was under numerous officials: the grand vizier and his retinue of janissaries, the chief kadi (Islamic judge) of Istanbul, the chief inspector of markets, the chief of night police, the chief of day police, the _agha_ (commander) of janissaries in Istanbul, and the head of the palace guards (see chapter 7). #### THE EUROPEAN HUB: _GALATA_ Galata and Pera, on the opposite side of the Golden Horn from the district of Istanbul, were the hub of Western European trade and the center of diplomacy, finance, entertainment, and European residence in the early modern period. The walled town of Galata was a former Genoese colony, part of the Italian trading settlement on the Black Sea during Byzantine times. Galata had gained full autonomy because of its alliance with the Byzantine Empire against Venice during the restoration of Byzantine rule in 1261. It also had lent financial and military support to Byzantine forces during the Ottoman siege of March–April 1453. Some merchants had collaborated with the Ottoman army and handed the keys of the city to Mehmed II two days after the fall of Constantinople. Because of its timely surrender, Galata survived as a distinct city within a city under the Ottomans. The Ottoman sultan had rewarded the colony by granting capitulations to Genoa and partial autonomy to the town. The treaty provided the Genoese colony with religious and commercial freedom, security, and protection of property as well as exemption from extraordinary taxes, forced labor, and residents' service in the army. The colony also received the right to elect freely a person to represent its interests before the sultan. In return, the residents had to agree not to build new churches or ring their bells too loudly. These privileges were later granted to other Italian city-states and western European nations in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Mehmed II divided the community in Galata into two groups, the non-Muslim Ottoman subjects who paid the poll tax and the subjects of Genoa who resided temporarily in Galata for commerce. The first group of non-Muslim subjects ( _zimmis_ ) included Greeks, Jews, Armenians, and some Genoese. The second group, defined as protected non-Ottoman merchants, received the freedom to trade in return for payment of customs dues. Both groups enjoyed distinct legal and religious autonomy. To establish Ottoman control over Galata, Mehmed II razed some of the land walls and kept the sea wall intact. However, the walls were restored by his son Sultan Bayezid II (1481–1512). The Galata tower (100 feet high and 50 feet in diameter) functioned as a fire-watch facility, a prison for indebted merchants and slaves, and a storage place. Galata was divided into three wards separated by inner walls that still stood in the seventeenth century. Its sea walls and inner walls had eleven outer gates and six inner gates opening into different neighborhoods. Galata inside the walls was a densely populated subdistrict with 200,000 non-Muslim and 64
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1008, 67, 3583, 2498, 380, 21891, 6735, 310, 253, 673, 14, 7555, 19416, 2957, 273, 3417, 347, 247, 906, 273, 20571, 12536, 285, 27159, 534, 778, 2826, 14649, 1996, 275, 253, 3807, 382, 16193, 14251, 326, 6376, 846, 12536, 15, 329, 30868, 275, 253, 1180, 273, 3417, 310, 2540, 13, 1309, 247, 19040, 673, 313, 2068, 9977, 16653, 582, 846, 247, 17190, 2362 ]	]; Liu et al., [@b66]), especially due to the destruction of habitats. Habitat heterogeneity and the intense productivity of such habitats, due to the higher availability of nutrients, could be possible explanations for peaks of species richness in suburban areas (McKinney, [@b71]). This also raises the issues of SAR dependence on scale, with consequences for LCA as characterization factors cannot be easily aggregated or disaggregated and applied to different scales. Other negative biodiversity impacts may also be observed, depending on the location of a disturbance or a forcing event. Bell ([@b10]), suggested that tropical rain forest birds tend to have more difficulty adapting to urban areas than do birds from other natural areas, such as temperate forests. de Baan et al. ([@b7]) devised an LCIA method using regionalized predictions of species recovery times from Curran et al. ([@b23]). This method broadly considers differentiated species responses. However, it should be noted that birds are a peculiar taxon due to their particularly large range of activity, and so it is unclear if the small marginal changes studied in LCA have a significant individual effect on bird species. The issue of how to reconcile scale in a method that addresses the marginal impacts of single-product production is thus far unresolved. Surrogate species: is there a unique choice for global assessments? ------------------------------------------------------------------- This discussion brings us to the species chosen as proxy or surrogate for the impact assessments, i.e. individual species used to represent the species richness of an area, or to predict the behavior of the entire environment when facing specific pressures. Such surrogate species are especially needed when detailed data, such as species distribution, are not sufficiently available (Lambeck, [@b64]; Hortal et al., [@b48]; Murphy et al., [@b77]). In conservation biology and environmental planning, biodiversity measures are essential to predict the status and changes of ecosystems. One of the biodiversity measurement options available is to use beta (β) diversity of surrogate species (Mazaris et al., [@b70]). According to Whittaker ([@b107]), alpha diversity is the species diversity of a community or habitat, beta diversity is the diversity between (neighboring) communities, and gamma diversity is the one diversity of a region (at a larger scale). Surrogacy can be of three types: cross-taxon, for which the species richness of one taxon is used to infer conclusions in other taxa; within-taxon, where a higher hierarchy ranking, i.e. genera, is used as surrogate; and environmental, for which parameters such as temperature are applied (Magurran, [@b68]). In LCIA, cross-taxon surrogacy is commonly used. Surrogacy is also used to indicate the anthropogenic influence on biodiversity, focusing on conservation, monitoring, and management actions, and in a political context, to direct attention to specific environmental aspects (Caro & O\'Doherty, [@b15]). Surrogate species are generally used due to the impossibility of measuring the overall biodiversity in a certain area, given the difficulty of collecting sufficient relevant data (Groves et al., [@b44]; Margules et al., [@b69]). Despite the apparent usefulness of surrogate species in impact assessment, no consensus exists on the use and consequences of the specific species chosen (Favreau et al., [@b38]). Some authors contend that the use of a surrogate, without verifying effective environmental responses, might compromise the effectiveness of the conservation aims (Andelman & Fagan, [@b2]; Cushman et al., [@b24]; Santi et al., [@b89]; Murphy et al., [@b77]), mainly because the cross-taxon surrogacy (i.e. of different taxa and species) may be poor (Kremen, [@b61]; Negi & Gadgil, [@b78]; Santi et al., [@b89]). Favreau et al. ([@b38]) argue that the use of surrogate species should be based on good knowledge of the affected species and how they interact with their environment. They might be a single or a group of species, chosen for various criteria such as body size, which is correlated with sensitivity to disturbances and lifetime (Caro & O\'Doherty, [@b15]). Most ecological processes are dependent on the scale and time (Wiens et al., [@b108]), and these two factors will also influence the ability of one species to reflect the behavior of others (Cushman et al., [@b24]). A meta-analysis of 138 different studies has shown that the use of different taxonomic groups for the assessment of land-use impacts might lead to different results, due to differences in sensitivity to land-use change (Gibson et al., [@b43]). It was found that mammals were less sensitive to disturbances in the landscape, while birds were shown to be particularly sensitive, especially to the land-use change from forest into agriculture. Within some groups, different taxonomic orders were found to be impacted differently. Santi et al. ([@b89]) investigated the degree of concordance among species richness and compositional patterns of different taxonomic groups, and found little cross-taxon congruence among most taxa. The choice of surrogate species is still debated and is barely discussed in current applications of land-use impact assessment in LCA, although it is recognized that different taxonomic groups should be used (de Baan et al., [@b6]; Souza et al., [@b95]). Vascular plants have been used in the assessment of the magnitude of land-use impacts (Müller-Wenk, [@b76]; Koellner, [@b54]; Weidema & Lindeijer, [@b106]; Vogtlaender et al., [@b104]; Michelsen, [@b73]; Schmidt, [@b92]), without further verification of the cross-taxon congruence/surrogacy of species diversity. Vascular plants have historically been used in land-use impact assessment in LCA mainly due to data availability (Schmidt, [@b92]) and the belief that they might correlate well with other species (Koellner, [@b54]; Weidema & Lindeijer, [@b106]; Vogtlaender et al., [@b104]), even though some authors argue that vascular plant species are an inappropriate surrogate indicator for biodiversity (Michelsen, [@b73]; Schmidt, [@b92]). Besides these issues, current discussions barely touch the importance of the choice of surrogate species. One complicating factor is that LCA requires models that can better represent a more globalized characterization of impacts, due to the global or cross-regional coverage of different production systems. Biodiversity dynamics: does it matter? -------------------------------------- In this section, we discuss the influence of ecological phenomena such as extinction debt and immigration credit on the assumptions of the impact assessment framework. We assess how compromising the disregard of related phenomena such as landscape interactions and species assemblage is to land-use impact assessment in LCA. The treatment of land interventions as being static, as in the current framework, is inadequate for reflecting changes in species diversity. In reality, these changes are not simply a result of the postponement of the recovery of land (occupation, LU), or a unique change in unit time (transformation, LUC), but the consequence of continuous anthropogenic activities and other environmental conditions, such as climate change. The land impacts that are considered do not reflect the cumulative effect of practices actually taking place. A fundamental issue with this model is that, for some land-use changes, extreme drops in the quality after land transformation are unrealistic if the metrics implemented refer to biodiversity (Kuussaari et al., [@b63]). With regard to species richness, and to use an extreme example, the conversion of land from natural vegetation to intensive agriculture will not instantaneously extinguish all local species and reduce the level of biodiversity as soon as the new land use takes effect. This concept of a delayed drop in quality (expressed in species diversity), and related temporary diversity surplus, is relevant to the issue because if losses are progressive and occupation is short enough, land-use impacts may be lower than expected. Conversely, if a patch of land is occupied over a relatively long period of time, the total impacts over time may lead to a threshold limit of biodiversity quality (Gibson et al., [@b43]) being met, leading to the collapse of the ecosystem. In this case, the difference between the initial and final steady-states should be higher. Documented examples show that extinction debts may persist for more than a century (Vellend et al., [@b103]; Cousins & Vanhoenacker, [@b20]), and this may lead to an underestimation of the potential impacts of land-use change on biodiversity. The ecological concepts of 'extinction debt' (Tilman et al., [@b96]) and 'immigration credit' (Jackson & Sax, [@b52]) were established to address the reasons why it is empirically observed that species levels decay at a slower rate than predicted by models. An immigration credit is the number of new species that immigrate to a certain area, following a disturbance, during a time elapsed (immigration lag) between the disturbing event and the establishment of the species (Jackson & Sax, [@b52]). The extinction debt is the time-delayed loss of species as a result of habitat destruction and fragmentation which may occur generations later in the undisturbed fragments that remained after destruction. A surplus in the number of species is observed, during a definite time (extinction lag), after a forcing event
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3601, 2427, 2806, 13, 285, 275, 253, 1072, 8164, 13, 253, 14959, 1339, 562, 271, 47055 ]	surfacing in his voice, "I don't like being drugged. I must have missed that part of the Patriot Act." "I know it's disorienting, but I'm afraid it was necessary," Neil said, his expression turning more serious. "Necessary? What's going on?" "That's why I'm here." Neil seated himself on the small couch and opened his briefcase. Brian sat on the floor, his back to the wall, listening as he put on a pair of socks. "I can't tell you everything that I'm sure you'll want to know," he continued, "mostly because it's classified. Believe me, I know that'll be frustrating for you, but you'll have to trust me." "Where are we, the Pentagon?" "No—their rooms have bars on them," Neil answered with a chuckle. "Then, where?" "That's one of the things I can't tell you—at least at this point. Everyone who's been brought here in the last few days as part of this project was brought under the same circumstances as you to maintain the secrecy of this location. You may be allowed to know eventually." Brian looked at him uneasily. "Brian," he said with a pause, "you're here at my specific request. I almost want to apologize to you for it, but I need you to be part of this assignment. This will introduce you to some of the details—although painfully few right now." Neil handed Brian a small folder. Brian took it and looked at the cover. Aside from his embossed name, there were only the words: " _Above Top Secret_." "Wow, this is cool." "I doubt if you'll think so in a few days. In fact, you'll probably ask me again what you're doing here, but for different reasons." "You know that if you need me, I'm here for as long as it's necessary." "Thanks, Brian. I knew that's what you'd say, but it's still a relief to hear it. You no doubt have noticed that your whole library is here with you." "Hard to tell in this landfill." "Sorry again, but things needed to be done quickly. We also took the liberty of backing up your entire hard drive and loading it onto this computer." "Was all that just for my sanity, or will I actually use the stuff? Bringing it all here tells me I'm not going anywhere for a while. Someone in Homeland Security need some Aramaic verbs parsed?" "Not exactly," Neil said, putting all five fingertips of each hand together. He was smiling, but Brian remembered his friend's habit. Neil was choosing his words carefully. "You've been chosen to be part of a team that will be working on a solution to a problem that will irreversibly change life as we know it—not only in the U.S., but all over the world." Brian couldn't disguise the amused look on his face. "I'm an Old Testament scholar, not a scientist." "It'll make sense after we get started. You need to realize that you've been given a very high security clearance, one that's necessary to even be admitted to this complex. There are a few items I need to go over with you because of that." "Such as?" "For starters, this is officially a military operation, so your access within the Facility—that's what we call it—is restricted to certain areas. The military often recruits outsiders like you for specific tasks, although such recruitment nearly always targets scientists. When the military does this, they like to break people in gradually, and always under an extremely careful watch. It's kind of a studied paranoia, really. Even though I have a fairly high government position, I'm still a civilian, and it's taken some of the people associated with this project a good deal of time to get used to having any civilian participation at all." "Aren't we all on the same side?" asked Brian. "Of course, but the military and the government are just like the business or academic worlds. There's a lot of internal competition, even mistrust among colleagues. Rivalries, petty grudges, office politics—they're all part of the picture." "I see... anything else?" Neil looked at Brian pensively. The fingertips again. "Yes. I feel pretty confident saying that your faith will be tested more severely than it has been up to this point... even with your circumstances." His voice trailed off as he broke eye contact. "Why is that?" A sense of apprehension crept over Brian. He wondered how his friend could be so sure. "To be honest," Neil began anew, "you'll hear things... learn of things that will make you wonder about God's interest in our world... and about whether God is really who we thought He was." And there will be signs in sun, moon, and stars... Then will appear in heaven the sign of the Son of Man, and then all the tribes of the earth will mourn, and they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven with power and great glory. — _Luke 21:25; Matthew 24:30, the Bible_ The solitary priest gazed intently at the computer screen, his face glowing eerily, reflecting its soft light. The library at Castel Gandolfo had been closed for hours, dutifully locked down and completely dark, save for the exit lights, as his duties required each night. But, as on many other occasions, the silence and solitude proved irresistible. His days consumed with helping scholars find information, he coveted the time to pursue his own avocation. Astronomy had been the mistress of his mind for many years, but on this occasion, the rapture that always filled him as he searched the heavens, even from his desktop, had slowly and inexorably passed through stages of amused curiosity, unexpected unease, and now a mounting dread. It was human nature to fear the unknown; but now the known had opened the door to terror. Father Mantello stroked his beard nervously as he watched the simulation again, as he had dozens of times before, still hoping that what he now knew to be true was somehow incorrect. _Perchè se lo siete disturbato, Benedict!_ He couldn't help questioning the priest who had put him on this trail, but it was half-hearted. He loved Father Benedict, who was more than twenty years his senior, and agreed with his cause, at least as he understood it. Who better for Benedict to put his question than his trusted friend, who happened to be the librarian at the Vatican Observatory in Rome? He had access to hundreds of ancient astronomical manuscripts collected over centuries and knew how to read the heavens. At first he could not believe his comrade's request was serious. He should have known. Benedict did nothing in jest. He took the photocopied pages of the Talmudic passages Benedict had sent him, along with the hand-copied facsimiles of the Greek and Latin codices he had discovered in his pursuit of an answer to the question asked of him, and retranslated them at sight, pressing again for some nuance that would help him escape the evidence. He hit the now-memorized keystrokes one more time and watched the time move forward into the future at monthly intervals, the constellations and star clusters performing the dance composed aeons ago by their celestial choreographer. The dénouement was the same, as he knew it would be. _This cannot be real._ It was simply impossible that the Christian question of the ages had been literally over his head and at his fingertips since he had begun to serve the Holy See in this place. _The Lord Jesus couldn't have literally meant what he said... could he?_ He paused, seeking courage and wisdom for a course of action. He would not tell Benedict without independent confirmation. He would ask a colleague to check his work, but who? After a few moments his mind cleared. Though they had only met online, he knew who his guide must be and just how he could be contacted to safeguard such sensitive material. He kissed the small cross dangling from his neck, closed his eyes, and blessed God that he had been allowed to know such secrets and had been given a friend with whom to share them. His head still bowed, he prayed for protection. _Sancte Michael Archangele, defende nos in proelio; contra nequitiam et insidias diaboli esto praesidium. Imperat illi Deus; supplices deprecamur. Amen._ Father Mantello quickly saved his work, opened the embedding software he and his associate had used before, converted the file, and uploaded it to the observatory's website. He opened his email account and jerked to a stop. He peered over the top of his computer, then scanned the darkened library. He shook off the sense of being watched and typed a terse missive: _Silent One_ , _Castel Gandolfo is beautiful this time of year. I sent you a good envelope today. Tell me what you think of it._ _God be with us all_. _Mantello._ The astronomer priest sent his message and closed his programs. He watched the screen as the computer cycled through its shutdown. The screen went black, and in the same instant, the priest let out an audible
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III. Initially since the particles are initialized near the origin $(0,0)$, the ensemble drifts towards the positive $x$-direction and exhibit the same dynamics as in the setup II. As a result, the transport velocity is initially positive till the first current reversal occurs at $t_{r1}=3.1\times 10^3 T$ and then continues to be negative until $t\simeq 4.6 \times 10^3T$. Thereafter, the particle dynamics undergo another conversion process due to which the transport velocity is reversed again. Unlike the situation in setup II, the particles in the setup III moving ballistically with negative $v_x$ after $t=t_{r1}$ can not keep moving through the lattice $V_B$ for all longer timescales. Instead at some point, they interact with the lattice $V_{G2}$ in the region $-10^4<x<-5\times 10^3$. Due to the high kinetic energy of the particles (since $\|v_x\|\gtrsim 6$), some of them can pass through the region and continue their ballistic flights for longer timescales through the lattice $V_B$. This can be seen from the asymptotic ensemble distribution projected on to the 2D PSOS in Fig. \[fig3\]b, showing that even at $t=t_f$ a considerable fraction of the ensemble moves with $v_x\lesssim -6$. However, once a particle enters the region $-10^4<x<-5\times 10^3$, its dynamics is no longer confined to the region $v_x\lesssim -6$ of the 2D PSOS and can explore the different regions of the 5D phase space. Hence most of the particles attain $v_x>0$ which in turn allow them to cross the right edge of the lattice $V_{G2}$ at $x=-5\times 10^3$ back into the region $-5\times 10^3<x<5\times 10^3$ where only the lattice $V_B$ is present. After crossing to this region, these particles can either belong to the chaotic sea or to the invariant spanning curves with velocity higher than the FISC at $v_x\simeq 10$ of the 2D PSOS in Fig. \[fig2\]a. The particles with $v_x\gtrsim 10$ perform unidirectional ballistic flights in the positive $x$-direction. Due to their significantly higher kinetic energy, these particles are not ‘reflected’ further by the lattice $V_{G1}$ in the region $5\times 10^3 <x<10^4$; instead, after crossing this region, they continue moving ballistically through the lattice $V_B$ with $v_x\gtrsim 10$. This can be observed from the significant distribution of particles with $v_x\gtrsim 10$ in Fig. \[fig3\]b at $t=t_f$. As the velocities of more and more particles undergo the conversion from $v_x\lesssim -6$ to $v_x\gtrsim 10$, the transport velocity increases steadily after $t\simeq 4.6 \times 10^3T$, leading to a second current reversal at $t=t_{r2}=5.6 \times 10^3 T$ (Fig. \[fig1\]b). On the other hand, the particles in the chaotic layer would eventually again encounter the lattices $V_{G1}$ or $V_{G2}$ so that their chaotic dynamics is eventually converted to ballistic motion either with $v_x\gtrsim 10$ or with $v_x\lesssim -6$. Due to the overall higher number of particles moving asymptotically with $v_x\gtrsim 10$ compared to those with $v_x\lesssim -6$ (see Fig. \[fig3\]b), the asymptotic transport velocity is $\bar{v}_x\simeq 4.7$. Experimental realization {#experiment} ======================== Our scheme of multiple current reversal can be experimentally realized using cold atoms or colloids with optical lattices [@Brown_PRA_Ratchet_Effect_2008; @Renzoni__Driven_Ratchets_2009; @Arzola_PRL_Experimental_Control_2011] and lattices designed using holographic trapping techniques [@Barredo_S_Atombyatom_Assembler_2016; @Kim_NC_Situ_Singleatom_2016; @Nogrette_PRX_SingleAtom_Trapping_2014; @Stuart_NJP_Singleatom_Trapping_2018; @Arzola_PRL_Omnidirectional_Transport_2017]. The background lattice can be formed by 2D optical lattices where the periodic potential is generated by counterpropagating laser beams of perpendicular polarization. The spatially localized lattices of 2D Gaussian barriers can be obtained by reflecting a linearly polarized laser beam onto a spatial light modulator (SLM) displaying a computer generated hologram. The external driving force can be realized using a piezo-modulator [@Arzola_PRL_Omnidirectional_Transport_2017]. Translating our parameters to experimentally relevant quantities for an optical lattice setup with cold rubidium (Rb$^{87}$) atoms and $780\ nm$ lasers, we obtain the lattice height $\tilde{V}_B \sim 5 E_r$, the width $\frac{1}{\sqrt{\alpha}}\sim 350\ nm$, the driving frequency $\omega \sim \omega_r$ and the driving amplitude $a \sim 0.003\ E_r/nm$, where $E_r$ and $\omega_r$ are the recoil energy and recoil frequency of the atom respectively. The timescales of the current reversals can be controlled by the spatial locations of the two lattices of Gaussian barriers. Further away the lattices are from the origin, i.e. near the initial location of the ensemble, the larger would be the reversal timescales. In contrast to Brownian ratchets, our mechanism does not depend on noise and operates in the purely Hamiltonian regime. The effect of weak noise typical for ratchet experiments with cold atoms and underdamped colloids [@Cubero_PRE_Current_Reversals_2010; @Hanggi_RMP_Artificial_Brownian_2009] represent minor fluctuations of the average velocity of the ensemble and this does not affect the functionality of the current reversal mechanism. Interaction and disorder have been shown to enhance accumulation of particles within the regular regions of the phase space [@Liebchen_NJP_Interaction_Induced_2015; @Liebchen_NJP_Interactioninduced_Currentreversals_2012; @Wulf_PRL_Disorder_Induced_2014], which would aid the conversion of chaotic to ballistic dynamics of particles. This would possibly decrease the reversal timescales. Brief conclusions {#conclusion} ================= We provide a scheme to realize time dependent multiple reversals of directed transport in a two dimensional driven lattice setup by superimposing ‘spatially localized lattices’ on top of a ‘global background lattice’. In contrast to most other current reversal schemes, the reversal of transport here occurs dynamically and the timescales of reversal can be controlled by controlling the spatial location of the localized lattices. The scheme is generic in the sense that the only requirement is a mixed phase space corresponding to the underlying background lattice and hence can be applied to a variety of physical systems, for e.g, cold atoms and colloids. NOT FOR PUBLICATION UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FILED FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT FEB 06 2012 MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK RICHARD E. SHREVES, No. 10-35637 U.S. COURT OF APPEALS Petitioner - Appellant, D.C. No. 6:10-cv-00019-DWM v. MEMORANDUM* STATE OF MONTANA, Respondent - Appellee. Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Montana Donald W. Molloy, District Judge, Presiding Argued and Submitted January 11, 2012 Seattle, Washington Before: TASHIMA, GRABER, and RAWLINSON, Circuit Judges. Petitioner Richard E. Shreves appeals the district court’s summary dismissal of his 28 U.S.C. § 2254 habeas petition. Reviewing de novo, Cooper v. Neven, 641 F.3d 322, 326 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 132 S. Ct. 558 (2011), we reverse and remand with instructions that the district court order a response from Respondent State of Montana and direct Respondent to file a copy of the state-court record. * This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3. 1. The district court erred in summarily dismissing Petitioner’s claim of ineffective assistance of counsel. Summary dismissal is appropriate only "[i]f it plainly appears from the petition and any attached exhibits that the petitioner is not entitled to relief." 28 U.S.C. § 2254 pt. VI, ch. 153, Rule 4. In the petition, Petitioner alleges that his lawyer failed to investigate whether Petitioner was taking his psychotropic medications and, if so, the effects of those medications,
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Virginia Madsen is a very talented and experienced actress who has starred in roles such as Candyman, Sideways, Joy, American Gothic, Designated Survivor and more. Donate to Voices for Puerto Rico!! Voices for Puerto Rico (Voces por Puerto Rico) is a nationwide grassroots humanitarian and nonpartisan initiative by Puerto Rican artists and influencers residing in the US to support rural and/or disconnected local communities affected in Puerto Rico by natural disasters and economic challenges. Actor and Photographer Nick Holmes is donating all the proceeds from sales of his Little Black Book. It’s a collection of portraits of more than 90 beautiful women, many you’ll recognize, shot by him over the past few years. Order one. Order ten. Give it a gift. Whatever. All the profits go to #voicesforpuertorico or don’t buy one at all and just donate right to them. Let’s help however we can. Here’s the link to buy the book: http://www.blurb.com/b/8223619-little-black-book Next Post Virginia Madsen A cool, classic beauty with a vibrant blonde mane and an exuberant flair for the dramatic, Virginia Madsen is one of Hollywood's most versatile and unique actresses. Not only did she received amazing reviews for her Academy Award and Golden Globe nominated performance in Alexander Payne's hit film, Sideways, but this Independent Spirit Award-winning actress has an illustrious resume of roles alongside the most notable and respected actors in the business. Swamp Thing Virginia as Maria Sunderland2019 \| Fantasy, Horror, Sci-Fi The series will be based on the popular DC Comics character. Swamp Thing follows Abby Arcane as she investigates what seems to be a deadly swamp-born virus in a small town in Louisiana but soon discovers that the swamp holds mystical and terrifying secrets. When unexplainable and chilling horrors emerge from the murky marsh, no one is safe. This is the Official Website of actress and producer Virginia Madsen therefore is endorsed, approved and visited by herself. This Website is maintained solely by her Webmistress. All original material on this site should be considered copyrighted, owned by Virginia Madsen and reserved for usage only with written permission. All rights are reserved. All graphics and content were made exclusively for this website, please do not reproduce. Absolutely no copyright infringement is intended and all content is copyright of it's original owner. Virginia Madsen is repped by UTA and Untitled. Please contact the Webmistress for any inquiries.Sinup, a novel Siaz-interacting nuclear protein, modulates neural plate formation in the zebrafish embryos. Siah, the vertebrate homologue of the Drosophila seven in absentia (sina) gene, is well conserved from Drosophila to mammal and involved in ubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation of various target proteins. To identify cellular proteins interacting with Siah, we screened a zebrafish cDNA library with zebrafish Siah (Siaz) as bait in a yeast two-hybrid assay. We identified a cDNA encoding a novel protein composed of 145 amino acids and termed it as Sinup (Siaz-interacting-nuclear-protein). Sinup is a novel nuclear protein that binds to the highly conserved C-terminal protein-interacting domain of Siaz both in vivo and in vitro. During development, sinup transcripts are abundant from the one-cell stage to the early blastula and then markedly diminished, suggesting sinup largely exists as maternal transcripts. sinup overexpression induced lateral expansion of the neural plate and in consequence caused ectopic expression of otx-2 and hoxb1b during the late gastrula stage. In addition, the lateral/paraxial expression of wnt8 at the onset of gastrulation is suppressed by the forced expression of sinup while the expression levels of various dorso-ventral markers are unaffected. In contrast, interfering with sinup functions using sinup morpholino oligonucleotides gradually diminished the anterior neuroectoderm from the posterior region, and resulted in compete loss of hindbrain at the 3-somites stage. Our report suggests that sinup expression should be tightly regulated during early embryonic development for the proper neural plate formation.;****************************************************************************** ;* SIMD-optimized JPEG2000 DSP functions ;* Copyright (c) 2014 Nicolas Bertrand ;* Copyright (c) 2015 James Almer ;* ;* This file is part of FFmpeg. ;* ;* FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or ;* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public ;* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either ;* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. ;* ;* FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, ;* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of ;* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU ;* Lesser General Public License for more details. ;* ;* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public ;* License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software ;* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA ;**************************************************************************** %include "libavutil/x86/x86util.asm" SECTION_RODATA 32 pf_ict0: times 8 dd 1.402 pf_ict1: times 8 dd 0.34413 pf_ict2: times 8 dd 0.71414 pf_ict3: times 8 dd 1.772 SECTION .text ;********************************************************************* ; ff_ict_float_<opt>(float src0, float src1, float src2, int csize) ;********************************************************************** %macro ICT_FLOAT 1 cglobal ict_float, 4, 4, %1, src0, src1, src2, csize shl csized, 2 add src0q, csizeq add src1q, csizeq add src2q, csizeq neg csizeq movaps m6, [pf_ict0] movaps m7, [pf_ict1] %define ICT0 m6 %define ICT1 m7 %if ARCH_X86_64 movaps m8, [pf_ict2] %define ICT2 m8 %if cpuflag(avx) movaps m3, [pf_ict3] %define ICT3 m3 %else movaps m9, [pf_ict3] %define ICT3 m9 %endif %else ; ARCH_X86_32 %define ICT2 [pf_ict2] %if cpuflag(avx) movaps m3, [pf_ict3] %define ICT3 m3 %else %define ICT3 [pf_ict3] %endif %endif ; ARCH align 16 .loop: movaps m0, [src0q+csizeq] movaps m1, [src1q+csizeq] movaps m2, [src2q+csizeq] %if cpuflag(fma4) \|\| cpuflag(fma3) %if cpuflag(fma4) fnmaddps m5, m1, ICT1, m0 fmaddps m4, m2, ICT0, m0 %else ; fma3 movaps m5, m1 movaps m4, m2 fnmaddps m5, m5, ICT1, m0 fmaddps m4, m4, ICT0, m0 %endif fmaddps m0, m1, ICT3, m0 fnmaddps m5, m2, ICT2, m5 %else ; non FMA %if cpuflag(avx) mulps m5, m1, ICT1 mulps m4, m2, ICT0 mulps m1, m1, ICT3 mulps m2, m2, ICT2 subps m5, m0, m5 %else ; sse movaps m3, m1 movaps m4, m2 movaps m5, m0 mulps m3, ICT1 mulps m4, ICT0 mulps m1, ICT3 mulps m2, ICT2 subps m5, m3 %endif addps m4, m4, m0 addps m0, m0, m1 subps m5, m5, m2 %endif movaps [src0
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12685, 13, 6146, 273, 253, 309, 633, 406, 337 ]	, and accounted for anisotropy. The best model for each variable was chosen based on their root-mean-squared-standardized values (closest value to 1). Natural breaks (Jenks) were used to classify the interpolated values into categories. These models were computed using the Geostatistical Analyst Wizard. Results and discussion {#sec003} ====================== Isotopic baseline of the sGoM surface sediment {#sec004} ---------------------------------------------- The first objective of this study was to determine baselines and trends in the isotopic composition of sedimentary organic matter across the sGoM. Surface sediment of all samples range in δ^13^C values from -22.4‰ to -19.9‰ ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}) and have an average value of -21.2 ± 0.6‰ (standard deviation; n = 73), while Δ^14^C values range from -337.1‰ to -69.2‰ ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), and have an average of -164.6 ± 54.0‰ (n = 72). Surface sediment of all samples range in δ^15^N values from 2.8‰ to 7.2‰ ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), and have an average of 4.7 ± 0.9‰ (n = 66). The %C on a carbonate-free basis range in value from 0.65% to 3.89% ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), and average 1.45 ± 0.59% (n = 66), while %N range in value from 0.09% to 0.49% ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), with an average of 0.18 ± 0.07% (n = 66). In a data set consisting of only surface sediments from the multicores (0--1 cm section), δ^13^C values range from -22.2‰ to -19.9‰ ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), with an average of -21.0 ± 0.6‰ (n = 41), while Δ^14^C range in value from -337.1‰ to -69.2‰ ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), with an average of -164.3 ± 63.1‰ (n = 41). δ^15^N range in value from 3.7‰ to 5.3‰ ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), and average 4.6 ± 0.4‰ (n = 37). %C range in value from 0.95% to 3.89% ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), with an average of 1.57 ± 0.58% (n = 37), while %N range in value from 0.14% to 0.49% ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), with an average of 0.20 ± 0.07% (n = 37). Due to the lack of differences, determined by T-test, in the average %C, Δ^14^C and δ^15^N values and only slight significant differences for δ^13^C and %N values (0.33‰ and 0.04%, respectively) when examining all surface sediment samples vs. only multicore (0--1 cm section) samples, we treated all samples as being representative of surficial sediment. The isoscape map of δ^13^C surface sediment organic carbon values indicates the dominance of marine production with some terrestrial inputs in the nearshore. The map reveals more δ^13^C depleted areas in the south (Bay of Campeche) and towards the Laguna de Terminos ([Fig 1](#pone.0231678.g001){ref-type="fig"} area G). This area is described as a transitional area with terrigenous clastic sediments found west of the Yucatan shelf, along the continental shelf, and biogenic carbonate deposits located on the Yucatan shelf \[[@pone.0231678.ref046], [@pone.0231678.ref047]\]. Depleted δ^13^C areas are observed along the coast, west-south-west of the Ixtoc 1 site (reference location) where three major rivers terminate into the sGoM (Grijalva-Usumacinta, Coatzacoalcos, Papaloapan; [Fig 1](#pone.0231678.g001){ref-type="fig"} areas F, E & D). Depleted δ^13^C areas are also observed along the coast from north of Tampico ([Fig 1](#pone.0231678.g001){ref-type="fig"} area C) to the Texas coastline by Corpus Christi ([Fig 1](#pone.0231678.g001){ref-type="fig"} area A). More enriched δ^13^C areas are observed offshore, in deeper water. Soto and Escobar-Briones \[[@pone.0231678.ref048]\] determined that the food web of the inner shelf mostly receives estuarine input while the food web of the middle and outer shelf receives marine carbon sources. The δ^13^C isoscape map is similar to a map of chlorophyll concentration from a 2015 satellite imagery ([Fig 2](#pone.0231678.g002){ref-type="fig"}; \[[@pone.0231678.ref049]\]). This particular chlorophyll map is generally representative of chlorophyll at other times in the GoM. Higher concentrations of chlorophyll (0.8 to 5.0 mg/m^3^) are generally observed along the Mexican and Texas coast, with the highest concentrations (\~3--5 mg/m^3^) occurring mostly from the Coatzacoalcos River to the Yucatan shelf, which encompasses the area of some of the most depleted δ^13^C sediments in our study area. The higher chlorophyll areas are likely related to terrestrial nutrient inputs. The surface sediment δ^13^C depletion is likely the result of depleted terrestrial carbon input from river flow or estuarine production added to marine production, rather than due to a δ^13^C induced response to enhanced rates of primary production in the open GoM. Enhanced primary production would likely result in the enrichment of δ^13^C of primary producers because at higher photosynthetic rates less isotopic fractionation occurs with respect to dissolved inorganic carbon during carbon fixation. In addition, enhanced nutrient concentration can result in larger phytoplankton cells which are also associated with increasing δ^13^C enrichment \[[@pone.0231678.ref050]--[@pone.0231678.ref053]\]. ![Map of chlorophyll (mg/m^3^) in the Gulf of Mexico from August 9 to 15, 2015.\ Reprinted from the USF optical oceanography lab under a CC BY license, with permission from Chuanmin Hu, original copyright 2015.](pone.0231678.g002){#pone.0231678.g002} A related spatial trend is observed on the Δ^14^C isoscape map ([Fig 3](#pone.0231678.g003){ref-type="fig"}). The area surrounding the Ixtoc 1 blowout site and towards the Laguna de Terminos consists of more modern, Δ^14^C enriched carbon, likely influenced by the Laguna de Terminos estuarine production ([Fig 3](#pone.0231678.g003){ref-type="fig"} area G) and the Grijalva-Usumacinta Rivers ([Fig 3](#pone.0231678.g003){ref-type="fig"} area F), while offshore areas are more depleted in Δ^14^C. The two most depleted sites (\# 68; IXNW1600 and \# 73; 2392) are located in water depths greater than 3000 m. These areas likely experience slower sedimentation rates and slower input rates of photosynthetically fixed marine material delivered from the surface. Areas of Δ^14^C depletion are also observed along the coastline between the Papaloapan River and Panuco River ([Fig 3](#pone.0231678.g003){ref-type="fig"} area D and C) where relatively low surface water chlorophyll appears in the satellite image ([Fig 2](#pone.0231678.g002){ref-type="fig"}). ![Map displaying the spatial trend of Δ^14^C values analyzed from 72 surface sediment samples.\ Landmark legend can be viewed on [Fig 1](#pone.0231678.g001){ref-type="fig"}.](pone.0231678.g003){#pone.0231678.g003} The isoscape map of δ^15^N in surface sediments reveals a latitudinal trend with more depleted δ^15^N areas observed around the Ixtoc 1 blowout site and the outputs of the three major rivers (Grijalva-Usumacinta, Coatzacoalcos, Papaloapan) and more enriched δ^15^N areas in the deeper waters, north of the Ixtoc 1
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The thinking probably goes, “well if Selig is in, he’s just as culpable as the players, so i’m now voting for Bonds/Clemens). With my imaginary ballot, here’s how i’d vote. Since there’s a (ridiculous) limit of 10 players per ballot, I’ll list these players in rough order of voting priority to start: New Ballot Candidates: Absolute Yes on Ivan Rodriguez, Manny Ramirez (and with Pudge, the first “Nationals” connected player to make it!) Why support Hoffman but not Smith and Wagner? Probably a fair question and probably not supported by stats when you compare all three guys together. But that’s why its the “Hall of Fame” and not the “Hall of WAR” or the “Hall of Stats.” Hoffman was more famous than these other relievers. I always viewed Smith as a good-but-not-great reliever who compiled stats, and I viewed Wagner as an electric and under-rated closer without near the career accomplishments of Hoffman. Why support McGriff/Guerrero but not Walker? You can make the argument that Walker’s numbers were a product of Colorado … and you can make the alternative argument too. I think for me the fact that Walker couldn’t reach even 400 homers while playing in the launching pad in Denver is an indictment of his career. Walker was a fine hitter … but he never inspired the league wide “fear” that Guerrero and McGriff did. He’s in the “Hall of Good” but not the “Hall of Fame” for me. Also it is worth noting that McGriff finished his career with 493 homers, but missed months out of the 1994 season at his peak. Had he eclipsed 500 homers … i think we’re having a different conversation about him. These artificial numbers (300, 3000, 500) are pretty important to voters. Guerrero himself was for a time absolutely “the best player in the game,” a title that I don’t think Walker can come close to claimin. Why support Bonds and Ramirez but not Sosa? Something about Sosa’s career just screams “artificial.” He went from being a 35-home run hitter to a 66-home run hitter overnight, he has PED suspisions and a corked bat on his resume, and his skills disappeared as soon as testing became the norm. So that gives me 6 “Yes” votes and another 6 less emphatic “yes” votes. So i’d have to cull two candidates to fit onto a 10-person ballot. I’d cut Schilling just on principle for the ridiculousness of his statements lately, and Hoffman on general anti-closer principles. So my hypothetical ballot is: My prediction on who actually gets elected? Well, of course the PED issue comes into play. So three or four of my “Yesses” are going to struggle to get votes. So i’m guessing that the likes of Pudge and Manny don’t get 1st ballot votes, and Clemens/Bonds will continues to struggle. But based on there being three candidates that got pretty close last year, i’m going to guess that its a 3-man roster for 2017: Raines, Bagwell and Hoffman. And that’s a fine class. The tracker is showing Raines, Bagwell and Rodriguez well in the 75% range, with Bonds, Clemens, Hoffman and Guerrero in the 70-75% range. Which means that they’ll likely fall short in the end, since the non-public ballots are usually more parsimonious and more narrative-driven. Hoffman has enough of a narrative to perhaps maintain his 75% range though, so i’m putting him in first ballot (whether or not you think he deserves it). One great change coming to HoFame balloting; no more secret ballots. Every idiot who has a ballot and turns in something nonsensical will now have to answer for his vote in the court of public opinion. Which I think is a great thing; no more sanctimonious votes preventing deserving players from getting their due. Is Virginia Native Justin Verlander the best ever player from the State? Photo unknown via rumorsandrants.com Recently, I read a pundit who talked about how a huge percentage of baseball prospects come from relatively few states; California (mostly Southern California at that), Texas, Florida and Georgia. The Baseball America guys once talked about an “All North Carolina” team and how good it would be (BA is based in Durham, NC). It got me thinking: how good of a team could you put together of prospects with ties to Virginia? Having grown up in Virginia and having had the opportunity to play with and against a number of guys with pro ties over the years, I thought it’d be interesting to put together the “All Virginia Team.” Using mostly the handy Baseball-reference pages, I looked up players who were either born in Virginia, went to a Virginia-based high school, or played baseball at one of Virginia’s universities. There’s also the fantastic Baseball Cube website (www.thebaseballcube.com) that has very in-depth player databases searchable by high schools that shows every player on a professional or NCAA team by school, which sometimes has better records than B-R.com. The players here had to be active in the Majors in 2012, though as it turned out there’s enough guys with Virginia ties to make a full starting team. Feedback is welcome. Ok, so we’re a little weak up the middle. Zimmerman played SS in college but I can’t find a legitimate shortstop out there. Rhymes was just signed by the Nats to a minor league deal and isn’t likely to make the opening day 25-man roster save for injury. Inge hasn’t caught regularly in a few years. But how about the hitting prowness of this lineup? BJ Upton-Cuddyer-Zimmerman-Wright-Justin Upton-Reynolds is a pretty powerful group. Coincidentally, I put in Kratz because I find it amazing that someone who played baseball at Eastern Mennonite is actually in the big leagues. By B-R’s records, he’s the SOLE alumni of that university to have ever even played professional baseball. Backup starters: Danny Hultzen (born and raised in Bethesda, college at UVA); an exception to my “active in 2012” rule but clearly the most high-profile tied-to-Virginia prospect in the game right now. John Maine (born in Fredericksburg, HS in Stafford) had a decent stint starting for the Mets, but he’s yet to get back to the majors after a shoulder surgery in 2010). A pretty good 1-2 punch, including arguably the best pitcher in the game. Hudson has some potential. Saunders is more of an innings eater lefty, but he’s made a pretty good career for himself already. Stauffer had elbow surgery in August 2012 and probably isn’t ready for opening day, but he’s the best I could find. Not bad depth here; I suppose Marshall could close, Bray be the loogy, Camp be an 8th inning guy, Eppley a 7th inning type and the rest be middle men. I like how Sean Camp was born, raised, went to high school and played baseball in college without ever leaving Fairfax. Other random Virginia School trivia: What’s the best producing college in Virginia? Pretty easily its UVA, with 117 pro players in B-R’s database and 30 guys reaching the majors. Virginia Tech, ODU, Richmond and VCU are all grouped a bit behind UVA in terms of pro player development. Amazingly little Liberty University has matriculated 59 players to the pro ranks. At current, UVA has 6 active alumni in the majors. William & Mary, ODU and Richmond have 2 each, and a slew of lesser baseball-playing universities have one each (all of which are mentioned above). What’s the best producing High School in Virginia? Pretty clearly the high schools in the Virginia Beach/Chesapeake area have been producing some serious baseball talent lately, but even the Upton brothers ended up going to different high schools. Both Virginia HS in Bristol and First Colonial HS in Virginia Beach list 8 pro player alumni with 2 pros each. Closer to home in Northern Virginia: Garfield has 7 total players with Pro experience in the database, 3 of which have MLB experience. Robinson HS in Fairfax has 6 pros/3 MLB experience. Fairfax HS also has the same; 6 pros, 3 with MLB experience. Of course, these numbers pale in comparison to some of the baseball factories in the major baseball-producing states Florida and California. Hillsborough HS in Tampa boasts 41 pro alumni and 10 with MLB experience, including Gary Sheffield, Dwight Gooden, Carl Everett and our own Elijah Dukes. Lakewood HS in Orange county has 57 pro alumni and 12 MLB experienced players, though not nearly of the name quality of Hillsborough’s graduates. Sarasota HS in Florida also boasts 57 pro player alumni, 14 MLB pros including our own Ian Desmond. There’s a HS in Oakland called McClymonds that has two Hall of Fame alumni (Frank Robinson and Ernie Lombardi), a host of other famous names from 60s and 70s but which hasn’t generated a pro player since the mid 1970s
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Soit qu'elle contractât avec les cités fédérées ou d'autres villes des conventions de droit privé international (δίϰαι άπὸ συμбόλων), soit qu'elle s'en tînt à des relations réglées par la coutume, elle cherchait à faire prévaloir ce principe de droit consulaire, que le demandeur devait plaider dans la ville du défendeur . Mais, comme les Athéniens en étaient les mauvais marchands , ils se virent obligés de restreindre l'application de ce principe, en exigeant que pour tout contrat conclu à Athènes le tribunal athénien fût seul compétent . Poussant jusqu'au bout la politique d'unification, Athènes prétendit imposer à l'empire son système de poids, mesures et monnaies. D'elles-mêmes, les petites villes avaient cessé, des leur entrée dans la confédération, de frapper d'autres pièces que le billon nécessaire au marché local. Plusieurs grandes villes coupables de défection se virent enlever une prérogative attachée à la souveraineté. En fait, les « chouettes » du Laurion étaient à peu près les seules monnaies d'argent que les matelots de la flotte rapportaient dans les villes et que les villes renvoyaient sous forme de tribut ; le talent et le pied attiques étaient familiers aux marchands de tous les ports. Un décret, proposé par un nommé Cléarchos, prescrivit à toutes les cités de l'empire l'usage exclusif des étalons athéniens et leur fit défense de frapper de la monnaie d'argent. Il faut croire que le décret rencontra des résistances sérieuses, car il en fallut un second (avant 420) pour ordonner aux particuliers d'échanger l'argent étranger contre de l'argent attique . Par ce complet mépris de tout ce qui rappelait l'autonomie, l'empire d'Athènes parut à ses sujets une tyrannie. Les Athéniens étaient les premiers à le dire ; ils justifiaient leur politique en invoquant avec Périclès les services qu'ils avaient rendus et continuaient de rendre, ou bien en déclarant avec la brutalité d'un Cléon que, sur la voie où l'on était engagé, il n'y avait plus à revenir en arrière, mais à briser tous les obstacles. Et ainsi, les cités qui s'étaient unies pour assurer leur liberté se sentaient asservies, et un Athénien pouvait s'indigner qu'on les traitât comme esclaves à la meule . Elles payaient tribut pour embellir Athènes et enrichir sa déesse. Elles étaient obligées d'envoyer des délégués aux Dionysies pour y apporter la somme exigée, aux Panathénées pour offrir des victimes au prix fort, aux fêtes d'Éleusis pour consacrer aux déesses les prémices de la récolte annuelle . Elles étaient maintenues dans le droit chemin de la démocratie, contraintes à l'obéissance et à la fidélité par les archers et les hoplites qui campaient sur leur acropole, par les trières qui stationnaient dans leur port, par les clèrouques établis par milliers sur leur sol. Le mécontentement couvait dans toutes les parties de l'empire. Longtemps il fut impuissant : à des cités isolées, séparées par de grandes distances, tout effort collectif était impossible contre les maîtres de la mer. Enfin les Spartiates donnèrent le signal de la grande lutte contre Athènes ; dès le premier jour ils proclamèrent la guerre de délivrance. De fait, l'empire devait succomber moins encore sous les attaques furieuses dirigées du dehors que par le travail de sape exécuté sans relâche par les ennemis de l'intérieur. L'autonomie se vengeait d'une centralisation odieuse pour des Grecs. Elle était tellement intraitable, cette autonomie des petites cités, qu'elle n'admettait même pas aussi facilement qu'on pourrait le croire la solidarité internationale des partis. Cléon ne comprend pas qu'on distingue, parmi les Mytiléniens rebelles, les démocrates des oligarques : pour lui, ils sont tous également coupables . Et, quand on demande au peuple athénien, par mesure de salut public, de permettre aux villes alliées un changement de constitution dans le sens oligarchique, Phrynichos s'y oppose. À quoi bon ? « Ce ne serait ni un motif de soumission pour les cités révoltées, ni un gage de fidélité pour celles qui nous restent ; car, plutôt que d'être esclaves de l'oligarchie ou de la démocratie, elles préfèrent être libres sous n'importe lequel de ces gouvernements . » Pourtant l'impérialisme des Athéniens n'était que prématuré et ne fut pas inutile. La grande faute d'Athènes – faute inévitable à cette époque – est de n'avoir pas compris que, si elle faisait brèche dans le droit des autres cités, elle devait leur ouvrir largement le sien. Sous le coup de la défaite, des esprits audacieux y songèrent ; mais il était déjà trop tard, et l'on attendit encore les désastres suprêmes pour faire une application exceptionnelle et désespérée d'une idée que Rome un jour rendra si féconde . Telle quelle, la tentative de Périclès et de ses successeurs a eu de grands résultats, non pas seulement pour Athènes, qui n'aurait pas laissé un si grand nom, si elle n'avait pas été la capitale d'un si grand empire, mais pour l'empire lui-même et pour toute la Grèce. Ce sont les vices du système qui attirent toujours l'attention, parce que les anciens n'ont jamais vu et qu'à leur suite les modernes ne regardent guère que le côté politique des événements. Mais à d'autres points de vue, et même à celui-là, l'empire athénien a rendu les plus grands services en créant de précieux éléments d'unité. Par l'intermédiaire des cités confédérées, la démocratie a, malgré tout, fourni à l'ensemble des Grecs un modèle qui n'a plus cessé de s'imposer. Grâce au libéralisme commercial auquel les Athéniens ne renonçaient en pleine guerre que pour assurer leur subsistance et se procurer des matériaux de construction navale, le bassin de la Méditerranée constituait un marché unique dont l'exploitation n'enrichissait pas seulement le Pirée . Et puis, tous ces alliés qui venaient chaque année aux représentations des Grandes Dionysies et aux processions des Panathénées rapportaient chez eux et répandaient partout le goût d'une littérature et d'un art supérieurs. Enfin, de même que la France vaincue en 1815 a laissé à ses vainqueurs le code Napoléon, Athènes, avant d'être écrasée, avait répandu chez les confédérés qu'elle traînait devant ses tribunaux les principes de sa législation, si bien que beaucoup d'entre eux adoptèrent pour toujours, non pas seulement la technique de son droit, mais ses principes de liberté et de responsabilité personnelles . Ainsi, par la domination qu'elle exerça pendant trois quarts de siècle, Athènes fit beaucoup pour l'unification politique et économique, intellectuelle et juridique de la race grecque.
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17451, 45096, 13, 7654, 980, 13, 285, 2661, 74, 15, 11928, 5305, 476, 1361, 281, 1980, 907, 253, 45644, 17451, 84, 285, 3653, 253, 12147, 273, 10171, 15, 308, 18, 285, 308, 19, 56, 6430, 10313, 253, 39897, 23322, 2544, 273, 34512, 13, 40183, 4702, 13, 285, 20280, 14300, 275, 1635, 281, 2661, 74, 15, 5779, 14, 21272, 2544 ]	Transportation Commission of Southern Nevada. “Some of these visions may eventually come to fruition. But we are not talking about them happening in the next five years even, some of them in the next 10 years.”Dedicated to delivering the best IT support for Charities Our Approach to Managed IT Support for Charities At Premier Charity Solutions, we believe that our managed support helpdesk and consultancy services are the most important part of our partnership with your charity. Our customers (including Age UK, Mencap and The FSI) share that opinion. Whether large or small, your charity relies on your IT infrastructure to carry out the work you do. Faced with tight budgets that make wasted time more costly than ever, it is essential to choose a provider with a proven track record in the third sector and a good understanding of the needs and struggles of your organisation. That's why we pride ourselves on having an industry leading IT support and consultancy services tailored to the charity sector. Our recruitment process focuses on hiring personable staff with a passion for IT – making our helpdesk more approachable and encouraging your users to develop relationships and trust with our service desk. Rather than having auto-attendants, receptionists or voicemail systems, the telephone number provided to our clients goes directly to our support team. Your Dedicated Account Manager has previously worked on our helpdesk and projects teams, giving them a unique insight into the support, planning and implementation of your charity's IT systems. Their focus is to reduce your reliance on the helpdesk services by assessing and developing the systems your staff use, leading to improved reliability and efficiency. We work hard to build an IT partnership with our charities, rather than just a support arrangement. comprehensive site survey & IT audit We carry out a full site survey of your IT hardware, software and services, including a consultation with yourselves and your staff. We detail your charity’s existing IT infrastructure and discuss any additional requirements and ongoing / outstanding problems. Best practice analysis Once we have collated all of the information from the site survey of your charity, your dedicated account manager will contact you to arrange your Best Practice Analysis. This is a detailed document providing information on any areas of concern with your existing system as well as information on security, compliance and business continuity. We also specify any upcoming renewals or out-of-date solutions and provide information on forthcoming technologies and services that may benefit your charity. Pro-active real time monitoring Pro-active real-time monitoring and reporting enables us to detect and resolve many support issues before they impact your charity. We monitor every server, device and cloud service using a multitude of alerting, monitoring and reporting tools. facilities & update management All new, change and remove user requests are managed to ensure organisational compliance and identified to provide change tracking and reporting. This also includes software update control, data backup, restoration, server maintenance (automated as well as manual) and administration. third party software & hardware vendor support Where authorised, we will liaise with all your third-party hardware, software, telecommunications and cloud service providers on your behalf. This gives you one point of contact for all IT related issues and requests, saving your staff time, as well as the frustration of being pushed between service providers – and allowing us to have a full audit trail for all services and supplier requests. Dedicated account management Your dedicated account manager will contact you periodically to arrange a meeting or a call to discuss various aspects of your agreement, including feedback on our support team, a review of your ticket and service history, any noted areas of concern, completed / upcoming projects and any future requirements or new technologies. Having trouble with your IT? Transition process Site Survey & IT Infrastructure Audit A full site survey of your IT hardware, software and services including consultation with yourselves and your staff. We detail your existing IT infrastructure and discuss any additional requirements and ongoing / outstanding problems; please collate as much information as possible prior to the survey. Support: Online! That’s it! No problem too big or too small, start calling our team today! Following the site survey, we will have everything we need to start providing you with a fully managed helpdesk! Remaining Information Requested from Suppliers Just like switching your gas or electricity we do all of the hard work, contacting previous IT suppliers and 3rd party vendors, requesting information, detailing equipment, obtaining password etc. and all you have to do is to continue doing what you do best; running your organisation! Concerned your previous supplier’s wont hand everything over in a timely manner? Don’t be, we will liaise with your previous supplier directly and in the event they don’t provide the information requested, your dedicated project lead will reset any outstanding passwords and re-configure any equipment, software or services! Best Practice Analysis Once we have collated all of your information following your site survey, your dedicated account manager will contact you to arrange your Best Practice Analysis. This is a detailed document providing information on any areas of concern with your existing system, notification of any upcoming renewals or out-of-date solutions, as well as information on forthcoming technologies and services that may benefit your organisation. Regular Account Review Meetings & Consultancy Our account manager will contact you periodically to arrange a meeting or a call to discuss various aspects of your agreement, including feedback on our support team, a review of your ticket and service history, any noted areas of concern, completed / upcoming projects and any future requirements or new technologies Service Desk Statistics Average Telephone Response Time: 8 Seconds % SLA Target Hit: 99.6% % Incidents Resolved on Initial Contact: 76% % Incidents Resolved Without Escalation: 84% % Incident Tickets Re-Opened: 2.1% % Incidents Escalated to On-Site Engineer Visit: 0.3% Our Partners Get your quote now Name* Email Address* Telephone* Company Name Number of Users* Details* Marketing Permissions Premier Charity Solutions will use the information you provide on this form to be in touch with you and to provide updates and marketing. Please let us know all the ways you would like to hear from us: EmailDirect MailCustomised online advertising You can change your mind at any time by clicking the unsubscribe link in the footer of any email you receive from us, or by contacting us at [email protected]. We will treat your information with respect. For more information about our privacy practices please visit our website. By clicking below, you agree that we may process your information in accordance with these terms. We use MailChimp as our marketing automation platform. By clicking below to submit this form, you acknowledge that the information you provide will be transferred to MailChimp for processing in accordance with their Privacy Policy and Terms.Development of nonstoichiometric CuInS₂ as a light-harvesting photoanode and catalytic photocathode in a sensitized solar cell. A simple one-pot approach was developed to obtain nonstoichiometric CuInS2 nanocrystals. Using this approach, both In-rich and Cu-rich CuInS2 nanocrystals could be reliably synthesized by tuning stoichiometric combinations of [Cu]/[In] precursor constituents. By designing Cu-rich CuInS2 heteronanostructures to serve as counter electrodes, quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) equipped with In-rich CuInS2 and CdS cosensitizers delivered a power conversion efficiency of 2.37%, which is significantly more efficient than conventional Pt counter electrodes. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first report utilizing nonstoichiometric CuInS2 nanocrystals as a photon-harvesting sensitizer comprised of a photoanode and photocathode in QDSSCs; also unique to this report, these nonstoichiometric CuInS2 nanocrystals were formed by simply changing the cationic molar ratios without complicated precursor preparation. Impedance spectroscopy and Tafel polarization indicated that these Cu-rich CuInS2 heteronanostructures had electrocatalytic activities (used for reducing S(2-)/Sn(2-)) that were superior to a Pt catalyst. Moreover, we demonstrated that Cu-rich CuInS2 heteronanostructures were also useful counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells, and this finding revealed a promising conversion efficiency of 6.11%, which was ∼96% of the efficiency in a cell with a Pt-based counter electrode (6.32%).MRI of oriental cholangiohepatitis. Oriental cholangiohepatitis (OCH) also called recurrent pyogenic cholangitis is characterized by intrahepatic duct calculi, strictures, and recurrent infections. In turn cholangitis can result in multiple hepatic abscesses, further biliary strictures, and in severe cases, progressive hepatic parenchymal destruction, cirrhosis, and portal hypertension. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and conventional T1-weighted (T1W) and T2-weighted (T2W) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings have been described in patients with OCH. MRCP findings include duct dilation, strictures, and calculi. MRCP can help to localize the diseased ducts and determine the severity of involvement. T1 and T2W sequences reveal the parenchymal changes of atrophy, abscess formation, and portal hypertension in addition to calculi. Post-treatment changes
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878, 15, 285, 368, 476, 873, 697, 1318, 751, 2490, 686, 15597, 15032, 15, 3633, 7050, 3463, 1838, 1587, 357, 2428, 6788, 2877 ]	not best developers) win contracts. ~~~ shawkinaw So we have a choice between corruption and incompetence ... I'm pretty sure that corruption would actually be better, at least shit would work. ~~~ thebulge We only have a choice of which we want to start with. Eventually we end up with both. ------ coherentpony No shit. This whole ordeal has been nothing short of a complete and utter fucking disaster. And how much did the government pay to have this work done [1]? This is procurement at its finest. The government could have easily paid 10% of what they did to a tech start-up who would have done a much better job utilising scalable technologies. [1] [http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/fact- checker/wp/2013/10/...](http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/fact- checker/wp/2013/10/24/how-much-did-healthcare-gov-cost/) ~~~ Iftheshoefits I rather think that depends on what technological expertise the the start-up brought to bear on the problem. I understand it's chic to think that Healtcare.gov is "just another website", especially among a certain crowd who think that all development is web development, and best done on a MacbookPro using RoR/node/<functional language Y>/Go + <insert fad-of-the-day JS framework here>. It's a mistaken impression, though, because we aren't talking about some from-scratch system. We're talking about communication with and between a lot of legacy systems requiring what is almost certainly a frankenstein-like nightmare of patchwork APIs that dive into programming languages and styles hipster 20-somethings at hot S.F. Start Up X wouldn't understand because it's beneath them (I'm exaggerating and generalizing here for effect--this isn't to impugn all 20-somethings, start- ups, etc.). Honestly I don't think there is any contractor who could have pulled this project off flawlessly, or even very much better than the group of misfits who did Healthcare.gov did, just because of the sheer complexity of the project compounded with the increased politically-motivated interference from government officials that comes with such high-profile projects. ~~~ MichaelApproved > Honestly I don't think there is any contractor who could have pulled this > project off flawlessly A few flaws could be excused but the site was a disaster. > or even very much better than the group of misfits who did Healthcare.gov In just a couple of months, the current contractor group was able to clean up most of the mess and improve the site dramatically. In just _two months_! Imagine what they could have pulled off if the group was put together earlier. ~~~ Iftheshoefits The were able to clean up and improve an existing system, yes. That doesn't imply anything about their abilities to have created it from the ground up. ~~~ MichaelApproved To me, it implies they have even more ability than if I saw them build it from the ground up. They were able to read the garbage written by the other developers and make something useful out of it. Pretty impressive! ------ hga Too many lies in this article to take more from this than the bare fact that CGI Federal will be replaced by Accenture (the latter of which is no prize from what I've heard). I.e. the government's Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) were notoriously the "prime contractor" until the 3rd week of October (when replaced by contractor QSSI, also responsible for the "data hub"), and the attacks on the contractors are misplaced when their management was so impossibly bad. The linked _Washington Post_ article is not great, but better: [http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/obama- administration-...](http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/obama- administration-to-end-contract-with-cgi-federal-company-behind- healthcaregov/2014/01/10/001eb05a-719e-11e3-8b3f-b1666705ca3b_story.html) ~~~ coldcode Accenture taking over is like replacing dumb & dumber with larry, moe and curly. ------ greg5green >>Accenture, which is one of the world’s largest consulting firms, has extensive experience with computer systems on the state level, and it built California’s new health insurance exchange. Hasn't California's exchange had big problems too? ~~~ angersock Accenture is Arthur Andersen, and they've got a long history of extracting maximum value for shareholders from government contracts (state and local). EDIT: Arthur Andersen spawned Andersen Consulting spawned Arthur Anderson Business Consulting spawned Accenture. Some of AABC splintered off and joined Hitachi Consulting, some went elsewhere. The history of computer consulting is varied, interesting, and tragic. ------ patrickg_zill Am I the only one who thinks that the failures were intentional - that the whole mix-up is a passive-aggressive way of herding the USA into eventual single-payer? If Washington DC is, in fact, really that stupid and it is not intentional, under what strange notion of justice am I to pay taxes to these morons? ~~~ smsm42 Depends on what you mean by intentional. I'm not sure if the guys that call the shots are Machiavellian enough for such things - given how incompetent they are in everything else, hard to imagine they would be super-competent in long-reaching plots. If they had been able to execute long-running plans of such magnitude with such certainty, they wouldn't screw up so many things so badly as they had. However, the resulting vector of their efforts and failures may very well point into that direction, and not without their cooperation and help, since once they beat insurance industry into full dependency and make the population rely on subsidized care, the next logical step would be to eliminate the middlemen - there would be no point for them to exist anymore, at least not as independent entities - given that they would have no independence as such and serve no useful function in such setup. ------ bane One of the differences between creating and enforcing laws and creating software is that software _actually_ has to work. The efficacy of a law is open to endless debate, and it doesn't actually have to end up with any intended effect. But software, you can't legislate software. It's obvious that government shouldn't be in the software business, and the government would agree "that's why we use contractors for this!". But when 100% of your revenue comes from the government, in a way you're basically the same thing. ------ protomyth The government isn't exactly doing too well with any of its software projects. The IRS had problems during tax season and the FBI has cancelled and restarted multiple times. The Dept of Interior has been held in contempt of court for how bad their systems have been. ------ dreamfactory2 Talk about going from the frying pan to the fire. ------ wehadfun I here the points about about legacy systems. How much would it have cost to scrap those old systems and build from the ground up. ------ sciguy77 Is anyone surprised by this? ~~~ larockt Slightly surprised, but only because I would have thought that the company had kept up their payments to the necessary campaign funds. Q: Copy from excel and paste into online form Firstly may I apologise for the fact that I am not the best with computers, I have quite a large excel sheet for which I have to copy and paste 10 columns per row into an online form. Is it possible to create a macro for this and if yes how can I do so. Also please keep in mind that I am at work, so I'm limited from the use of plugins and I unfortunately have to use internet explorer. Your help would be much adored, Thank You A: Yes it is possible. You can use IE to automate this using vba. Sub xtremeExcel() Dim HTMLDoc As HTMLDocument Dim oBrowser As InternetExplorer sURL = "*****Paste URL Here**********" Set oBrowser = New InternetExplorer oBrowser.Silent = True oBrowser.navigate sURL oBrowser.Visible = True Do Loop Until oBrowser.readyState = READYSTATE_COMPLETE Set HTMLDoc = oBrowser.document 'Use firebug to identify the textbox or object you need. and you can set its value like 'HTMLDoc.GetElementByID("abcd").value
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The party's youthful leader, Viktor Orbán, was named prime minister. The electorate grew increasingly hostile to Fidesz-MPP's strongly nationalistic rhetoric and unseated the government in April 2002, returning the MSZP, allied with the SZDSZ, to power under Prime Minister Péter Medgyessy, a free-market advocate who had served as finance minister in the Horn government. In August 2004, amid revelations that he had once served as a counterintelligence officer, Medgyessy resigned and Sports Minister Ferenc Gyurcsány of the MSZP was named premier. Hungary became a fully fledged member of NATO in 1999 and, with nine so-called accession countries, was admitted into the EU in May 2004. Alan Parker's 1996 film _Evita_ was filmed in Budapest. The Buenos Aires cathedral on screen is the Basilica of St Stephen, the grand, tree-lined boulevard is Andrássy út and the swarthy horse guards belong to the Hungarian mounted cavalry. ## At Home at Last Reappointed prime minister in April 2006 after the electorate gave his coalition 55% of the vote, Gyurcsány began a series of austerity measures to tackle Hungary's budget deficit, which had reached a staggering 10% of GDP. But in September, just as these unpopular steps were put into place, an audiotape recorded shortly after the election at a closed-door meeting of the prime minister's cabinet had Gyurcsány confessing that the party had 'lied morning, noon and night' about the state of the economy since coming to power and now had to make amends. Gyurcsány refused to resign, and public outrage led to a series of demonstrations near the Parliament building in Budapest, culminating in widespread rioting that marred the 50th anniversary of the 1956 Uprising. After that violent demonstrations became a not-infrequent feature on the streets of Budapest and other large cities, especially during national holidays. The radical right-wing nationalist party Jobbik Magyarországért Mozgalom (Movement for a Better Hungary) has been at the centre of many of these demonstrations and riots. Gyurcsány led a feeble minority government until general elections in 2010 when Fidesz-MPP won a majority of 52% in the first round of voting and joined forces with the Christian Democratic People's Party (KDNP) to rule with a two-thirds majority in parliament Hungary's most recent appearance on the world stage came in 2011 when it assumed presidency of the EU Council. A new constitution came into effect at the start of 2012. In the April 2014 national elections, the first since constitutional changes reduced voting to a single poll and the number of MPs from 386 to 199, Fidesz took almost 45% of the vote and 133 seats, returning Orbán to the premiership. Orbán was clearly in charge once again but 'Viktátor', as the opposition press nicknamed him, was frequently criticised for strong-armed tactics and abuse of power. At the time of research Orbán was still at the helm but his ship did not appear to be on course. In 2007 János Kádár's grave in Budapest's Kerepesi Cemetery was broken into and his skull and assorted bones were removed. The only clue was a note that read: 'Murderers and traitors may not rest in holy ground 1956–2006'. The remains have never been recovered. #### Timeline AD 106 Roman Aquincum in today's Óbuda becomes the administrative seat of the province of Pannonia Inferior and a fully fledged colony less than a century later. Late 430s Aquincum offers little protection to the civilian population when the Huns burn the colony to the ground, forcing the Romans and other settlers to flee. 896–98 Nomadic Magyar tribes set up camp in the Carpathian Basin, with five of the seven original tribes settling in the area that is now Budapest. 955 Hungarian raids outside the Carpathian Basin as far as Germany, Italy and Spain are stopped for good by German king Otto I at the Battle of Augsburg. 1000 Stephen (István in Hungarian) is crowned 'Christian King' of Hungary at Esztergom on Christmas Day; he is canonised as St Stephen in 1083. 1222 King Andrew II signs the Golden Bull, according the nobility increased rights and powers; it is renewed nine years later. 1241–42 Mongols sweep across Hungary, reducing the national population by up to a half and killing some 100,000 people in Pest and Óbuda alone. 1458–90 Medieval Hungary enjoys a golden age under the enlightened reign of King Matthias Corvinus and Queen Beatrix, daughter of King Ferdinand I of Naples. 1514 A peasant uprising is crushed, with 70,000 people executed, including leader György Dózsa, who dies on a red-hot iron throne fitted with a scalding crown. 1526 Hungary is soundly defeated by the Ottomans at the Battle of Mohács and young King Louis is killed; the ensuing Turkish occupation lasts more than a century and a half. 1541 Buda Castle falls to the Ottomans; Hungary is partitioned and shared by three separate groups: the Turks, the Habsburgs and the Transylvanian princes. 1686 Austrian and Hungarian forces backed by the Polish army liberate Buda from the Turks; peace is signed with the Ottomans at Karlowitz (now in Serbia) 13 years later. 1703–11 Ferenc Rákóczi II fights and loses a war of independence against the Habsburgs; he is given asylum in Thrace by the Turkish Sultan Ahmet III. 1795 Seven pro-republican Jacobites, including the group's leader Ignác Martonovics, are beheaded at Vérmező (Blood Meadow) in Buda for plotting against the Habsburg throne. 1848–49 During the War of Independence, poet Sándor Petőfi dies fighting, Lajos Batthyány and 13 of his generals are executed for their roles and Lajos Kossuth goes into exile. 1867 The Act of Compromise creates the Dual Monarchy of Austria (the empire), based in Vienna, and Hungary (the kingdom), with its seat at Budapest. 1896 The millennium of the Magyar 'conquest' of the Carpathian Basin is marked by a major exhibition in City Park that attracts four million people over six months. 1918 Austria-Hungary loses WWI in November and its political system collapses; Hungary declares itself a republic under the leadership of Count Mihály Károlyi. 1919 Béla Kun's Republic of Councils, the world's second communist government after the Soviet Union's, lasts for five months until Kun is driven into exile by the Romanian army. 1920 Treaty of Trianon carves up much of Central Europe, reducing Hungary's territory by almost two-thirds and enlarging the ethnic Hungarian populations in Romania, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia. 1939 Nazi Germany invades Poland; Britain and France declare war on Germany two days later but Hungary remains neutral for two years when it joins the Axis led by Germany and Italy. 1944 Germany invades and occupies Hungary; most Hungarian Jews, who had largely been able to avoid persecution under strongman Miklós Horthy, are deported to Nazi concentration camps. 1945 Budapest is liberated by the Soviet army in April, a month before full victory in Europe, with three-quarters of its buildings and all of its bridges in ruins. 1949 The communists, now in complete control, announce the formation of the 'People's Republic of Hungary'; Stalinist show trials of 'Titoists' and other 'enemies of the people' begin. 1956 Budapest is in flames after riots in October; Hungary briefly withdraws from the Warsaw Pact and proclaims its neutrality but the status quo is restored and János Kádár installed as leader. 1958 Imre Nagy and others are executed by the communist regime for their role in the uprising and buried in unmarked graves in Budapest's New Municipal Cemetery. 1963 Amnesty is extended to those involved in the 1956 Uprising by the communist government after a UN resolution condemning the suppression of the rebellion is struck from the agenda. 1968 Plans for a liberalised economy are introduced in an attempt to overcome the inefficiencies of central planning but are rejected as too extreme by conservatives. 1978 The Crown of St Stephen is returned to Hungary from the USA, where it had been held at Fort Knox in Kentucky for safekeeping since the end of WWII. 1988 János Kádár is forced to retire in May after more than three decades in power; he dies and is buried in Budapest's Kerepesi Cemetery the following year. 1989 The electrified fence separating Hungary and Austria is removed in July; communist power is relinquished; the Republic of Hungary
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4, 3709, 346, 1473, 15125, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 12352, 64, 34467, 15, 73, 3, 187, 187, 565, 5007, 30936, 9, 1030, 1018, 11, 26023, 64, 9834, 5349, 535, 187, 565, 187, 7265, 9, 540, 46090, 13, 1018, 11, 39989, 5456, 2387, 187, 92, 187, 186, 5397, 1874, 187, 186, 16065, 9, 46090, 2387, 551, 187, 186, 5045 ]	to the tune of taylor swift (complete with dance moves) Chef Crawford prepared pasta for us in several ways. First we enjoyed a duo of rotini with marinara sauce and spaghetti with basil pesto. Sooo good! I finished every last bite, which shows that healthy eating doesn't have to be boring - Catelli's Ancient Grains pasta tastes great and delivers a ton of nutritional benefits. In fact, I liked the taste and texture better than regular whole wheat pasta. This Ancient Grains pasta will be my new go-to choice for delicious and healthy dinners (or lunches... or any other time I need some pasta!) After Chef Crawford's cooking demo we moved into smaller groups to try our hands at preparing 'Chilled Noodle Salad with Ginger Wasabi Dressing' using Ancient Grains Spaghettini. It had a ton of fresh, crunchy vegetables and the noodles held up really well to the zippy dressing. I'll definitely be making this one again - in fact I'm already imagining enjoying this tasty salad by the bowlful for summer evening dinners on the patio. Chilled Noodle Salad with Ginger Wasabi Dressing 1 pkg Catelli Ancient Grains Spaghettini 2 cups snowpeas, blanced in hot water, then thinly sliced on a diagonal 1 cup shelled edamame beans 1 cup red pepper, cut into matchsticks 1 small long english cucumber, seeded and thinly sliced 2 cups napa cabbage, finely shredded 3 green onions, thinly sliced 1/4 cup seasoned rice vinegar 3 tbsp canola oil 2 tbsp soy sauce 1 tsp lemon zest 2 tbsp lemon juice 2 tsp brown sugar 2 tsp sesame oil 2 tsp fresh grated ginger wasabi to taste 1 ripe avocado, sliced 1/4 cup fresh cilantro leaves 2 tbsp black sesame seeds Prepare the pasta according to the directions on the package. Rinse with cold water and drain well. Toss with a few tbsp of canola oil and set aside. While the pasta is cooking, prepare all the vegetables. Add the rice vinegar, canola oil, soy sauce, lemon zest & juice, brown sugar, sesame oil, ginger and wasabi into a jar with a lid (or something similar). Shake everything together until mixed well. (According to Chef Crawford shaking is better than mixing, especially if you're dancing at the same time). Toss the salad dressing with all of the prepared vegetables. Put into a large serving bowl and top with avocado slices, cilantro leaves and black sesame seeds. The event was held at Get Cooking. Their kitchen is beautiful! All of the staff were so friendly and helpful. Get Cooking prepared several appetizers for us and everything was super tasty. I loved the chickpea pancake with kale on top and the beet macaron with hummus filling. This was the first time I had heard of Get Cooking, but I'd love to go back and take one of their cooking classes some time. Messy Little Cook Test Hi, I'm Courtenay. I truly am the 'Messy Little Cook' - there's sure to be a mountain of dirty dishes and flour all over the place whenever I'm playing in the kitchen. I also love writing about restaurants, other foodie stuff and travel (when I get the chance). Looking for something? To Follow me on Pinterest or Instagram click on the icons below: Two little ballerinas 💕 #mayowskifamily Walking my big girl to the school bus ☀️#beautifulfallmorning #mayowskifamily Camping in Banff for the long weekend 💕 We played, paddleboarded, hiked to the tea house, ate ice cream, roasted marshmallows and had a great time together as a family. #mayowskifamilycamping #campingwithkids #banffnationalpark #getoutside #mayowskifamily In that last video of Hannah, the first time (off camera) she told me she loved s'mores more than me 🥺 she's working on being funny - and it actually is pretty funny Huge THANKS to @bagelbar.yeg and @derosebrosmeats for the bagels, cream cheese, sandwiches and tots!! I won their giveaway earlier this summer and picked it up today to share with my team at work 🤤🤤🤤 everything was thoroughly enjoyed 👍 Happy Grade 1 Hannah! #firstdayofschool #yegkids #mayowskifamily The last camping adventure of the year has begun. Tonight we're hanging out under the romantic lights of...the Bass Pro shop parking lot and listening to the soothing sounds of QE2 traffic 🙃 #parkinglotcamping #mayowskifamily Today is our 10th anniversary ♥️ So I'm sharing 10 of my memories from our wedding day. A walk down memory lane, August 21, 2009 1) So unbelievably happy to married to this guy 😍 2) Getting ready with our moms, my sister and future sister-in-law. It felt like the greatest game of dress-up ever. I loved my wedding dress and veil 3) Walking down the aisle with my parents. I wish I could go back in time to slow this moment down. I could feel their love, support and pride 4) Seeing Trevor waiting for me at the end of the aisle. My heart was filled with butterflies, but I couldn't wait to be there with him 5) Crying while saying my vows. I knew I would cry - I'm surprised I actually got through it 6) You may kiss the bride! I made Trev practice "the kiss" before the wedding 😘 7) So greatful for our family and friends who celebrated with us 8) We slipped into the Winspear auditorium for a few photos before the reception. It felt glamorous and special to stand on the stage under the lights. While Kelsy was taking our photos the man tuning the organ was also snapping our pic 9) I surprised Trevor with an extra wedding cake (chocolate mint flavor) to apologize for my bridezilla moment when I told him that was not an acceptable wedding cake flavor 😂 everyone loved the chocolate mint cake 10) Hanging out in downtown Edmonton taking pictures with my favorite people. Everyone else was good at the sexy/serious face...me, not so much, haha. I just couldn't hide my huge smile. Happy anniversary Trevor, I love you forever ♥️ 📸@kelsynielson @edmontonfamilyphotographer #tenthanniversary #weddingmemories #yegweddings #husbandandwife #10yearslater #mayowskifamily Trev made an excellent dinner of mussels in wine with homemade mayo and oven fries. The kids devoured everything. My feeding-therapist heart was glowing with pride as the kids gobbled down the mussels and asked for more (even though this kind of thing doesn't happen all the time) #adventurouseaters #dadmadedinner #foodiekids We're really good at family pictures 🤦#mayowskifamily Checking out the playground Trev used to play on when he was a kid, feeding Rose the Squirrel (as named by the kids) and one last popsicle before the long drive home #mayowskifamily More beach and s'mores please! #campingincanada #mayowskifamily Nate was so excited to take me for a ride on the board, he was shouting take my picture, it's my first paddle! Once the kiddos were asleep Trev and I got to enjoy a sunset walk along the lake #mayowskifamily Family camping trip to Kimball Lake. The mornings were cool, but the afternoons were warm enough to enjoy the beautiful beach. My nature kids loved it #mayowskifamily/*************************************************************** * * Copyright (C) 1990-2007, Condor Team, Computer Sciences Department, * University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you * may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may * obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. * **************************************************************/ #include "condor_common.h" #include "condor_config.h" #include "condor_attributes.h" #include "condor_commands.h" #include "daemon.h" #include "dc_starter.h" int sendCmd( const char starter_addr ); int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) { config(); switch( argc ) { case
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619, 2798, 537, 41218, 378, 763, 13, 368, 497, 247, 1077, 1175, 637, 15, 187, 187, 42, 717, 7016, 323, 253, 2957, 273, 634, 3331, 13, 11128, 38866, 15 ]	mow what was in the middle before, had to line trim.. i'm just glad i will be able to spend less time mowing, and i'm not looking at a bunch of dirt and rocks. just gonna have to deal with ugly burnt up fescue in the summer. but i can deal with that. i would put money into a walkbehind or tank sprayer before i did this backyard. the wife likes it, so i guess thats always a plus. Quote: Originally Posted by suzook It looks pretty good to me. The one thing that does look odd is that bed...kinda strange where it is. when should i mow this new fescue?? its been right at 20 days, its 4 inches high in some spots. i went over it with more seed because its patchy.. will see what happens. worried that its gonna get to high. mabee i should have waited till it was mowed once.. feel like i don't have much time left anyway, first frost will be here before we know it. Inzane, I am in the exact same boat as you. I am at day 20 today. I seeded at 8 lbs. it looks great from a distance but up close it's thin. A few area look better than others. The good areas are 4 inches. I am wondering if I should cut it this week and spread more seed at half the rate. Being that it's a bunch grass I am scared ti over do it. i'm 23 days out. today it looks a little better. some of the additional seed i put out is sprouting a bit. the week of heavy rain we had last week didn't help to much, the area on right slopes down, and the water washed some of the new grass out a bit, its kinda matted down.. i backed off my watering some. i guess i'm gonna get the sprinkler out every 3rd day and just continue to mist the thinner areas i overseeded once or twice daily.. i'm not expecting much out of this lawn by the looks of it. first time seeding one from scratch, and probally gonna be the last Quote: Originally Posted by Kawizx62003 Inzane, I am in the exact same boat as you. I am at day 20 today. I seeded at 8 lbs. it looks great from a distance but up close it's thin. A few area look better than others. The good areas are 4 inches. I am wondering if I should cut it this week and spread more seed at half the rate. Being that it's a bunch grass I am scared ti over do it.Q: Serializing Java objects to xml and back (XML configuration) I am looking for a XML serialization framework which has an option for a XML configuration instead of annotation to name classes and fields. I looked at Simple and XStream but I didn't find a method to do it. I suppose I could use Spring IOC and XStreams aliasing, but if there's any frameworks, which could do this for me, it would of course be better :) A: JiBX is a Java to XML Binding framework in which you can use XML bindings. The XML is a bit verbose and can sometimes be a little hard to manage, but that can be true of any XML configuration. I know you said you've looked at xstream, but some xstream configuration can be done through code (not configuration, but through configuring the xstream object, for example, omitting fields). I'm not sure if that's enough for you, but you can do some things without the annotations. Relating the MNA Mobility Single Item to Usual Walking Speed in Hospitalized and Community-Dwelling Geriatric Patients. Usual walking speed (WS) is a relatively easy and reproducible tool for detecting mobility impairment. For some reasons, however, geriatric patients might not be able to perform walking tests. Therefore, a subjective assessment could be an alternative method to screen for mobility impairment. In the present paper, we explore the use of the mobility item from the Mini Nutritional Assessment-short form (MNA-sf) to assess mobility and its congruence with walking speed in hospitalized and ambulatory patients. We analyzed retrospective data from 357 patients and found a highly significant correlation between WS and the MNA-sf mobility item. After dichotomization of the MNA-sf mobility score (mobility impairment ≤1 and no impairment >1), AUC for ROC curves showed that the mobility item derived from the MNA-sf reflects fairly well the mobility of geriatric hospitalized patients (AUC = 0.773), while it performs better in ambulatory patients (AUC = 0.838).Q: std::unique_ptr and pointer-to-pointer I've been using std::unique_ptr to store some COM resources, and provided a custom deleter function. However, many of the COM functions want pointer-to-pointer. Right now, I'm using the implementation detail of _Myptr, in my compiler. Is it going to break unique_ptr to be accessing this data member directly, or should I store a gajillion temporary pointers to construct unique_ptr rvalues from? A: COM objects are reference-countable by their nature, so you shouldn't use anything except reference-counting smart pointers like ATL::CComPtr or _com_ptr_t even if it seems inappropriate for your usecase (I fully understand your concerns, I just think you assign too much weight to them). Both classes are designed to be used in all valid scenarios that arise when COM objects are used, including obtaining the pointer-to-pointer. Yes, that's a bit too much functionality, but if you don't expect any specific negative consequences you can't tolerate you should just use those classes - they are designed exactly for this purpose. A: I've had to tackle the same problem not too long ago, and I came up with two different solutions: The first was a simple wrapper that encapsulated a 'writeable' pointer and could be std::moved into my smart pointer. This is just a little more convenient that using the temp pointers you are mentioning, since you cannot define the type directly at the call-site. Therefore, I didn't stick with that. So what I did was a Retrieve helper-function that would get the COM function and return my smart-pointer (and do all the temporary pointer stuff internally). Now this trivially works with free-functions that only have a single T** parameter. If you want to use this on something more complex, you can just pass in the call via std::bind and only leave the pointer-to-be-returned free. I know that this is not directly what you're asking, but I think it's a neat solution to the problem you're having. As a side note, I'd prefer boost's intrusive_ptr instead of std::unique_ptr, but that's a matter of taste, as always. Edit: Here's some sample code that's transferred from my version using boost::intrusive_ptr (so it might not work out-of-the box with unique_ptr) template <class T, class PtrType, class PtrDel> HRESULT retrieve(T func, std::unique_ptr<PtrType, PtrDel>& ptr) { ElementType* raw_ptr=nullptr; HRESULT result = func(&raw_ptr); ptr.reset(raw_ptr); return result; } For example, it can be used like this: std::unique_ptr<IFileDialog, ComDeleter> FileDialog; /.../ using std::bind; using namespace std::placeholders; std::unique_ptr<IShellItem, ComDeleter> ShellItem; HRESULT status = retrieve(bind(&IFileDialog::GetResult, FileDialog, _1), ShellItem); For bonus points, you can even let retrieve return the unique_ptr instead of taking it by reference. The functor that bind generates should have signature typedefs to derive the pointer type. You can then throw an exception if you get a bad HRESULT. A critical note on psychophysiological stress research into migraine patients. The psychophysiological stress paradigm has been applied to detect pathways through which stress can induce migraine. We propose that the negative and inconsistent findings of previous studies can be ascribed to the restricted psychophysiological scope of these experiments, to insufficient operationalization of the concepts of stress, and to the lack of attention paid to the presence or absence of an attack after a stressful situation. Our present state of knowledge on the pathophysiology of migraine should form the basis for future psychophysiological research, which should focus on patients who are actually stressed and develop an attack afterwards.Thread Tools A dear friend passed yesterday morning in Hospice, initially hospitalized for a ruptured aorta couple of weeks ago. Great difficulty recovering, clots in his legs, respiratory issues and a host of other medical issues. On Monday they moved him to a Hospice facility and yesterday he passed, peacefully. I did not share longevity with him, but what we did share were lots of commonalities in our personal lives and every conversation we had was sincere and heartfelt. He was a lot of things, but his main passions were music and restoring his VW bus. He was one of the people we encounter who we bond instantly with, and he will always be in my heart.. RIP Bish, you were a very good man. I am sorry for the loss of your friend, Darryl.
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58, 393, 6040, 393, 68, 45, 64, 59, 1352, 3954, 347, 275, 253, 4737, 273, 11506, 905, 8560, 27, 20188, 2582, 5251, 2582, 18, 5290, 1580, 253, 669, 3442, 269, 9, 17, 13, 17, 1009, 26019, 253, 4315, 13905, 273, 370, 58, 1352, 33062, 969, 6935, 6681, 905, 5616, 27, 491, 2582, 11097, 2582, 1940, 261, 297, 696, 285, 905, 5616, 27, 22202, 2582, 936, 2582, 1940, 261, 6213, 696, 285, 970, 253, 4038, 273, 253, 12314, 2792, 359, 4044, 326, 512, 273, 253, 2792, 273, 253, 830, 669, 1274, 9, 59, 64, 18, 1337, 5589, 13, 59, 578, 76, 14, 18, 2023, 17, 1337, 5589, 13, 17, 61, 918, 1009, 403, 4229, 407, 370, 71, 1352, 187, 187, 688, 1798, 13, 604, 253, 11627, 273, 370, 57, 5, 403, 23352, 3907, 13, 840, 253, 11627, 273, 370, 58, 5, 403, 23352, 3907, 285, 352, 8018, 326, 253, 4309, 26019, 669, 71, 35, 64, 69, 9, 79, 3822, 2896, 253, 1959, 2715, 273, 16619, 266, 457, 84, 10012, 313, 2887, 1008, 11773, 53, 1036, 1092, 1008, 49, 11192, 14573, 740, 62, 285, 1008, 20, 52, 2498, 844, 7525, 326, 370, 71, 5, 310, 253, 6489, 15, 187, 187, 510, 1840, 18057, 310, 253, 1327, 42253, 7370, 273, 247, 1750, 432, 1008, 51, 438, 249, 62, 326, 253, 4229, 2792, 273, 247, 33592, 3711, 370, 71, 393, 13777, 393, 35, 64, 69, 393, 936, 393, 35, 64, 69, 1366 ]	$ the space of all homogeneous linear polynomials on $d$ variables of degree one satisfied by the coordinates of $X$. Applying a unitary we can always assume that $\cL_X$ is spanned by $z_k,\ldots,z_d$. In [@3S] Salomon, Shalit and the author have defined the notion of a matrix span of a set of points $\cS \subset \M_d$. Recall that the matrix span of a set $\cS$ is defined via $${\operatorname{mat-span}}(\cS)(n) = {\operatorname{Span}}\left\{ \left(I_d \otimes T \right)(X) \mid X \in \cS(n),\, T \in \cL(M_n) \right\}.$$ Here $\cL(M_n)$ stands for the linear operators on $M_n(\C)$ and for each $T \in \cL(M_n)$ we have $\left( I_d \otimes T\right)(X) = \left(T(X_1), \ldots, T(X_d)\right)$. \[lem:mat-span\] If $\cS = \{X\}$ for $X \in \M_d(n)$, then ${\operatorname{mat-span}}(\cS)(n)$ is precisely the set of points $Z \in M_d(n)$, such that $\cL_X \subset \cL_Z$. First, let us assume that $\cL_X = \{0\}$, i.e, the coordinates of $X$ are linearly independent. Then applying linear transformations $T \in \cL(M_n)$ coordinate-wise, we can get any point in $\M_d(n)$ and thus we are done. Now assume that $X = \left(X_1,\ldots,X_{k-1},0,\ldots,0 \right)$, with $X_1,\ldots,X_{k-1}$ linearly independent. As in the previous case we can get by applying linear transformations coordinate-wise any point of the form $Z = \left(Z_1,\ldots,Z_{k-1},0,\ldots,0\right)$. In particular, every such point satisfies $\cL_X \subset \cL_Z$. Applying a linear transformation on the coordinates just changes bases in the spaces of linear polynomials and thus the above statement is true for any $X$. To prove the converse inclusion observe that if $Z \in {\operatorname{mat-span}}(\cS)(n)$, then there exist a linear transformation $T \in \cL(M_n)$, such that $$Z = \left( I_d \otimes T \right)(X) = \left(T(X_1),\ldots,T(X_d)\right).$$ Hence if $p = \sum_{j=1}^d \alpha_j z_j \in \cL_X$, then by linearity $p(Z) = T(p(X)) = 0$ and thus $p \in \cL_Z$. \[prop:fixed\_level\_1\] If $f$ is an nc self-map of $\fB_d$, such that $f$ fixes the subspace of points of the form $(z_1,\ldots,z_{k-1},0,\ldots,0)$ in $\fB_d(1)$, for $k > 2$, then $f$ fixes all points of the form $(Z_1,\ldots,Z_{k-1},0,\ldots,0)$. By Lemma \[lem:one-dim\_fixed\] we know that the points $(Z_1,0,\ldots,0)$, $(0,\ldots,0,Z_{k-1},0,\ldots,0)$ are fixed by $f$. Now [@3S Lemma 8.1] implies that $\Delta f(0,0)$ fixes the matrix span of these points and thus fixes all points of the form $(Z_1,\ldots,Z_{k-1},0,\ldots,0)$. Consider the $n$-th level $\fB_d(n)$. Let $Z = (Z_1,\ldots,Z_{k-1},0,\ldots,0)$ be a point such that $Z/\\|Z\\|$ is coisometric. As was mentioned there is a unique geodesic passing between $0$ and $Z$ and it is just the disc through the two points. Additionally, the above argument shows that $\Delta f(0,0)(Z) = Z$ and it is the derivative of $f$ at the origin on level $n$. Applying Lemma \[lem:der\_fix\_coisom\] we get that the geodesic $w \mapsto w Z$ is fixed by $f$. By Lemma \[lem:similar\_to\_coisometry\] every generic point of the form $(X_1,\ldots,X_{k-1},0,\ldots,0)$ is similar to such a $Z$ we conclude that every generic point of this form is fixed. Since $k > 2$ the generic points are dense in the set of all points of this form and thus the entire set is fixed. This proposition combined with Lemma \[lem:one-dim\_fixed\] gives us the following corollary. \[cor:fixed\_subspace\] Let $f \colon \fB_d \to \fB_d$ be an nc-map, such that $f(0) = 0$. Let $V(1)$ be the fixed point set of $f$ on the first level. Set $V(n) \subset \fB_d(n)$ the subspace of matrices, such that their coordinates satisfy the linear relations of $V(1)$ and $V = \sqcup_{n = 1}^{\infty} V(n)$. Then $f$ fixes $V$. \[prop:fixes\_lin\_independent\_point\] Let $f \colon \fB_d \to \fB_d$ be an nc-map, such that $f(0) = 0$. If there exists a generic point $X \in \fB_d(n)$, such that $f(X) = X$, then $f(Z) = Z$, for every $Z \in \fB_d$, such that $\cL_X \subset \cL_Z$. In particular, if the coordinates of $X$ are linearly independent, i.e., $\cL_X = \{0\}$, then $f$ is the identity map. Since $f$ is nc and it fixes $X$, it is forced to fix the similarity orbit of $X$ in the ball, namely $\left(\GL_n(\C) \cdot X \right) \cap \fB_d(n)$. By Lemma \[lem:similar\_to\_coisometry\] the similarity orbit contains a point $Y$, such that $Y/\\|Y\\|$ is a coisometry. Note that $Y$ is also generic and $\cL_Y = \cL_X$, since the action of $\GL_n(\C)$ is linear. By [@Vig84 Corollary 4.2] we have that there exists a complex geodesic consisting of fixed points of $f$ that connects $0$ to $Y$. Since $Y/\\|Y\\|$ is a coisometry and thus a complex extreme point on the boundary, this geodesic is necessarily $z \mapsto z Y/\\|Y\\|$. Thus, in particular, the derivative of $f$ at $0$ fixes this line as well. Since $f$ is an nc map, the derivative at $0$ is $\Delta f (0,0) \otimes I_{M_n}$ and it fixes the line $z Y$. By [@3S Lemma 8.1] we have that it must fix the intersection of the matrix span of $Y$ with the ball. As above we may assume that $Y = (Y_1,\ldots, Y_{k-1},0,\ldots,0)$, with $k > 2$ and $Y_1,\ldots, Y_{k-1}$ linearly independent. By Lemma \[lem:mat-span\] the matrix span of $Y$ on level $n$ is precisely the set of all points of the form $(Z_1,\ldots,Z_{k-1},0,\ldots,0)$, i.e., $\cL_Y \subset \cL_Z$. Now as in the proof of Proposition \[prop:fixed\_level\_1\], since the $\Delta f(0,0)$ fixes the matrix span of $Y$. Applying again Lemmas \[lem:der\_fix\_coisom\] and \[lem:similar\_to\_coisometry\] and using the density of the generic points we obtain that all of the points of the form $\left(Z_1,\ldots,Z_{k-1},0,\ldots,0\right)$ are fixed by $f$. In particular, if the coordinates of $X$ are linearly independent, then the coordinates of $Y$ are linearly independent and it implies that the derivative fixes $\fB_d(n)$. By the free version of Cartan’s theorem (see [@McT16], [@Popescu10] and [@3S]). We conclude that $f$ is the identity. The above lemma is the noncommutative analog of a claim from [@Rudin] that the fixed points of a holomorphic map $f \colon \B_d \to \B_d$,
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11531, 13, 1098, 968, 13, 285, 247, 1273, 3270, 27049, 13233, 33863, 5570, 347, 973, 15, 187, 187, 2042, 627, 310, 247, 2701, 281, 253, 1180, 273, 28123, 271, 2060, 310, 7378, 281 ]	unfair competition claims seeking a permanent injunction. In the first prong of the test for determining federal trademark infringement, there was no dispute that Beyoncé’s mark was protectable as a matter of law. In the second prong, the court looked to whether there was undisputed evidence that confusion was likely. Although the marks were extremely similar in text, font and pronunciation, the use of the letter “F” in “FEYONCÉ” turned the mark into a play on words to sound like “fiancé,” a pun which the court found could dispel consumer confusion. Judge Nathan analogized the issue to those decided in a 1993 Seventh Circuit case, Nike, Inc. v. “Just Did It” Enterprises. In that case, products featuring the word “MIKE” with a swoosh design which Nike alleged infringed upon its trademarks didn’t infringe as the pun in the design was sufficient to dispel confusion among consumers. “Evidence in the record indicates that many purchasers of FEYONCÉ products are, in fact, engaged, just as many MIKE product purchasers were named Mike,” Judge Nathan’s opinion reads. A rational trier of fact could still conclude that there was consumer confusion, and several Polaroid factors did weigh in favor of finding a likelihood of confusion, but that wasn’t a conclusion that the court could make as a matter of law on summary judgment. The pun between “FEYONCÉ” and “fiancé” also helped the defendants survive the other motions for trademark dilution and unfair competition. On the dilution claim, the court cited to the Second Circuit’s 1996 decision in Hormel Foods Corp. v. Jim Henson Productions, Inc. which found that parody tends to increase rather than undermine the public identification of the public mark. Plaintiffs’ claims of unfair competition also failed at summary judgment because the likelihood of confusion between the marks couldn’t be established. Because triable issues of fact remain, Judge Nathan also denied Beyoncé’s motion for permanent injunction. This isn’t the only interesting trademark matter which has involved Beyoncé in recent months. Beyoncé’s attempts to trademark the name of her daughter Blue Ivy have been thwarted in large part by an opposition filed by a Boston, MA-area event planning firm using the same name. The pop singer has also tried to trademark the names of her twins Rumi and Sir Carter but information on the record in the Blue Ivy case has raised the question of whether Beyoncé and her husband Jay-Z are committing fraud on the USPTO by applying for trademarks without a legitimate intent to use the marks in commerce. Image Source: Deposit Photos.Q: How can I light a staged showroom interior, where there is no ceiling to bounce light from? Now that I have successfully shot some home interiors, I now have an assignment to shoot a showroom! It looks like a typical house; kitchen, bathroom, bedroom, etc. The only difference is there's no white ceiling where I can bounce my off-camera speedlight. The good news is, unlike most real homes, the showroom has fully working light bulbs. My lighting equipment is limited to 2 naked speedlights (I don't have umbrellas/softboxes). Should I just forget about it and go the multiple exposure route? A: If the place has no ceiling, bring your own. White cardboard is an obvious cheap one. Styrofoam is lightweight and holds its shape better than cardboard (depending on the thickness of your cardboard. Any "professional" reflector will make you look more professional, but at a cost. For some clients it could be bad to show up with some cardboard. "Are you charging us for using the cardboard you took from our garbage?" To hold it in place, either use a stand or yourself. This largely depends how you want to bounce the light. The cone of light from your flash increases in diameter, which means you need a larger reflect the higher you want to hold it. Speaking of which: to determine the size of the reflector, take a few test shots at home in your usual setup but photograph a mirror. This way you can see the area on the ceiling that the flash bounces off. Depending on the zoom setting and the ceiling height you will find the area to be rather large (heck, that's the whole point of it and what makes the images look so good) You will most likely not be able to get all of this with your smaller reflector. The result will not be the same as using the ceiling, but depending on the reflector you can probably still achieve good results with it. Prepare as much as possible at home, but most importantly: communicate the situation with your client. They are not photographers. They do not know that a white ceiling is important for your work. They want nice looking images and I see no reason why they would not want to help you. Maybe they have some equipment for their showrooms to hold up the reflector. Depending on the time schedule and deadline, offer to take a limited set of images for a smaller price beforehand. this allows you to make yourself familiar with the situation and they don't have to go all-in on somebody who has not too much experience with this. If they like the images, do the rest. This also gives you and them time to think about the images of the first session and do things differently in the second session. It's not like you have one huge chunk of images and then they are like "...oh, you know what would be cool..." Information to help workersfacing layoffExperiencing a layoff is often the most difficult experience a workerwill face during their career. During layoff, SPEEA is working andavailable to help represented employees with information, resourcesand assistance with the benefits they have earned.Click on the links below to learn more.Useful links:LONDON — Google says it's now carrying real-time quotes from major stock exchanges in Britain, Italy and Germany. The company says in a blog post that it is publishing live data from the London Stock Exchange, Deutsche Boerse and Borsa Italia. Google Inc. first introduced real-time quotes to its website in 2008 following deals with the New York Stock Exchange and Nasdaq. The blog post on Tuesday said the Mountainview, Calif.-based, company also carries real-time data from China and India. Financial terms weren't disclosed. Emails to Google seeking further comment on the deal weren't immediately returned.Cinnamon for Diabetes: It Helps … a Little There may be no harm in adding cinnamon to your diabetes regimen, but does it really help? A small clinical trial used a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind design to test the effects of daily intake of 2 g of cinnamon on A1c (glycated hemoglobin), blood pressure, and lipid profiles. From 3 sites within the United Kingdom, 58 patients with Type 2 diabetes and A1c > 7% on oral antihyperglycemic medication were randomly assigned to receive either cinnamon (n = 30) or placebo (n = 28) for 12 weeks. A1c, fasting glucose, high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), triglycerides, as well as body weight, body mass index and waist circumference were measured at study entry and again at 12 weeks after the intervention. Patients were 55 years old and most (57%) were Asian/Asian British (Indians/Pakistani/Bangladeshi), while another 26% were black. Although all were receiving oral antihyperglycemics, 76% were on metformin monotherapy, only 34% were receiving antihypertensives, and 33% were taking statins. At baseline, the groups did not differ on any of the clinical measures of interest, with mean A1c of about 8.4% and mean blood pressure of about 133/86 mm Hg. However, after 12 weeks, A1c decreased by 0.36% in the cinnamon group vs. a 0.12% increase in the placebo group (P = .002). Changes in systolic (-4 mm Hg vs. +1 mm Hg, P < .001) and diastolic (-4 mm Hg vs. -1 mm Hg, P < .001) blood pressure also favored the cinnamon group. Nonsignificant differences in body weight (-2.9% vs. -0.5%, P = .183) and waist circumference (-2.4 cm vs. -0.6 cm, P = .354) were also observed. The sale of dietary supplements is a multibillion dollar industry that is mainly comprised of products that have not undergone rigorous scientific testing to validate their effectiveness claims. Patients with diabetes are 1.6 times more likely to use dietary supplements or other forms of complementary and alternative medicine, and a number of products are believed to reduce hyperglycemia. One such product is cinnamon. Although a previous study found that cinnamon reduced fasting glucose, a meta-analysis of 5 trials did not find a reduction in A1c with cinnamon intake. The apparent A1c and blood pressure benefits reported in the current study were relatively small, the trial was of short duration, and the study population was also somewhat atypical. In any case, it remains to be seen whether these results can be achieved in a more representative sample and sustained over a longer period. The weight and waist circumference results were interesting but nonsignificant. Perhaps more importantly, the patients in this study appeared to be undertreated. Far more should probably be receiving antihypertensives, especially angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, statins, and a second antihyperglycemic agent as well. If there is a limit to the number of pills an individual is willing to
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2120, 273, 1966, 1495, 2, 1500, 1364, 417 ]	some of the restless energy that had made listening to him an exhausting experience. I felt that he was nearing the crisis at the heart of his story, and that he knew, at some level of his being, that to continue would be to confront the true depths of his illness. I was not disappointed. "Abiha stayed for one hour," Gordon told me. "She assured me that she was not a spirit from beyond the grave, and that she was no more or less human than I. She said that she had journeyed to our world from another, one called Surobia, although that was not the place of her birth. That was yet another world, Arora, which she had left more than a year ago—to explore, she said, like some female Livingstone. These other worlds she spoke of are not transcendental dimensions or Heaven's empty halls, apparently. They orbit the sun as the earth does, home to animals and plants and civilizations like ours. Sometimes they approach one another, and for periods lasting around a fortnight, which Abiha described as 'congress,' those few individuals who have the trick of it can make the crossing. "Yes, Michaels, raise your eyebrows. I won't deny I did the same at first. Where are these worlds, exactly? If they were as real as she claimed, would we not see them through our telescopes and feel their effects in our world's stately progression about the sun? But as she talked, I remembered the alchemists of old and their insistence that this world was not the only one of human experience. I thought of the ice ages and the various other cataclysms that have befallen our changeable Earth. What if there truly are such worlds in a reality alongside ours, orbiting a sun that exists in all realities? What if the ancients were right and we moderns so very, very wrong? "Take Philolaus. He imagined a Central Fire that bright Sol orbited, and about which another Earth, the Antichthon, also circled, forever hidden from us. Then there are the levels and spheres of Cabalism, all reaching out from a central, fiery point. What about the Heart of the Sun in Uthman ibn Suwaid's Turba Philosophorum? Or Hermes Trismegistus's Utmost Body, that alchemists could fly to with the Philosopher's Stone?" I cut across his lecture—almost a sermon, such was the intensity with which he spoke—to convey my surprise that a man of science could place any faith at all in the ravings of lunatics and mystics. Hadn't their theories been proven wrong centuries ago, or exposed as the carefully encoded ceremonies of a depraved cult of sensualists? "Sir Isaac Newton was an alchemist," Gordon responded. "Did you know that? The man who gave us calculus and the laws of gravitation, perhaps the greatest scientist who ever lived—he would scoff at your skepticism, sir, and with good reason, I think. "And as for the allegation of copulation, well—all the alchemists I've spoken of believed in the union of the sexes and the power it unleashes, so perhaps there is something to that too. Take Asclepius, or Kulacudamani Tantra and the Realized Ones of the tantric arts, or The Yellow Emperor's Canon of the Nine-Vessel Spiritual Elixir—look them up yourself if you don't believe me!" Needless to say, Inspector Berkeley, I have not done so. I am no prude, but I have no use for the ravings of charlatans. I was, however, keenly aware of the word congress in the context of Doctor Gordon's narration, and the close relation between its appearance and that of the mysterious other woman. His description of her spoke volumes, as did his confusion of intellect with passion, and his willingness to drug his wife in order to conduct an illicit nocturnal rendezvous in his laboratory. It seemed clear to me, then, what dark truth his own mind could not yet bear to look at directly. I gave him a moment to compose himself, then asked that he tell me all that had transpired between him and the nocturnal, exotic Abiha. AS BEST I can remember (he said) this is it. "We all of us, Doctor Gordon, have places of significance," she said. "Mine are the workshops of men like you, great thinkers who propel our species out of the darkness of ignorance and into the light of the intellect. I am drawn to such places and to the work performed there. That is why I have come to you. I felt the power of your experiments rippling out across the Helioverse, calling me to you. "No, do not speak. Listen first. You have evidently mastered the art to some degree, or I would never have found you, congress or no congress, and I see by the books you have assembled that you are treading in the footsteps of great men—and great women, too. Sex is no impediment to inspiration, as your research will have revealed to you, I hope. "Soon our worlds will diverge once more, and I have therefore only a brief opportunity to examine your progress. I desire to know how far along the path you have come. Will you tell me? Will you hold nothing back? Knowledge shared is knowledge doubled, as we say on my world. Together we will travel much farther than apart." Thus she set me off into the very same presentation I gave to the Royal Institution, three days earlier. I prefaced it by describing my nightmare of a polluted world and my dream of the perfect means of transportation, at which she nodded most vigorously, her eyes alight with interest. I thought I had found the perfect audience—from whom I expected to learn much more in turn—and I roamed about the laboratory, gesticulating, and demonstrating each piece of equipment as I came to it. She followed me closely and did not interrupt, not even to ask questions about the more esoteric details of my theory. I mistook her attention for understanding, even approval. I did not notice her furrowed brow until my demonstration of the prototype flux duplicator, the core component of my dream transport system, concluded. "What is it?" I asked her. "Where have I erred? The theory is new, I know—I am, perhaps, the only person in this world who could understand it—but I am sure it is as familiar to you as a child's multiplication tables." "Familiar?" she said. "Hardly, Doctor Gordon. Machines mean nothing to me. I came here to see you, to hear about your work, not theirs. What set you off along this path? What strange occurrence? There must have been some kind of spatial bilocation to prove to you the possibility of this method." "Bilocation?" I echoed her in turn, and it felt suddenly as though we were speaking different languages. "Yes, a transference from locus to locus, possibly achieved by accident rather than design. You clearly know nothing of the Helioverse, but that doesn't rule out travel in this world alone. What is your significant location?" "I don't understand," I said, with utter frankness. "You don't? So what made you think you could ever enslave this talent to a mere device? Where is the practical principle that guided your research?" "In all honesty," I said, reminded of my ordeal at the Institute, "I possess nothing other than thought experiments, but I am close to demonstrating a functional circuit—" "A working execution-machine, you mean. It is guaranteed not to work." "But my theories—" "Your eddies in a river are marvellously metaphoric, Doctor Gordon, but you have failed to pursue them to their logical conclusion. What would happen if you froze an eddy long enough to re-create it? On being released from the icebox the eddy would dissolve into ordinary water, and you would be left with nothing. Put yourself through this contraption of yours, and you too would dissolve. Die, if you prefer. Better that these devices remain harmless trinkets, as I originally thought them to be, or you dismantle them and direct your efforts to more accomplishable aims." Abiha flicked the edge of one of my precious glass bells, making it chime a resonant, deep G. "I'm sorry, Doctor Gordon, but I beg you not to eradicate yourself in pursuit of a fundamentally flawed notion." I stared at her in shock and dawning horror. Could what she said really be true? "How do you travel, then," I asked her, "if not by machine?" "By will," she said, "and by art. That is all you need to swim the river of life." "Will you teach me?" She didn't answer immediately. On my desk lay a rare edition of the Picatrix, and she flicked through it as though seeking guidance. I sensed disappointment in her, along with disapproval, and waited anxiously for her response. I am a proud man, but I am not afraid to admit when I am wrong. A rigid mind is not a scientific mind. I would abandon all my research if it meant attaining the reality she had demonstrated to me that evening. My mind flew with the possibilities. World upon world upon world, all full of human life! She must not
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1168, 15069, 3914, 15069, 13, 370, 7267, 558, 996, 186, 5, 2520, 1168, 34046, 3914, 9127, 13, 370, 6870, 558, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 4387, 1159, 1071, 24306, 3378, 16801, 44292, 1082, 551, 996, 186, 5, 7267, 426 ]	'; $sql .= ' WHERE {title} IN (\'0900\');'; $this->assertEqual($sql, $this->_db->renderCommand($query)); $sql = 'SELECT * FROM {mock_database_posts} AS {MockDatabasePost} WHERE '; $sql .= 'lower(title) = \'test\';'; $query = new Query([ 'type' => 'read', 'model' => $this->_model, 'conditions' => ['lower(title)' => 'test'] ]); $this->assertEqual($sql, $this->_db->renderCommand($query)); $query = new Query([ 'type' => 'read', 'model' => $this->_model, 'conditions' => [(object) 'lower(title) = \'test\''] ]); $this->assertEqual($sql, $this->_db->renderCommand($query)); $sql = 'SELECT * FROM {mock_database_posts} AS {MockDatabasePost} WHERE '; $sql .= 'lower(title) = REGEXP \'^test$\';'; $query = new Query([ 'type' => 'read', 'model' => $this->_model, 'conditions' => [(object) 'lower(title) = REGEXP \'^test$\''] ]); $this->assertEqual($sql, $this->_db->renderCommand($query)); $query = new Query([ 'type' => 'read', 'model' => $this->_model, 'conditions' => ['lower(title)' => (object) 'REGEXP \'^test$\''] ]); $this->assertEqual($sql, $this->_db->renderCommand($query)); } public function testHaving() { $query = new Query([ 'type' => 'read', 'model' => $this->_model, 'having' => [ 'or' => [ 'id' => 'value1', 'title' => 'value2', 'and' => [ 'author_id' => '1', 'created' => '2012-05-25 23:41:00' ], ['title' => 'value2'], ['title' => null] ], 'id' => '3', 'author_id' => false ] ]); $sql = "SELECT * FROM {mock_database_posts} AS {MockDatabasePost} HAVING "; $sql .= "({MockDatabasePost}.{id} = 0 OR {MockDatabasePost}.{title} = 'value2' OR "; $sql .= "({MockDatabasePost}.{author_id} = 1 AND {MockDatabasePost}.{created} = "; $sql .= "'2012-05-25 23:41:00') OR ({MockDatabasePost}.{title} = 'value2') OR "; $sql .= "({MockDatabasePost}.{title} IS NULL)) AND {MockDatabasePost}.{id} = 3 AND "; $sql .= "{MockDatabasePost}.{author_id} = 0;"; $this->assertEqual($sql, $this->_db->renderCommand($query)); $query = new Query([ 'type' => 'read', 'model' => $this->_model, 'having' => ['title' => ['0900']] ]); $sql = 'SELECT * FROM {mock_database_posts} AS {MockDatabasePost}'; $sql .= ' HAVING {title} IN (\'0900\');'; $this->assertEqual($sql, $this->_db->renderCommand($query)); } public function testConstraints() { $model = $this->_model; $query = new Query([ 'type' => 'read', 'model' => $this->_model, 'with' => [ 'MockDatabaseComment' => [ 'constraints' => [ 'or' => [ ['custom_id' => 'MockDatabasePost.value_id'], ['custom_id' => 'id'], 'and' => [ 'id' => 'MockDatabasePost.id', 'title' => 'MockDatabasePost.title' ], ['title' => (object) $this->_db->value('value2')], ['title' => null] ], 'id' => 5 ] ] ] ]); $sql = 'SELECT * FROM {mock_database_posts} AS {MockDatabasePost} LEFT JOIN '; $sql .= '{mock_database_comments} AS {MockDatabaseComment} ON '; $sql .= '(({MockDatabasePost}.{custom_id} = {MockDatabasePost}.{value_id}) OR '; $sql .= '({MockDatabasePost}.{custom_id} = {MockDatabaseComment}.{id}) OR '; $sql .= '({MockDatabasePost}.{id} = {MockDatabasePost}.{id} '; $sql .= 'AND {MockDatabasePost}.{title} = {MockDatabasePost}.{title}) '; $sql .= 'OR ({MockDatabasePost}.{title} = \'value2\') '; $sql .= 'OR ({MockDatabasePost}.{title} IS NULL)) AND {MockDatabasePost}.{id} = 5;'; $this->assertEqual($sql, $this->_db->renderCommand($query)); } public function testReadConditionsWithModel() { $model = $this->_model; $options = [ 'type' => 'read', 'model' => $this->_model, 'conditions' => ['id' => 1, 'MockDatabaseComment.id' => 2], 'with' => ['MockDatabaseComment'] ]; $result = $this->_db->read(new Query($options), $options); $expected = 'SELECT * FROM {mock_database_posts} AS {MockDatabasePost} LEFT JOIN '; $expected .= '{mock_database_comments} AS {MockDatabaseComment} ON '; $expected .= '{MockDatabasePost}.{id} = {MockDatabaseComment}.{mock_database_post_id} '; $expected .= 'WHERE {MockDatabasePost}.{id} = 1 AND {MockDatabaseComment}.{id} = 2;'; $this->assertEqual($expected, $this->_db->sql); } public function testFields() { $query = new Query([ 'type' => 'read', 'model' => $this->_model, 'with' => ['MockDatabaseComment'] ]); $fields = ['id', 'title']; $result = $this->_db->fields($fields, $query); $expected = '{MockDatabasePost}.{id}, {MockDatabasePost}.{title}'; $this->assertEqual($expected,$result); $fields = [ 'MockDatabasePost' => ['id', 'title', 'created'], 'MockDatabaseComment' => ['body'] ]; $result = $this->_db->fields($fields, $query); $expected = '{MockDatabasePost}.{id}, {MockDatabasePost}.{title},'; $expected .= ' {MockDatabasePost}.{created}, {MockDatabaseComment}.{body}'; $this->assertEqual($expected,$result); $fields = ['MockDatabasePost', 'MockDatabaseComment']; $result = $this->_db->fields($fields, $query); $expected = '{MockDatabasePost}., {MockDatabaseComment}.'; $this->assertEqual($expected, $result); $fields = ['MockDatabasePost.id as idPost', 'MockDatabaseComment.id AS idComment']; $result = $this->_db->fields($fields, $query); $expected = '{MockDatabasePost}.{id} as idPost, {MockDatabaseComment}.{id} as idComment'; $this->assertEqual($expected, $result); $expected = ['' => ['idPost'], 'MockDatabaseComment' => ['idComment']]; $this->assertEqual($expected, $query->map()); $fields = [['count(MockDatabasePost.id)']]; $expected = 'count(MockDatabasePost.id)'; $result = $this->_db->fields($fields, $query); $this->assertEqual($expected, $result); $fields = [[(object) 'count(MockDatabasePost.id)']]; $expected = 'count(MockDatabasePost.id)'; $result = $this->_db->fields($fields, $query); $this->assertEqual($expected, $result); } public function testFieldsWithEmptyAlias() { $query =
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22784, 7544, 2523, 273, 253, 9462, 16015, 32079, 8631, 247, 1885, 6289, 281, 347, 12762, 19, 89, 1438, 89, 26, 68, 30428, 47134, 7096, 19, 89, 1438, 89, 26, 69, 15, 28771, 318, 273, 253, 8144, 47134, 1885, 4419, 854, 281, 884, 23664, 17249, 273, 20131, 313, 531, 3301, 10, 281, 897 ]	of protest inspired activists across the country to join the fight to ensure that health care is a human right. And despite his deteriorating physical condition, Ady has always projected boundless joy and optimism into the world—even as the Capitol Police repeatedly took him into custody for expressing radical acts of love through nonviolent civil disobedience. Current Issue View our current issue Today, Ady is continuing to help build a powerful grassroots movement to win Medicare for All. (Senator Sanders is the author of the Medicare for All Act of 2019.) Health care is the leading issue dominating the Democratic presidential primary campaign. A veteran organizer at the Center for Popular Democracy, Ady’s ability to combine strategic organizing with tactical action is extraordinary. He has exemplified social justice work on a national level, showing a path beyond retrenchment that connects a vision of transformative justice with grassroots activism. For many of us, Ady Barkan represents the moral center of the political revolution. “Ady taught me that no matter how difficult the circumstances are, we can’t give up, because so many are counting on us,” said Linda Sarsour, cofounder of the Women’s March. “In Ady’s world, every breath is sacred and used to make this world just a little better than we found it ” Ady’s catalytic confrontation with Senator Jeff Flake made national headlines, but did not end with a viral video. Instead, it sparked what would become an urgent national discussion about health care. Ady’s story resonated across party identification and ideology, because everyone in America knows what it’s like to have a family member who is ill. Since that fateful exchange with Senator Flake on the airplane, Barkan went on to launch the Be A Hero PAC, which has raised $4.5 million to defeat Maine Senator Susan Collins in favor of a progressive candidate. As his physical condition deteriorates, Ady continues to participate in civil disobedience. He’s been arrested in the US Capitol building half a dozen times, and earlier this year, I was by his side when he testified in support of Medicare for All. I was awestruck by Ady’s bravery and ability to articulate a clear set of demands to lawmakers about an issue that affects all of us. I was also furious. Furious because our health care system has failed Ady, and so many people in America. “This moment calls on us all to become organizers,” Ady wrote last November. “To be heroes for our communities and future generations. To talk to our less political friends, neighbors, classmates, and co-workers, and to enlist them in this experiment we call American democracy.”Q: What is a momentary SPST Push Button Switch? I want to buy a switch (push button) where you press it to break the circuit and then press again to connect the circuit. I believe that this is what I'm looking for: However, I'm not entirely sure. I only want to use this for a basic circuit, and I mean really basic, so don't worry about anything there. A: SPST NO (Normally Open) Momentary switch is exactly what is inside a computer keyboard - press for on, let go for off. It sounds like you are looking for a Latching switch (works like a ballpoint pen) instead of Momentary. If you can only find one with more poles or features (DPDT) it'll do the job - just ignore the extra features. A brief look shows this from the same seller, I suspect he has others... This invention relates to a novel archway apparatus which is useful for building in wilderness areas, access roads, such as logging roads and secondary roads, over waterways such as streams and creeks, while causing little or not impact to sensitive wilderness environment. Typical road building processes in wilderness areas require the use of culverts in watershed areas to enable water to flow under the roadways built in those areas. Such culverts are typically constructed of corrugated steel pipe (CSP) or polyethylene-(HDPE) pipe. Installing these culverts requires that the creek or stream bed be disturbed or altered. This silt disruption upsets the natural habitat of the creek bed and causes harmful silt to move downstream. This can damage sensitive fish (including salmon) spawning beds. Once a culvert is installed, further problems arise. Water flowing through the confined interior of the culvert has higher than normal velocity. This occurs particularly during high water levels. Water flowing from the outlet (downstream) side of the culvert is turbulent and causes erosion in the creek bed area downstream of the culvert. Furthermore, since movement of the water through the culvert is restricted, water tends to back-up on the inlet (upstream) side of the culvert. This can cause erosion on the banks upstream of the culvert. The use of corrugated steel pipe (CSP) in building road culverts has been widespread. Such culverts rust over time, thereby causing an unnatural form of iron oxide pollution in the streams. CSP pipes are usually galvanized with zinc to reduce rusting. However, the zinc, in itself, as a natural process of erosion, releases a certain amount of zinc metal toxins to the waterways. This is in addition to the rust that is imposed on the environment after the zinc galvanization has corroded away. In many cases, old rusted CSP installations deteriorate structurally in strength to a point where they must be replaced. Replacement further disturbs the creek and stream beds. Over the years, numerous attempts have been made to avert such damage to creek and stream beds. Furthermore, there has been increasing pressure to preserve the environment and provide a managed balance between industrial and recreation use and conservation of natural resources. The Federal Department of Fisheries and Oceans (D.F.O.) and the British Columbia Ministry of Environment are in the process of changing their policy so as not to allow the replacement of CSP culverts with any product that disrupts the stream or creek beds. See a complete report of these requirements: Harper, D.J. and Quigley, J. T. 2000. No Net Loss of Fish Habitat: An Audit of Forest Road Crossings of Fish-Bearing Streams in British Columbia, 1996-1999. Canadian Technical Report of Fish and Aquatic Sciences 2319 (a 44 page report identified as CTR 2319). Alternatives such as suspended wooden trestle bridges, arches of rolled plate steel, and culverts of HDPE cut in half, and, of late, a material similar to CSP, have been used to overcome the typical problems associated with road building in environmentally sensitive areas. However, some of these alternative systems are costly and span distances are limited. Steel structures of any design suffer from the problem of rusting and thus contamination. In most cases, it is necessary to use heavy equipment for placement of the new heavy structures. This causes further disruption. The Federal Government of Canada has embarked on a program known as xe2x80x9cHarmful Alterations, Disruption or Destruction of Fish Habitatxe2x80x9d(H.A.D.D.), 1998. A search of the art reveals that different culvert attempts and designs have been published. A recent design is the use of xc2xexe2x80x3 plate steel that has been developed by Sanders and Company Contracting Ltd., sold under the trade-mark ENVIRO-PIPES. A simple calculation of the weight of xc2xdxe2x80x3 plate steel confirms that a mobile crane is required to place this plate structure in a creek bed or remove this structure from the creek bed once the road requires decommissioning. Furthermore, a structure of this size would require a low bed and truck for transport to and from the installation site. Another product on the market comprises a non-corrugated plastic arch. This arch is discussed in the December 1999 issue of Forest Engineering Research Institute of Canadaxe2x80x94Eastern Division. This product is manufactured by KWH Pipe (Canada) Ltd. and is known as the KWH Arch. This product is available to a maximum diameter of 2.3 meters. Once the pipe is cut in half, it expands to 24% larger than its original diameter. Thus the structure becomes somewhat less than half-circle. Since there are no footings along the edges that contact the ground, and with the tension placed on the structure upon installation, the product would tend to sink or be depressed into the banks of the creek bed. This therefore causes further deflection of the pipe from its original less than half circle configuration and compromises the integrity of the structure. There is a real possibility of collapse of the structure under load. A further culvert product is supplied by Armtec Construction Products. Their product is called a xe2x80x9cMini Span Bridgexe2x80x9d. The Mini Span I has a maximum width of 1800 mm. The Mini Span is brought to the site as a one-piece assembled structure. The Mini Span II is available to a width of 3660 mm, making transport of this structure difficult and costly. Required footing and structural support demands trained installers and heavy equipment for installation. This product is also made of galvanized material and other steel components that require treatment to avoid rusting. An article by Soleno Inc. in the November/December 1999 issue of the Canadian Forest Industries describes a product referred to as xe2x80x9cSolArcxe2x80x9d. Installation of the SolArc product requires 8 to 10 cubic meters of logs (one load) to use
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738, 1639, 3934, 6408, 39420, 274, 15297, 416, 23051, 14, 257, 14, 58, 443, 42925, 2896, 5858, 313, 8720, 58, 6920, 2262, 247, 6724, 46650, 12602, 323, 247, 12266, 273, 1384 ]	mean threshold of 10 and standard deviation of 2.5, correlations between pairs of thresholds obtained with 100 reversals each are relatively stable, at 0.67, 0.7, and 0.65 for our 3 lapse rate conditions. This stability in correlations across differing lapse rates happens because lapses alter the mean of the probability distribution of thresholds, but not its relative standard deviation. Checking for consistency of reversal points within a staircase run is another intuitive potential approach to identifying data with lapses. However in the same simulation for 20 reversals, the standard deviation of reversal points was 5.2, 5.4 and 5.4, respectively, providing no information about the presence of the lapses. This probably happens because the range of reversal points is not extended by these lapses but is simply shifted (0% lapses, mean range 9.9–27.2; 5% lapses, 9.9–28.4; 10% lapses, 10.6–29.4). It is worth noting that the lapse rates tested here are purposefully conservative and probably don’t represent the poorest performance that is observed in some studies with children (see, for example, the plots in McArthur & Hogben, 2012). If a participant lapses consistently over a long period during a run of trials, for example, then the effects of this may be visible in the measures tested above. However, these measures clearly do not identify participants who lapse randomly at low rates, despite the impact that these lapses have on the measured threshold estimate. The problem of lapses in psychophysical data is therefore difficult to solve in a satisfying way. An alternative approach to measuring sensory sensitivity, which bypasses the need for obtaining behavioural response from participants, is to use neurophysiological measures. Mismatched negativity (MMN) is an evoked response elicited by a change in a stimulus parameter embedded in a sequence, and which has been used to index sensory sensitivity in a range of developmental settings (Näätänen et al., 2007). The MMN response is modifiable by contributions from sources in the frontal lobes, and is sensitive to the cognitive symptoms of disorders such as schizophrenia, so although considered pre-attentive in origin it is not entirely free of cognitive influence. Bishop (2007) has provided a critical review of the use of this method in research of developmental disorders. It is also possible to construct “cortical psychometric functions” from auditory evoked responses measured with neurophysiological data, a method which shows promise for bias-free estimates of threshold (Witton et al., 2012). Yet there are challenges associated with using neuroimaging techniques with children (Witton, Furlong & Seri, 2013) and for the majority of studies, psychophysics will remain the method of choice. Developing strategies to reduce the likelihood of lapses during adaptive procedures, especially through improving task engagement by children (e.g., Abramov et al., 1984), is therefore critical—as is the use of statistical methods which are sensitive to the limitations of these procedures. Future behavioural studies taking an individual-differences approach (e.g., Talcott, Witton & Stein, 2013) can potentially help improve our understanding of the link between cognitive factors such as attention and memory, and psychophysical performance, especially if these studies make detailed estimates of psychometric functions and lapse rates. Convergent measures, especially physiological measures such as eye-movement recordings, which can monitor a child’s physical engagement with a visual stimulus, would also improve the extent to which researchers can determine the validity of individual trials. Finally, the application of neuroimaging techniques, especially those with high temporal resolution (i.e., MEG and EEG) could provide useful evidence to help unpick the cognitive processes that underpin variable task performance. Conclusions Overall, the findings from the simulations presented here suggest that the accuracy and efficiency of studies using adaptive procedures in untrained and especially paediatric populations are best maximised by very careful choice of adaptive procedure, taking into account the psychophysical properties of the task and stimulus. This should be followed by careful statistical analysis, especially when comparing groups. Investing in innovations able to improve quality time-on-task, particularly for children, in relevant studies will greatly improve data quality, if trial-numbers can be increased. Attempting to index individuals’ lapse rates, and incorporating this information into statistical analyses, would also enable researchers to account for the impact of such differences on experimental findings. Supplemental Information Theoretical convergence points determined by the adjustment rule of a staircase are based on the assumption of a cumulative normal psychometric function. When simulated using a Weibull function, the procedures converge at a very slightly lower value; the 2-down, 1-up staircase converges at 70.2% correct rather than 70.7% after 1,000 reversals. These small differences are negligible in the context of the effects described here. Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Professor Genevieve McArthur, Dr. Nicholas Badcock, and an anonymous reviewer for their insightful comments on an earlier version of this paper. Additional Information and Declarations Competing Interests The authors declare there are no competing interests. Author Contributions Caroline Witton conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper. Joel B. Talcott conceived and designed the experiments, wrote the paper, reviewed drafts of the paper. G. Bruce Henning conceived and designed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, reviewed drafts of the paper. Report a problem Our promise PeerJ promises to address all issues as quickly and professionally as possible. We thank you in advance for your patience and understanding. Type of problem Details 500 characters remaining Follow this publication for updates "Following" is like subscribing to any updates related to a publication. These updates will appear in your home dashboard each time you visit PeerJ. You can also choose to receive updates via daily or weekly email digests. If you are following multiple publications then we will send you no more than one email per day or week based on your preferences. Note: You are now also subscribed to the subject areas of this publication and will receive updates in the daily or weekly email digests if turned on. You can add specific subject areas through your profile settings.May 11 10:25 PM PT11:25 PM MT12:25 AM CT1:25 AM ET1:25 ET5:25 GMT13:25 10:25 PM MST12:25 AM EST11:25 PM CST12:55 AM VEN9:25 UAE12:25 AM CT-Nick Wittgren did not allow a hit or walk in 2.0 scoreless innings as the Cleveland Indians lost to the Oakland Athletics 4-3 on Friday. Wittgren struck out two, ending the game with a 1.32 ERA and 0.73 WHIP on the season. May 8 6:05 PM PT7:05 PM MT8:05 PM CT9:05 PM ET21:05 ET1:05 GMT9:05 6:05 PM MST8:05 PM EST7:05 PM CST8:35 PM VEN5:05 UAE (+1)8:05 PM CT-Nick Wittgren allowed one hit without giving up a run in 1.0 inning as the Cleveland Indians defeated the Chicago White Sox 5-3 on Wednesday. Wittgren did not strike out a batter, ending the game with a 1.54 ERA and 0.86 WHIP on the season. May 6 6:16 PM PT7:16 PM MT8:16 PM CT9:16 PM ET21:16 ET1:16 GMT9:16 6:16 PM MST8:16 PM EST7:16 PM CST8:46 PM VEN5:16 UAE (+1)8:16 PM CT-Nick Wittgren allowed one run on one hit in 0.1 innings as the Cleveland Indians lost to the Chicago White Sox 9-1 on Monday. Wittgren did not strike out a batter, ending the game with a 1.69 ERA and 0.84 WHIP on the season. Apr. 14 2:45 PM PT3:45 PM MT4:45 PM CT5:45 PM ET17:45 ET21:45 GMT5:45 2:45 PM MST4:45 PM EST3:45 PM CST5:15 PM VEN1:45 UAE (+1)4:45 PM CT-Nick Wittgren did not allow a hit or walk in 1.1 scoreless innings as the Cleveland Indians lost to the Kansas City Royals 9-8 on Sunday. Wittgren did not strike out a batter, ending the game with a 0.00 ERA and 0.50 WHIP on the season. Apr. 12 8:29 PM PT9:29 PM MT10:29 PM CT11:29 PM ET23:29 ET3:29 GMT11:29 8:29 PM MST10:29 PM EST9:29 PM CST10:59 PM VEN7:29 UAE (+1)10:29 PM CT-Nick Wittgren allowed one hit without giving up a run in 1.1 innings as the Cleveland Indians lost to the Kansas City Royals 8-1 on Friday. Wittgren struck out two, ending the game with a 0.00 ERA and 0.75 WHIP on the season.Impact of Mesenteric Defect Closure During Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (LRYGB): a Retrospective Study for a Total of 20
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187, 510, 10258, 266, 3422, 4908, 285, 17515, 6919, 273, 475, 47, 15, 25801, 66, 11, 6505, 452, 275, 8427, 3270, 14, 10367, 24406, 4712, 15, 380, 1331, 1983, 24406, 2425, 285, 3480, 273, 7928, 14386, 310, 5125, 281, 39954, 253, 4321, 3916, 1160, 407, 253, 27247, 757, 5899, 24432, 15, 187, 187, 510, 4477, 403, 31115, 281, 253, 2499, 273, 443, 857, 274, 323, 44303, 253, 12602, 15, 187, 187, 35558, 1712, 52, 19035, 94, 187, 18669, 187, 187, 11645, 13, 3975, 358, 29197, 249, 14, 3169, 17175, 1515, 34294, 28, 18929, 13, 10330, 273, 657, 14417, 28, 473, 36956, 13, 17273, 323, 19190, 15859, 318, 285, 9753, 28, 8153, 13, 39836, 36881, 28, 353, 1267, 13, 9601, 38312, 6865, 28, 13626, 13, 38826, 366, 42236, 3850, 6470, 460, 28, 5578, 55, 13, 367, 16970, 894, 4644, 28, 4653, 3979, 84, 13, 367, 16970, 2502, 2614, 1341, 28, 33948, 13, 2502, 2614, 894, 28, 18555, 13, 12144, 11759, 273, 9601, 28, 32500, 13, 18300, 30454, 323, 253, 8404, 13416, 28, 18896, 13, 3645, 4775, 17273, 15, 187, 187, 39671, 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424, 35558, 6098, 1889, 13, 46685, 28, 20091, 13, 35755, 1824, 313, 12373, 1453, 558, 330, 50, 13, 775, 3833, 18101, 460, 313, 10247, 1453, 558, 7956, 13, 18934, 4908, 15, 187, 187, 5180, 20, 5218, 1401, 16927, 6098, 23409, 403, 3559, 347, 9601, 3069, 23015, 28, 295, 30, 22, 15, 23409, 403, 1534, 387, 475, 49, 16160, 17, 15, 1762, 13, 5042, 66, 63, 3118, 1096, 281, 253, 4016, 1453, 13, 5042, 67, 63, 2429, 281, 253, 2762, 1453, 15, 31713, 49, 16160, 17, 15, 1762, 13, 38710, 49, 16160, 17, 15, 520, 13, 22004, 22635, 49, 16160, 17, 15, 2874, 15, 535, 50274, 424, 35558, 6098, 1879, 13, 401, 3460, 28, 20091, 13, 35755, 1824, 28, 495, 6, 53, 1438, 313, 12373, 1453, 582, 495, 6, 53, 855, 5096, 28, 330, 50, 313, 10247, 1453, 582, 10410, 18101, 460, 28, 329, 50, 39, 13, 17515, 6919, 28, 13528, 13, 10410, 45193, 6919, 28, 388, 71, 13, 295, 14, 15741, 1351, 6919, 15, 187, 187, 5180, 21, 5218, 1401, 16927, 6098, 23409, 403, 3559, 347, 9601, 3069, 23015, 15, 5042, 66, 63, 2429, 281, 253, 4016, 1453, 13, 5042, 67, 63, 2429, 281, 253, 2762, 1453, 15, 23409, 403, 1534, 387, 475, 49, 16160, 17, 15, 1762, 15, 38710, 49, 16160, 17, 15, 520, 13, 22004, 22635, 49, 16160, 17, 15, 2874, 15, 535, 50274, 424, 35558, 6098, 1889, 16, 4604, 13, 46685, 16, 39, 3460, 28, 7956, 13, 7306 ]	5,000 mg/kg oral administration. This showed that a lethal dose of 50% is greater than 5,000 mg/kg, which attests that plant products are frequently considered to be safe and have fewer adverse effects than synthetic ones.[@CIT0037] The in vivo antiplasmodial activities of N. Congesta crude extract and solvent fractions were investigated by evaluating the chemosuppression during early infection, while crude extract and aqueous fraction were used to evaluate the curative activity of the plant during established infection (Rane's test). In both suppressive and curative tests, determination of percent parasitemia suppression and improved survival days are the most widely used parameters for antiplasmodial activity screening.[@CIT0031],[@CIT0032] Since 500, 750, and 1,000 mg/kg crude extract and 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg aqueous fraction showed significant parasite suppression, they were further evaluated in curative test.[@CIT0047] In the 4-day chemosuppressive and Rane's test, the highest parasitemia suppression (100%) was recorded in the group treated with positive control (chloroquine), while the lowest parasitemia suppression (0%) was recorded in the group treated with the negative control, distilled water. N. congesta hydromethanolic extract exhibited dose dependent parasitemia suppression and prolonged the survival days of P. berghei infected mice, the highest activity recorded at the maximum dose administered. This is comparable with the activities of the previous reports exhibited by Polyalthia longifolia, Trichilia heudelotii, and melia azedarach.[@CIT0012],[@CIT0027] Parasitemia level in all extract and aqueous fraction treated groups was less than the group treated with negative controls. This revealed that extract and its aqueous fraction had a suppressive effect on the multiplication and erythrocyte infectivity of P. berghei parasites in mice. The hydromethanolic leaf extract of N. congesta suppressed parasitemia by 58.3%, the highest chemosuppression recorded from all the fractions evaluated in the current study. However, at lower concentrations (100, 200, 400 mg/kg), it exhibited insignificant activity as compared to the negative control. This could be attributable to the presence of an insufficient concentration of active principles at lower doses of the extract.[@CIT0015],[@CIT0032] The curative activities were significant at 1,000 mg/kg crude extract at day 7 and 400 and 600 mg/kg of aqueous fraction at days 5--7. Crude extract contains a collection of medicinal compounds and activities of one compound may mask the other or may be potentiated,[@CIT0032],[@CIT0046] hence, fractionation may help to eliminate potentially toxic, inactivating, and/or potentiating compounds.[@CIT0042] Aqueous fraction demonstrated dose dependant higher activity in blood parasitemia suppression against P. berghei than other fractions. The relatively higher activity of the aqueous fraction could be due to secondary metabolites present in crude extract which might be partitioned in the aqueous fraction.[@CIT0032],[@CIT0042] A report from the aqueous fraction of Nuxia species confirmed the presence of iridoid glycosides (mono terpenes),[@CIT0019] which are water soluble[@CIT0048],[@CIT0049] and have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory,[@CIT0050] antioxidant, immune modulating, and pain killing properties.[@CIT0049] These effects are highly associated with antimalarial activities.[@CIT0034],[@CIT0042],[@CIT0047] The MST is a very important parameter to evaluate the antimalarial activity of plant extracts.[@CIT0031] The aqueous fraction prolonged the survival time of P. berghei infected mice dose dependently. This might be due to the presence of secondary metabolites that prevent the overall pathologic effect of the parasite in the infected mice, like anti-inflammatory, antioxidant effects in addition to suppression of the parasite.[@CIT0051] N-hexane fraction did not show any parasitemia inhibition or prolongation of survival days in all dose-treated groups. On the other hand, at higher doses of the fraction the parasitemia level was increased. This could be due to loss of active constituents during fractionation[@CIT0032],[@CIT0042] or the constituents partitioned in this fraction may be immunosuppressants which can lower the immune system.[@CIT0017] The chloroform fraction did not exhibit dose dependent chemosupressive activity, efficacy diminished as the dose increased. This inconsistent effect might be attributed to constituents in the fraction which may follow different kinetics.[@CIT0052],[@CIT0053] In vivo percent mean suppression ≤90% with respect to negative control usually indicates the test compound is active.[@CIT0046] Accordingly, crude extract at 1,000 mg/kg (58.33%), aqueous fraction at 600 mg/kg (44.88%), and chloroform fraction at 200 mg/kg (15%) could be considered to be active against P. berghei. This activity could be attributed to a single or a combination of its secondary metabolites. Temperature and weight reduction are the hallmark of malaria infection in rodent models, indicating that an effective antimalarial agent should prevent temperature and body weight reduction in Plasmodium infected rodents. The dose dependent suppressive activities of the leaves of N. congesta crude extract and water fraction proposes that crude extract and water fraction do not have any toxic effects in experimental mice at the doses evaluated. Our acute oral toxicity study result also indicated that the plant extract was found to be safe at the maximum dose tested (5,000 mg/kg).[@CIT0038] However, tremendous body weight loss has been observed in mice treated with 400 mg/kg of n-hexane and chloroform fractions; this could be attributable to the feed intake depressing effect of metabolites and interfere with the protein digestion by saponins and tannins.[@CIT0054] Conclusion {#S0005} ========== The methanolic extract and aqueous fraction of N. congesta leaves have in vivo anti-malarial activities. The antimalarial activity and lack of acute toxicity is suggested to uphold the earlier claims made by the Ethiopian traditional practitioners. The authors are thankful to the University of Gondar for Funding the Study. Abbreviations {#S0006} ============= ACT, Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy; ANOVA, Analysis of Variance; OECD, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development; IP, Intraperitoneal; MST, Mean Survival Time; PBS, Phosphate Buffered Saline; PCV, Packed cell volume; PRBCs, Packed red blood cells; RBC, red blood cell; SEM, Standard Error of Mean; SPSS, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences; WHO, World Health Organization. Ethics Approval {#S0007} =============== All the experiments were conducted in accordance with internationally accepted laboratory animal use, care, and guidelines. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Department of Pharmacology/University of Gondar Ethics and Research Committee, Gondar-Ethiopia (SOP4/78/09). Data Sharing Statment {#S0008} ===================== Almost all the materials and data of our study are included in the manuscript, some of the material and data will be available to other researchers upon reasonable request. Authors' Information {#S0009} ==================== Mss Melshew Fenta (MSc), University of Gondar Specialized Referral Teaching Hospital, University of Gondar, P.O.Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia, e-mail: <[email protected]>. Author Contributions {#S0010} ==================== All authors have made substantial contributions in the conception and design, acquisition of data, analysis, and interpretation of data;All authors have made substantial contributions in drafting the article, and revising it critically for important intellectual content;All authors approved the final version the manuscript to be published;All authors have agreed on the work and have given final approval of the version to be published. Disclosure {#S0011} ========== The authors have no conflict of interest to disclose. [^1]: Notes: + = present, − = absent. [^2]: Notes: Values are presented as Mean±SEM; n=5. ^a^ compared to the negative control, ^b^ compared to the positive control. \*P\<0.05, \\P\<0.01, \\\*P\<0.001. Abbreviations: Ex, Extract; DW, distilled water (negative control); CQ, Chloroquine (positive control); CE, crude extract. [^3]: Notes: Values are presented as Mean±SEM; n=5. Values are significant at P\<0.05, ^a^compared to the negative control, ^b^ compared to the positive control. \*P\<0.05, \\P\<0.01, \\\*P\<0.001. Abbreviations: Fr, Fraction; DW, distilled water; 3%T80 (negative control), 3%Tween 80; CQ (positive control), chloroquine; AQF, aqueous fraction; CF, chloroform fraction; Hf, n-hexane fraction. [^4]: Notes: Values are presented as Mean±SEM. ^a^ compared to the negative control, ^b^ compared to the positive control. Values are significant at P\<0.05. \\P\<0.01, \\\*P\<0.001. Abbreviations: Ex/Fr, Extract/Fraction; CE, Cr
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3453, 13755, 273, 247, 4335, 278, 1189, 15, 380, 5694, 16, 36089, 778, 2486, 247, 5694, 16, 36089, 8039, 13, 247, 49927, 10877, 281, 253, 5694, 16, 36089, 8039, 13, 247, 24633, 10877, 387, 1878, 10571, 1561, 253, 5694, 16, 36089, 8039, 285, 4000, 17980, 670, 247, 24633, 9381, 7844, 13, 285, 247, 6322, 14, 1200, 8635, 2565, 17407, 3880, 5356, 9904, 281, 253, 24633, 15, 380, 6322, 14, 1200, 8635, 2565, 17407, 778, 2486, 247, 23722, 13, 534, 778, 2486, 247, 2613, 7660, 281, 253, 24633, 285, 247, 11234, 273, 31445, 43567, 15, 187, 187, 7573, 18027, 323, 253, 19853, 8037, 5694, 369, 3715, 407, 7953, 38, 342, 271, 8149, 273, 5512, 370, 1010, 3041, 15, 831, 2440, 3434, 310, 323, 5694, 10296, 273, 1029, 1612, 4038, 285, 1029, 6733, 15, 6102, 29247, 326, 403, 671, 1355, 285, 1708, 14, 6712, 403, 417, 2130, 327, 253, 6264, 2791, 984, 1029, 14, 9177, 29247, 452, 5431, 644, 908, 275, 1781, 9787, 4893, 835, 1355, 1979, 285, 1708, 2801, 403, 417, 6095, 15, 11940, 6304, 1940, 556, 644, 6684, 29247, 1580, 26052, 285, 310, 6110, 275, 19732, 2977, 697, 2561, 285, 2440, 8918, 281, 4711, 271, 3781, 273, 5694, 2718, 323, 9411, 285, 281, 1287, 247, 2852, 1386, 273, 4198, 15305, 3580, 15, 380, 7953, 38, 2770, 273, 253, 1263, 369, 3732, 281, 48330, 4893, 15, 380, 954, 12994, 4735, 273, 436, 5694, 310, 253, 19853, 2329, 8037, 13, 534, 778, 1056, 1896, 253, 8570, 273, 253, 5694, 65, 84, 17429, 4445, 432, 247, 2264, 35552, 273, 253, 6414, 273, 253, 5145, 604, 253, 1612, 5319, 403, 10599, 15, 380, 16566, 273, 436, 2199, 497, 281, 7472, 5795, 5637, 4446, 2718, 323, 5145, 5657, 285, 33170, 5637, 4446, 2718, 285, 281, 3609, 247, 1682, 5145, 1511, 323, 1016, 273, 1110, 4893, 15, 329, 2201, 5691, 273, 436, 2199, 369, 281, 4711, 247, 1355, 13, 1708, 14, 6712, 13, 4122, 5919, 5694, 387, 247, 2105, 14, 13116, 4376, 15, 380, 2199, 3715, 5145, 285, 5145, 4446, 2718, 285, 2216, 6866, 323, 253, 2491, 273, 4893, 15, 380, 2457, 1543, 2908, 253, 8869, 273, 247, 8245, 323, 6684, 5637, 4958, 5030, 797, 1949, 985, 11809, 13, 6041, 4958, 3948, 1329, 985, 11809, 13, 285, 7269, 5145, 4968, 16012, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 271, 19853, 8037, 9928, 10973, 5694, 369, 4270, 285, 5762, 13, 285, 3534, 13, 753, 581, 16518, 3206, 13, 247, 10335, 1981, 3045, 15, 831, 3434, 588, 6264, 907, 7269, 5694, 4302, 285, 9017, 3640, 285, 2216, 14603, 275, 253, 954, 5919, 5637, 5145, 2216, 1929, 3063, 15, 187, 187, 34, 24633, 273, 271, 5637, 5694, 323, 247, 5694, 4958, 310, 15616, 281, 271, 7844, 273, 9381, 323, 247, 1531, 3107, 3227, 649, 273, 271, 4812, 19776, 3948, 1907, 271, 4812, 19776, 3948, 285, 271, 5637, 5694, 15, 329, 1150, 1080, 310, 2530, 327, 253, 1531, 3107, 3227, 649, 13, 247, 7861, 5341, 4968, 310, 4441, 44423, 407, 253, 806, 1150, 1080, 281, 253, 1531, 3107, 3227, 649, 15, 329, 49927, 273, 253, 5637, 5694, 310, 15616, 281, 247, 1273, 1150, 1080, 2530, 327, 253, 7861, 5341, 4968, 15, 380, 49927, 310, 14049, 281, 253, 3948, 2972, 15, 380, 24633, 310, 15616, 281, 253, 1531, 3107, 3227, 649, 285, 14049, 26474, 15, 187, 187, 38, 8218, 29247, 21409, 625, 685, 581, 14, 14674, 273, 253, 8545, 2341, 4197, 407, 17367, 26992, 15, 496, 253, 16252, 8776, 13, 253, 2201, 5694, 3301, 310, 323, 19370, 2392, 285, 1959, 91, 398, 1223, 32487, 6500, 25903, 253, 5694, 3301, 275, 253, 6264, 1051, 187, 187, 46, 17894, 37614, 18700, 18809, 47648, 6282, 1282, 253, 5199, 323, 13546, 5694, 4958, 1924, 313, 46, 18601 ]	groups of parallel-connected condensers that are then separately connected, through high charging circuit resistances, to a source of DC potential with respect to ground, with an additional connecting lead being provided for each group to connect their output as an AC output to a load. These same leads can he used, when connected to a driver circuit, to produce motor action. This paper describes a hardware system designed to facilitate position and velocity control of a group of eight stepping motors using a PDP-11. The system includes motor driver cards and other interface cards in addition ... Section 313 of the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007 raised Federal minimum efficiency standards for general-purpose, single-speed, polyphase induction motors of 1 to 500 horsepower (hp). This new standard took effect in December 2010. The new minimum efficiency levels match FEMP's performance requirement for these motors. Premium efficient motors are available which convert electrical energy into mechanical energy with fewer losses than the more standard motors. The fewer losses in these motors are due to changes in the motor design and improved manufacturing methods... Project Summary Transportation energy usage is predicted to increase substantially by 2020. Hybrid vehicles and fuel cell powered vehicles are destined to become more prominent as fuel prices rise with the demand. Hybrid and fuel cell vehicle platforms are both dependent on high performance electric motors. Electric motors for transportation duty will require sizeable low-speed torque to accelerate the vehicle. As motor speed increases, the torque requirement decreases which results in a nearly constant power motor output. Interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSM) are well suited for this duty. , , These rotor geometries are configured in straight lines and semi circular arc shapes. These designs are of limited configurations because of the lack of availability of permanent magnets of any other shapes at present. We propose to fabricate rotors via a novel processing approach where we start with magnet powders and compact them into a net shape rotor in a single step. Using this approach, widely different rotor designs can be implemented for efficiency. The current limitation on magnet shape and thickness will be eliminated. This is accomplished by co-filling magnet and soft iron powders at specified locations in intricate shapes using specially designed dies and automatic powder filling station. The process fundamentals for accomplishing occurred under a previous Applied Technology Program titled, √?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬Ę√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?Motors and Generators for the 21st Century√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬Ę√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬Ě. New efficient motor designs that are not currently possible (or cost prohibitive) can be accomplished by this approach. Such an approach to motor fabrication opens up a new dimension in motor design. Feasibility Results We were able to optimize a IPMSM rotor to take advantage of the powder co-filling and DMC compaction processing methods. The minimum low speed torque requirement of 5 N-m can be met through an optimized design with magnet material having a Br capability of 0.2 T. This level of magnetic performance can be met with a variety of bonded magnet compositions. The torque ripple was found to drop significantly by using thinner magnet segments. The powder co-filling and subsequent compaction processing allow for thinner magnet structures to be formed. Torque ripple can be further reduced by using skewing and pole shaping techniques. The techniques can be incorporated into the rotor during the powder co-filling process. The first step to reducing energy costs and increasing reliability in motors is to establish a motor plan. A motor plan allows decisions to be made in advance of motor failure, and increases the options available. By contrast, most motor decisions... Edinburgh Motor Assessment (EMAS) is a brief motor screening test, specifically designed for assessment of patients with dementia, aphasia and other cognitive disorders. It focuses, therefore, on those motor symptoms, ... of industrial motor systems. (E-Source 1993; EPRI 1992; Nadel et al. 1992; Easton Consultants 1996) These publications take as their principal point of departure the 1980 study Classification and Evaluation ofElectric Motors and Pumps sponsored... of motor drive energy among the three major application groups for the four manufacturing sectors and for manufacturing facilities as a whole. These estimates are drawn from the Midwest database and the EPRI Electric Motors Study (1992). The results... 6. 6.1 MOTOR BIKES, MOPEDS, AND MOTOR SCOOTERS Registration and Operation Motor Bikes, Mopeds, and Motor Scooters are defined as motor vehicles and are subject to all regulations governing motor vehicle operation on the grounds of the University. Such a motor vehicle owned and operated by a member Electric motors account for sixty five percent of industrial energy consumed today. There are many opportunities to conserve electricity by using more energy efficient motors and drives. Proven technologies and practices can reduce energy... of faults or incipi- ent faults in electric motor drives: Sensorless torque measurement Direct detection as the motor. Exten- sive online monitoring of the motors can lead to greater plant availability, extended over the last several years, ade- quate data processing capability is now available on cost In a popular language, the possibilities of the Casimir expulsion effect are presented, which can be the basis of quantum motors. Such motors can be in the form of a special multilayer thin film with periodic and complex nanosized structures. Quantum motors of the type of the Casimir platforms can be the base of transportation, energy and many other systems in the future. Motor Control STEVEN P. WISE National Institute of Mental Health REZA SHADMEHR Johns Hopkins University I. What Controls Movement II. What the Motor System Controls III. Mechanisms of Motor Control IV. Motor Memory V. Flexibility in Motor Control VI. Evolution of the Motor System GLOSSARY agonist A muscle A motor/generator is provided for connecting between a transmission input shaft and an output shaft of a prime mover. The motor/generator may include a motor/generator housing, a stator mounted to the motor/generator housing, a rotor mounted at least partially within the motor/generator housing and rotatable about a rotor rotation axis, and a transmission-shaft coupler drivingly coupled to the rotor. The transmission-shaft coupler may include a clamp, which may include a base attached to the rotor and a plurality of adjustable jaws. Technology for the axial gap motor was developed by DOE with an investment of approximately $15 million. This development effort is for motor technologies of high power density and high efficiency. Such motors that are also small and light-weight are not available on the commercial market because high-power motors have typically been used in large industrial applications where small size and light weight are not requirements. AC Delco has been developing motors since 1918 and is interested in leveraging its research and development dollars to produce an array of motor systems for vehicles and to develop a future line of propulsion products. The DOE focus of the study was applied to machining applications. The most attractive feature of this motor is the axial air gap, which may make possible the removal of the motor`s stationary component from a total enclosure of the remainder of the machine if the power characteristics are adequate. The objectives of this project were to evaluate alternative electric drive systems for machine tools and automotive electric drive systems and to select a best machine type for each of those applications. A major challenge of this project was to produce a small, light-weight, highly efficient motor at a cost-effective price. The project developed machine and machine drive systems and design criteria for the range of applications. The final results included the creation of a baseline for developing electric vehicle powertrain system designs, conventional vehicle engine support system designs, and advanced machine tool configurations. In addition, an axial gap permanent magnet motor was built and tested, and gave, said one engineer involved, a sterling performance. This effort will commercialize advanced motor technology and extend knowledge and design capability in the most efficient electric machine design known today. A rotor of an electric motor for a motor vehicle is aligned to an axis of rotation for a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine having an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. A locator is provided on the crankshaft, a piloting tool is located radially by the first locator to the crankshaft. A stator of the electric motor is aligned to a second locator provided on the piloting tool. The stator is secured to the engine block. The rotor is aligned to the crankshaft and secured thereto. Electric motors consume more than one-half of the electrical energy produced by Ontario Hydro. In the residential sector, the major motor load is for refrigerators and freezers while packaged equipment dominate the motor load in the commercial... Motor Vehicle Record Procedure Objective Outline the procedure for obtaining motor vehicle record (MVR
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5682, 32613, 285, 253, 17879, 457, 84, 6277, 13675, 10207, 13, 1481, 273, 326, 6757, 457, 84, 16660, 68, 14628, 4828, 49587, 6757, 275, 1457, 2816, 432, 8441, 281, 7544, 13, 898, 16, 883, 812, 452, 644, 14415, 13, 17025, 8219, 15, 13675, 10207, 285, 473, 457, 41437, 13, 2032, 281, 830, 13, 497, 17123, 28851, 13, 7392, 272, 253, 43497, 273, 253 ]	Crane had handed them fossilized dinosaur excrement. Then, linking the stones to the work they were about to do [under the direction of Petraeus], Crane warned that their final work product shouldn’t simply be a polishing of old crap. He had their attention.” With this anecdote, Forrester had my attention. I tend to nod off reading most business books, not (I hope) because of my advanced age but rather because they represent polishing of old shit, shibboleths I’ve seen hundreds of time before. There was no nodding off as I absorbed the way-out-of-the-box case studies Forrester presents in a book that should be read by everyone in a position of power in any organization. “Consider” is a guide to reflection and consideration for decision-making in the twenty-first century. Instead of urging us to keep focused on the problem at hand, Forrester in many cases tells us to Stop Before We Screw Up, or as Dr. Robert Bea drills into his Civil and Environmental Engineering students at the University of California in Berkeley: “STOP, THINK, AND DONT DO SOMETHING STUPID!” This is the warning Bea wants to dramatize what he terms the inevitable “oh shit” moments that present themselves — before an actual engineering calamity like the April 2010 Deepwater Horizon/BP disaster happens. Maybe it will turn out that Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO), the operators of the damaged nuclear reactors in northeast Japan, made similar errors in the wake of the earthquake and tsunami of March 11. The stories and examples that Forrester presents in “Consider” demonstrate that the best decisions, insights, ideas and outcomes result when we take sufficient time to think and reflect. This seems to be an obvious rule, but the author emphasizes that our always-on wireless technology allows us to act and react more quickly than ever before. This isn’t a good thing because we are taking increasingly less time to consider our decisions before we make them. Reflection supplies an arsenal of ideas and solutions to the right problems. In addition to interviews of leaders such as Petraeus, Forrester talks to California attorney Brooksley Born, former head of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, and Dallas, Texas-based global investor Kyle Bass, who saw the worldwide meltdown coming as early as 2005, three years before it body-slammed the world. Bass’s foresight helped make money for his clients, rather than wiping them out. Forrester shows us that taking time and giving ourselves the mental space for reflection can mean the difference between total success and total failure. I was reminded of Charles Ferguson’s Oscar-winning feature documentary, “Inside Job” as I read in “Consider” how Iceland’s economy was ruined by the nation’s headlong rush into investing in the kind of unregulated new financial products Brooksley Born warned the Clinton Administration, and particularly Treasury Secretary Robert Rubin, about, to no avail. “Inside Job” has a “cold start” beginning (starting the film before the opening credits) concentrating on Iceland’s predicament. It’s a nation of less than 400,000 people, but similar mistakes were made in Greece, Hungary, Spain and — of course– the United States. We need more people like Brooksley Born, Kyle Bass, Robert Bea, David Petraeus and the others cited and/or interviewed by Forrester in his must-read book. And we need to turn off the distracting wireless devices and do some really deep thinking. About the author Daniel Patrick Forrester is a management consultant with over fifteen years experience leading complex strategy and technology evolution engagements for senior executives from Fortune 100 and 500 companies, and federal government organizations. Current and past clients include: Verizon, Sallie-Mae, Sprint, Dow Chemical, FMC Corporation, The Department of Homeland Security, The Library of Congress, The Congressional Research Service, and the United States Marine Corps. Forrester is frequently in demand as a public speaker at organizations such as The Brookings Institute and the top-ranked Booth School of Business at the University of Chicago. He is currently a Director and Executive within Sapient Government Services, a subsidary of Sapient Corporation. Reviewed by David M. Kinchen “Wherever you are, death will find you, even in the looming tower” – from the 4th Sura of the Quran, spoken by Osama bin Laden on a videotaped speech found on a computer taken from the Hamburg, Germany al-Qaeda cell Editor’s Note: This review was originally published on Sept. 11, 2006. It is being published again to coincide with Lawrence Wright’s visit to Huntington, West Virginia on Thursday, Sept. 29, 2011. To employ the often useful – and truthful cliché – if you read only one book on Osama bin Laden, Al-Qaeda and Islamist terrorism, that book should be “The Looming Tower: Al-Qaeda and the Road to 9/11” by New Yorker writer Lawrence Wright (Knopf, 480 pages, $27.95, illustrations, sources, cast of characters, bibliography, index). About that back-of-the-book feature “Principal Characters”: It’s absolutely essential — with all the Arab names in this book – to get them straight. More books should include them, as well as the voluminous notes, sources, persons interviewed, etc. in this exceptionally well documented book that immediately joins my short list of contenders for top prize books of 2006. By telling the story of the spiritual father of bin Laden’s form of Islamism, Sayyid Qutb, who studied in Greeley, CO in 1948, Wright places fundamentalist Islam in context. Qutb was a middle-class Egyptian who was both entranced and appalled by the diversity of America, where people of various nationalities and religions seemed to get along, albeit with much literal and physical jostling. Qutb traveled widely in the U.S. and was particularly entranced – and appalled – by the vitality of New York City, in sharp contrast to the decadence of Cairo in the last days of King Farouk’s regime. After discussing Qutb’s variety of fundamentalist Islam and its influence on young Muslims of all nationalities – Qutb was hanged by Nasser in 1966 – Wright concentrates his narrative four individuals: Osama bin Laden and Ayman Zawahiri, the leaders of al-Qaeda (Arabic for “The Base”) founded in Afghanistan in 1988 in the last days of the Soviet occupation; colorful FBI Agent John O’Neill, who died in the attack on the World Trade Center five years ago and Saudi Arabia’s former head of intelligence, Prince Turki al-Faisal, who started out as ally of bin Laden and ended up as his bitter enemy after the Saudi millionaire declared jihad on the Saudi leaders. Most of the emphasis is on bin Laden and O’Neill. If there’s one thing that comes through clearly from “The Looming Tower,” it’s that the widely held belief that intelligence agencies hoard their scraps of intelligence like animals crowding around a downed prey animal, unwilling to share with anyone, is absolutely true. The rivalry between the Central Intelligence Agency and the FBI is particularly well-drawn by Wright, an indefatigable reporter and elegant writer. O’Neill, was a working class guy from Atlantic City, NJ, who loved the New York metropolitan area. He dressed like a dapper Mafia don in Burberry pin-striped suits and expensive Italian shoes – in contrast to his cheap-suit-wearing colleagues – and tried to break down this great intelligence divide, often to the annoyance of his boss, FBI Director Louis Freeh. O’Neill, who was 50 when he died in the 9/11 attacks soon after his resignation and just into his new job as security director of the WTC, is wonderfully profiled by the New Yorker writer, which makes sense since the “profile” as we know it today was invented at the magazine decades ago under the editorship of Harold Ross. At the time of the Khobar Towers bombing in August 1996, there were only seven Arabic speaking FBI agents in the entire nation, Wright notes, pointing out that the FBI was largely staffed by men of urban Irish and Italian background. One of the seven, Lebanese-American Ali Soufan, was assigned to work with O’Neill on the investigation of the USS Cole bombing; the interrogation by this loyal American of Lebanese birth of Abu Jandal in Yemen after 9/11 was instrumental in identifying the 9/11 hijackers. He now works for Rudy Giuliani’s security firm. O’Neill comes through in Wright’s narrative as one of the few intelligence officers in the nation to understand the dangers of Islamic terrorism, which really is amazing considering the events of the first attack on the World Trade Center in 1993. O’Neill, in charge of a New York-based task force dedicated to capturing Ramzi Yousef, the mastermind of the 1993 WTC attack, had to deal with general tone-deafness toward Islamic terrorism that characterized both the Clinton and Bush Administrations. Yousef was captured in 1995 and now is in prison for life. With more interagency cooperation and more leaders listening to O’Neill, his colleague and Islamism expert Dan Coleman and the CIA’s Michael Scheuer, head of that agency’s Alec Station counterterrorism agency in New York from 1996 to 1999, 9/11 could have been prevented, Wright argues. Scheuer and O’Neill, true to form, were bitter rivals, echoing the rivalry of the
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1361, 952, 1056, 897, 273, 253, 32139, 2739, 15, 187, 187, 3, 688, 1083, 690, 952, 816, 6403, 626, 347, 7615, 342 ]	In conclusion, these results suggest that restraint of EPO production by hemin was offset by the promotion of EPO production by hemin-induced oxidative stress at hemin concentrations greater than 300 µM.BA3121 Fast Responses,Multi-lingual Sales Staff Global work hours:24 hours a day,5 days a week.Detailed part quote in less than 24 hours.*Free Product Substitution Service BA3121 DataSheet DATASHEET Description Features Applications BA3121 Description BA3121 Celeritek reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Celeritek makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Celeritek assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. Typical parameters can and do vary in different applications. All operating parameters, including Typicals must be validated for each customer application by customers technical experts. Celeritek does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Celeritek products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Celeritek product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Celeritek products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Celeritek and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Celeritek was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Celeritek is a registered trademark of Celeritek, Inc. Celeritek, Inc. is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. BA3121 Features In normal mode, the BA3121 continuously monitors the discharge current by sensing the voltage of CS pin. If the voltage of CS pin exceeds the overcurrent protection voltage (V OIP) beyond the overcurrent delay time (TOI) period, the overcurrent protection circuit operates and discharging is inhibited by the turning-off of the discharge control MOSFET M1. The overcurrent condition returns to the normal mode when the load is released and the impedance between the BATT+ and BATT- terminals is 20M? or higher. The BA3121 is provided with the two overcurrent detection levels (0.2V and 1V) and the two overcurrent delay time (TOI1 and TOI2) corresponding to each overcurrent detection level.Dentures You Can Celebrate The emotions people experience when they get their first set of dentures can be very negative. Losing your teeth can be very hard. Not only do you have the sense of loss associated with losing a part of your body, and, really, a part of your identity. But many people also feel that losing their teeth is a sign of failure, and they can be ashamed. You don’t have to feel that way in our office. We believe that no one should be judged when it comes to their oral health. Our only concern is doing what’s best for you starting today. And that’s why we’re committed to giving all our patients the best dentures available, our own Denture Fountain of Youth ®, also known as FOY Dentures ® . When you get these dentures, you will likely be happier with your smile than you have been in a long time, possibly any time in your life. A Younger Smile One of the greatest benefits of the Denture Fountain of Youth ® is how much it turns back the clock on your apparent age. If you have had bad teeth or bad dentures for a while, you probably noticed how much older they made you look. Discolored, worn, or missing teeth all make you look years older. And poorly fitted dentures can contribute to the appearance of jowls, deep facial folds, and, especially, a sunken mouth. Your new dentures will feature teeth that have a bright, youthful color and size and shape appropriate to the age you really want to look. And they will be designed to undo all the years of wear on your teeth and the loss of bone in your jaw. Through precise fitting, we will determine the ideal proportions of your dentures, allowing us to recreate the facial proportions you had when younger. Cosmetic Improvements If you’ve always been unhappy with your teeth, this is an opportunity for you to start completely fresh. Your new smile doesn’t have to be limited by your old smile. If you had the family smile, you can be free of it once and for all. You have the choice of how much you want to improve the appearance of your smile. If you have been happy with your teeth overall, but would like to make a few subtle changes, we can give you a smile that looks like your natural smile, but improved. However, if you are looking to dramatically improve the appearance of your smile, we can do that, too. And we will design them to ensure that, although they are very attractive, they are also natural-looking. We can make sure that people won’t immediately assume your teeth are dentures. The Best Smile of Your Life You may be feeling some sadness about the loss of your teeth. You may be feeling some fears about your future dentures. But it’s our intention to make sure that when you actually get your dentures, all you feel is joy. If you want to learn more about the joy you may feel at your new dentures, please call (912) 234-8282 for an appointment with a Savannah cosmetic dentist at Beyond Exceptional Dentistry.Fresh greens were a little easier to find in Churchill, Man., on Thursday as the first crop of veggies from a hydroponic garden went on sale. The project, led by the independent, non-profit Churchill Northern Studies Centre, aims to improve food security in the town 1,000 kilometres north of Winnipeg, on the shore of Hudson Bay. For months, Churchill had to fly in food after spring flood damage knocked out the rail line to the town, Churchill's only land link. Now, the Rocket Greens project has produced fresh lettuce, kale, bok choy and basil, for a price that's often cheaper than items at the grocery store, even after federal and provincial food subsidies are applied. Currently, a small head of iceberg lettuce costs about $3 at the grocery store in Churchill, and a head of romaine lettuce costs between $5 and $7.50. The Rocket Greens produce is being sold for $3.50 per item, $10 for three, and $20 for six. "I think people were more blown away by the volume, and the greenness and the fluffiness of it," said project manager Carley Basler. In addition to being fresher than the food that is shipped to the town, which is often up to two weeks old by the time it arrives, the food has less packaging because it doesn't have to travel long distances. "It has an instant and immediate impact on our food security here in Churchill. There's never been something producing this amount of quantity of produce year-round in Churchill ever before," said Stephanie Puleo, interim executive director of the Churchill Northern Studies Centre. CNSC uses a system designed by Growcer Modular Food Solutions. A shipping container outfitted with hydroponic equipment is used to grow the vegetables, which start as seedlings in small pots before being transferred to nutrient-rich water tables. The system is designed for growing in remote northern communities and is based on a similar system that has been tested in Alaska. Basler says this is the first time it has been tested in Canada, but similar projects are slated to start soon in Norway House, Man., as well as Iqaluit. "We're going to see more of this in the future, which is also really exciting to me," she said. 'It's definitely going to have an impact' Churchill residents got a taste of what the project had produced at a community feast before Christmas, but this week was the first time people got a broader sense of what the project could produce. "I don't think that Churchill people really understood the scale that we're working with here. So this was exciting to meet with people face to face," she said. So far, the project has produced about 1,800 plants and 1,200 seedlings, and on Thursday they had between 320 and 340 vegetables to sell, with about the same expected to be ready each week. "I don't think it's enough to really feed our town and restaurants, and we get a lot of visitors in Churchill, but it's definitely going to have an impact," said Puleo. The project has produced some food that isn't commonly available in Churchill, like bok choy. (Submitted by Carley Basler) Some of the items — like the leafy green kale and bok choy, a type of Chinese cabbage — are not commonly available in Churchill, so Basler also has some recipes on hand to help people make use of the unfamiliar food. "In case some people just aren't as familiar with
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sale of the Properties to Purchaser, or for the Purchaser to negotiate a purchase of the Properties from the owner(s).” J.A. at 228. Appellee’s acceptance of the purported offer would have created neither a final purchase contract nor a preliminary contract requiring future negotiations. It was, at best, an invitation to commence negotiations, and such an invitation does not constitute an offer. See generally Chiapparelli v. Baker, Kellogg & Co., 169 N.E. 274, 275 (N.Y. 1929) (“Frequently negotiations for a contract are begun between parties by general expressions of willingness to enter into a bargain upon stated terms and yet the natural construction of the words and conduct of the parties is rather that they are inviting offers, or suggesting the terms of a possible future bargain than making positive offers.” (internal quotation marks and citation omitted)). Because there was no offer, Appellant’s right of first refusal was never triggered, and its claim for specific performance fails as a matter of law. Accordingly, we AFFIRM the judgment of the district court. FOR THE COURT: Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk of Court 3 Muni was adopted by a security guard After he passed away, his wife dumped Muni back to the guard house.Muni used to live in an apartment and not familiar with outside world.I took him in since I don't think he can survive being a stray.Please help Muni by fostering or adopting.He is a friendly dog.Thank you.Related literature {#sec1} ================== For background to Schiff bases and their applications, see: Dao et al. (2000[@bb5]); Eltayeb & Ahmed (2005a [@bb6],b [@bb7]); Karthikeyan et al. (2006[@bb9]); Sriram et al. (2006[@bb12]). For related structures, see: Eltayeb et al. (2009[@bb8]); Tan & Liu (2009[@bb13]). For bond-length data, see: Allen et al. (1987[@bb1]). For hydrogen-bond motifs, see: Bernstein et al. (1995[@bb2]). For the stability of the temperature controller used in the data collection, see: Cosier & Glazer (1986[@bb4]). Experimental {#sec2} ============ {#sec2.1} ### Crystal data {#sec2.1.1} C~17~H~17~NO~3~M ~r~ = 283.32Orthorhombic,a = 14.719 (3) Åb = 9.1302 (16) Åc = 20.597 (4) ÅV = 2768.0 (9) Å^3^Z = 8Mo Kα radiationμ = 0.09 mm^−1^T = 100 K0.50 × 0.15 × 0.02 mm ### Data collection {#sec2.1.2} Bruker APEX DUO CCD area-detector diffractometerAbsorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2009[@bb3]) T ~min~ = 0.955, T ~max~ = 0.99816563 measured reflections4056 independent reflections2744 reflections with I \> 2σ(I)R ~int~ = 0.073 ### Refinement {#sec2.1.3} R\[F ^2^ \> 2σ(F ^2^)\] = 0.052wR(F ^2^) = 0.141S = 1.004056 reflections254 parametersH atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinementΔρ~max~ = 0.39 e Å^−3^Δρ~min~ = −0.29 e Å^−3^ {#d5e511} Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009[@bb3]); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 2009[@bb3]); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008[@bb10]); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL; molecular graphics: SHELXTL; software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL and PLATON (Spek, 2009[@bb11]). Supplementary Material ====================== Crystal structure: contains datablocks global, I. DOI: [10.1107/S160053681000838X/ci5052sup1.cif](http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S160053681000838X/ci5052sup1.cif) Structure factors: contains datablocks I. DOI: [10.1107/S160053681000838X/ci5052Isup2.hkl](http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S160053681000838X/ci5052Isup2.hkl) Additional supplementary materials: [crystallographic information](http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/sendsupfiles?ci5052&file=ci5052sup0.html&mime=text/html); [3D view](http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/sendcif?ci5052sup1&Qmime=cif); [checkCIF report](http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/paper?ci5052&checkcif=yes) Supplementary data and figures for this paper are available from the IUCr electronic archives (Reference: [CI5052](http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/sendsup?ci5052)). The authors thank the Malaysian Government, the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) and Universiti Sains Malaysia for the E-Science Fund and RU research grants (PKIMIA/613308, PKIMIA/815002, and PKIMIA/811120). NEE thanks Universiti Sains Malaysia for a post-doctoral fellowship and the International University of Africa (Sudan) for providing study leave. The authors also thank the Malaysian Government and Universiti Sains Malaysia for the Research University Golden Goose grant No. 1001/PFIZIK/811012. Comment ======= Schiff bases have received much attention because of their potential applications. Some of these compounds exhibit various pharmacological activities, as noted by their anticancer (Dao et al., 2000), anti-HIV (Sriram et al., 2006), antibacterial and antifungal (Karthikeyan et al., 2006) properties. In addition, some of them may be used as analytical reagents for the determination of trace elements (Eltayeb & Ahmed, 2005a,b). Previously we have reported the crystal structure of 2-((E)-{2-\[(E)-2,3-dihydroxybenzylideneamino\]-5-methylphenyl}- iminiomethyl)-6-hydroxyphenolate (Eltayeb et al., 2009) which exists in a zwitterionic form. The title compound is another schiff base which also crystallizes in a zwitterionic form. Herein we report its crystal structure. The title molecule exists in a trans configuration about the C═N double bond \[1.3129 (19) Å\], with a C6--N1--C7--C8 torsion angle of 178.13 (14)°. The molecule is slightly twisted, with the dihedral angle between the two benzene rings being 13.42 (7)°. The hydroxy group is coplanar with the attached C1--C6 benzene ring. The methoxy group is coplanar with the attached C8--C13 benzene ring \[C14---O3---C12---C11 = 2.1 (2)°; r.m.s. deviation of 0.0384 (1) Å for the eight non H atoms\]. The allyl unit (C15--C17) is in an (-)-anticlinal conformation as indicated by the C11---C10---C15---C16 torsion angle of -94.28 (18)°. An intramolecular N---H···O hydrogen bond between the NH^+^ and the phenolate O^-^ groups generate an S(6) ring motif (Fig. 1 and Table 1) (Bernstein et al., 1995). The bond distances show normal values (Allen et al., 1987) and are comparable with those observed in related structures (Eltayeb et al., 2009; Tan & Liu, 2009). In the crystal packing (Fig. 2), molecules are linked into zigzag chains along the \[010\] by O---H···O hydrogen bonds involving hydroxy groups, phenolate and methoxy O atoms (Table 1). Within a chain, the adjacent molecules are approximately perpendicular to each other (Fig. 2). The crystal structure is further stabilized by weak intermolecular C---H···π interactions (Table 1) involving the C8--C13 ring (centroid Cg1). Experimental {#experimental} ============ The title
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\widetilde{\mathcal{M}}^B(g,n^-,n^+) \ar[rr]^{\cong} & & \widetilde{\mathcal{M}}^P(g,n^-,n^+) .}$$ The horizontal isomorphisms are given in Theorems \[MPMBiso\] and \[th:puncture\_rigged\_equiv\]. The projection maps are defined in , , , and . Checking commutativity is routine. Producing such a diagram was one of the goals of this project. It gives a full relation between the puncture and and border picture at both the moduli space and Teichmüller space levels. Before formulating a concluding theorem we need to show that $P_{\mathrm{mod}}$ is holomorphic. \[le:Pmod\] The action of $\mathrm{PMod}^P({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^P)$ on $\widetilde{T}^P({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^P)$ is properly discontinuous and fixed-point free. The projection $P_{\mathrm{mod}}$ is holomorphic and possesses local holomorphic sections. The bijection $\mathcal{J} : {\widetilde{T}^{B}_{\#}}({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B) \to \widetilde{T}^P({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^P)$ from Theorem \[th:puncture\_rigged\_equiv\] is a biholomorphism by the commutativity of the top triangle in Diagram and the existence of local holomorphic sections of $P_{\mathrm{DB}}$ and $P_{\mathrm{DB}}^{\#}$ (Corollaries \[riggedTPcomplex\] and \[trandtb\]). The actions of $\mathrm{DI}$ on ${\widetilde{T}^{B}_{\#}}({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B)$ and $\mathrm{PMod}^P({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^P)$ on $\widetilde{T}^P({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^P)$ can be seen to be equivalent by directly using the definitions of the actions and the isomorphism $\mathcal{J}$. The required properties of the action now follow from Corollary \[TRandMiso\] and its proof. In Lemma \[PModonriggedTP\] we showed that the action of $\mathrm{PMod}^P({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^P)$ is by biholomorphisms. Thus Proposition \[complex\_quotient\] guarantees the stated properties of $P_{\mathrm{mod}}$. \[th:resultssummary\] 1. All the spaces in Diagram are obtained from $T^B({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B)$ by quotienting by the action of the mapping class group and certain subgroups. (Proposition \[Pmodquotient\], Theorem \[th:TBTPiso\] and Corollaries \[trandtb\] and \[TRandMiso\]. ) 2. These actions are by biholomorphisms and are properly discontinuous and fixed-point free. (Lemmas \[Modaction\_holo\], \[ModactionTP\], \[fixed-point-free\], \[propdisc\] and \[PModonriggedTP\] and Lemma \[le:Pmod\].) 3. With the complex structures inherited from $T^B({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B)$, all the spaces in Diagram become complex Banach manifolds. (Proposition \[complex\_quotient\], Theorem \[th:complex\_moduli\], Corollaries \[riggedTPcomplex\], \[trandtb\] and \[TRandMiso\] and Lemma \[le:Pmod\].) 4. These complex structures are the unique ones that make all the maps holomorphic. All the maps possess local holomorphic sections. (Proposition \[complex\_quotient\].) 5. The horizontal bijections become biholomorphisms. (Commutativity of the diagram and existence of local holomorphic section) 6. The complex structures on the moduli spaces are independent of the choice of base surface ${\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B$ and its boundary trivialization ${\boldsymbol{\tau}}$. (Theorem \[unique\_complex\].) [Holomorphicity of Sewing]{} \[se:holo\_sewing\] As discussed in Section \[introduction\], the sewing operation is the fundamental geometric operation in conformal field theory. Holomorphicity of this operation is required in the case of chiral CFTs, or more formally, in the definition of a weakly conformal field theory. In Section \[sewing\] the sewing operation was defined for the case of quasisymmetric boundary parametrizations. We now express this operation as a map between both the rigged moduli and Teichmüller spaces. These sewing maps are shown to be holomorphic. One advantage of working with quasisymmetric maps is the conceptually satisfying way in which the sewing maps can be defined and the holomorphicity proved. Recall from Section \[Teichmuller\] that for a bordered Riemann surface, ${\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B$, the Teichmüller space $T^B({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B)$ is endowed with the standard complex structure through the use of the Bers embedding (see [@Nag Chapter 3] or [@Lehto V.5.]). With this structure the fundamental projection $\Phi_{{\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B}: L^{\infty}_{(-1,1)}({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B)_1 \rightarrow T^B({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B)$ is holomorphic, and has a local holomorphic section in a neighborhood of every point. Note that the projection $P_{{\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B}: T^B({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B) \rightarrow \widetilde{\mathcal{M}}(g,n^-.n^+)$ from can be defined by first projecting $$T^B({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B) \to T^B({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B) / {\mathrm{PModI}({{\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B})}$$ and following with the isomorphism $[{\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B,f,{\ensuremath{\Sigma_{1}}}^B] \mapsto [{\ensuremath{\Sigma_{1}}}^B, {\boldsymbol{\tau}} \circ f^{-1}]$ of Theorem \[TBcoversMB\]. It can be checked directly that $P_{{\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B} =P_{\mathrm{DI}} \circ P_{\mathrm{DB}^{\#}}$. From Theorem \[th:complex\_moduli\] we know that the projection $P_{{\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B}$ is holomorphic and has local holomorphic sections near every point. Actually this projection was used to induce the complex structure on $\widetilde{\mathcal{M}}(g,n^-.n^+)$. We now recall the sewing operation described in Section \[sewingoperation\]. To avoid excessive decorations, we change notation and let $X$ and $Y$ be bordered Riemann surfaces of type $(g_X, n^-_X, n^+_X)$ and $(g_Y, n^-_Y, n^+_Y)$ respectively where $n^+_X >0$ and $n^-_Y>0$. Let ${\boldsymbol{\tau}}_X = (\tau_X^1, \ldots \tau_X^{n_X})$ and ${\boldsymbol{\tau}}_Y = (\tau_Y^1, \ldots,\tau_Y^{n_Y})$ be (quasisymmetric) boundary trivializations of $X$ and $Y$ respectively (see Section \[capsewing\]). Choose $i$ and $j$ such that $\partial_i X$ is an outgoing boundary component and $\partial_j Y$ is an incoming boundary component. Let $X \#_{ij} Y$ be the sewn surface obtained by identifying $\partial_i X$ with $\partial_j Y$ using $(\tau_Y^j)^{-1} \circ J \circ \tau_X^i$. Since the choice of $i$ and $j$ is fixed throughout we simply write $X \# Y$ for $X\#_{ij}Y$. Let $\iota_X: X \to X \# Y$ and $\iota_Y: Y \to X \# Y$ be the inclusion maps. Let $g_{X\#Y} = g_X + g_Y$, $n^-_{X\#Y} = n^-_X + n^-_Y - 1$ and $n^+_{X\#Y} = n^+_X + n^+_Y -1$. The Riemann surface $X\#Y$ of type $(g_{X\#Y},n^-_{X\#Y}, n^+_{X\#Y} )$ with boundary trivialization $$\label{tau_sew} {\boldsymbol{\tau}}_{X\#Y} = (\tau_X^1,\ldots,\tau_X^{i-1},\tau_Y^{1},\ldots,\tau_Y^{j-1}, \tau_Y^{j+1},\ldots,\tau_Y^{n_Y}, \tau_X^{i+1},\ldots \tau_X^{n_X})$$ will be considered as the base surface for the Teichmüller space $T^B(X \# Y)$. There are other ways of ordering the boundary components but this issue is not important for our purposes. In conformal field theory the self-sewing operation must be considered. That is, the sewing of two boundary components of a single surface. Everything in this section can be altered without difficulty to cover this situation. We describe three sewing maps: on the level of Beltrami differentials, the level of Teichmüller space, and the level of rigged moduli space. - $\mathcal{S} : L^{\infty}_{(-1,1)}(X)_
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11936, 15, 1292, 253, 20000, 14012, 434, 2245, 12941, 513, 10073, 4135, 275, 18047, 272, 3139, 347, 1907, 30122, 7350, 15, 831, 44013, 84, 13, 281, 247, 3710, 6070, 13, 432, 9933, 7350, 670, 253, 3116, 273, 5628, 25186, 1612, 1108, 253, 594, 14, 8890, 4135, 4322, 15, 49969, 264, 25577, 27, 330, 1285, 282, 329, 15, 596, 4071, 13, 773, 17967, 4135, 11936, 27, 4135, 457, 84, 20000, 14012, 285, 2802, 783, 4605, 273, 14837, 5200, 457, 1806, 596, 4071, 27560, 4306, 17720, 16404, 13, 4397, 2030, 13, 4072, 15, 1876, 4114, 32852, 403, 9269, 327, 1810, 725, 69, 15, 681, 313, 8716, 323, 596, 4071, 481, 1916, 5386, 4834, 432, 253, 30959, 1618, 1511, 530, 4883, 54, 4449, 1311, 5472, 38, 275, 253, 20772, 13590, 285, 4352, 253, 38984, 2234, 15, 1044, 4071, 27560, 4306, 3400, 3569, 1783, 273, 1655, 9933, 3988, 3374, 285, 643, 2561, 1329, 281, 4236, 8548, 15, 596, 4071, 27560, 4306, 369, 15335, 9856, 347, 247, 1355, 2136, 275, 6976, 275, 6752, 15, 187, 187, 15633, 16404, 37150, 27, 2802, 7673, 23340, 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285, 23340, 452, 253, 1682, 1896, 19379, 2493, 15, 688, 8542, 2426, 13, 23340, 588, 3923, 11674, 4116, 15, 733, 369, 253, 954, 6071, 784, 2523, 275, 253, 3332, 3872, 6132, 15, 3808, 275, 6976, 1859, 253, 9735, 13174, 347, 9676, 25991, 17194, 407, 247, 8327, 323, 247, 1805, 1495, 15, 19810, 1859, 253, 27431, 952, 347, 23717, 44774, 8445, 5252, 432, 31222, 896, 275, 616, 1728, 5560, 2246, 15, 2512, 403, 767, 2201, 17339, 1103, 275, 2493, 342, 23340, 326, 253, 747, 2208, 2887, 661, 281, 2953, 15, 10351, 285, 1977, 253, 954, 1774, 2523, 310, 9735, 952, 326, 3523, 275, 8207, 2487, 571, 327, 616, 1039, 281, 6976, 15, 380, 9735, 952, 403, 10932, 407, 25481, 1362, 69, 31290, 273, 5702, 952, 14, 3610, 814, 3129, 398, 15, 41133, 8308, 3506, 12042, 556, 4395, 34304, 281, 4138, 1453, 689, 24636, 322, 710, 46219, 35, 6609, 13, 10098, 407, 253, 2045, 7295, 15, 12128, 8308, 3506, 12042, 5605, 281, 3523, 45686, 273, 594, 14, 8890, 23717, 923, 6426, 407, 8577, 731, 896, 15, 831, 556, 42652, 247, 4016, 48235, 275, 23340, 15, 1284, 247, 11674, 253, 34084, 2208, 1364, 789, 562, 271, 24826, 2097, 273, 15850, 342, 23340, 327, 436, 2523, 15, 510, 1273, 17339, 386, 7350, 253, 13474, 273, 3153, 17645, 281, 23340, 15, 9859, 807, 253, 9543, 33832, 6138, 253, 8913, 273, 3153, 17645, 17228, 281, 23340, 846, 247, 7315, 3306, 552, 2692, 17877, 1971, 275, 2067, 273, 43113, 490, 44530, 19384, 15, 380, 35761, 2208, 858, 417, 7279, 342, 23340, 806, 15, 23340, 24998, 4215, 407, 5590, 1076, 27226, 15, 831, 807, 627, 369, 690, 4016, 9943, 6055, 382, 4884, 1044, 4071, 27560, 4306, 2925, 47, 1852, 7251, 721, 2385, 470, 4148, 1249, 1237, 936, 247, 3668, 1304, 326, 43113, 12946, 651, 4489, 247, 5020, 3894, 275, 247, 5699, 17228, 4660, 285, 1395, 3153, 17228, 715, 23340, 15, 12128, 8308, 34084, 588, 452, 281, 17279, 459, 23340, 670, 253, 13367, 273, 9943, 17228, 6224, 15, 510, 1083, 273, 23340, 310, 47386, 273, 253, 34084, 7295, 457, 84, 3687, 4073, 327, 19379, 2493, 15, 6976, 476, 671, 320, 3264, 281, 3157, 19379, 2493, 342, 1097, 4135, 285, 5427, 15, 733, 310, 16613, 326, 1097, 253, 17147, 285, 5639, 23885, 1705, 432, 6359, 6976, 534, 18275, 327, 253, 5396, 17323, 15, 50, 19, 15, 6976, 556, 3597, 281, 29809, 875, 18496, 285, 5041, 15, 3166, 368, 1158, 352, 310, 1896, 342, 34084, 434, 11518, 3753, 32, 1539, 13753, 947, 27, 309, 10195, 9943, 651, 417, 2997, 253, 26536, 273, 634, 1953, 15, 46689, 3390, 10770, 281, 253, 15285, 3879, 273, 247, 2586, 1649, 14, 5991, 14 ]	can Vietnam expect if your proposal for a SoutheastAsia Martime Treaty became a reality?ANSWER: The Treaty would make all ASEAN states stakeholders in maritime security.There would be more insulation for Vietnam from a unified ASEAN position. ButVietnam would have to bring its baselines in the southeast ('the pregnant lady') intoline with international law, clarify its claims, including making a distinction betweenrocks, low tide elevations and islands.Q5. How long does it take to conclude a "sensitive" treaty like the one youproposed?ANSWER: This is a ten year project at the least. But it could be the focal point forbuilding an ASEAN Political-Security Community.Q6. What are the difficulties ahead?Thayer ConsultancyABN # 65 648 097 1232ANSWER: There are certain maritime disputes that are of long-standing and some Southeast Asian attendees feel they should stay that way. Moving towards a treaty would open old wounds.Q7. What is "Vietnam's proposal for the no first use of force"?ANSWER: Vietnam has presented a proposal for ASEAN and China to agree that none of them will be the first to use force in South China Sea disputes. This would be a pledge by all parties that when an incident occurs they will exercise restraint and not resort to force. This would be an important confidence building measure.Q8. What do you mean by saying that "Vietnam would have to bring its baselines in the southeast ('the pregnant lady') into line with international law"?ANSWER: If you look at a map showing Vietnam's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) there is a noticeable bulge or extension of its southeast coast to take in Tu Chinh (or Wen Anbei in Chinese). This is an excessive claim. Vietnam's Exclusive Economic Zone should be drawn from straight base lines from its coast.The bulge is referred to colloquially in Vietnamese as "the pregnant lady". When Vietnam's draft Law of the Sea went to the Politburo maritime specialists recommended bringing Vietnam's claimed EEZ into accord with international law. This was rejected on the grounds that Vietnam would have to negotiate with China sometime in future and that its excessive EEZ claim was the starting point for negotiations.Suggested citation: Carlyle A. Thayer, South China Sea: Southeast Asia Maritime Treaty,” Thayer Consultancy Background Brief, September 20, 2013. All background briefs are posted on Scribd.com (search for Thayer). To remove yourself from the mailing list type UNSUBSCRIBE in the Subject heading and hit the Reply key.Thayer Consultancy provides political analysis of current regional security issues and other research support to selected clients. Thayer Consultancy was officially registered as a small business in Australia in 2002.Background BriefSouth China Sea: China’s PeaceArk and ‘the String of Pearls’Carlyle A. ThayerSeptember 25, 2013[client name deleted]We are interested in the People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) hospital ship – thePeace Ark -that has docked in Sihanoukville Autonomous Port this week. Interestingtiming, and also an interesting route the ship has been on the past four months; itsalmost a join-the-dots connecting the pearls of China's string.The Chinese military attaché here has been quoted as stating that he has neverheard of the ‘string of pearls’ and that the Peace Ark’s visit was a friendship mission.The Peace Ark stopped in Karachi, Mumbai, Thilawa Port, Chittagong and the rest.We request your assessment of the following:Q1. Why is the Chinese Navy undertaking such an operation?ANSWER: China is taking a leaf out of the U.S. naval engagement play book. The UShospital ship, USNS Mercy (T-AH-19), regularly calls in at regional ports to delivermedical and dental assistance. The US ship is staffed with American doctors andmedical specialists from the region. These visits are for good will and demonstratehumanitarian concern.The Peace Ark performs similar engagement activities for the China. Both the USNSMercy and Peace Ark gain valuable experience in working in local condition,experience that will be useful in future humanitarian assistance and disaster reliefmissions. In return, local medical personnel receive valuable experience in workingalongside foreign counterparts.Q2. What is your assessment of reports about China's interests in all these ports aspart of its "String of Pearls" or strategic bases?ANSWER: The 'string of pearls' is not a term China uses. As China's economic powerhas grown, so too has China's interest in secure sea lines of communication (SLOCs).China needs to call in at ports for to provision and for crew morale. The ports thatChina visits all belong to countries that have close economic relations with China.Contrary to speculation by strategic analysis, China had not used the ports formingthe so-called 'string of pearls' as military bases or for military purposes. The Chinesenavy does, however, make good will port visits, a normal part of naval diplomacy.Thayer ConsultancyABN # 65 648 097 1232Q3. How strong a parallel can be drawn between the route of the "Peace Ark" and the "String of Pearls"?ANSWER: The Peace Ark is visiting ports of friendly nations. This coincides with some of the ports comprising 'the string of pearls'. This is a normal component of naval diplomacy.Q4. What can China gain from such a humanitarian mission? How does it reflect on the disputes in the East and South China seas?ANSWER: China gains operational experience in foreign waters and ports, and knowledge of local medical conditions. China and the medical authorities in local ports each benefit from the exchange of knowledge and experience. Further, China gains in prestige and possibly increased influence in the countries visited.The voyage of the Peace Ark does not have a direct impact on the disputes in the East and South China Sea. But the Peace Ark's port visits do assist China in portraying itself as having humanitarian concerns. This deflects, to a limited extent, from regional concerns about the growth of Chinese naval power – the so-called China threat.Suggested citation: Carlyle A. Thayer, “South China Sea: China’s Peace Ark and ‘the String of Pearls’,” Thayer Consultancy Background Brief, September 25, 2013. All background briefs are posted on Scribd.com (search for Thayer). To remove yourself from the mailing list type UNSUBSCRIBE in the Subject heading and hit the Reply key.Thayer Consultancy provides political analysis of current regional security issues and other research support to selected clients. Thayer Consultancy was officially registered as a small business in Australia in 2002. Background BriefAustralia: ‘More Indonesia, LessGeneva’ – the New GovernmentCarlyle A. ThayerSeptember 24, 2013[client name deleted]We request your assessment of the following:Q 1. The new Australian Prime Minister, Tony Abbott, has suggested ‘moreIndonesia, less Europe’. What are the implications for Australia’s future diplomacy?ANSWER: The Abbott Government has moved quickly to align policy on foreignaffairs, defence, and economic, trade and aid issue. Prime Minister Abbott hasannounced he will give priority to visiting regional states – Indonesia, China, Japanand South Korea - before going to Washington and London.Indonesia is an emerging power whose economy is expected to overtake that ofAustralia in the decades to come. Indonesia is located to Australia’s immediatenorth and is Australia’s second closest neighbor after Papua New Guinea. It isimperative that Australia and Indonesia have the best possible bilateral relations.In practical terms, Indonesia will command priority attention. It was the mostcontentious issue in the recent national election. Some in Australia view the boatpeople as illegal migrants motivated by a desire for a better life. Others view theboat people as asylum seekers seeking safety from persecution back in their homecountries.There are two major irritants in relations with Indonesia that the new governmentseeks to address. Far and away the most important issue is boat people that stop inIndonesia on their way to Australia. The boat people are organized by criminalsyndicates of professional people-smugglers.Prime Minister Abbot has moved swiftly to assert control over Operation SovereignBorders, launched by the previous Government. Prime Minister Abbot wants to stopboats of so-called asylum seeker by turning them back. This has provoked a negativereaction in Indonesia. As a priority the Abbott government must work out anacceptable means of cooperation with Indonesia on this issue.The second irritant concerns the export of live beef to Indonesia. Last year the LaborGovernment announced the ban of live beef cattle to Indonesia after a televisiondocumentary showed cruel treatment in several of Indonesian abattoirs. TheAustralian government did not consult with Indonesia first. Indonesia retaliated byhalting imports. This year there was some negative Australian protectionist reactionThayer ConsultancyABN # 65 648 097 1232to a news report that Indonesian investors would buy a majority share in a huge cattle station and import live cattle into Indonesia. Prime Minister Abbott will have to reassure Indonesia about the reliability of Australian cattle sales.The case of Indonesia is illustrative of the Abbott Government’s greater stress on bilateral relations. Australia can also be expected to improve bilateral relations with both China and India. It is notable that both the defence and foreign ministers come from Western Australia which borders on the Indian Ocean.Q2. Australia has tried to hedge between Beijing and Washington. Do you think it is possible with Abbott's conservative nature?ANSWER: IMany Australian would not accept the premise of your question. Hedging refers to the strategic behavior of a country vis-à-
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755, 512, 776, 10556, 347, 3517, 347, 597, 1472, 4439, 15, 3944, 1358, 1087, 3800, 86, 15, 681, 16, 9188, 484, 187, 20865, 2604, 3800, 81, 7366, 327, 634, 13971, 390, 10469, 2, 596, 35314, 273, 4973, 285, 5441, 387, 634, 48803, 15, 187, 40887, 27, 3944, 1358, 77 ]	The big engine on the plane would then propel it through air for several minutes. For the complete script, visit https://www.prageru.com/videos/why-private-investment-works-govt-investment-doesnt 6:18 Business plan of 2 crore with 30% subsidy by poultry depart Business plan of 2 crore with 30% subsidy by poultry depart Business plan of 2 crore with 30% subsidy by poultry depart published on 14 august 2017 in this video you can know about poultry schemes. the project cost is around 2 crore rupees and government providing 30 % subsidy. this scheme is for all indian and foreign countries peoples. to know more about it pls visit www.animalhusb.up.nic.in disclaimer this is not a promotional or paid video. it is only for education purpose and make awareness about govt. schemes. channel doesn't guarantee any income or profit from any crop or business idea. before choosing any plans who told in channels video please consult with any expert first because I am not an expert. information providing carefully but may be possibility of mistake . 3:30 Sir Humphrey and Jim Hacker discuss art subsidies Sir Humphrey and Jim Hacker discuss art subsidies Sir Humphrey and Jim Hacker discuss art subsidies Subsidy withdrawals and tax hikes push up prices (23 Jan 2018) LEADIN: The Jordanian government has announced new economic measures to generate hundreds of millions of dollars in revenue in 2018. But there are fears that scrapping subsidies and raising taxes will push more people into poverty. STORYLINE: There's plenty on sale in Amman's downtown market. But shoppers are braced for price rises. The Jordanian government has announced new economic measures which lift subsidies and cancel sales tax exemptions on a range of goods. Today (17 January), the tax on carbonated drinks is rising by 10 to 20 percent, Octane 95 and 98 gasoline by 30 percent and packets of cigarettes will cost an extra 0.20 Jordanian dinars (0.3 US dollars). From 1 February, the bread subsidy will also be lifted. Furthermore, the government is imposing charges of 500 to 1,500 dinars (700 to 2,100 US dollars) on imported cars, depending on their weight, while vehicle ownership transfer fess will be reduced by 30 dinars to 200. According to the cabinet, the total revenue expected from these measures will amount to 540 million Jordanian dinars (760 million US dollars). But analysts warn of serious consequences for citizens. "They will face more pressure to decrease expenses, and to reduce trade and economic activities," says economic analyst Hossam Ayyash. He says there could be an "increase of poverty" which will lead to problems with "civil and social peace". The Jordanian government has set aside funds to help the poorest cope with price rises. To qualify for the subsidy, a household's annual income must be less than 12,000 dinars (16,900 US dollars). For individuals, the limit is 6,000 dinars. So far, 230,000 families have signed up for the assistance. Beneficiaries of this National Aid Fund, will receive a cash subsidy of 33 dinars, while children of Jordanian women married to non-Jordanians and Gazans living in the kingdom will receive a subsidy of 27 dinars, if eligible. The government said that 6.2 million Jordanians will benefit from the cash support. But Amman resident Hiba Dobaoud says everyone is feeling the financial squeeze from the economic measures. "All the people are suffering, all the people are complaining, no one is happy, the effect: everyone is angry," she says. "Before we used to say that no one dies from starvation, but unfortunately now people will die from starvation." The sale tax on essential commodities will remain unchanged. Staples goods such as rice, sugar, flour, bulgur, cooking oil, meat, chicken, fish, fresh and powdered milk, eggs and tea will not see any hike in taxation. Goods such as school supplies, orthopaedic devices, sensory assistance equipment, pesticides, fertilisers and veterinary medicines will not see a rise in taxation either. The government also decided to include all senior citizens above 60-years-old in the health care insurance system and to raise the minimum wage from 190 to 200 dinars. These measures were taken as part of a larger governmental fiscal and economic reform to secure financial stability and stimulate the country's economic growth. You can license this story through AP Archive: http://www.aparchive.com/metadata/youtube/86fb76d40006b565c8b98b7d776d0e9f Find out more about AP Archive: http://www.aparchive.com/HowWeWork Buy Webcam I used for this video : https://goo.gl/3nrzy9 Buy Microphone I used for this video : https://goo.gl/jhgJeD Loan to BuildCold Storage \| Get upto 50% Subsidy on Cold Storage \| SBI Cold Storage Loan Link to NHB site : http://nhb.gov.in/coldstorage_scheme_guideline.aspx?enc=3ZOO8K5CzcdC/Yq6HcdIxGnFC+VjFQvFstMfkdm4FxM= 7:11 Fisheries Economics & Policy: Subsidies and Taxes Fisheries Economics & Policy: Subsidies and Taxes Fisheries Economics & Policy: Subsidies and Taxes This video is a part of Conservation Strategy Fund's collection of environmental economic lessons and was made possible thanks to the support of the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and the Marcia BradyTuckerFoundation. This series is for individuals who want to learn - or review - the basic economics of conservation. This video looks at subsidies and taxes in the fishery industry and how it effects the fisherman's incentives. The Fisheries Economics & Policy series will cover management strategies to preserve fishing in the long term and will include concepts such as open access, common pool resources, tragedy of the commons, maximum economic yield, taxes and subsidies, reducing effort, territorial use rights, transferable quotas and externalities. To follow this series, subscribe to our YouTube channel. For more information on these and other trainings from Conservation Strategy Fund, check out: http://www.conservation-strategy.org/ For copyright information on all sound effects, see http://www.conservation-strategy.org/en/page/csf-economic-video-lessons-sound-references subsidy fund (majaa drama) Public Housing Operating Fund Subsidy This presentation covers the 2014 Public Housing Operating Fund program funding process. An overview will be provided of the guidance notice, "Public Housing Operating Subsidy Eligibility Calculations for Calendar Year 2014." Additionally, an description of highlights and changes to the funding data collection process will be discussed. Agenda: I. Introduction and Overview of Presentation II. Highlights of Processing Notice for 2014 III. 2014 Operating Fund Subsidy Process published: 16 Aug 2013 Subsidies Explained in One Minute A one-minute video which explains what a subsidy is and refers to situations in which subsidies benefit society as a whole as well as to situations in which using them isn't exactly fair. Please like, comment and subscribe if you've enjoyed the video. To support the channel, give me a minute (see what I did there?) of your time by visiting OneMinuteEconomics.com and reading my message. Learn about interest subsidy on home loan or Home Loan Subsidy in this video. To give a boost to the mission of 'Housing for All by 2022' and also address the urban poor's housing requirement, the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) is being reworked. Of the four verticals of the scheme, 'Promotion of affordable housing for weaker section through credit linked subsidy' is the one that would appeal to the urbanites the most. There are two important changes being made to the scheme. First, while the existing guidelines are aimed at the economically weaker section (EWS) and the lower income group (LIG) category, earning Rs 3 lakh and Rs 6 lakh per annum respectively, two new subsidy slabs (yet to be notified) will bring in people earning up to Rs 12 lakh and Rs 18 lakh per annum into the fold... published: 17 Feb 2017 Why Private Investment Works & Govt. Investment Doesn't From transportation to energy, and everything in between, should the government invest money in as many promising projects as possible? Or would that actually doom many of those ventures to failure? Burt Folsom, historian and professor at Hillsdale College, answers those questions by drawing on the fascinating history of the race to build America's railroads and airplanes. Donate today to PragerU! http://l.prageru.com/2ylo1Yt Joining PragerU is free! Sign up now to get all our videos as soon as they're released. http://prageru.com/signup Download Pragerpedia on your iPhone or Android! Thousands of sources and facts at your fingertips. iPhone: http://l
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15, 13168, 352, 434, 1512, 1199, 285, 309, 452, 281, 2242, 619 ]	The impressive architecture did nothing to alleviate the stark quality of life, however. The streets were crowded, fear hung heavy. We often didn't have enough food, and it was the same food all the time. Plus, there were long lines out of each store. I waited with my parents, my sisters, for hours in line, it seemed like every day, and sometimes we'd get to the head of the line and there would be no more bread, or dumplings, or chicken, or whatever we had been waiting for. There were many things going on that I didn't understand. My parents' friends—other professors, artists, writers, musicians, doctors, scientists—were over all the time. They brought the food they had: chicken soup, potato cakes, Olivier salad, lamb dumplings, pickles, sauerkraut, braised cabbage, rye bread, sweet beets. My mother added a spice here, salt there, and somehow made it better. Everyone said so. They talked and laughed and argued around our wood table. And they whispered. "Hush ... quiet ... let me tell you, tell no one ... we need higher wages ... voting ... free elections ... religious freedom ... you must be careful, you must stop talking so much, Alexei ... You, too, Svetlana ... the time is not right for protesting ... still dangerous ... don't trust the government ... you are being watched ... they are listening ... the newspapers, simply an extension of the government ... propaganda on television, always they lie to us ... it's not safe for us ... no one knows what happened to Professor Popov ... to the priest ... to his brother ..." We were told, my sisters and I, not to talk about what we heard around that table. Our parents were, officially, members of the Communist Party. It was be a member or live a life of destitution with few job or educational opportunities. But we were secret Christians. In the Communist Party there was no God, no Jesus, no faith, no Christianity allowed. Had anyone known, my parents would have lost their jobs at the university. We would have been moved out of our apartment. My parents would have been able to find only low-paying jobs in a factory, if that. They might have lost custody of us or been sent to an insane asylum. Schools were state run and promoted and taught atheism. There were Russian Orthodox churches, more steeped in tradition, song, ritual, and liturgy, than God. In fact the KGB had infiltrated the Russian Orthodox church. They pretended to be priests and took confession. The Communist Party had demolished or closed thousands of mosques, temples, and churches over the years. We held church services in our home, with my uncles and their families. My mother's parents, Lada and Anatoly, came, as did my father's parents, Konstantin and Ekaterina, all loving people. My grandparents had known each other for decades. As kids, Valeria, Elvira, and I could smell fear around our family's wood table, as well as our mother's sugar-sprinkled pancakes. We could smell people's pervading sense of distrust and hatred toward the government, alongside her baked cinnamon apples. It was a government steeped in corruption, cronyism, spying, paranoia, and violence. Suspicion and obsession with possible dissidents ran high. The television was used for propaganda, the press controlled. The KGB peered into everyone's lives, and chased down and jailed without justice. The economy was stagnating, the government owned everything, the wages were pathetic, and a battle waged each day to buy enough food. Moscow, along with the rest of the Soviet Union, was suffocating and suffering. Life was too hard. But I was a child. I had loving parents who protected me from all they could. My mother and grandmothers taught my sisters and me to cook and sew. We loved to sit with them and sew small pillows using scraps of silk, cotton, even burlap. We lined them with rickrack, lace, or ruffled edges, or we embroidered flowers. We were taught to make our stitches precise, tight, and to use different stitches for different designs. Plus, I had my sisters who I could now and then hear in my head through my widow's peak, the Sabonis gift coming down the generation to me. We had friends. We played outside, bundled in coats. We went to school in uniform, with strict teachers, and we were called Oktyabrenok—October children, in reference to the revolution in October 1917. We were to behave well and study hard and memorize the party lines and songs and when we were older, we could become Young Pioneers, and wear the red scarf of the Communist Party. We did what they told us to do. We tried to ignore that tingling, black, confusing shadow that swirled around us, the hushed voices, the unexplained tears from our mother, and our father's tight face. We let it flow over our small shoulders. Then it all changed. * * * On Sunday I went over to my parents' home for dinner. My mother was babysitting Ailani and Koa because Valerie had work to do for her upcoming trial and Kai had a late shift. She was outside playing with Koa, who was dressed as a white monster, while Ailani and I cut out sugar cookies on the train station table. Ailani is in fifth grade. She has long black hair and likes to talk to her mother about crime and court proceedings. She said that school was sometimes "boring" and that she got in trouble when she made a speech recently. "Oh, uh." I could hardly wait to hear the topic. "What kind of trouble?" Ailani's forehead furrowed as she pressed the rolling pin down on the dough. "Not bad trouble. The teacher, Mrs. Phillips, said we all had to stand and talk for one minute. A lot of the kids were scared to be up in front of the class. Like they were afraid of getting bullied or something. I wasn't scared, because I knew what I was going to talk about." "Which was?" "Defensive wounds." Oh, my Lord. "A fascinating topic for a fifth grader." "Yes!" She grinned at me and picked up a flower cookie cutter. "You get it, Aunt Toni, I knew you would. You know what defensive wounds are, right?" I sure did. "I also told the whole class how to defend themselves against a kidnapper—poke out his eyes, bite his hand, smash his face up, stomp on his inner foot, scream your head off. I showed them how to put their weight on their left foot and bring their right foot up superhard into the man's nuts, and all the kids practiced kicking a kidnapper in the privates and poking out his eyes and then I had crime photos that I ... uh ... I ... uh ... borrowed from Mom ..." "Like for props?" "Yes!" Way to go, Aunt Toni! Ailani smiled. Then she frowned. "That's when I got into trouble. The teacher said the photos weren't appropriate. I hate that word: appropriate. But I said you don't want to end up dead like this, and the teacher said no more photos. Some of the kids said they were scared, and a boy started to cry." Whew. Well, that's our Ailani. I picked up a cookie cutter. It was a four-leaf clover. "Then I wanted to talk to the kids about how to get out of the trunk of a car if they got kidnapped, but the teacher said I had run out of time. She looked kinda tired." Ailani's face was confounded. She frowned, then she smiled. "But I think I'm getting an A because it's important to know about defensive wounds and how to escape from kidnappers, right?" I hardly knew what to say. My mother opened the door to the backyard, and Koa toddled in. "Hey, Koa!" Ailani bent down and hugged Koa the monster, then said, "He tried to eat my lizard today." "You tried to eat a lizard today, Koa?" I clamped my lips together and tried not to laugh. He smiled at me, not a lot of teeth. "I eat lizard." I brushed the hair back from his cowlick. "No, don't. They don't taste good." "Taste good." He giggled. "You need a lid that he can't lift off the lizard aquarium, Ailani." "I know. Mom's getting it." "If you don't, Mr. Grins here is going to eat him for lunch." "Brass knuckles," she said, rolling out more cookie dough. "What?" "The lizard's name is Brass Knuckles. You know. The weapon." "Yes, I know." "And I named my new goldfish, too." "I can hardly wait to hear their names." "Nunchucks and You're Arrested." "You have a lot going on in your head, don't you?" "Yes, I do. Sometimes it's too much and I have to lay my
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Cal.Rptr. 243, 246 (1979) (upholding statute). See also Mass.Gen.Laws Ann. ch. 229, 2 (West Cum.Supp.1980) (railroad not liable in wrongful death for negligence where decedent violated rules of carrier). [2] It is important to keep in mind that ad hoc application of 339 is not equivalent to evaluating child trespasser cases under the standard of "reasonable care to be exercised under all the circumstances," Blumenthal v. Cairo Hotel Corp., D.C.App., 256 A.2d 400, 402 (1969), which this court applies to invitees. See D.C. Transit System, Inc. v. Carney, D.C.App., 254 A.2d 402 (1969). Because of Firfer v. United States, 93 U.S.App.D.C. 216, 219, 208 F.2d 524, 528 (1953), there is a presumption that a trespasser assumes the risk of coming onto the property. That presumption, of course, is conclusive as to an adult, whereas it is rebuttable by a child. A child, however, has the burden to prove under 339(c) that he did not appreciate (and thus assume) the risk in coming onto the property. Beard, supra, 4 Cal.App.3d at 136, 84 Cal.Rptr. at 454. Similarly, the child has the burden under 339(d) and (e) to prove the feasibility of eliminating the danger or otherwise protecting children. Id. Accordingly, even though a child trespasser is not automatically barred from recovery, he must, because of Firfer, supra, carry a burden of proof which an invitee would not. The situation would be different, of course, if we were to abandon Firfer, supra, in favor of a single standard of reasonable care under the circumstances. See Blumenthal, supra at 402; Carney, supra, at 403; Smith v. Arbaugh's Restaurant, Inc., 152 U.S.App.D.C. 86, 96, 469 F.2d 97, 107 (1972), cert. denied, 412 U.S. 939, 93 S.Ct. 2774, 37 L.Ed.2d 399 (1973); Rowland v. Christian, 69 Cal.2d 108, 117, 70 Cal.Rptr. 97, 104, 443 P.2d 561, 568 (1968) (en banc); Mile High Fence Co. v. Radovich, 175 Colo. 537, 548, 489 P.2d 308, 314 (1971) (en banc); Pickard v. City & County of Honolulu, 51 Haw. 134, 135, 452 P.2d 445, 446 (1969); Ouellette v. Blanchard, 116 N.H. 552, 557, 364 A.2d 631, 634 (1976); Basso v. Miller, 40 N.Y.2d 233, 241, 386 N.Y.S.2d 564-568, 352 N.E.2d 868, 872 (1976); Mariorenzi v. Joseph DiPonte, Inc., 114 R.I. 294, 307, 333 A.2d 127, 133 (1975). See generally Comment, The Common Law Tort Liability of Owners and Occupiers of Land: A Trap for the Unwary, 36 Md.L.Rev. 816 (1977). I am reluctant to reconsider Firfer, supra, until we are presented a more typical case, perhaps involving an adult trespasser. See Soule v. Massachusetts Electric Co., Mass., 390 N.E.2d 716, 721 (1979). [3] Penn Central's situation is different. I would affirm the grant of summary judgment. Appellants did not file a Rule 12-I(k) statement controverting Penn Central's statement of material facts or setting forth any other genuine issue of material fact. It is therefore undisputed that appellant's injury occurred on the B & O right-of-way and was not caused by a Penn Central train. Thus, the only possible basis for Penn Central liability would be a breach of duty to help protect child trespassers against injury from a B & O train (or any other train) on B & O property contiguous to Penn Central tracks where appellant may have been playing. Given six contiguous, parallel tracksÔÇöthree B & O, then three Penn CentralÔÇöit would be logical to conclude that any duty to child trespassers should be the railroads' joint responsibility. Absent a barrier between parallel track properties, it is arguably as foreseeable that a child with easy access to Penn Central tracks will be injured by a B & O train a few yards away as it is that a Penn Central train will strike the child. On the other hand, the law is well established, at least in other contexts, that a possessor of land does not have a duty to protect someone on his property against a dangerous condition on adjacent propertyÔÇöfor example, by fencing. Cousins v. Yaeger, 394 F.Supp. 595, 604-05 (E.D.Pa.1975); Villani v. Wilmington Housing Authority, 48 Del. 450, 453, 106 A.2d 211, 213 (1954); Corcoran v. City of San Mateo, 122 Cal.App.2d 355, 358, 265 P.2d 102, 104 (1953); see Jones v. United States, 241 F.2d 26, 28-29 (4th Cir.1957). A California appellate court, in fact, has acknowledged this rule in the present context, though without much elaboration, noting that a railroad did not have a duty to protect against injury on the nearby track of another. Gutirrez, supra 174 Cal.App.2d at 870-71, 345 P.2d at 328. I would not find such a duty here, for it would require standards especially difficult to formulate and apply. In the first place, assuming a potential joint duty, it is not clear how to define and evaluate whether the two railroads' tracks are physically so close to one another that one railroad could not, as a practical matter, be expected to bear responsibility alone for protecting wayward children against entry. Second, the implications of one railroad's refusing to cooperate are unclear. Third, proximate cause problems would be compounded by the possibility that one railroad would face liability for injury to a child by another railroad on the other's own right-of-way. 411 Mass. 788 (1992) 586 N.E.2d 3 ANN M. SHAHZADE vs. C.J. MABARDY, INC. Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, Middlesex. October 7, 1991. February 13, 1992. Present: LIACOS, C.J., WILKINS, LYNCH, O'CONNOR, & GREANEY, JJ. Richard T. Corbett for the defendant. Richard d'A. Belin for the plaintiff. LIACOS, C.J. This is a personal injury action arising out of an automobile accident involving the plaintiff, Ann M. Shahzade, and an employee of the defendant corporation, 789 C.J. Mabardy, Inc.[1] The case was tried to a jury which returned a verdict for the plaintiff in the amount of $300,000. After a motion for a new trial was denied, the defendant appealed to the Appeals Court. We transferred the case to this court on our own motion. The defendant argues the trial judge failed to conduct an impartial trial, and that he erred in refusing to instruct the jury "on the issue of plaintiff's comparative negligence, both as a result of her sudden stopping of her vehicle and her failure to use a seat belt." We affirm. In November, 1984, the plaintiff was stopped in a line of traffic approaching a stop sign at the intersection of Cross Street and Lake Street in Belmont, when her automobile was hit from behind by a pickup truck owned by the defendant and driven by the defendant's employee, Joseph Murphy. The parties differ slightly in their accounts of the events immediately preceding the accident. The plaintiff testified that she had stopped and waited in the line of traffic before she was hit unexpectedly from behind. Murphy testified that he and the plaintiff both had been stopped in the line of traffic, that the plaintiff proceeded and that he followed, that the plaintiff then stopped "suddenly, unexpected[ly]," and that Murphy did not have enough time to stop. Murphy estimated that he was travelling fifteen miles an hour when he struck the plaintiff's automobile. The plaintiff, who was not wearing a seat belt,[2] was thrown forward in her automobile and her head hit the steering wheel. The plaintiff was shaken but was able to drive her automobile home. Once home, she called a friend to take her to the emergency department at Choate-Symmes Hospital, where she was examined, treated, and released. 790 The next morning the plaintiff noticed that her left eye was red. She made an appointment with an ophthamologist, Dr. Paul Barsam, who determined that the plaintiff had sustained an ocular contusion, or a blow to the eye, which resulted in "edema, or swelling, like a blister" in the back of her left eye. The plaintiff subsequently developed complications in both eyes, including retinal detachment in her right eye. By the time of trial in 1989, the plaintiff had lost 40% of the vision in her right eye. Barsam testified that the
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6803, 1543, 342, 253, 6003, 390, 4292, 665, 9716, 390, 24834, 634, 6803, 1690, 533, 417, 3710, 281 ]	services and accompanying documentation are comprised of "commercial computer software" and "commercial computer software documentation" as such terms are used in 48 C.F.R. 12.212 (SEPT 1995) and are provided to the Government (i) for acquisitions by or on behalf of civilian agencies, consistent with the policy set forth in 48 C.F.R. 12.212; or (ii) for acquisitions by or on behalf of units of the Department of Defense, consistent with the policies set forth in 48 C.F.R. 227.7202-1 (JUN 1995) and 227.7202-3 (JUN 1995). 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§ 154, 108 Stat. 4437 (1994) ("Section 154"), published at 42 U.S.C. § 1395b-3 (note). Plaintiffs, who advocate for the interests of senior citizens, include numerous low-income Medicare beneficiaries in their memberships. (Compl. at ¶¶ 3-6.) They allege that, under section 1395b-3, defendants are responsible for establishing "a comprehensive plan of information, counseling and assistance to assure that low income Medicare beneficiaries learn about the buy-in program[s] and how to participate in [them,]" and that defendants have breached this responsibility. (Compl. at ¶ 1.) The primary relief they seek is an injunction ordering defendants to aggressively provide information and aid to those Medicare beneficiaries qualified for the buy-in programs. Defendants have moved to dismiss, or, in the alternative, for summary judgment. They argue that (1) plaintiffs lack standing to bring the complaint; (2) the efforts of the Secretary of Health and Human Services ("the Secretary") pursuant to section 1395b-3 and section 154 are not subject to judicial review; and (3) if subject to judicial review, these efforts constitute a reasonable interpretation of his statutory responsibilities.[7] DISCUSSION I. Motion to Dismiss A. Standing Defendants have challenged the standing of plaintiffs to bring their claim. To establish standing under Article III, a plaintiff must demonstrate that: (1) he has suffered an injury in fact; (2) the injury is fairly traceable to the defendant's conduct; and (3) it is likely the injury will be redressed by a favorable decision. Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife, 504 U.S. 555, 560-61, 112 S.Ct. 2130, 119 L.Ed.2d 351 (1992); see also Motor & Equip. Mfrs. Ass'n v. Nichols, 142 F.3d 449, 456-57 (D.C.Cir. 1998). An organization has standing to sue if it meets this same test. Spann v. Colonial Village, Inc., 899 F.2d 24, 27 (D.C.Cir.1990). Defendants do not contest the first two elements. They do, however, argue that the harms alleged by plaintiffs would not be redressed by a favorable decision. Plaintiffs disagree. This argument is, at bottom, about the nature of the harm alleged. Defendants argue that the harm alleged is solely economic individual members must pay Medicare premiums which would otherwise be covered by the buy-in programs and the plaintiff organizations themselves must expend resources educating their members about the programs. Defendants argue that because the states have the primary responsibility for administering the buy-in programs and enrolling eligible beneficiaries, it is "sheer speculation" that ordering defendants to provide different or further information, counseling or assistance services under section 1395b-3 will result in increased enrollment in these programs, and reduced harm to the plaintiffs. Defs.' Mot. at 8-9. Plaintiffs respond that the harm is not only the economic loss which results from a lack of information, counseling, and assistance, but the lack of information, counseling, and assistance itself. If defendants complied with their obligations under section 1395b-3, plaintiffs argue, this harm would be addressed by providing the required services to those who need it. 72 Plaintiffs also argue that satisfactory delivery of these services will lead to increased enrollment in the buy-in programs and reduce the economic harms suffered by their members and themselves. Plaintiffs have the better argument. An infringement of an individual's statutory right to receive information can support standing. Pub. Citizen v. Fed. Trade Comm'n, 869 F.2d 1541, 1548 (D.C.Cir.1989). In Public Citizen, plaintiff organizations had standing to challenge an exception to the warning label requirements of the Smokeless Tobacco Act in 1986 because their members were "being deprived of warnings to which they are legally entitled." Id. Further, affirmative denials of information, as with a request under the Freedom of Information of Act or the Federal Advisory Committee Act, constitute sufficiently distinct injuries to provide standing to sue. Pub. Citizen v. U.S. Dep't of Justice, 491 U.S. 440, 449, 109 S.Ct. 2558, 105 L.Ed.2d 377 (1989). Here, plaintiffs have statutory rights both to receive information, counseling and assistance through a beneficiary assistance program under section 1395b-3(c), and to be made aware of the program itself under section 1395b-3(e) and section 154. Plaintiffs allege defendants' failure to comply properly with these provisions has denied plaintiffs' members sufficient access to the information and services provided for in section 1395b-3. The allegation of such a denial of information to which one is legally entitled supports standing under Public Citizen. Moreover, plaintiffs need not prove that granting the requested relief is certain to redress their injuries. Int'l Ladies Garment Union v. Donovan, 722 F.2d 795, 811 (D.C.Cir.1983), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 820, 105 S.Ct. 93, 83 L.Ed.2d 39, (1984) (citing Duke Power Co. v. Carolina Envtl. Study Group, Inc., 438 U.S. 59, 78, 98 S.Ct. 2620, 57 L.Ed.2d 595, (1978)). Where the requested relief would only "significantlyrather than completely redress the [plaintiffs'] injuries, this would be sufficient" to establish standing. Id. at 811-812 n. 27. Here, the primary harm alleged by plaintiffs is lack of information and services. Defendants argue that the remedy plaintiffs seek would "only mean that the Secretary would be required to disseminate the same information in a different way." Defs.' Mot. at 10. However, plaintiffs are not simply challenging the content of the information provided under section 1395b-3 but rather the "way" in which that information is provided, namely in a manner insufficient to reach eligible beneficiaries. Relief that would provide even the same information but in a manner that does reach all or most eligible beneficiaries would significantly redress the injury allegedly caused by defendants' inadequate provision of those services to plaintiffs' members eligible to receive them. It would further significantly redress the injury to the plaintiff organizations themselves by obviating the need for those organizations to educate their members about the buy-in programs. Accordingly, I find that plaintiffs have standing to bring their claims in this court. B. Judicial Review Courts in this Circuit begin with "the strong presumption that Congress intends judicial review of administrative action ... and that the court will not deny review unless there is persuasive reason to believe that such was the purpose of Congress." Ramah Navajo Sch. Bd., Inc. v. Babbitt, 87 F.3d 1338, 1343-44 (D.C.Cir. 1996) (internal citations and quotations omitted). However, judicial review is not appropriate where either (1) Congress has affirmatively precluded judicial review or (2) the statute at issue is "drawn so that a court would have no meaningful standard against which to judge the agency's exercise 73 of discretion." Heckler v. Chaney, 470 U.S. 821, 830, 105 S.Ct. 1649, 84 L.Ed.2d 714 (1985). Judicial review is not expressly precluded in the text of the statutes at issue here. Defendants argue, though, that (1) judicial review is precluded by the legislative history of section 1395b-3, which indicates the Program was to receive a lump-sum appropriation; and (2) that section 1395b-3 falls squarely within the second Chaney exception. These arguments are unpersuasive. First, it is not clear that Congress meant to prevent judicial review of the Secretary's actions under section 1395b-3 by granting it a lump-sum appropriation. Defendants point to the Conference Report for section 1395b-3, which states that the Health Care Financing Administration ("HCFA") would be responsible for providing these services "pending available resources." H.R. Conf. Rep. No. 101-946, 101st Cong., 2d Sess. at 905, reprinted in 1990 U.S.C.C.A.N. They argue that this language indicates the Program is to be funded from the agency's lump-sum appropriation, which is traditionally regarded as committed to agency discretion and not subject to judicial review. Lincoln v. Vigil, 508 U.S. 182, 192, 113 S.Ct. 2024, 124 L.Ed.2d 101 (1993). However, Congress cannot place conditions upon the Secretary's use of funds through language in a conference report accompanying a bill. Id. at 193, 113 S.Ct. 2024. The plain language of the statutes gives no guidance as to how the program is to be paid for or whether allocation of funds for the Program or the Method should be left to the discretion of the Secretary. The snippet of legislative history relied on by defendants is neither an explicit nor an implicit preclusion of judicial review. Second, the statute at issue here provides a "meaningful standard against which to judge the agency's exercise of discretion." Heckler, 470 U.S. at 830, 105 S.Ct. 1649. Agency action is committed to agency discretion by law if the statute authorizing the agency action is "drawn in such broad terms that in a given case there is no law to apply." Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe, 401 U.S. 402, 410, 91 S.Ct. 814, 28 L.Ed.2
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15, 187, 187, 42, 5194, 428, 1652, 281, 642, 1345, 32496, 604, 253, 9732, 434, 9974, 347, 253, 4412 ]	vote of no confidence"? A true vote of no-confidence would be a rejection of the contract. You kinda can't have it both ways. Either you accept the contract, and the bureaucracy on the other side of the table, including MJG, OR you vote NO. If you accept the contract, but then vote no-confidence, to sort of whine about it in lamest way... it would be exceedingly weak. Don't these two people know that MAP is a formative assessment not suitable for teacher evaluation? If so, why did the district push for this (and who knows, it might still be a part of this "tentative agreement" discussed tonight) Mr. Bernetek was Carla Santorno's chief data cherry-picker in charge for the Everyday Math adoption on May 30, 2007. What he knows and what he reports are often two different things. He acts like most of the Central Administrative toadies. Gates Data Fellow Dr. Eric M. Anderson (of REA) authored an NTN memo on Jan 29, 2010 that was NOT toadie work and also a paper that looked at increasing achievement in diverse urban districts (for the failing schools grant the West Seattle and Hawthorne Elementary schools won.) that ran counter to the MGJ toadie's views. I have had very positive interactions with Mr. Anderson. He understands data, its proper use and its improper use. There aren't many in the JSCEE about whom I can say that. So far he has been very candid about what numbers mean and don't mean. Mr. Bernetek also understands data and its meaning. He started out very candid, but has, on a couple of occassions allowed the meaning of data to be misrepresented and has, a couple times, done a little lying with statistics himself. That's not unforgivable. I've certainly done it, as, I presume, everyone who presents numbers for a living must do at times. I differ with you Charlie, as to your assertion that its forgivable for Mr Bernatek to lie about the numbers/stats... Mr Bernatek works for us... he has a fiduciary/ethical responsibility to present us with the truth... If his boss (MGJ) wants him to lie about the numbers to help push her agenda, then he has a duty to resist that, and to make it public... I was sacked from a job because I would not comply with my employer's demand that I lie about circulation figures for a magazine of which I was the advertising manager... my predecessor had gone along with the lie, thereby defrauding his advertising clients of substantial amounts of money... This, I found out, was the modus operandi across the entire range of magazines published by this company... I reported the company to the appropriate authorities, it was put under regulatory supervision and 6 months later collapsed. With that collapse came the revelation that the company owner had embezzled more than $1.5M from his investors and $800K was never accounted for.... We should not be in the position that we need to double check all senior management work on the off chance they are lying to us, and then having to call them out on it when we find out they are... Mr. Bernatek and I (and just about everyone else who knows what they are doing with numbers) don't lie ABOUT statistics. We don't misstate the numbers. We lie WITH statistics. We tell the true, correct numbers, but we tell them in a biased way. It's easy to do. You just have to know little tricks like adjusting the scale on charts. The difference between 102 and 108 looks a lot bigger if the scale is from 100 to 110. It looks a lot smaller if the scale is 0 to 200. You can say that X is 10% more than Y, or that X is 110% of Y. Which makes the difference sound bigger? Would you say that J is 33% more than K or would you say that K is 25% less than J? You can say that something cost $360 a year or $30 a month or less than a dollar a day. Which makes it sound like less? They are all true and correct. What would the monorail have cost? When stating the cost would you include the interest or not? Is it a lie to leave the interest cost off the price? What does a house cost - with the interest? Are the dollars expressed in current dollars or future dollars? All of these methods are easy to learn, easy to use, and, for the initiated, easy to detect. Once you are familiar with the tricks you can spot them quickly. I refer you to the 1954 classic manual by Darrell Huff, How to Lie with Statistics. I have a copy on my bookshelf and I recommend it for yours. But none of these methods include actually misstating the numbers. That would indeed be unforgivable. and my point was, Charlie, that one ought not to need to be one of the initiated to find one's way through the statistical minefield... One ought to be able to trust paid public servants to tell the complete unvarnished truth about the numbers... they are not paid to have an agenda or to mess around with the graphics to fit someone else's agenda... As a parent, I am completely in the dark about how the bargaining team and district have come to a tentative agreement. But I wonder if that EPI study had anything to do with it. It's in the Washington Post now - that would be a major embarrassment if the district tried to enforce something that even the Washington Post says is unsupported by evidence. Here's the story: Maybe the HSPE scores ARE on topic. We are discussing the contract, the major sticking point being teacher evaluation using tests based on standards. We have the Soon-to-be-announced federal standards, the HSPE standards, the MAP standards, the new Department standards, standards of living, light standards and standard deviation. A similar article urging caution on VAMs is on the front page of the NY Times now too: http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/01/education/01teacher.html I feel like all of us here were ahead of the curve, finding and reporting on the various studies out there, like the Schocket and Chiang paper about random errors and the National Academies position statement from October 2009 stating that VAMs should only be used in pilot projects. Both are mentioned by the NY Times reporter. Maybe citizen bloggers can affect the news! oops, Lori, the hyper link I created doesn't work, goes to a "page not found" message. I tried copying and pasting your link, that didn't work. Then I tried just searching "teachers" under today's NY Times....nothin' (there WAS a scary Thomas Friedman op-ed extolling charters, the wonderful new merit pay in DC, and the movie "Waiting for Superman"... hmmm, maybe you need toe signed in to the Times to read it? The title of the article is "Formula to Grade Teachers’ Skill Gains in Use, and Critics" and it's right on the home page of the Times when I pull it up on-line. It's by Sam Dillon and first published on line earlier this evening. From SEA's facebook page:"The Seattle EA and district continued today to work through the final contract details before atentative agreement is in place to take to SEA members for a vote on Thursday. #seabargain" This, I'm informed, was sent at 6:30 pm Monday via district email to all staff by the Office of Communications and Public Affairs: "We’re very pleased to let you know that SEA and SPS believe that we have reached tentative agreement. We will meet again tomorrow, Tuesday, to confirm final details and will provide information about the tentative agreement at 4:30 p.m. Tuesday." They find it interesting, among other things, that the Dept of Ed did it's own report questioning VA evaluation, yet still required districts to use it in RTTT applications...Melissa is right: It's time to stop this train on its tracks until a bit more unbiased research is conducted....by the conductor...not the engineer...nor the fireman... (and yes, I have been refreshing FB and twitter and the newspaper ALL afternoon and evening looking for the updates on the negotiations. As someone campaigning against the levy, I WANT to know if the levy is pertinent!) I wish EVERYONE would use links instead of copy/pasting long articles. That turns folks off from reading further and becoming part of the conversation, when there are multiple long posts all from the same people. Let's ALL try to be good about using links and keeping our comments to the point. About these contracts though, good golly, I am wondering what the story is. What happened today to derail what they thought was an agreement? And WHEN will the Principal's vote on their contract? What a stitch, the very idea that principals have a union. Can you imagine them striking? Wouldn't that be something! Olgae Addae is checking - and very quickly - responding to e-mails. [email protected] I wrote and expressed my support for teachers - and what I believe Charlie posted -- requesting that teachers not strike but continue to work even without a contract, and if need be have the District lock them out. I agree - little to no public empathy if the teacher's strike as the District
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247, 2133, 281, 617, 1481, 15, 309, 9716, 247, 5739, 7512, 281, 897, 323, 617, 2133, 15, 3900, 417, 3962, 352, 369, 2217, 1491, 323, 479, 15, 187, 187, 510, 1481, 11860, 273, 18175, 574, 11096, 4648, 594, 309, 476, 626, 921, 352, 1060, 13, 533, 253, 1755 ]	* * @param bimg the BufferedImage that will be used as a destination for * a {@code PixelReader<IntBuffer>#getPixels()} operation. * @return / private static WritablePixelFormat<IntBuffer> getAssociatedPixelFormat(BufferedImage bimg) { switch (bimg.getType()) { // We lie here for xRGB, but we vetted that the src data was opaque // so we can ignore the alpha. We use ArgbPre instead of Argb // just to get a loop that does not have divides in it if the // PixelReader happens to not know the data is opaque. case BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB: case BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB_PRE: return PixelFormat.getIntArgbPreInstance(); case BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB: return PixelFormat.getIntArgbInstance(); default: // Should not happen... throw new InternalError("Failed to validate BufferedImage type"); } } private static boolean checkFXImageOpaque(PixelReader pr, int iw, int ih) { for (int x = 0; x < iw; x++) { for (int y = 0; y < ih; y++) { Color color = pr.getColor(x,y); if (color.getOpacity() != 1.0) { return false; } } } return true; } /* * Snapshots the specified JavaFX {@link Image} object and stores a * copy of its pixels into a {@link BufferedImage} object, creating * a new object if needed. * The method will only convert a JavaFX {@code Image} that is readable * as per the conditions on the * {@link Image#getPixelReader() Image.getPixelReader()} * method. * If the {@code Image} is not readable, as determined by its * {@code getPixelReader()} method, then this method will return null. * If the {@code Image} is a writable, or other dynamic image, then * the {@code BufferedImage} will only be set to the current state of * the pixels in the image as determined by its {@link PixelReader}. * Further changes to the pixels of the {@code Image} will not be * reflected in the returned {@code BufferedImage}. * <p> * The optional {@code BufferedImage} parameter may be reused to store * the copy of the pixels. * A new {@code BufferedImage} will be created if the supplied object * is null, is too small or of a type which the image pixels cannot * be easily converted into. * * @param img the JavaFX {@code Image} to be converted * @param bimg an optional {@code BufferedImage} object that may be * used to store the returned pixel data * @return a {@code BufferedImage} containing a snapshot of the JavaFX * {@code Image}, or null if the {@code Image} is not readable. * @since JavaFX 2.2 */ public static BufferedImage fromFXImage(Image img, BufferedImage bimg) { PixelReader pr = img.getPixelReader(); if (pr == null) { return null; } int iw = (int) img.getWidth(); int ih = (int) img.getHeight(); PixelFormat<?> fxFormat = pr.getPixelFormat(); boolean srcPixelsAreOpaque = false; switch (fxFormat.getType()) { case INT_ARGB_PRE: case INT_ARGB: case BYTE_BGRA_PRE: case BYTE_BGRA: // Check fx image opacity only if // supplied BufferedImage is without alpha channel if (bimg != null && (bimg.getType() == BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR \|\| bimg.getType() == BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB)) { srcPixelsAreOpaque = checkFXImageOpaque(pr, iw, ih); } break; case BYTE_RGB: srcPixelsAreOpaque = true; break; } int prefBimgType = getBestBufferedImageType(pr.getPixelFormat(), bimg, srcPixelsAreOpaque); if (bimg != null) { int bw = bimg.getWidth(); int bh = bimg.getHeight(); if (bw < iw \|\| bh < ih \|\| bimg.getType() != prefBimgType) { bimg = null; } else if (iw < bw \|\| ih < bh) { Graphics2D g2d = bimg.createGraphics(); g2d.setComposite(AlphaComposite.Clear); g2d.fillRect(0, 0, bw, bh); g2d.dispose(); } } if (bimg == null) { bimg = new BufferedImage(iw, ih, prefBimgType); } DataBufferInt db = (DataBufferInt)bimg.getRaster().getDataBuffer(); int data[] = db.getData(); int offset = bimg.getRaster().getDataBuffer().getOffset(); int scan = 0; SampleModel sm = bimg.getRaster().getSampleModel(); if (sm instanceof SinglePixelPackedSampleModel) { scan = ((SinglePixelPackedSampleModel)sm).getScanlineStride(); } WritablePixelFormat<IntBuffer> pf = getAssociatedPixelFormat(bimg); pr.getPixels(0, 0, iw, ih, pf, data, offset, scan); return bimg; } } Hillary '08 NOVEMBER 30, 2006 Hugh Syme's Cover for Rush's Moving Pictures. Without disclosing the name of the magazine I did this for, I was assigned an illustration of Hillary Clinton. I was meeting illustrators up at the Society of Illustrators and saw Anita Kunz. She said she passed on the job. That's always funny. I used to get bummed to be the second call, but I would absolutely call Anita first. The concept I was working with was that a Hillary campaign for President would be a brutal process and she is the GOP's top nemesis. They hate her. Still, she forges ahead. Joan of Arc seemed a nice portrait twist. I said I would do it if I could come in close; the AD wanted to see all of her and the area below her feet. Too much background and I lose my eye contact connection. I did a rough sketch that indicated my pose. I kept seeing the Hugh Syme album cover for Rush's 'Moving Pictures' in which movers are moving paintings. (Hugh Syme is an amazing artist). My thumbnail of Hillary at the stake When I have a job and am being asked to do something I would rather not do, I try to show the AD what I would do. I rarely charge for this preview if I request to show my idea. It's a good faith offer to have them consider my design. Most often I get to do what I offer. Thumbnail with Tweaks However, I am wary of showing thumbnails. My roughs are so different from my finished illustrations and if the publisher or art director doesn't know me I worry that they will get cold feet. So before I sent my rough, sketched in minutes, I photoshopped a bit of environment that I thought might sell my idea. A more accurate drawing The client approved the design and environment, but wanted more of her and for me to turn her a bit more in order to see the stake. I then had the time and at the Society of Illustrators while the editorial jury was working, did this drawing. A sexy drawing of Hillary with environment. The client approved the sketch. I then took my drawing and shot it and imported it into photoshop to show the general tone. One additional comment was to NOT have her in flames but merely indicate some smoke around her. Reference for her body In cases like this, a client provides me reference of the subject. The reference in this case was perfect if I pushed her pissed off look a bit, so I had to fit a body to her head. I purchased a stock photo to use for her body. While not perfect it was enough information for me. The headshot of Hillary had restricted uses so I can't show it here, but the top
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4492, 15, 20963, 187 ]	't worry about it. Don't stop. Don't contemplate walking. Defeatism is not allowed. It also makes for poor time. Keep on keeping on. Think of the long-distance lorry driver and how he gets further up the road in a shorter time than the flash-car motorist that is forever pulling over to service stations. Or think of the tortoise and the hare. It is all about keeping going. Don't expect to master the art of hill climbing overnight. But if you keep at it then it will come to you. A: The gradient and length of your hill will influence how you handle it. Generally speaking it is good to maintain your momentum for as long as you can. Standing up is fine if you're intending to power up a short hill. If you're in it for a long slog, it is good to stay seated, put your hands on the flats, breath deeply and keep the upper body as relaxed as possible. Occasionally stand up and mash to break the monotony or force your cadence higher but you'll waste energy if you do it too much. It certainly is possible to be in too low of a gear (especially on a triple like you have). If you're spinning quickly and the steering is slightly wobbly, your gear is too low and you should try something higher and go faster. Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY) suggested expanding the United States’s two party system in an interview Thursday. MSNBC’s Chuck Todd questioned the freshman congresswoman about whether her brand of Democratic socialism can appeal outside of her deep blue New York district, before probing about whether the two-party system reflects the diverse viewpoints of the country. “Do you think it would be helpful for our system if we have four or five parties?” Todd asked. The Democrat agreed. “Four or five, I think that’s fine,” she added. “It sounds like the two major parties, you feel like, don’t serve this well,” Todd followed up. “I think that it’s totally fine to say that a two party system is, especially in this time of gridlock, is sometimes a difficult thing to navigate,” she replied. “It’s a normal thing to say after these years and years and decades of gridlock. Saying, maybe something here is structurally wrong.” “I think it’s a fine conversation to have,” she added. Earlier in the interview, Ocasio-Cortez said she considers herself a capitalist, which she argued can be reconciled with her Democratic socialism. Watch above, via MSNBC. Have a tip we should know? [email protected] Star halfway across the universe was visible to naked eye for 30 secs on Wednesday - alexwg http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/03/080321-brightest-object.html ====== dhimes Those of you interested in astronomical things may enjoy <http://www.badastronomy.com/> ------ mynameishere [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_ray_burst#Mass_extinction...](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_ray_burst#Mass_extinction_on_Earth) ------ trekker7 Wow, this is amazing. Anybody on HN happen to see it? ------ doubleplus Halfway across the visible universe, not the entire universe, which is 90+ billion light years across. 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pm ct, the shape of his assassination, we determine computing machine vigil ceremonies and get back his life principle of violent aim action. Kinsfolk with sentiments across the persuasion compass square measure invited to unify and perceive frequent reach against corruption. We disinherit overpower water parting and usurp propaganda by take shape communities of hold and compassion.College wrestler suspended for homophobic tweets about Michael Sam A Kent State wrestler is in hot water after sending out some offensive tweets about Michael Sam. Kent State sophomore Sam Wheeler used anti-gay language while complaining that Sam, the first openly gay NFL draft prospect, was the only story on SportsCenter on Monday. The university suspended Wheeler indefinitely. Sam announced he is gay on Sunday night. He won SEC Defensive Player of the Year after recording 11.5 sacks for Missouri last season. “We are aware of the insensitive tweets by one of our student athletes,” director of athletics Joel Nielsen said in a statement released by Kent State. “On behalf of Kent State University, we consider these comments to be ignorant and not indicative of the beliefs held by our university community as a whole. This is an educational opportunity for all of our student-athletes.” “As an alum of Kent State University and as Sam’s head coach, I was surprised and offended by what I read on Twitter,” wrestling coach Jim Andrassy said in a statement. “I have spoken to Sam personally, and while he is remorseful, he will be suspended indefinitely while we determine the best course of action moving forward.”Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome Common Name(s) Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome is a multisystem, genetic condition characterized blood platelet dysfunction with prolonged bleeding, visual impairment, and abnormally light coloring of the skin, hair, and eyes (oculocutaneous albinism). Long-term sun exposure greatly increases the risk of skin damage and skin cancers. Some individuals have colitis, kidney failure, and pulmonary fibrosis. Symptoms of pulmonary fibrosis usually appear during the early thirties and rapidly worsen. This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. There are eight different types of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, which can be distinguished by their signs and symptoms and underlying genetic cause. Types 1 and 4 are the most severe forms. Types 1, 2, and 4 are the only types associated with pulmonary fibrosis. Individuals with type 3, 5, or 6 have the mildest symptoms of all the types. Little is known about the signs, symptoms, and severity of types 7 and 8. To ensure that people affected by bleeding disorders have the freedom to make choices and seize opportunities To enable people affected by bleeding disorders to better understand and manage their condition or situation. To enable people affected by bleeding disorders to participate in decision making and service delivery. To influence policy and improve services to people with bleeding disorders. How do you compare to others with this condition? Anonymously share and see how your answers compare with others with this condition while privately providing key pieces of information to medical researchers, disease advocacy groups, and others ONLY YOU select to help speed up cures and better alternatives. Advocacy and Support Organizations Condition Specific Organizations Following organizations serve the condition "Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome" for support, advocacy or research. To ensure that people affected by bleeding disorders have the freedom to make choices and seize opportunities To enable people affected by bleeding disorders to better understand and manage their condition or situation. To enable people affected by bleeding disorders to participate in decision making and service delivery. To influence policy and improve services to people with bleeding disorders. General Support Organizations Recommended Apps Anonymously share and see how your answers compare with others with this condition while privately providing key pieces of information to medical researchers, disease advocacy groups, and others ONLY YOU select to help speed up cures and better alternatives. Finding the right clinical trial for Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome can be challenging. However, with TrialsFinder (which uses the Reg4ALL database and privacy controls by Private Access), you can permit researchers to let you know opportunities to consider - all without revealing your identity. Scientific Literature Articles from the PubMed Database Research articles describe the outcome of a single study. They are the published results of original research. The terms "Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome" returned 94 free, full-text research articles on human participants. First 3 results: We herein report a case of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) with nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP). A 58-year-old Japanese woman presented with oculocutaneous albinism and dyspnea on exertion. A high resolution computed tomography scan showed areas of reticular and ground glass ... Reviews from the PubMed Database Review articles summarize what is currently known about a disease. They discuss research previously published by others. The terms "Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome" returned 2 free, full-text review articles on human participants. First 3 results: Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare genetic disorder, the most common complication of which influencing the prognosis is pulmonary fibrosis. In the present report, we describe an autopsy case of a Japanese woman with HPS. The patient was diagnosed at 50 years of age based on ... According to ClinicalTrials.gov there are currently 0 additional "open" studies for "Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome" (open studies are recruiting volunteers) and 7 "Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome" studies with "all" status. Visit ClinicalTrials.gov now to view them. Or alternatively, consider TrialsFinder for assistance: Relief is when you and the right researcher find each other Finding the right clinical trial for Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome can be challenging. However, with TrialsFinder (which uses the Reg4ALL database and privacy controls by Private Access), you can permit researchers to let you know opportunities to consider - all without revealing your identity.Jessica Shipmanis an experienced web developer, software engineer, and WordPress blogger. With the goal of making technology less scary for bloggers and small businesses, Jessica offers a variety of services and helpful free tips. Are you ready to conquer your blogging tech? WORDPRESS HELP & MAINTENANCE With years of experience as a WordPress blogger and web developer, Jessica offers a unique combination of skills to get your blog running seamlessly. FREE TIPS & TRICKS FOR BLOGGERS Subscribe and check back for step by step tutorials for difficult tasks and advice on plugins and tech tools from a seasoned WordPress blogger. NEW E-COURSES COMING SOON! Be the first to know about the launch of brand new e-courses designed to help bloggers and small business owners conquer their tech! CURRENTLY ACCEPTING REQUESTS FOR FREELANCE WORK WHAT I DO CHECK OUT MY SERVICES WordPress Migration & Makeovers Dying to get your blog on WordPress, but overwhelmed with how to do it? Sick of your old theme and ready for an upgrade? I've got you covered with migrations from any other platform, custom makeovers, and even setting up brand new blogs! Troubleshooting & Customization Did you update a plugin and everything broke? Weird error message you can't figure out? Or just have a small feature you want to add? Talk to me and I'll walk you through the fix or get you all set up! Host Maintenance Do you want to transfer to a new host? Can't figure out how to set up custom email addresses? Or just don't have time to handle hosting issues when they happen. Let's talk about host maintenance packages! HTML & CSS Coaching Want to learn HTML & CSS to modify your blog or website on your own? Talk to me about how I can provide one on one tips, training, and even homework assignments to turn you into an HTML pro! Are you ready to boost your blog or business with FREE technical tips? HOW I'M DIFFERENT I CARE ABOUT CUSTOMER SERVICE I have high standards for customer service, which I will absolutely hold myself to. You can expect timely responses and results. I love my clients and they are my top priority! Your happiness is key. I'M A BLOGGER TOO I've been blogging professionally since March 2013, so I know first hand of the joys and struggles of trying to have your blog stand out. Want more proof? You can find me over at www.beaglesandbargains.com. MY GOAL IS TO EMPOWER YOU I value you and your time, so I'm not here to waste it. My goal is super simple. I want bloggers and small business owners to feel more comfortable with web development and technology. DROP ME A LINE Want to learn more? Ready to set sail to a bigger and better blog? Click the button below for my contact form or shoot an email over to [email protected]JavaScript must be enabled in order for you to use this site. However, it seems JavaScript is either disabled or not supported by your browser. Enable JavaScript by changing your browser options, and then try again. These kits are designed to replace incandescent lamps with LED lamps in Exit signs. Each features slim

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.D.Ohio 1986); Grosse, 68 B.R. at 856. Hence, from the point that it received notice of Holman's bankruptcy case April 13, 1988 Cash Cars' continued retention of the Automobile constituted a willful violation of the automatic stay. Cash Cars contends that the delay occasioned in returning the Automobile resulted from consultation with its attorney in order to determine its legal rights and obligations. According to Cash Cars, such consultation was eminently reasonable and should not give rise to sanctionable contempt. This assertion is not compelling. In view of the fact that Cash Cars received oral notification of the pendency of Holman's bankruptcy on April 7, 1988, it clearly had ample time to explore its legal rights and obligations before the time it received *769 official notification of debtor's bankruptcy filing on April 13, 1988. Furthermore, despite Cash Cars' protestations to the contrary, the time during which the Automobile was unlawfully retained far exceeded that reasonably necessary for Cash Cars to explore its legal rights and duties. Cash Cars also argues that, because the debtor made no formal demand for return of the Automobile until May 5, 1988, sanctions against it should not be imposed. This argument, being unsupported in fact or law, is also unavailing. The uncontraverted testimony of Landon establishes that he requested return of the vehicle to both Watkins and Cash at the first meeting of creditors. Transcript at 35. He subsequently repeated this request to Watkins on several occasions. Id. Hence, the testimony of Landon does not support Cash Cars' assertion that only a single demand for return of the Automobile on May 5, 1988 was made. In any event, a creditor that has repossessed collateral without knowledge of a bankruptcy petition has an affirmative duty to restore the status quo, which in this case would entail return of the Automobile, without the debtor having to seek relief from the bankruptcy court. See, Miller, 10 B.R. at 780, aff'd. 22 B.R. at 481 (D.Md.1982); Endres, 12 B.R. at 406 (holding that "refusal to return the property upon learning of the proceeding is a willful violation of the stay provisions and may be contemptible"); Wariner, 16 B.R. at 218 ("creditor has an affirmative duty to return the property and restore the status quo once it learns its actions violated the stay"); Behm, 44 B.R. at 813; Clark, 60 B.R. at 14 ("creditor who violates the automatic stay has an affirmative duty to return the property and restore the status quo once it learns its actions violate the stay"); Grosse, 68 B.R. at 850 ("creditor should undo its postpetition collection activities without the debtor having to seek affirmative relief from bankruptcy court"); Contra, In re Abt, 2 B.R. 323 (Bankr.E.D.Pa.1980). The rationale which underpins this sound rule of law was aptly summarized by the district court in its affirmance of the bankruptcy judge's imposition of sanctions in Miller [10 B.R. 778]: The courts have been quick to realize that creditor inaction can often be as disruptive to the debtor as affirmative collection efforts. E.g., In re Elder, 12 B.R. 491, 494 (Bkrtcy.M.D.Ga.1981) ("No action is unacceptable; no action is action to thwart the effectiveness of the automatic stay.") In recognition of this problem, creditors have been required, when necessary, to take affirmative steps to restore the status quo at the time of the filing of the petition for relief. See In re Norton, 15 B.R. 627 (Bkrtcy.E.D.Pa. 1981) (retention of tax refund by I.R.S. held contemptuous); In re Howren, 10 B.R. 303 (Bkrtcy.D.Kan.1981) (withholding by university of debtor's transcript violated automatic stay); In re Eisenberg, 7 B.R. 683 (Bkrtcy.E.D.N.Y.1980) (refusal by city to withdraw tax lien from tax lien sale contemptuous). To place the onus on the debtor, as the Bank would have the Court do, to take affirmative legal steps to recover property seized in violation of the stay would subject the debtor to the financial pressures the automatic stay was designed to temporarily abate, and render the contemplated breathing spell from his creditors illusory. 22 B.R. at 481. Thus, Cash Cars' contention that it had no obligation to return the Automobile until the debtor made an actual demand therefor flies in the face of the authorities outlined above. The remaining arguments advanced by Cash Cars are equally uncompelling. Cash Cars suggests that it had the right to retain the Automobile while it attempted to negotiate a reaffirmation agreement with Holman's counsel. As the case law discussed above indicates, a creditor must act immediately to restore the status quo once it learns that it has violated the automatic stay. To suggest that a creditor may retain collateral in violation of the automatic stay during the course of the reaffirmation negotiation process is ludicrous. Cash Cars also makes much of the fact that Holman's vehicle was uninsured (a fact which was not proven at hearing). According to Cash Cars, it could rightfully *770 retain possession of the Automobile until it was furnished with proof of insurance. A like contention was rejected by the Miller court and its observations are again apposite here: It does not follow from the fact that the Bankruptcy Court may condition a debtor's right to possession of his automobile upon his obtaining adequate insurance for that vehicle that private parties are free to unilaterally do the same. Section 362 contains provisions by which a creditor, upon proper application to the Bankruptcy Court, may obtain relief from the automatic stay. A creditor who employs self-help instead does so at its own risk. 22 B.R. at 482. Finally, Cash Cars suggests that Holman's "bad faith" in failing to list Cash Cars as a creditor in the schedules accompanying her petition should preclude the imposition of sanctions against Cash Cars. This argument is flawed. First, there is no evidence of record indicating that Holman's failure to list Cash Cars as a creditor in the schedules which she filed was anything more than an honest mistake on her part. No evidence establishing bad faith has been offered. Nevertheless, even if the Court were convinced that Holman acted in bad faith, this would not excuse Cash Cars' contemptuous conduct. Section 362(h) of the Bankruptcy Code provides that an individual injured by any willful violation of the automatic stay shall recover actual damages, including costs and attorneys' fees, and, in appropriate circumstances, may recover punitive damages. Having found that Cash Cars has willfully violated the automatic stay, the debtor is entitled to recovery of provable compensatory damages pursuant to § 362(h). Here, the Court finds that a $15 per day rental value for lost use of debtor's Automobile is reasonable. While Holman lost the use of the Automobile for a total of 29 days, for the first seven days that she was without use of the Automobile, Cash Cars had no notice of the pendency of this bankruptcy proceeding. Hence, of the 29 days during which Holman did not have access to the Automobile, 22 days of lost use of the Automobile are attributable to Cash Cars' contemptuous conduct. Accordingly, the Court awards the debtor $330 in damages for lost use of her Automobile and an additional six dollars ($6) as compensation for transportation costs paid by Holman to a co-worker. The Court further awards Holman $450 in attorney fees, such amount having been established by the testimony of Landon. Finally, although Holman testified that she lost three days of employment due to lack of transportation, no evidence was presented establishing Holman's rate of pay or the amount of lost wages which she suffered during this time period. Accordingly, the Court finds that Holman suffered a total of $786 in damages as a result of Cash Cars' willful violation of the automatic stay. Hence, Cash Cars is hereby ordered to pay the Debtor $786 in damages for its willful violation of the automatic stay imposed by 11 U.S.C. § 362(a). Finally, the Court notes that the imposition of punitive or exemplary damages would not be appropriate based upon the facts adduced at hearing. Based upon the foregoing, debtor's Motion for Sanctions is hereby GRANTED. Cash Cars is hereby ordered to pay damages to the debtor in the amount of $786. IT IS SO ORDERED. NOTES [1] The Court notes that the O'Reilly "decision" referred to by the parties was actually a one-page order drafted by Robert H. Farber, Jr., Landon's co-counsel in the present case, and signed by Judge Sellers. The O'Reilly order merely memorialized Judge Sellers' oral ruling from the bench in the contempt proceeding that came before the Court in that case. Thus, O'Reilly has no precedential value herein. Nevertheless, as discussed infra, the O'Reilly holding that a creditor's continued retention of lawfully repossessed collateral after receipt of notice or actual knowledge of a bankruptcy proceeding constitutes a willful violation of the automatic stay is supported by a host of reported decisions. Rob Kardashian and Blac Chyna have been the talk of the internet for the past 24 hours. Apparently Rob has posted some revenge porn photos of Blac Chyna on Instagram as well as some text and videos she sent him! According to some law enforcement, Rob may be in some trouble for posting revenge porn.… Alot of people now a days are creating successful businesses onlines. The most vital part of any online

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KRAS mutation was found to be associated with the absence of biological and clinical activity for the anti-EGFR antibody treatment. [7, 8, 14] Approximately 30% to 50% of colorectal tumors are known to have a mutated (abnormal) KRAS, indicating that up to 50% of patients with CRC might respond to anti-EGFR antibody therapy. However, 40% to 60% of patients with wild-type KRAS tumors do not respond. [1] In these patients, data suggest that mutated BRAF, which is present in 5% to 10% of tumors, can affect response to these agents. [5, 6, 10] To see complete information on Colorectal Cancer, please go to the main article by clicking here. Previous Next: Clinical Implications of the Genetic Mutations Several phase II/III randomized trials have revealed the favorable impact on survival associated with the administration of one of two currently available anti-EGFR antibodies (cetuximab [Erbitux], panitumumab [Vectibix]) in patients with KRAS wild-type. [7, 8, 9, 10] In July 2012, the indication for cetuximab was updated to specify treatment of KRAS mutation-negative (wild-type), EGFR-expressing, metastatic colorectal cancer as determine by FDA-approved tests (eg, therascreen KRAS RGQ PCR Kit). A careful read of the data from these and other trials clearly demonstrates that patients with mutated KRAS are unlikely to benefit from anti-EGFR antibody therapy. However, it is not clear that patients with KRAS wild-type will definitely respond, only that they have a reasonable opportunity to derive clinical benefit from the therapy. For example, in the panitumumab vs best supportive care trial, there were no responders in the mutated KRAS group randomized to the therapy and only a 17% partial response rate was noted in the KRAS wild-type group. [8] It is unclear to what extent the lack of response in KRAS wild-type patients is due to BRAF mutations, but current data suggest that mutated BRAF confers resistance to anti-EGFR therapy given beyond first-line treatment. A retrospective analysis of 113 patients who received cetuximab or panitumumab demonstrated that none of the KRAS wild-type patients with BRAF mutations responded to therapy, and that none of the responders had BRAF mutations. In addition, BRAF mutant patients showed prolonged progression-free and overall survival compared with BRAF wild-type patients. [5] Similarly, a retrospective pooled analysis of the two phase III cetuximab studies demonstrated that the best treatment outcomes were observed in patients with both KRAS wild-type and BRAF wild-type tumors, but there were too few patients with BRAF mutations to determine whether BRAF mutation status alone could predict response to therapy. [6] Finally, in the cetuximab plus FOLFIRI study, although mutated BRAF was associated with a poor prognosis, it did not independently predict response to treatment. [10] Thus, although results from these and other studies are compelling, there are as yet no prospective data that can definitively determine the role of BRAF status in response to EGFR inhibitor therapy. Based on these observations, it is vital that patients with metastatic CRC who are being considered for treatment with anti-EGFR antibody therapy should be tested for the presence of a KRAS mutation prior to the administration of therapy and that both cetuximab and panitumumab be initiated only in patients with KRAS wild-type. This will ensure that the therapy is not administered to patients who are unlikely to obtain benefit. [17, 18] In fact, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines recommend testing for KRAS mutations at the time of diagnosis of stage IV disease so as to better prepare an appropriate management plan in case treatment with an anti-EGFR antibody is later considered. [17] Cetuximab labeling specifies use in CRC KRAS wild-type tumors and panitumumab labeling states use is not recommended for treatment with KRAS mutations. BRAF mutation status should be determined only after KRAS wild-type is detected. [17] Testing for microsatellite instability and mismatch repair lends information for the option to use pembrolizumab for unresectable or metastatic colon cancer that has tested positive for microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) and has progressed following treatment with a fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan. [12] Previous Next: Testing for the Genetic Mutations Testing for mutations in codons 12 or 13 of the KRAS gene can be performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from the primary tumor or a metastasis using a variety of methods. BRAF V600E mutation status is determined via PCR amplification and DNA sequence analysis or allele-specific PCR on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from the primary tumor or a metastasis. Disclosure: Serve(d) as a speaker or a member of a speakers bureau for: Genentech; Astra-Zeneca ; Clovis; Tesaro<br/>Received income in an amount equal to or greater than $250 from: Astra-Zeneca; Clovis; Genentech; Tesaro; Celgene<br/>Received consulting fee from Genentech; Received consulting fee from Cellgene; Received consulting fee from Crititech; Received consulting fee from Amgen.Bulldogs plan to use home-course advantage Published 1:00 pm, Friday, September 24, 2010 Photo: Courtesy Photo By Betsy Lewis Image 1of/1 Caption Close Image 1 of 1 Photo: Courtesy Photo By Betsy Lewis Bulldogs plan to use home-course advantage 1 / 1 Back to Gallery Fall golf is more about getting better for the spring than anything else, but after starting off with a third-place finish last week in the Hereford Invitational, the Plainview Bulldogs are looking to make a bit of a statement to some of their new District 3-4A opponents. The Dogs played with Dumas in Hereford, and this week at the Plainview Triangular they are matched up with Randall and Caprock. Head coach Mike Lewis wants his team to think about what their play in this early fall tournament could communicate to their district opponents. "I told them ‘You can set the tone for next spring by playing well now so these guys think Plainview is going to be tough to beat on its home course,' " Lewis said, adding that the Bulldogs will host one of the district tournaments in the spring. The Bulldogs are a young group this year with a couple of freshman on the roster - Thomas Wirth and Matt Jolly - who Lewis said he hopes gain some confidence and experience this fall. "Individually, I want all of them to do the best they can," Lewis said. "But mostly I want them to improve on the things we talk about in practice. Definitely, want them to focus on the short game, but each one of them has strengths and weaknesses." The three veterans on the team - Jacob Rogers, Trent Kinkaid and Tim Gonzales - were able to play in summer tournaments with the freshman and were able to develop a chemistry this summer that Lewis said he thinks will benefit the team. "These older guys knew the freshmen were going to help us out. I don't think they knew they were going to make us better so quick," Lewis said. In Saturday's triangular, Lewis expects his team to post a score near 300. "I'm thinking we should be around 304 or better," Lewis said. "That's a 76 average. They all know they can reach that because they've done it before, but if they shoot that or lower, then we get close to breaking 200." While it is a long time away, Lewis hopes his team can use this opportunity on their home course to develop some confidence for district competition in the spring. "I want the guys to know they have the ability to get to regionals," Lewis said. "Of course, that's way down the road, but if we can have some success early and get some confidence in them, it will be easier in the spring." (Contact Ryan Thurman at 806-296-1355 or [email protected]. Become his fan on Facebook.)The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an important pathogen that has infected approximately 170 million people worldwide. In spite of extensive efforts, surprisingly little is known about the mechanism by which HCV initiates infection. The lack of vaccine or effective therapy against this virus stresses the urgent need for studies of HCV entry into host cells. HCV is an enveloped virus that enters cells via a clathrin-mediated pathway and releases its nucleocapsid by fusing the viral membrane with an endosomal membrane a process that is promoted by HCV E1 and E2 glycoproteins. The fusion induced by E1E2 is strictly receptor- and low pH-dependent. Not only is the mechanism of this process poorly understood, but even the identity of the fusion protein (E1 vs. E2) has not been established. This is due to the lack of a tractable model system to study HCV fusion. Our working hypothesis is that HCV fusion precedes through at least two major steps - a priming step through interactions with cellular receptors which render E1E2 fusogenic, followed by low pH-dependent fusion. This hypothesis predicts that: (1) low pH pre-treatment in the absence of receptors

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des Verfassungsschutzchefs Hans-Georg Maaßen schon fast geringfügig. Er soll die rechtsradikale AfD beraten haben, deren völkische Argumentation sich lediglich in der Wortwahl von der der rechtsextremen NPD unterscheidet, soll Informationen an die AfD weitergegeben haben und befeuerte rechte Verschwörungstheorien mit der unbelegten Behauptung, ein Video aus Chemnitz, in dem Neonazis nichtweiße Menschen jagen, sei „gezielte Falschinformation“. Doch überraschend ist Maaßens Verhalten angesichts der Geschichte des Verfassungsschutzes nicht. Entsprechend argumentiert Grundrechtekomitee-Vorstand Heiner Busch deshalb schon 2012 im AIB, dass der Verfassungsschutz mitsamt V-Leute-System geschlossen gehöre: Die Informationen von V-Leuten seien oft nicht vor Gericht verwertbar und ohnehin von fragwürdiger Qualität. Andererseits habe die Finanzierung von V-Leuten, rechtsextreme Strukturen eher gestärkt. Medien und Forscher sind besser informiert Ähnlich argumentieren die antifaschistischen Gruppen AKKU und Avanti in eigenen Beiträgen: Als Inlandsgeheimdienst habe der Verfassungsschutz systematisch versagt. Seit 1990 habe es mehr als 180 Tote durch rechtsextreme Gewalt gegeben, sowohl beim NSU sei der Verfassungsschutz gescheitert, als auch bei islamistischen Gruppen, wie der um Mohammed Atta, die vor genau 17 Jahren den Anschlag vom 11. September in den USA verübten. Avanti weist außerdem darauf hin, dass die Verfassungsschutzberichte keinen wirklichen Mehrwert liefern: Diese „geben an Informationen lediglich wieder, was engagierte JournalistInnen, WissenschaftlerInnen und AntifaschistInnen sowieso, meistens sogar besser, wissen. Eine wissenschaftliche, quellenkritische Nachprüfbarkeit der Arbeit des Dienstes ist nicht möglich“. So schließt sich auch der Kreis zur heutigen Zeit: AntifaschistInnen und JournalistInnen liefern die Belege für die Zusammenarbeit und Kontakte der AfD mit Neonazis. Während von zahlreichen AfD-Führungskadern völkische, holocaustverharmlosende und rassistische Äußerungen zu hören sind, diese offen über „Systemwechsel“ oder „Revolution“ sprechen und sogar mit bekannten Rechtsextremen gemeinsame Sache machen, heißt es aus dem Innenministerium, dass es für eine Beobachtung durch den Verfassungsschutz „keine Voraussetzung“ gebe. Stattdessen finden sich im aktuellen Verfassungsschutzbericht Einträge wie der zur „Gruppe ArbeiterInnenmacht“ in der Rubrik „Linksextremismus“. Das 40-köpfige Kollektiv aus Berlin biete bei Lesekreisen und Vortragsreihen „Diskussionen und Schulungen“ an und beteilige sich an 1.-Mai-Demonstrationen.[This week’s question was submitted by an SF Signal reader. Do you have an idea for a future Mind Meld? Let us know!] Recently Neal Stephenson wrote an article for the World Policy Journal titled “Innovation Starvation“. In the article he discussed the serious lack of innovation in science today. Later in the article, he discusses a presentation that he made at the Future Tense conference where he said that good science fiction supplied “a plausible, fully thought-out picture of an alternate reality in which some sort of compelling innovation has taken place.” One scientist that he talked to complained that SF writers are slacking off, saying that SF writers need “to start supplying big visions that make sense.” With Planetary Resources announcing their plan to mine the asteroids, it seems that reality may be encroaching on science fiction’s “big idea” territory. We asked this week’s panelists: Q: Are SF writers “slacking off” or is science fiction still the genre of “big ideas”? If so, what authors are supplying these ideas for the next generation of scientists and engineers? Here’s what they said… Alexis Glynn Latner Alexis Glynn Latner ‘s science fiction novel Hurricane Moon was published by Pyr in 2007. Twenty-three of her novelettes and short stories have been or will be published in science fiction magazines, especially Analog, and horror and mystery anthologies. She also does editing, teaches and coaches creative writing, and works in the Rice University Library. Possibly neither. The arc of big, epochal, scientific ideas may have run its course in science fiction – having flowed on into nonfiction and reality. In addition to asteroid mining, think about Google as an example. Bruce Sterling remarked at a convention that despite a unitary artificial superintelligence being a big idea in SF, there hasn’t been one invented, but there’s such an amazing, unanticipated thing as the distributed intelligence of Google searching and all. I don’t think SF writers are slacking – although many on the advice of editors and agents have been writing fantasy because it sells better. Some are creating alloys of SF and fantasy. In the century we’re in now, for a big idea to catch fire with the upcoming scientists and engineers it may have to be not just an an overweening head trip, but a profound heart trip as well. Allen Steele Allen M. Steele is the author of eighteen novels and five collections of short fiction; his work has received numerous awards, including three Hugos. His most recent novel is Hex; a young-adult SF novel, Apollo’s Outcasts, will be published by Pyr later this year. I don’t think SF is suffering from a shortage of big ideas, or authors who are willing to play with them. If the genre seems to currently lack vision, I believe it’s because of constraints imposed by editors and publishers. Over the last decade, the publishing industry — particularly in the U.S. — has become increasingly obsessed with bestsellers. For the major publishers, it’s no longer enough for an author to write novels that sell enough copies to produce a modest yet meaningful profit over a period of time. What the publishers want instead are big, breakout books that will sell thousands, if not tens or hundreds of thousands, of copies in the first few weeks of publication.. These kinds of novels make money fast and therefore please shareholders, so the pressure comes down on editors to produce bestsellers, and they in turn press writers to deliver novels which will have a chance at landing on the bestseller lists. The easiest and most reliable way to produce a bestseller is to imitate that which is already successful. So if paranormal romance is selling well, then the impetus is to produce lots and lots of paranormal romances. If military space opera is the all the rage, then publish tons of that stuff. If the trend in dystopian young-adult SF has put novels like The Hunger Games series on the bestseller lists, then you can expect to see many more novels very much like The Hunger Games. Last year it was vampires, this year it’s steampunk, and next year it’ll be something else. Run it into the ground, and then move on. The problem with chasing the bestseller lists is that it pushes aside anything that isn’t in line with current fashion. So that which is original, or at least isn’t repetitive, tends to get shunted into a neglected, unpromoted midlist that’s getting smaller all the time … and science fiction is a genre which has always depended on originality. So the author who writes a novel that doesn’t fit in a bestselling category runs the risk of not having it published, or ignored even if it is. That means authors are being discouraged from doing anything new, but instead produce the same damn thing over and over again. Fortunately, not all is lost. There are small, independent publishers who aren’t afflicted with Bestseller Fever, and they’re the ones putting out novels that aren’t about gun-toting vampires in love with werewolf detectives who ride zeppelins. The magazines, both print and online, continue to be the place where writers are free to work with new ideas. And the digital publishing revolution is allowing both new and established writers the means by which to publish ebooks that don’t belong to fad du jour. Just the other day I received from one of my colleagues a hard-SF novel that his publisher

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ikipedia page for the maths. Birthday_problem My approach: Generate random numbers in range [0 - 364] add them to a set until a duplicate is generated (set.add returns false) add the count (or set size) to a list repeat this X-times calculate the average of the list Code: public static void main(String[] args) { List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>(); for(int i = 0; i<10000; i++){ int count = 0; Set<Integer> set = new HashSet<>(); while(set.add(ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(0, 365))){ count++; } list.add(count); } double avg = list.stream().mapToInt(Integer::intValue).average().getAsDouble(); System.out.println(avg); } My output is always under 24. E.g 23.6285 I've tried to run the for-loop 1000, 10000, 1000000 times I've tried ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(0, 365), nextInt(0, 364), nextInt(0, 366) I've tried list.add(count); and list.add(set.size()); But I'am getting always an average < 24. Mostly something like 23.629237. Do you see any mistakes and why I'am not getting the correct value, which is approx. ≈24.61659? A: Note that your answer is almost exactly 1 less than the expected. That's a clue: it tells you that you're probably under-counting by 1, which is a very common bug. Consider your condition: while(set.add(<newPersonsBirthday>)){ count++; } That won't count the last person! They won't be added to the count, and so you're not including them in the set of people in the room. You've counted everybody in the set except the person who triggered the match -- but they're part of the set. Just add count + 1 to your list, to account for that person. Q: Elasticsearch filter results excluding by id I need to return results that do not include docs with certain ids. Elasticsearch allows us to specify which ids are allowed but I see no way to disallow certain ids. In my case I want to not return things the user has already seen so the list will be different for each user. A: You can achieve this by adding a bool/must_not filter containing an ids filter with an array of ids you don't want to appear, like this: { "query": { "bool": { "must": [ ... <--- your other filters go here ], "must_not": [ { "ids": { "values": [ "id1", "id2" <--- add all the ids you DON'T want in here ] } } ] } } } Chikungunya infection is caused due to the chikungunya virus which is transmitted to humans by the bite of infected mosquitoes. The virus is spread by the female species of two different kinds of mosquitoes namely, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. The origin of Chikungunya dates back to the 1950s in Tanzania. In Makonde, the word loosely translated to “walking bent over”. This is because the virus causes severe joint and muscle pain making the patient walk bent over due to back pain. Chikungunya was once considered to be a disease of the tropics. However, now cases have been documented in well over one-quarter of the countries around the globe. Chikungunya is a major health issue in India affecting billions. After 2010, India saw a decline in the instances until 2016, when a massive outbreak nudged the country severely. Signs and Symptoms It takes around 3 to 7 days after a person is bitten by chikungunya mosquitoes for signs and symptoms to show up. The most common symptoms are fever which can be as high as 104 °F and severe joint pain. Chikungunya may not be a deadly infection but the symptoms can be disabling and severe. Other symptoms include muscle pain, headache, tiredness, rash or joint swelling. Less common symptoms include vomiting, nausea, conjunctivitis, and maculopapular rash. These symptoms are short-lived. Most people start to recover within a week’s time. A majority of infections can cause arthritis and arthralgia months or years after the initial infection. Who are More at Risk? Newborn babies who get infected with the virus are at risk of suffering from a more severe form of this ailment. Elderly people due to weak immunity and those with medical conditions such as heart disease, diabetes or high blood pressure are also more susceptible to chikungunya. The silver lining to this ailment is that once a person has suffered from chikungunya, the risk of getting it again is extremely low as the person becomes immune to it. Diagnosis Chikungunya symptoms are similar to Zika and dengue. These diseases are also transmitted by the bite of the same mosquitoes that spread chikungunya. Thus, sometimes chikungunya is misdiagnosed especially in those areas where all these diseases are common. It is extremely important to rule out dengue fever at the earliest due to its higher mortality rate than chikungunya. Visit a doctor as soon as you suspect having chikungunya symptoms or if you have visited a place recently where chikungunya is prevalent. Since the definitive diagnosis can be done only by running blood tests due to the similar nature of the symptoms with other conditions, the doctor may advise getting some tests done. Complications There are certain complications that may arise when a person suffers from chikungunya. These include: Uveitis Retinitis Meningoencephalitis Myocarditis Hepatitis Guillain-Barré syndrome syndrome Cranial nerve palsies Nephritis Hemorrhage Myelitis Is There Any Vaccine Available? Unfortunately, there is no vaccine to prevent or treat chikungunya. India and the United States of America are continuing with their research to develop it. Treatment There is no specific treatment for this ailment. Generally, people get better by themselves within 7 days and recover completely thereafter. However, joint pain may take much longer to get better. Doctors offer treatment for symptomatic relief with fever and pain medicines. The patient must drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration and take plenty of rest to get better sooner. If you or a dear one exhibit symptoms of chikungunya, get checked today. Nightingales offer home-based medical services ranging from doctor consultation to laboratory services. To know more about how we can help or to book a test, consult a Doctor at home, visit us at https://www.nightingales.in/ Reference – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5682881/ Image Credits – People photo created by freepik – www.freepik.comjQuery(window).load(function() { pf_switch_status_look(); console.log('Loaded: PressForward Alterations'); jQuery('body.post-type-pf_feed').on('click', '.edit-post-status', function(){ console.log('click edit status'); pf_switch_status_look(); }); jQuery('body.post-type-pf_feed').on('click', '.save-post-status', function(){ console.log('save edit status'); pf_switch_status_look(); }); jQuery('body.post-type-pf_feed').on('click', ".refresh-feed", (function(evt){ evt.preventDefault(); var element = jQuery(this); console.log('Refreshing feed.'); console.log( element ); var feed_id = element.attr('data-pf-feed'); jQuery.post(ajaxurl, { action: 'ajax_update_feed_handler', feed_id: feed_id }, function(response) { //jQuery('.loading-'+itemID).hide(); //jQuery(".result-status-"+itemID+" .msg-box").html(response); //alert(response); //jQuery("#test-div1").append(data); }); }) ); }); function pf_switch_status_look(){ jQuery('body.post-type-pf_feed #submitdiv h3.hndle span').text('Activate'); jQuery('body.post-type-pf_feed').find('#post_status option[value="draft"]').text('Inactive'); jQuery('body.post-

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_0).$$ While from Eq. (\[eq:delta\_theta\]), the angular fluctuations are given by $$\delta\Theta^2 = 4\, (\ell_{[\alpha} A_{\beta ][ \mu}\ell_{\nu]})(\ell_{[\gamma}A_{\delta ][ \rho}\ell_{\sigma]})s^{\alpha}k^{\beta}t^{\mu}k^{\nu}s^{\gamma}k^{\delta} t^{\rho}k^{\sigma}F(\omega_g,s,t_0).$$ Interestingly, since $F(\omega_g,s,t_0)$ is independent of the displacement parameter, $\alpha$, so are $\delta\xi^2$ and $\delta\Theta^2$. Therefore, the fluctuations depend only on the squeezing parameter, $\zeta$, and we can immediately say that a coherent state (classical wave) for which $\zeta=0$ induces no fluctuations. For the following calculations, we assume the passing gravity waves are in the Transverse Tracefree (TT) Gauge. However, note that since our results derive from the Riemann tensor, the equations are gauge invariant, and we use the TT gauge only for calculational convenience. To begin, note that if the gravity waves and photons travel in parallel, then one finds $(\ell_{[\alpha} A_{\beta ][ \mu}\ell_{\nu]}) t^{\alpha}k^{\beta}t^{\mu}k^{\nu} = 0$. This indicates that there is no induced redshift fluctuation nor angular blurring due to a squeezed state gravity wave traveling with the photons. This is as one might expect, since a gravity wave in the TT gauge has only non-zero transverse components. We may subsequently restrict our attention to transversely propagating gravity waves and will assume the gravity waves to propagate with $\ell^{\mu}=\omega_g(1,0,0,1)$ while the photons continue to have wave vector $k^{\mu}=(1,1,0,0)$. We define $$\mathfrak{F}(\omega_g,s,t_0)= [1-\cos(\omega_g s)][1-\cos(\omega_g t_0)] [\cosh(2r)-\sinh(2r)\cos(\theta-\omega_g(t_{0}+s))-1]\, ,$$ so that for a gravitational wave propagating in the z direction, for which $\ell_x=0$, $$F(\omega_g,s,t_0) = \frac{16}{{\omega_g}^4}\mathfrak{F}(\omega_g,s,t_0) \,.$$ ### Redshift Fluctuations {#rfcase} With transversely propagating gravity waves, $$(\ell_{[\alpha} A_{\beta ][ \mu} \ell_{\nu]})t^{\alpha}k^{\beta}t^{\mu}k^{\nu} = -\frac{1}{4}\omega_g^2 A_{+}\, ,$$ and therefore $$\label{rfcase2eq} \delta\xi^2 = 4\, A_{+}^2 \mathfrak{F}(\omega_g,s,t_0).$$ There exists a non-zero effect which in this case depends only on the $(+)$ polarization. For a gravity wave propagating in the $z$-direction, $A_+ = A_{xx} =-A_{yy}$. ### Angular Blurring {#abcase} #### Case 1 Let the photons propagate in the x direction while the gravity waves propagate in the z direction and probe the y component of angular blurring, $s^{\mu}=(0,0,1,0)$. We find $$(\ell_{[\alpha} A_{\beta ][ \mu}\ell_{\nu]})s^{\alpha}k^{\beta}t^{\mu}k^{\nu} = \frac{1}{4}\omega_g^2 A_{\times}$$ and $$\label{abcase2eq} \delta\Theta_y^2 = 4\, A_{\times}^2\mathfrak{F}(\omega_g,s,t_0).$$ Note that here the y component of blurring depends only on the $(\times)$ polarization of the gravity waves. Here $A_{\times} = A_{xy}=A_{yx}$. #### Case 2 To probe the z component of blurring, set $s^{\mu}=(0,0,0,1)$. The result is $$\label{abcase3eq} \delta\Theta_z^2 = 4\, A_{+}^2\mathfrak{F}(\omega_g,s,t_0)\, ,$$ which is the same as Eq. (\[rfcase2eq\]) for redshift fluctuations, and only depends on the $(+)$ polarization of the gravity waves. Classical Time Dependent Variation ---------------------------------- As noted above, the fluctuations in redshift and angle depend upon the degree of squeezing, measured by the parameter $\zeta$. In this subsection, we will examine the expectation value of the change in fractional redshift, $\langle\Delta\xi\rangle$ and in angle, $\langle\Delta\Theta\rangle$. These quantities will depend only upon the displacement parameter $\alpha$, and hence would be the same in the coherent state $|\alpha,0 \rangle$ as they are in the squeezed state $|\alpha,\zeta \rangle$. For this reason, we regard these quantities as giving the classical time-dependence. Alternative approaches to the classical time-dependence of these quantities may be found in Refs. [@Weber; @Zipoy; @Kaufmann] Here it is possible to calculate $\langle\Delta\xi\rangle$ as a single integration of the Riemann tensor over the spacetime region $da$ via Eq. (\[RateOfChange\]). However, for comparison purposes, we calculate $\langle\Delta\xi\rangle^2$ directly. In this case, $$\langle\Delta\xi\rangle^2 = \int da \int da' \,\langle\hat{R}_{\alpha\beta\mu\nu}(x)\rangle \langle\hat{R}_{\gamma\delta\rho\sigma}(x')\rangle t^{\alpha}k^{\beta}t^{\mu}k^{\nu}t^{\gamma}k^{\delta}t^{\rho}k^{\sigma}\, ,$$ where now $$\langle\hat{R}_{\alpha\beta\mu\nu}(x)\rangle \langle\hat{R}_{\gamma\delta\rho\sigma}(x')\rangle = 4 \sum_{l} (\ell_{[\alpha} A_{\beta][\mu}\ell_{\nu]})(\ell_{[\gamma} A_{\delta][\rho}\ell_{\sigma]}) f'(x,x')$$ with $$f'(x,x') = \alpha^2 e^{i\ell_{\tau} (x^{\tau}+x^{\prime\tau})} + (\alpha^{\ast})^2 e^{-i\ell_{\tau} (x^{\tau}+x^{\prime\tau})} + 2\vert\alpha\vert^2\cos[\ell_{\tau} (x^{\tau}-x^{\prime\tau})].$$ Integration of $f'(x,x')$ over the spacetime region of Fig. \[spacetime\] yields $$\begin{aligned} & & F'(\omega_g,s,t_0) = \int da \int da' \, f'(x,x') = \nonumber \\ & & \frac{16\{1-\cos[s(\ell_x-\omega_g )]\} [1-\cos(\omega_g t_0)]} {\omega_g^2(\ell_x-\omega_g)^2} \left(\alpha e^{\frac{i}{2}[\ell_x s-\omega_g(s+t_0)]} + \alpha^{\ast} e^{-\frac{i}{2}[\ell_x s-\omega_g(s+t_0)]}\right)^2.\end{aligned}$$ Thus the classical time variation of the redshift is characterized by: $$\label{classical} \langle\Delta\xi\rangle^2 = 4\, F'(\omega_g,s,t_0) (\ell_{[\alpha} A_{\beta][\mu}\ell_{\nu]})(\ell_{[\gamma} A_{\delta][\rho}\ell_{\sigma]}) t^{\alpha}k^{\beta}t^{\mu}k^{\nu}t^{\gamma}k^{\delta}t^{\rho}k^{\sigma}.$$ For the case of redshift variations with photons and a gravity wave propagating perpendicularly (Sect. \[rfcase\]), $$\label{rfclassical} \langle\Delta\xi\rangle^2 = 4 \,A_{+}^2 \mathfrak{F'}(\omega_g,s,t_0).$$ Here $\mathfrak{F'}(\omega_g,s,t_0)$ is defined in a similar way as $\mathfrak{F}(\omega_g,s,t_0)$ when $\ell_x=0$, $$\mathfrak{F'}(\omega_g,s,t_0) = [1-\cos(\omega_g s)][1-\cos(\omega_g t_0)] \left(\alpha e^{-\frac{i\omega_g}{2}(s+t_0)} + \alpha^{\ast} e^{\frac{i\omega_g}{2}(s+t_0))}\right)^2.$$ The classical time variation of angular position yields similar results. Particularly, for perpendicularly propagating photons and

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d been at least six months since my last haircut. For me, this means a Gene Wilder-esque mess of tangled madness floating around my head, barely attached, with the number of gray and white hairs increasing each second, constantly closer to overtaking the brown ones I’m really going to miss. It was time for a cut. My new-ish apartment is in-between two barber shops in the same chain, about two miles away from each. Normally I’d drive, but my roommate insisted it was a fine walk. While I’d been conditioning myself to spend days at a time indoors, hunched over a computer, internetting my life away, movement is something my body probably needs way more of than I’m willing to give it on a regular basis. Taking this into account, I slathered sun block on all exposed parts of my body and headed out into the world, going the healthy route, despite my fear of sunlight and sweating. A walk through my neighborhood is a celebration of smells and sounds one normally would not celebrate. So far, my experience is that it’s not a particularly bad neighborhood, but the frequent sirens singing and low flying helicopters dancing, paint a different story. It’s got, uh, character. That character was even more apparent on the hot summer day walk to get the crazy madness atop my head shorn. Aside from fear of sweating in all the places I really dislike sweating (meaning all the places), it was fine. I’d decided I’d made the correct decision to walk instead of drive when I was upon a street lamp at the corner. And I felt the air rush past my face, something hitting my messy nest of hair right before sounds of thunder plops exploding about me. I cursed everything that is curseable and debated running my hands through my mop top. But I didn’t… because I was fairly certain there was bird shit in it. I tried to enjoy the great outdoors, and that quest for joy had been shat upon by nature. My leisurely stroll became a speed walk. The only fortunate thing was that my destination was a barbershop/salon kinda place. They charged extra for shampooing… I wondered if there was a bird poo charge on top of that. Now the sweat was really pouring off of me… my unkempt hair all a-crazy, likely now housing the white poop of our fine-feathered fiends from above. Clean, flip-flop and fanny pack wearing tourist gave me the same look I gave that very serene-looking guy I saw walking and peeing down the sidewalk near my neighborhood one time. I was one of those characters who give my neighborhood character. When I reached the barbershop, there was a wait. Covered in sweat and my version of self-actualization, I went to the men’s room to inspect my hair. While it was a mess, I found no bird poop. Perhaps… I’d just felt the air of it whizzing by? Well, that was a relief. I was called to a chair, and the hair cutter was a very relaxed, nice lady who loved dancing, talking about how she loved dancing, and who also seemed to have no problem with bird shit. She said it was lucky, but also confirmed there was none on my hair. As I was sitting, the apron over me, I rested my hand on my leg… and found where the bird shit had hit me. For the first time in my lifetime of getting my hair cut, I asked for a moment to go to the bathroom to wash bird poop off my jeans. She, again, was fine with it, saying she thought it was cool stitching on my jeans when she saw me sitting down. Nope. Poop. From a bird. Bird poop. When I returned, large wet spot on my pants leg where the dropping had been, hands washed and re-washed at least three times, she kept on chit chatting like it was no big deal. It even turned out she was from the same county of Ohio as I was, which is a wacky coincidence to cap off my wacky non-adventure. As I left, she reassured me that being pooped upon by a bird is good luck. For me personally, the jury is still out on that one.Q: WebPack and Express server not working together I'm having a hard time finding resources that explain how to connect webpack to a express server app. I'm wanting to use webpack for babel to use es6 when writing react and use its hot-module and cheap-module-source-map. But, webpack runs it's own express server and that currently conflicts with my express app. I want my express app to dictate the port and routes but still get the benefits of using webpack. Any ideas? The express app looks something like this: var express = require('express'), Sequelize = require('sequelize'), /* set up sequelize ... app.route ... */ app.listen(port), function () { console.log('Express server listening on port ' + port }); A: You don't need the webpack-dev-server to use Webpack for Babel to use ES2015 when writing React and use its hot-module and cheap-module-source-map. Webpack configuration for React app in development env: module.exports = { entry: { app: [ 'react-hot-loader/patch', 'webpack-hot-middleware/client?path=/__webpack_hmr&timeout=20000', 'app/index.js, ], }, plugins: [ new webpack.HotModuleReplacementPlugin(), ], }) .babelrc looks like this: { "presets": ["react", "es2015", "stage-0"], "env": { "development": { "plugins": ["react-hot-loader/babel"] } } } app/index.js: import { AppContainer} from 'react-hot-loader' ... <AppContainer> <App /> </AppContainer> ... if (module.hot) { module.hot.accept('./routes', () => { // Hot reloading }) } server/index.js: import webpack from 'webpack' import webpackDevMiddleware from 'webpack-dev-middleware' import webpackHotMiddleware from 'webpack-hot-middleware' import webpackConfig from './webpack.dev.config' const compiler = webpack(webpackConfig) app.use(webpackDevMiddleware(compiler, { noInfo: true, publicPath: webpackConfig.output.publicPath, })) app.use(webpackHotMiddleware(compiler, { path: '/__webpack_hmr', heartbeat: 10000, })) I am not sure if it's allowed to refer to my own repo here, but please check my Github repo here to see how I have integrated React, Express, Webpack, HMR and Babel. Bivariate cytokeratin/DNA flow cytometric analysis of paraffin-embedded samples from colorectal carcinomas. Admixture of normal and neoplastic cells is a serious problem in the evaluation of tumor cell kinetic parameters by flow cytometry, in particular for DNA diploid tumors. The admixture of non-neoplastic cells, such as stromal cells and inflammatory cells, can disturb the estimation of the proliferative tumor fraction. This problem has been addressed in fresh tumor samples by applying bivariate flow cytometric analyses for DNA and cytokeratin. We have adapted this approach for formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue samples of colorectal carcinomas. After preparation of a single cell suspension from paraffin blocks by means of an enzymatic digestion step, the cells of epithelial origin were selectively stained with a panel of subtype specific cytokeratin antibodies. DNA analysis could thus be performed on the cytokeratin-positive cells. The proliferative fractions of the paraffin-embedded samples could be compared with those of the fresh tissue samples and a very good correlation was seen between DNA indices from fresh and paraffin-embedded material. As expected, after gating on the cytokeratin-positive cells an enrichment of the S-phase fraction was seen compared with the ungated cell population. However, this enrichment was more pronounced in the cell suspensions derived from the paraffin-embedded part of the tumor compared with the fresh disaggregated, ethanol-fixed part of the tumor.Senior Prefect Team 2017-2018 11 May 2017 We are pleased to announce our new Senior Prefect team. Pictured below are Chris Rouse, Head Boy, Sam Sharkey, Head Girl, Barney Crawford, Deputy Head Boy and Olivia Brown, Deputy Head Girl. We wish them all the best for what will be undoubtedly a very busy year!GNU General Public License ========================== *Version 3, 29 June 2007* *Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc* <http://fsf.org> Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. Preamble -------- The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for software and other kinds of works. The licenses for most software and

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com is designed for educational purposes only and is not engaged in rendering medical advice or professional services. The information provided through TheBodyPRO.com should not be used for diagnosing or treating a health problem or a disease. It is not a substitute for professional care. If you have or suspect you may have a health problem, consult your health care provider.1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a suspension arrangement for a hydraulic elevator. 2. Description of the Background Art At present, conventional hydraulic elevators are implemented as rucksack-type elevators in which the elevator car is mounted on a supporting frame resembling a rucksack. As to their suspension, these elevators are either of a direct-acting or an indirect-acting type. Direct-acting elevators of normal construction without an expensive telescopic cylinder are only applicable in low-rise buildings where the elevator only serves one or two floors. Therefore, most hydraulic elevators employ an indirect-acting type of suspension. Such elevators usually have a hoisting height of 3.5-15 m, corresponding to 2-6 floors. The maximum hoisting height is about 20 m. In an indirect-acting elevator, a hoisting rope attached to a fixed column is passed over a diverting pulley mounted on top of the piston and further to the car frame supporting the elevator car. Due to this roping, the car travel equals twice the stroke of the piston, which is why this type of suspension is termed 2:1 suspension. However, this widely used suspension system has certain serious drawbacks. First, since the length of the cylinder (and the piston inside it) equals at least half the entire hoisting height, difficulties are encountered in transporting such a long cylinder into the elevator shaft. The cylinder is usually brought into the shaft via its door opening, in which case the cylinder may be at most about as long as the guide rail bar, i.e. about 5 m. This limits the hoisting height to 10 m, corresponding to four floors. When larger hoisting heights are to be achieved, the cylinder has to be hoisted into the shaft via the top of the shaft. However, this is only possible at an early stage of the construction work, and it is necessary to schedule the transport and hoisting of the cylinder into the shaft accordingly. This causes extra work and expenses. Moreover, the cylinder has to be protected in the shaft during construction, and it is always more or less of a hindrance to other work. Another solution applied in the case of large hoisting heights is to use an extendable cylinder. In this case, the cylinder is composed of two sections which are only joined together in the shaft. However, because of the threaded joint, the cylinder has to be manufactured from a thicker tube than a jointless one. Because of the joint, the manufacture of the cylinder and especially its final grinding is an elevator- and cylinder-specific and expensive job. The testing of the cylinder also requires special arrangements, and joining the cylinder sections and installing the cylinder in a narrow and dirty space is difficult and expensive. A jointed cylinder costs at least one and a half times as much as a jointless one. Another limitation in the case of 2:1 suspension, in addition to the problem of moving the cylinder into the shaft, is the risk of buckling of the piston tube at larger hoisting heights. This limits the hoisting height and makes it necessary to increase the thickness of the wall of the piston tube. However, this increases the weight of the piston, thus reducing the usable hoisting capacity of the cylinder. Moreover, due to the material costs, this is an expensive solution. Another way to solve the buckling problem is to use reinforcements to prevent buckling, but this also involves additional costs.Small intestinal development in growth-retarded fetal sheep. The functional maturity of the gastrointestinal system is essential for the survival of the neonate. The effects of reducing placental size and the ensuing fetal growth retardation on the development of the small intestine (SI) of the sheep fetus were investigated. At 140 days of gestation (term is 147 days), fetal body weight, gastrointestinal weight (from the abomasum to the rectum, i.e., the gut), SI weight, and SI length in the growth-retarded fetuses (n = 6) were significantly reduced (p less than 0.05) when compared with age- and breed-matched control fetuses. The SI weight was disproportionately reduced as a fraction of the gut weight or SI length (p less than 0.01). The proximal SI showed marked reductions in the thickness of the wall, muscularis externa, mucosa, villus height, and crypt depth (p less than 0.003). Densities of villi and crypts were also reduced (p less than 0.02). The crypt-to-villus ratio was maintained. Glycogen was accumulated basally in the villus epithelial cells, and their nuclei were located apically. These characteristics are comparable to those of much younger fetuses. In the distal SI, interanimal variation was large; however, the mean thickness of the wall, the muscularis externa, the mucosa, and the villus height were all reduced (p less than 0.05). In this region, the density of villi and crypts, the pattern of glycogen accumulation, and the position of the nuclei did not markedly differ between growth-retarded and control fetuses. Villus cell density was increased (p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # _MatchMac # # Takes any number of MAC addresses and attempts to find a matching comment # in the "ethernetMACs.txt" file. #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- sub _MatchMac(IN string $macs, OUT string %macTypes) { string $macFile = "ethernetMACs.txt"; @echo off; @record on; ifnot (`getdirectory -scripts`) { echo "* MatchMac: Unable to get scripts directory"; return false; } @record off; string $dir = GetCmdData("dir"); ifnot (defined($dir[0])) { echo "* MatchMac: Unable to retrieve scripts directory"; return false; } string $lines; ifnot (ReadFile("$dir\\..\\$macFile", $lines)) { echo "* MatchMac: Error reading MAC listing file"; return false; } int $numLines = sizeof($lines); if ($numLines == 0) { echo "* MatchMac: No matching lines in MAC listing file"; return false; } string $line; foreach $line ($lines) { string $addrs = Split(":", $line); if (sizeof($addrs) > 2) { # good line string $mac; foreach $mac ($macs) { string $macParts = Split(" ", $mac); if ((sizeof($macParts) == 6) && ($macParts[0] == $addrs[0]) && ($macParts[1] == $addrs[1])) { string $last = Split(" ", $addrs[2]); if ((sizeof($last) > 1) && ($last[0] == $macParts[2])) { # we have a match %macTypes{'$mac'} = $last[1]; } } } } } return true; } /* end _MatchMac */Availability: Normally ships in 10 days Part Number:CI-FT-218 Quantity Description The St. Aubin Wall Garden Fountain is the perfect choice for your home, garden, patio, or other social gathering area. Water flows out the decorative center of the flower detail on the top of the back piece of the Wall Fountain. The St. Aubin Wall Fountain will make the perfect center piece. Color shown is Alpine Stone. The patinas are designed to replicate the look of natural aging, but unlike a painted finish, the patinas do not prevent the natural aging process. Any cast stone item with a patina finish will weather naturally in an outdoor environment. Because each patina is hand applied in a multi-step process and the product is photographed in natural settings, actual colors may vary. The acid stains create a bold, new look. These rich multi-dimensional colors bring a new depth and dimension to the cast stone product. The mixture of water, metallic salts, and muriatic acid create permanent stains in the surface of the concrete which will not flake or peel. Like stains for wood, each piece will accept the stain in varying degrees of intensity, creating natural color variations that brings character and distinction to each peace. NOTE: This product includes special ordering instructions. Please read the 'Special Ordering Instructions' section above before placing an order.#!/usr/bin/python # coding=utf-8 # # Copyright 2003 Sandia Corporation. # Under the terms of Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000, there is a non-exclusive # license for use of this work by or on behalf of the # U.S. Government. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with # or without modification, are permitted provided that this Notice and any # statement of authorship are reproduced on all copies. # from __future__ import

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-75 photos/issue; most supplied by freelancers; 10% assignment; 75% requested from freelancers, existing photo files, or submitted unsolicited. Needs "people enjoying boating activity (families, parents, senior citizens) and scenic shots (travel, regional); shots that include parts or all of a boat are preferred." Photos should have West Coast angle. Model release required. Photo captions required. SPECS Accepts images in digital format. Send via CD, FTP, e-mail as TIFF, EPS, JPEG files at least 300 dpi. Contact via online form to query. MAKING CONTACT & TERMS Send query letter with samples; include SASE for return of material. Responds in 1 month. Pay rate varies according to size published. Pays on publication. Credit line given. Buys one-time North American rights and retains reprint rights via print and electronic media. TIPS "We are looking for sharp images with good composition showing pleasure boats in action, and people having fun aboard boats in a West Coast location. Digital shots are preferred; they must be at least 5" wide and a minimum of 300 dpi. We also use studio shots of marine products and do personality profiles. Send samples of work with a query letter and a résumé or clips of previously published photos. _Sea_ does not pay for shipping; will hold photos up to 6 weeks." ##### SEVENTEEN MAGAZINE 300 W. 57th St., 17th Floor, New York NY 10019. (917)934-6500. **Fax:** (917)934-6574. **E-mail:** [email protected]. **Website:** www.seventeen.com. **Contact:** Consult masthead to contact appropriate editor. Estab. 1944. Circ. 2,000,000. _Seventeen_ is a young women's fashion and beauty magazine. Tailored to young women in their teens and early 20s, _Seventeen_ covers fashion, beauty, health, fitness, food, cars, college, careers, talent, entertainment, plus crucial personal and global issues. Photos purchased on assignment only. Query before submitting. ##### SHINE BRIGHTLY GEMS Girls' Clubs, 1333 Alger St. SE, Grand Rapids MI 49507. (616)241-5616. **Fax:** (616)241-5558. **E-mail:** [email protected]. **Website:** www.gemsgc.org. **Contact:** Kristine Palosaari, executive director; Kelli Gilmore, managing editor. Estab. 1970. Circ. 17,000. Monthly publication of GEMS Girls' Club. Emphasizes girls ages 9-14 in action. The magazine is a Christian girls' publication that inspires, motivates, and equips girls to become world changers. Sample copy and photo guidelines available for $1 with 9×12 SASE. NEEDS Uses about 5-6 photos/issue. Photos suitable for illustrating stories and articles: photos of babies/children/teens, multicultural, religious, girls aged 9-14 from multicultural backgrounds, close-up shots with eye contact." Model/property release preferred. SPECS Uses 5×7 glossy color prints. Accepts images in digital format. Send via ZIP, CD as TIFF, BMP files at 300 dpi. MAKING CONTACT & TERMS Send 5×7 glossy color prints by mail (include SASE), electronic images by CD only (no e-mail) for consideration. Will view photographer's website if available. Responds in 2 months. Simultaneous submissions OK. Pays $50-75 for cover; $35 for color inside. Pays on publication. Credit line given. Buys one-time rights. TIPS "Make the photos simple. We prefer to get a spec sheet or CDs rather than photos, and we'd really like to hold photos for our annual theme update and try to get photos to fit the theme of each issue." Recommends that photographers "be concerned about current trends in fashions, hair styles, and realize that all girls don't belong to 'families.' Please, no slides, no negatives and no e-mail submissions." ##### SHOOTING SPORTS USA 11250 Waples Mill Rd., Fairfax VA 22030. (703)267-1310. **E-mail:** [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]. **Website:** www.nrapublications.org. **Contact:** Chip Lohman, editor. Monthly publication of the National Rifle Association of America. Emphasizes competitive shooting sports (rifle, pistol and shotgun). Readers range from beginner to high master. Past issues available online. Editorial guidelines free via e-mail. NEEDS 15-25 photosfrom freelancers/issue; 180-300 photos/year. Needs photos of how-to, shooting positions, specific shooters. Quality photos preferred with accompanying manuscript. Model release required. Photo captions preferred. SPECS Accepts images in digital format. Send via CD or e-mail as TIFF files at 300 dpi. MAKING CONTACT & TERMS Send query letter with photo and editorial ideas by e-mail. Include SASE. Responds in 1 week. Previously published work OK when cleared with editor. Pays $150-400 for color cover; $50-150 for color inside; $250-500 for photo/text package; amount varies for photos alone. Pays on publication. Credit line given. Buys first North American serial rights. TIPS Looks for "generic photos of shooters shooting, obeying all safety rules and using proper eye protection and hearing protection. If text concerns certain how-to advice, photos are needed to illuminate this. Always query first. We are in search of quality photos to interest both beginning and experienced shooters." ##### SHOTGUN SPORTS MAGAZINE P.O. Box 6810, Auburn CA 95604. (530)889-2220. **Fax:** (530)889-9106. **E-mail:** [email protected]. **Website:** www.shotgunsportsmagazine.com. **Contact:** Johnny Cantu, editor in chief. SPECS On disc or e-mailed at least 5 inches and 300 dpi (contact graphics artist for details). ##### SHOTS P.O. Box 27755, Minneapolis MN 55427-0755. **E-mail:** [email protected]. **Website:** www.shotsmag.com. **Contact:** Russell Joslin, editor/publisher. Circ. 2,000. Quarterly fine art photography magazine. "We publish b&w fine art photography by photographers with an innate passion for personal, creative work." Sample copy available for $6.50. Photo guidelines free with SASE or on website. NEEDS Fine art photography of all types accepted for consideration (but not bought). Reviews photos with or without a manuscript. Model/property release preferred. Photo captions preferred. SPECS Uses 8×10 b&w prints. Accepts images in digital format. Send via CD as TIFF files at 300 dpi. "See website for further specifications." MAKING CONTACT & TERMS Send query letter with prints. There is a $16 submission fee for nonsubscribers (free for subscribers). Include SASE for return of material. Responds in 3 months. Credit line given. Does not buy photographs/rights. ##### SHOWBOATS INTERNATIONAL Boat International Media, 41-47 Hartfield Rd., London SW19 3RQ, United Kingdom. (954)522-2628 (US number). **Fax:** (954)522-2240. **E-mail:** [email protected]. **Website:** www.boatinternational.com. **Contact:** Marilyn Mower, editorial director. Estab. 1995. Circ. 50,000. "Luxury yachting publication aimed at the world's discerning yachting audience. We provide the most exclusive coverage of super yachts over 100 feet worldwide." ##### SIERRA **Website:** www.sierraclub.org. Estab. 1893. Bimonthly. Emphasizes conservation and environmental politics for people who are well educated, activist, outdoor-oriented, and politically well informed with a dedication to conservation. ##### SKI CANADA 117 Indian Rd., Toronto Ontario M6R 2V5, Canada. (416)538-2293. **E-mail:** [email protected]; [email protected]. **Website:** www.skicanadamag.com. **Contact:** Iain MacMillan, editor. Circ. 46,438. Published monthly, September-January. Readership is 65% male, ages 25-44, with high income. Sample copy free with SASE. NEEDS Buys 80 photos from freelancers/issue; 480 photos/year. Needs photos of skiing—travel (within Canada and abroad), new school, competition, equipment, instruction, news and trends. SPECS Accepts images in digital format. Send via e-mail to norm

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She does recall asking in her freshman year why the football team was allowed to arrive on campus before classes, “but then the field hockey team was allowed to arrive early by my sophomore year.” And while fundraising was a background theme at the June event, attendees did buzz about the ongoing Garcelon Field project to install a FieldTurf surface plus new grandstands, lights, and press box. The $2.6 million project, as a matter of fact, is entirely donor-funded. Bestest Behavior Newly created this year, Bates Best awards recognize significant work by alumni and parents that engages Bates people with the College and that displays passion and commitment for advancing the Bates mission. The Bates Best awards presented at the Volunteer Recognition Dinner in May honored volunteer work during 2009–10, while at the Athletics Celebration, Bates Best awards recognized lasting contributions to the Bates athletics program.package commands type CreatePrivateDomainsCommand struct { BaseCFConfigCommand BasePeekCommand } //Execute - creates private domains func (c *CreatePrivateDomainsCommand) Execute([]string) error { var cfMgmt *CFMgmt var err error if cfMgmt, err = InitializePeekManagers(c.BaseCFConfigCommand, c.Peek); err == nil { err = cfMgmt.PrivateDomainManager.CreatePrivateDomains() } return err } China, euro zone sovereign debt and the potential fallout from Brexit top the escalating list of concerns for the Bank of England (BOE), according to a report published on Wednesday which warns that risks to global stability have spiked in the past six months. The U.K.'s central bank's semi-annual Financial Stability Report states, "Vulnerabilities stemming from the global environment and financial markets, which were already elevated, have increased further since July." Red flag over China Chris Ratcliffe | Bloomberg | Getty Images China's burgeoning debt levels and rapid rate of credit expansion are singled out as significant red flags, with the report noting a 100 percentage point spike in the country's non-financial sector debt relative to gross domestic product (GDP) since the 2008 financial crisis. The ratio currently stands at around 260 percent of GDP. "This is extraordinary leverage for an advanced, let alone, an emerging economy," the BOE Governor Mark Carney said at a press conference to launch the report. The "near-record" pace of net capital outflows from China during the third quarter and a 3 percent depreciation in the Chinese renminbi against the U.S. dollar since the publication of the BOE's July report were also highlighted as reasons for concern. Euro area dynamics Turning to nearer neighbors, the governor broke down the key risks emanating from some euro area economies into, firstly, existing sovereign debt dynamics and, secondly, threats to the resilience of parts of the trading bloc's banking system. Carney noted the vulnerability of elevated sovereign debt levels to a leap in borrowing costs or diminished growth prospects on the back of either trade or political headwinds. Moving even closer to home, the governor raised the looming specter of the U.K.'s impending departure from the European Union (EU), noting banks located domestically currently supply over half of the debt and equity issuance from continental firms and account for over 75 percent of foreign exchange and derivatives activity in the U.K. Consequent fears of contagion were emphasized by Carney as he discussed the risk of a disruption in services provided to the European real economy spilling over to hit the U.K. economy through trade and financial links. While clearly stating that the largest risks to U.K.financial stability are global in nature, the governor went on to acknowledge that a lack of clarity over how Brexit will unfold means many unknowns cloud the current outlook. "It will take time to clarify the U.K.'s new relationships with the EU and the rest of the world. And the orderliness of the U.K. economy's adjustment to these changes will influence the risks to financial stability," Carney said.Q: Enviar funcion con parametros JavaScript Tengo la siguiente linea de codigo: <td border="1" onClick="myFunction()"> Estoy tratando de hacer lo siguiente para poder recibir un valor en la funcion myFunction(variable). <td border="1" onClick="myFunction(variable)"> Pero me envia el siguiente error: is not defined at HTMLTableCellElement.onclick A: Lo que quieres hacer va de la siguiente forma: function myFunction(mensaje) { console.log(mensaje); } table, th, td { border: 1px solid black; } <table> <tr> <td onClick="myFunction('Celda A')">Celda A</td> <td onClick="myFunction('Celda B')">Celda B</td> </tr> </table> Nota: Si quieres enviar algún tipo de variable y te da error, deberás poner mas código en tu pregunta. Melvin Guillard - A Fighting Education When it was announced that Melvin Guillard was going to fight Donald Cerrone at UFC 150 this Saturday, just a little over a month after going three rounds against Fabricio Camoes, many wondered how “The Young Assassin” would react to such a short turnaround time. Short? Guillard considers two fights in a month a vacation compared to his early days in the sport. “I’m a fighter and I love to fight,” he said. “Growing up, when I first started fighting, fighting two, three times, and sometimes six times in one month was normal for me. So fighting this close back-to-back kind of brings back memories of my younger days.” He’s not kidding when he says younger days. Still more than seven months away from his 30th birthday, the New Orleans native has been fighting in one way, shape, or form since he was 14, first as an amateur before turning pro at 16. “I’ve been at it for a long time,” he laughs as he delivers the understatement of the summer. “And even when I turned 16 and turned pro, it was about grinding, and just fighting to make a paycheck. Back then I was making five and five, which was 500 and 500, a thousand and a thousand, and I was living off that money. That was part of the reason why I chose to fight so much at that time.” But in an odd way, fighting Guillard wasn’t just something he was good at; it was a way for him to bond with his father, who passed away in 2006, in a different way than most teens and their dads. “My dad went to every fight, he signed my pro license, and me and my dad were like best friends, so we got to hang out all the time,” said Guillard. “He would go to the bars, watch me fight, take me home, and I even had one of my wrestling buddies, Terry Verdun, he would fight on Friday nights with me. We would go and fight together and just beat people up. That was my hangout, and that was the thing that I was doing because I was hanging out with my high school friend and my dad. Then it blew up so big at home for me to where everybody from home would come and watch me fight. So then I would make money from selling tickets in the neighborhood, and I would have my whole neighborhood coming out once or twice a month to watch me fight and be the main event at the club called Main Event.” Guillard would pile up win after win, and knockout after knockout, some sanctioned by the local commission, some not. It was a heady time for the aspiring UFC fighter, even if he didn’t know at the time whether the UFC was going to be the worldwide juggernaut it is today. The adults around him at school were even less optimistic. “Fighting in the UFC was always my childhood dream and I knew back then that they didn’t make a whole lot of money doing it, but somewhere in there, I thought to myself that this sport might just blow up and take off and it could be big, and I was right,” he said. “I even had schoolteachers and principals, people that were elders to me and mentors that I looked up to, telling me that I was crazy for trying to be an MMA fighter. They thought it was violent and brutal, that guys always got hurt and didn’t make any money, and now those same people are looking at me like ‘kid, you must have known something we didn’t know at the time.’ So it’s definitely refreshing and cool to know that I chose something that other people actually doubted, and I was right about it.” Nearly 14 years after the first time he put the gloves on and got paid for it, Guillard is co-headlining a major UFC event in Denver, and with wins in six of his last eight fights, a big win over Cerrone can put him in the conversation for a world title shot at 155 pounds. And that’s precisely why he took the fight.

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was dripped directly onto the heart as needed for arrhythmia control during ischemia, and procainamide (12.5 mg/kg IP) was administered 15 min prior to reperfusion. Rats were orally gavaged with vehicle (0.5% HPMC, 5% DMSO, and 0.1% Tween 80; 10 mL/kg; *n* = 14), GSK2181236A (0.1 or 1.0 mg/kg; *n* = 11--14), or BAY 60-4552 (0.3 or 3.0 mg/kg; *n* = 10--12) 2 h prior to ischemia. Blood was collected at the initiation of ischemia and after 24 h reperfusion. Plasma was obtained for analysis of compound concentrations and levels of cardiac Troponin I (cTnI), a circulating biomarker of cardiac injury. Plasma concentrations of cTnI were determined using a commercially available ELISA (catalog \#2010-2-HSP, Life Diagnostics, West Chester, PA, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Plasma compound concentrations were determined by LC/MS/MS (API 5000 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, ABSciex, Foster City, CA, USA; Prominence liquid chromatographic system, Shimadzu, Columbia, MD, USA). Rats were anesthetized with a mixture of ketamine and xylazine (35 and 5 mg/kg, IM) and euthanized via exsanguination. Hearts were excised and perfused with 1% Evans blue dye in saline then perfused-fixed with 10% neutral buffered formalin (∼90 mmHg perfusion pressure). Hearts were sliced on the short axis from apex to base at 1--2 mm intervals, and the ischemic area (area at risk) was evaluated using Image Pro-Plus (Media Cybernetics, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA). Fresh heart slices were stained with 1% triphenyltetrazolium and evaluated using Image Pro-Plus for determination of infarct size. Cardiac and renal function assessment of GSK2181236A and BAY 60-4552 in HSFD fed SHR-SP --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The SHR-SP is an established model of genetic hypertension. Exposure to a HSFD exacerbates endothelial dysfunction, systemic vascular resistance and hypertension, and accelerates end-organ damage (Ma et al., [@B21]). Decreases in endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in this model have been associated with reduced levels of NO bioactivity and increased generation of superoxide and/or peroxynitrite anions (McIntyre et al., [@B23], [@B22]; Kerr et al., [@B15]; Ma et al., [@B21]; see Bauersachs and Widder, [@B2] for review). As such, a cohort of HSFD SHR-SP was established as a model of cardiovascular disease associated with chronic oxidative stress in this study. Male SHR-SPs (*n* = 75) were obtained from Charles River Laboratories, Inc. (Kingston, NY, USA) and maintained on a normal powdered rodent diet (Lab Diet 5001, PMI Nutrition International, LLC, St. Louis, MO, USA) and tap water *ad libitum*. A subgroup of animals (*n* = 45) was anesthetized with isoflurane and surgically implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters (PhysioTel PA-C40, Data Sciences International, St. Paul, MN, USA). The transmitter catheter was threaded through the femoral artery into the abdominal aorta. At 11--12 weeks of age, baseline blood pressure and heart rate were measured for 5 days (10 s recordings every 5 min) in normal caging, then rats were acclimated to metabolic caging for a minimum of 48 h before a basal 24 h urine sample and blood were collected. After baseline measures, rats were assigned to six groups (*n* = 8--14 per group) according to mean arterial pressure (MAP; telemetered rats only) and body weight: normal diet (ND) control, HSFD, HSFD + 0.1 mg/kg/day GSK2181236A, HSFD + 1.0 mg/kg/day GSK2181236A, HSFD + 0.3 mg/kg/day BAY 60-4552, and HSFD + 3.0 mg/kg/day BAY 60-4552. The ND group was maintained on normal chow and water throughout the study. The other groups received a fat-enriched rodent diet (24.5% fat, Zeigler Bros., Inc., Gardners, PA, USA) and a 1% NaCl drinking water solution *ad libitum* for 8 week (Willette et al., [@B35]). Rats displaying signs of morbidity which included piloerection, lack of grooming, persistent body weight loss, lethargy, or seizure/convulsions, were promptly euthanized. Treatments were administered in respective diets starting 1 week after the initiation of HSFD. Urine collections were repeated on weeks 2, 4, 6, and 8 and blood was sampled in the morning after each 24 h collection period for assessment of renal function. Plasma creatinine and urine sodium, microalbumin (MALB), and creatinine were ascertained using an AU640 Chemistry Analyzer (Olympus America, Inc., Center Valley, PA, USA). Plasma compound concentrations were determined as described above. During week 7, cardiac function and morphometry were evaluated via transthoracic echocardiography. Rats were anesthetized with isoflurane (2--4% induction and 1--3% maintenance). Two-dimensional gray scale images of the left ventricle were obtained in the short axis plane at mid-ventricle level and in the parasternal long axis plane using a GE Vivid 7 system (GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI, USA) and stored as digital cineloops. Pulse wave Doppler recordings from the LV outflow were obtained to determine heart rate. All images were analyzed by a single observer using a GE EchoPac (GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI, USA). LV volumes were calculated as $V = \frac{5}{6}(\text{LVA} \times \text{LVL)}$ where LVA is area of LV chamber from the short axis view and LVL is the LV length from the long axis view at end diastole and end systole. LV mass was calculated from two dimensional images using the area-length method (Lang et al., [@B19]). Analysis was performed on three to five cardiac cycles. On week 8, isoflurane anesthetized rats were euthanized via exsanguination. The thoracic aorta was excised for assessment of endothelial function as described below. Hearts were snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80°C for later analysis of gene expression changes associated with cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis (see below for procedure details). Gene expression analysis of cardiac tissue ------------------------------------------ Cardiac gene expression was analyzed following chronic (7 week) BAY 60-4552 or GSK2181236A treatment in HSFD SHR-SP. Hearts were homogenized in Trizol and RNA was extracted using the RNeasy Plus Mini kit protocol (Qiagen, Valencia, CA, USA) with a 40 μL elution volume. RNA was quantified using a Nanodrop Spectrophotometer ND-1000 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Wilmington, DE, USA) and converted to cDNA using the High Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit (Applied Biosystems, Carlsbad, CA, USA). Taqman assays were performed using a 384-well plate format with individual primer-probes and Taqman Universal PCR Master Mix (Applied Biosystems) and run on the 7900 HT Fast Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems). SDS 2.3 software (Applied Biosystems) was used to obtain raw *C*~t~ values with manual threshold set at 0.10. Array Studio software (version 3.6.2; OmicSoft Corporation, Cary, NC, USA) was used to normalize gene expression data, by analysis of covariance, to the housekeeper genes β-2-microglobulin (*B2m*) and peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A (*Ppia*). No outliers were detected by means of principal component analysis. The following genes were analyzed: α-skeletal actin (*Acta1*), type 1 collagen-alpha 1 (*Col1a1*), type 3 collagen-alpha 1 (*Col3a1*), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF; *Ctgf*), matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2; *Mmp2*), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9; *Mmp9*), α-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC; *Myh6*), β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC; *Myh7*); atrial natriuretic factor (ANF; *Nppa*), brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP; *Nppb*), cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A; *Pde5a*), type 2 cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG2; *Prkg2*), and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1; *Tgfb1*). Isolated artery vasodilatation ------------------------------ Male Wistar Kyoto (WKY; Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Raleigh, NC, USA) were anesthetized with inhaled isoflurane (5% in O~2~) and euthanized by exsanguination. Thoracic aorta was isolated, cleaned of adherent tissue, cut into 3

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u,v)$. Since $u\gamma$ and $v\gamma$ are computable by induction hypothesis, $s\gamma=@(u\gamma,v\gamma)$ is computable by computability property (iv). 3. $s=\lambda x . u$. By computability property (v), $s\gamma=\lambda x.u\gamma$ is computable iff $u\gamma\{x\mapsto v\}$ is computable for an arbitrary computable $v$. Let now $\gamma'=\gamma\cup\{x\mapsto v\}$. By definition of substitutions for abstractions, $u\gamma\{x\mapsto v\}=u\gamma'$, which is usually ensured by $\alpha$-conversion. By assumptions on $\gamma$ and $v$, $\gamma'$ is computable, and $u\gamma'$ is therefore computable by the main induction hypothesis. Since an arbitrary term $s$ can be seen as its own instance by the identity substitution, which is computable by computability property (iii), all terms are computable by the Main Lemma, hence strongly normalizing by computability property (i). The Recursive Path Ordering and Computability {#s:rpo} ============================================= In this section, we restrict ourselves to first-order algebraic terms. Assuming that the set of function symbols is equipped with an ordering relation $\geF$, called *precedence*, and a status function $stat$, writing $stat_f$ for $stat(f)$, we recall the definition of the recursive path ordering: \[d:rpo\] $s\gtrpo t$ iff 1. \[rposubt\] $s=f(\vect{s})$ with $f\in\F$, and $ u \displaystyle{\gerpo} t$ for some $u\in\vect{s}$ 2. \[rpoprec\] $s=f(\vect{s})$ with $f\in\F$, and $t=g(\vect{t})$ with $f\gtF g$, and $A$ 3. \[rpomul\] $s=f(\vect{s})$ and $t=g(\vect{t})$ with $f=_\F g\in\Mul$, and $\vect{s}~(\displaystyle{\gtrpo})_{mul}~ \vect{t}$ 4. \[rpolex\] $s=f(\vect{s})$ and $t=g(\vect{t})$ with $f=_\F g\in\Lex$, and $\vect{s}~(\displaystyle{\gtrpo})_{lex}~ \vect{t}$ and $A$ $$\mbox{where } A=\forall v\in\vect{t}. ~ s\gtrpo v \quad\mbox{ and }\quad s\gerpo t \mbox{ iff } s\gtrpo t \mbox{ or } s=t$$ We now show the well-foundedness of $\gtrpo$ by using Tait’s method. Computability is defined here as strong normalization, implying computability property (i). We prove the computability property: \(vii) Let $f\in\F_n$ and $\vect{s}$ be computable terms. Then $f(\vect{s})$ is computable. The restriction of $\succ_{rpo}$ to terms smaller than or equal to the terms in $\vect{s}$ w.r.t. $\succ_{rpo}$ is a well-founded ordering which we use for building an outer induction on the pairs $(f,\vect{s})$ ordered by $(>_\F, (\succ_{rpo})_{stat_f})_{lex}$. This ordering is well-founded, since it is built from well-founded orderings by using mappings that preserve well-founded orderings. We now show that $f(\vect{s})$ is computable by proving that $t$ is computable for all $t$ such that $f(\vect{s}) \succ_{rpo} t$. This property is itself proved by an (inner) induction on $|t|$, and by case analysis upon the proof that $f(\vect{s}) \succ_{rpo} t$. 1. subterm case: $\exists u\in\vect{s}$ such that $u \succ_{rpo} t$. By assumption, $u$ is computable, hence so is its reduct $t$. 2. precedence case: $t=g(\vect{t})$, $f>_\F g$, and $\forall v\in\vect{t}$, $s\succ_{rpo} v$. By inner induction, $v$ is computable, hence so is $\vect{t}$. By outer induction, $g(\vect{t})=t$ is computable. 3. multiset case: $t=f(\vect{t})$ with $f\in Mul$, and $\vect{s}(\succ_{rpo})_{mul} \vect{t}$. By definition of the multiset extension, $\forall v\in\vect{t},~\exists u\in\vect{s}$ such that $u\succeq_{rpo} v$. Since $\vect{s}$ is a vector of computable terms by assumption, so is $\vect{t}$. We conclude by outer induction that $f(\vect{t})=t$ is computable. 4. lexicographic case: $t=f(\vect{t})$ with $f\in Lex$, $\vect{s}(\succ_{rpo})_{lex} \vect{t}$, and $\forall v\in\vect{t},~s\succ_{rpo} v$. By inner induction, $\vect{t}$ is strongly normalizing, and by outer induction, so is $f(\vect{t})=t$. The well-foundedness of $\gtrpo$ follows from computability property (vii). The General Schema and Computability {#s:closure} ==================================== As in the previous section, we assume that the set of function symbols is equipped with a precedence relation $\geF$ and a status function $stat$. \[d:closure\] The *computability closure* $\CS(t=f(\vect{t}))$, with $f\!\in\!\F$, is the set $\CS(t,\emptyset)$, s.t. $\CS(t,{\cal V})$, with ${\cal V}\cap\Var{t}=\emptyset$, is the smallest set of typable terms containing all variables in ${\cal V}$ and terms in $\vect{t}$, closed under: 1. \[csubterm\] subterm of basic type: let $s\in\CS(t,{\cal V})$, and $u$ be a subterm of $s$ of basic type $\sigma$ such that $\Var{u}\subseteq \Var{t}$; then $u\in\CS(t,{\cal V})$; 2. \[cprecedence\] precedence: let $f\gtF g$, and $\vect{s}\in\CS(t,{\cal V})$; then $g(\vect{s})\in\CS(t,{\cal V})$; 3. \[crecursive\] recursive call: let $f(\vect{s})$ be a term such that terms in $\vect{s}$ belong to $\CS(t,{\cal V})$ and $\vect{t} (\lrps{}{\beta}\cup\gtsubt)_{stat_f} \vect{s}$; then $g(\vect{s})\in\CS(t,{\cal V})$ for every $g =_\F f$; 4. \[capplication\] application: let $s : \sigma_1\ra\ldots\ra\sigma_n\ra\sigma\in\CS(t,{\cal V})$ and $u_i:\sigma_i \in\CS(t,{\cal V})$ for every $i\in[1..n]$; then $@(s,u_1,\ldots,u_n)\in\CS(t,{\cal V})$; 5. \[cabstraction\] abstraction: let $s\in\CS(t,{\cal V}\cup\{x\})$ for some $x\notin\Var{t}\cup{\cal V}$; then $\lambda x . s \in\CS(t,{\cal V})$; 6. \[creduction\] reduction: let $u \in \CS(t,{\cal V})$, and $u\lrps{}{\beta\cup\gtsubt} v$; then $v\in \CS(t,{\cal V})$. We say that a rewrite system $R$ satisfies the *general schema* iff $$\mbox{$r\in\CS(f(\vect{l}))$ for all $f(\vect{l})\ra r\in R$}$$ We now consider computability with respect to the rewrite relation $\lrps{}{R}\cup\lrps{}{\beta}$, and add the computability property (vii) whose proof can be easily adapted from the previous one. We can then add a new case in Tait’s Main Lemma, for terms headed by an algebraic function symbol. As a

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ctxt "text-direction" msgid "From left to right" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1788 msgctxt "text-direction" msgid "From right to left" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1789 msgctxt "text-direction" msgid "Vertical, right to left (mixed orientation)" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1790 msgctxt "text-direction" msgid "Vertical, right to left (upright orientation)" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1791 msgctxt "text-direction" msgid "Vertical, left to right (mixed orientation)" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1792 msgctxt "text-direction" msgid "Vertical, left to right (upright orientation)" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1823 #, fuzzy msgctxt "text-hint-style" msgid "None" msgstr "קײנע" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1824 msgctxt "text-hint-style" msgid "Slight" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1825 msgctxt "text-hint-style" msgid "Medium" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1826 msgctxt "text-hint-style" msgid "Full" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1857 msgctxt "text-justification" msgid "Left justified" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1858 msgctxt "text-justification" msgid "Right justified" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1859 msgctxt "text-justification" msgid "Centered" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1860 msgctxt "text-justification" msgid "Filled" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1890 msgctxt "transfer-mode" msgid "Shadows" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1891 msgctxt "transfer-mode" msgid "Midtones" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1892 msgctxt "transfer-mode" msgid "Highlights" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1921 msgctxt "transform-direction" msgid "Normal (Forward)" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1922 msgctxt "transform-direction" msgid "Corrective (Backward)" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1953 msgctxt "transform-resize" msgid "Adjust" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1954 msgctxt "transform-resize" msgid "Clip" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1955 msgctxt "transform-resize" msgid "Crop to result" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpbaseenums.c:1956 msgctxt "transform-resize" msgid "Crop with aspect" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpmetadata.c:951 #, c-format msgid "Can load metadata only from local files" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpmetadata.c:965 ../libgimpbase/gimpmetadata.c:1035 #, c-format msgid "Conversion of the filename to system codepage failed." msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpmetadata.c:1022 #, c-format msgid "Can save metadata only to local files" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpmetadata.c:1084 #, c-format msgid "Invalid Exif data size." msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpmetadata.c:1113 #, c-format msgid "Parsing Exif data failed." msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpmetadata.c:1163 #, c-format msgid "Parsing IPTC data failed." msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimpmetadata.c:1211 #, c-format msgid "Parsing XMP data failed." msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimputils.c:219 ../libgimpbase/gimputils.c:224 msgid "(invalid UTF-8 string)" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimputils.c:394 msgid "File path is NULL" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimputils.c:403 ../libgimpbase/gimputils.c:414 msgid "Error converting UTF-8 filename to wide char" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimputils.c:422 msgid "ILCreateFromPath() failed" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimputils.c:459 #, c-format msgid "Cannot convert '%s' into a valid NSURL." msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimputils.c:487 msgid "Connecting to org.freedesktop.FileManager1 failed: " msgstr "" #: ../libgimpbase/gimputils.c:511 msgid "Calling ShowItems failed: " msgstr "" #: ../libgimpcolor/gimpcolorprofile.c:258 #, c-format msgid "'%s' does not appear to be an ICC color profile" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpcolor/gimpcolorprofile.c:304 msgid "Data does not appear to be an ICC color profile" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpcolor/gimpcolorprofile.c:361 msgid "Could not save color profile to memory" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpcolor/gimpcolorprofile.c:578 msgid "(unnamed profile)" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpcolor/gimpcolorprofile.c:620 #, c-format msgid "Model: %s" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpcolor/gimpcolorprofile.c:629 #, c-format msgid "Manufacturer: %s" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpcolor/gimpcolorprofile.c:638 #, c-format msgid "Copyright: %s" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpconfig/gimpconfigenums.c:24 msgctxt "color-management-mode" msgid "No color management" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpconfig/gimpconfigenums.c:25 msgctxt "color-management-mode" msgid "Color-managed display" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpconfig/gimpconfigenums.c:26 msgctxt "color-management-mode" msgid "Soft-proofing" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpconfig/gimpconfigenums.c:57 msgctxt "color-rendering-intent" msgid "Perceptual" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpconfig/gimpconfigenums.c:58 msgctxt "color-rendering-intent" msgid "Relative colorimetric" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpconfig/gimpconfigenums.c:59 msgctxt "color-rendering-intent" msgid "Saturation" msgstr "" #: ../libgimpconfig/gimpconfigenums.c:60 msgctxt "color-rendering-intent" msgid "Absolute colorimetric" msgstr "" #. * #. * SECTION: gimpcolorconfig #. * @title: GimpColorConfig #. * @short_description: Color management settings. #. * #. * Color management settings. #. * #: ../libgimpconfig/gimpcolorconfig.c:52 msgid "How images are displayed on screen." msgstr "" #: ../libgimpconfig/gimpcolorconfig.c:55 msgid "The color profile of your (primary) monitor." msgstr "" #: ../libgimpconfig/

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3-cells-08-01417} --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The data above clearly implies a causative role for mtROS in facilitating RSV infectious virus production. To test this formally, we decided to test whether blocking mtROS generation during RSV infection could limit RSV infection, as previously done, using the mtROS scavenger MitoQ \[[@B19-cells-08-01417]\]. Wild-type and KO cells were infected with RSV (MOI 1) and then treated with MitoQ at different times p.i., prior to cell lysis and subsequent quantitation of viral replication (qPCR) and infectious virus production (plaque assay) ([Figure 5](#cells-08-01417-f005){ref-type="fig"}). Results were unequivocal, showing significant (*p* \< 0.001) reduction of both viral replication and infectious virus production in both wild-type and KO cells in the presence of MitoQ. Treatment with MitoQ from 8 h p.i. had essentially the same effect in both lines, leading to \>10- and \>100-fold lower levels of RSV genomes and infectious virus titer, respectively ([Figure 5](#cells-08-01417-f005){ref-type="fig"}A,B). MitoQ treatment from 18 h had a less profound effect, but still significantly (*p* \< 0.001) reduced RSV genomes and the infectious virus titer by \~2- and almost 100-fold, respectively ([Figure 5](#cells-08-01417-f005){ref-type="fig"}A,B). As already indicated, HEK293T cells are an accepted infectious model for RSV \[[@B26-cells-08-01417],[@B27-cells-08-01417],[@B28-cells-08-01417]\]; our previous work with cells of the A549 human alveolar epithelial line, as well as primary human bronchiolar epithelial cells, indicated clear effects of RSV infection on mitochondrial respiratory activity and mtROS production \[[@B19-cells-08-01417]\], closely paralleling those observed here for HEK293T cells. We were keen to establish the relevance of the results here to other models of infection, such as A549 cells, with respect to protection by MitoQ against infection, over a longer, more physiological course of infection. We infected A549 with RSV for up to 8, 12, 24, and 48 h and added MitoQ for the last 8 h in each case ([Figure 6](#cells-08-01417-f006){ref-type="fig"}). The results show that an 8 h addition of MitoQ is able to significantly (*p* \< 0.001) suppress RSV replication ([Figure 6](#cells-08-01417-f006){ref-type="fig"}A) and infectious virus production ([Figure 6](#cells-08-01417-f006){ref-type="fig"}B), even at late stages of infection (i.e., 40 h p.i.); strikingly, 8 h treatment with MitoQ 40 h p.i. could still reduce infectious virus production almost 100-fold. To confirm that MitoQ's effects in this context are not through impacting cell viability, we assessed the release of the cytosolic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) into the culture medium, indicative of cell death ([Figure A1](#cells-08-01417-f0A1){ref-type="fig"} in [Appendix A](#app2-cells-08-01417){ref-type="app"}). None of the MitoQ concentrations used significantly increased LDH release compared to that of controls in either the absence or presence of RSV infection, confirming that MitoQ is not cytotoxic; this is entirely consistent with other studies \[[@B19-cells-08-01417]\], with toxicity also shown to be absent in animal models and humans \[[@B34-cells-08-01417],[@B35-cells-08-01417],[@B36-cells-08-01417],[@B37-cells-08-01417],[@B38-cells-08-01417]\]. Overall, the results underline the relevance of the results here, with respect to the key role of mitochondrial Complex I in RSV infection to the development of anti-RSV therapies, with MitoQ of great potential as a viable option to treat established RSV infection (see Discussion). 4. Discussion {#sec4-cells-08-01417} ============= This is the first study to use KO cells to establish the importance of mitochondrial complex I in RSV infection. Deficiency of either of the specific complex I proteins, NDUFA10 and NDUFB10, that are integral to electron transport and Complex I assembly \[[@B21-cells-08-01417],[@B39-cells-08-01417],[@B40-cells-08-01417]\] results in elevated mtROS levels, compared to wild type ([Figure 4](#cells-08-01417-f004){ref-type="fig"}), and enhanced virus production ([Figure 3](#cells-08-01417-f003){ref-type="fig"}B). This is in stark contrast to the knock-out of other mitochondrial proteins, such as non-complex I protein TMEM261 or complex I component NDUFB4, which has more peripheral roles in super complex formation \[[@B31-cells-08-01417],[@B32-cells-08-01417],[@B41-cells-08-01417]\]; in these cases, lack of expression does not impact mtROS levels ([Figure 4](#cells-08-01417-f004){ref-type="fig"}), and RSV virus production is essentially normal ([Figure 3](#cells-08-01417-f003){ref-type="fig"}B). It is significant in this context that NDUFB10 deficiency has previously been associated with increased mtROS and compromised mitochondrial respiration \[[@B31-cells-08-01417],[@B42-cells-08-01417]\], while mutations in NDUFA10 have been found in mitochondrial disorders, such as Leigh disease \[[@B41-cells-08-01417],[@B42-cells-08-01417],[@B43-cells-08-01417]\]. Future studies could include studying viral growth kinetics in Complex I KO cells to elucidate the precise mechanism by which reduced mtROS favors RSV virus production. It is known that RSV infection interferes with many key cellular functions, but many of these appear to relate, as in the present study, to host cell mitochondria. Unbiased proteomic studies in RSV-infected cells, for example, reveal a large-scale impact on the abundance of a number of mitochondrial proteins, including complex I proteins, as well as voltage-dependent anion channel proteins, mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes, and the prohibitin subunits that play roles in regulating mitochondrial morphology, distribution, and biogenesis \[[@B44-cells-08-01417],[@B45-cells-08-01417],[@B46-cells-08-01417]\]. RSV's non-structural (NS) proteins are known to degrade signaling proteins required for interferon induction or response pathways early in infection \[[@B17-cells-08-01417]\]; such activity requires the formation of a NS-associated degradative complex on the mitochondria in a mitochondrial antiviral signaling adaptor (MAVS)-dependent manner \[[@B17-cells-08-01417]\]. It seems clear that the host cell mitochondria are a key target of RSV action, consistent with our recent report documenting that RSV infection induces a staged redistribution of mitochondria concomitant with compromised mitochondrial respiration and enhanced mtROS production in A549 human alveolar epithelial cells \[[@B19-cells-08-01417]\]; that these effects on mitochondria enhance viral pathogenesis \[[@B17-cells-08-01417],[@B19-cells-08-01417]\] further supports the idea that host cell mitochondria are a key target of RSV action. Our results here indicate for the first time that mitochondrial Complex I is central to this and the effects on decreased mitochondrial respiration and enhanced mtROS levels in particular \[[@B19-cells-08-01417]\]; that reduced Complex I activity leading to decreased mitochondrial respiration and increased mtROS favors RSV infection implicates Complex I as a key target of RSV in infected cells (see model in [Figure 7](#cells-08-01417-f007){ref-type="fig"}), making Complex I a potential therapeutic target for anti-RSV intervention strategies. Importantly in this context, the mtROS scavenger, MitoQ, can limit RSV infection, even in complex I-deficient cells ([Figure 5](#cells-08-01417-f005){ref-type="fig"}), confirming MitoQ's utility as a viable therapeutic to combat RSV in the future (see also \[[@B19-cells-08-01417]\] and below). The study here uses HEK293T cells/KO derivatives thereof as the infectious model to establish the key role of Complex I in the impact of RSV infection on mitochondrial function. We show that RSV infection strongly impacts mitochondrial respiratory function, leading to elevated mtROS production, and that the mtROS scavenger, MitoQ, in reducing mtROS in infected cells, can lead to reduced RSV replication and virus production. This aligns perfectly with our previous study \[[@B19-cells-08-01417]\], using more physiological models of RSV infection, including A549 human alveolar epithelial cells and primary human bronchiolar epithelial cells, where RSV infection strongly depresses mitochondrial respiratory function and elevates mtROS levels, which can be prevented with MitoQ. We also show that MitoQ protects against RSV here, even when added 40 h post-infection ([Figure 6](#cells-08-01417-f006){ref-type="fig"}), implying that MitoQ can be effective in reducing the viral load, even in an established RSV infection. We have previously

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<bddebian> Sure, give me a minute <bddebian> Shit, is revu down? <tonyyarusso> yes <bddebian> grr <tonyyarusso> grr indeedy <bddebian> Heya Hobbsee <LaserJock> tonyyarusso: dude it's still buiding <tonyyarusso> LaserJock: Ah! nvm me then :) * tonyyarusso falsely assumes all of you cool people have magical machines that build in five minutes or less...or something <bddebian> heh, I wish <Hobbsee> heya bddebian <ajmitch> tonyyarusso: you're funny <tonyyarusso> :) <Hobbsee> tonyyarusso: i wish <Hobbsee> tonyyarusso: although it does help to be able to ssh to fast machines. <tonyyarusso> Hobbsee: yeah <ajmitch> Hobbsee: you mean your laptop still isn't fast enough? <Hobbsee> ajmitch: other machines are faster. *shrugs* <Hobbsee> ajmitch: it's more the fact that it doesnt have a local mirror. <Hobbsee> ajmitch: so i dont have to wait ages for things to download * ajmitch doesn't have anywhere fast to build <bddebian> Well wtf.. <Hobbsee> ajmitch: aurora's not too bad, either. <ajmitch> faster connectivity than what I have <imbrandon> gah i need to make some more cash this month to get my home "network+mirror" back running <imbrandon> and get of my lazy bum and redo my website <ajmitch> heh <ajmitch> find a real job? :) <imbrandon> :) <Hobbsee> heh :) <Hobbsee> imbrandon: were you coming to boston, btw? <imbrandon> Hobbsee: most likely <Hobbsee> awww <Hobbsee> pity <imbrandon> ? * imbrandon feels loved <ajmitch> haha <imbrandon> :) <imbrandon> trying to get my wife into FL/OSS too <imbrandon> hehe <ajmitch> good luck with that <imbrandon> she actualy is kinda, in that she dosent use anything else but i mean contributing too <Hobbsee> bah. someone has good planning <Hobbsee> the linux thingy on today is when half of the second year comp students have their mandatory tutes. <Hobbsee> when that's a group that htey're targetting <LaserJock> tonyyarusso: argg, I don't think I have time to finish kompozer , it looks good to me <Hobbsee> LaserJock: you suck. <Hobbsee> LaserJock: that is all. <LaserJock> :p <Hobbsee> ajmitch: you suck more. <LaserJock> I'll be back <Hobbsee> hahahahahaha <Hobbsee> coward. <tonyyarusso> heh <tonyyarusso> Well, that's what, a + 1/2 ? <imbrandon> hrm anyone ever made a homebrew computer ? <imbrandon> seems like there is sparce info on it <imbrandon> only from the early 80's <StevenK> What do you mean homebrew? <imbrandon> like 8088 / z80 / 8086 breadboard comp <StevenK> At this point, people seem more concerned with stuffing Pentium III's into z80 boxes <imbrandon> heh , i stuffed a c7 into a c64 box :) <StevenK> c7 <StevenK> Gah <StevenK> c7's don't count. :-P <imbrandon> although a 6502 from a c64 or a apple 1 would be a cool homebrew too <tonyyarusso> bddebian: how's your build coming? <guest22> Hi. Can someone explain why revu.tauware.de is down again? * tonyyarusso is selling a C64-SX <tonyyarusso> guest22: I don't think anyone knows yet. <Hobbsee> tonyyarusso: siretart might be doing the machine change over today <imbrandon> -sx ? <tonyyarusso> Hobbsee: ooh, that would make sense <tonyyarusso> imbrandon: portable <imbrandon> how much ? <StevenK> "Portable" you say <tonyyarusso> imbrandon: http://minneapolis.craigslist.org/sys/406011461.html <imbrandon> c64 were pretty protable anyhow <StevenK> What does protable mean? * StevenK hides <tonyyarusso> Althought the link on the posting seems down :( <tonyyarusso> imbrandon: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodore_SX-64 for a pic <imbrandon> ahh craigs list , i love craigs list <imbrandon> tonyyarusso: yea i rember it now <tonyyarusso> The keyboard snaps on as a cover over the monitor on the front of the computer, and the prop leg serves as a carrying handle. <StevenK> 10KGs?! <bddebian> tonyyarusso: I still can't get on REVU <imbrandon> if not more <StevenK> That's not so much portable. <imbrandon> tonyyarusso: i wouldent mind buying it but thats too much of a premium for me, if it dosent sell hit me up <tonyyarusso> bddebian: Nor can anyone else. LaserJock was just working from http://www.tonyyarusso.com/kompozer/ manually. <tonyyarusso> imbrandon: We haven't had a response yet, so you could just make an offer (use the cl link - it's my dad) * StevenK teaches bddebian to read scrollback. <imbrandon> k <imbrandon> i will this evening, i'm lazy and dont wanna open gmail atm heheh <imbrandon> but i got it bookmarked <tonyyarusso> lol, that is lazy <imbrandon> StevenK: and btw the c7 was 1.5GHZ ;) <StevenK> imbrandon: You want to use the SX as a desktop? :-P <imbrandon> hahaha well i do have a c64 2400 baud modem <imbrandon> i used to get on bbs's with * tonyyarusso wonders how much work it would take to get Linux running on it <imbrandon> tonyyarusso: one floppy <imbrandon> there is a c64 linux distro <tonyyarusso> imbrandon: Someone's done that port? <tonyyarusso> sweet <imbrandon> LUnix <tonyyarusso> fun <imbrandon> LNG is an operationg system primarly for the good old Commodore64 home-computer. There also is a native version for the successor Commodore128. Ports to other 6502/6510 driven 8Bit Computers are possible but not yet started. LUnix started in 1993 and reached the internet in 1994. In 1997 LUnix0.1 was rewritten from scratch, the result is LNG. <imbrandon> http://lng.sourceforge.net/ <bddebian> Sorry I'm only half pay attention. I'll check it out in a bit <imbrandon> apple 1's were 6502 proc along with others of the time <ajmitch> Hobbsee: cruelty <Hobbsee> ajmitch: warranted, though. <tonyyarusso> bddebian: a short bit would be best, since we want to close up for NPFU, and this is the last one. <ajmitch> Hobbsee: not at all <Hobbsee> ajmitch: but i cant do interviews :P <ajmitch> yes you can <imbrandon> brb <Hobbsee> ajmitch: nope <Hobbsee> where would the fun in that be? <ajmitch> Hobbsee: did you get an email from laserjock asking you to? :) <Hobbsee> ajmitch: yes <ajmitch> excellent.... * ajmitch didn't :) * Hobbsee hits the forward button, then. <ajmitch> it's perfectly alright, I don't mind you doing the interview <bddebian> tonyyarusso: Building now your highness <tonyyarusso> bddebian: lol, awesome <

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is hard to categorize in both content and form, and that is a very good thing. One could say Jer3miah is more intimate with things Mormon than more official Mormon productions. For example, inherent in Mormonism is a deep-seated sense of history and a connectedness to past and future generations. The dramatic translation of those concepts within Jer3miah is cliff-hanging events that turn on genealogical information and on strange visitors invoking the ancient Nephite setting of the Book of Mormon. Like the embattled hosts within the more epic portions of the Mormon bible, Jeremiah finds himself facing secret combinations of evil. Yet Jer3miah has a more contemporary vibe than the costume drama Mormon mini-epics based on scripture. This is hosted on Vimeo and YouTube, and it channels the youth culture of the net generation. The prankster roommates and high-tech surveillance criss cross with Mormon folklore and scripture in a hybrid bound to simultaneously upset and spellbind various audiences. But the through-line for the series is character, and this gives the series authenticity despite its obviously experimental nature. Jeremiah must resolve his aching need for an orienting identity. Ironically, that is what Mormonism is all about. Latter-day Saints claim an eternal identity; however, the media productions of Mormonism are seldom about feeling all the more lost and endangered for having a spiritual and eternal identity. This series sits on the edge of Mormonism, taking its ideas of eternal progression and individual mission so seriously that the stakes are realized in human terms, with evil as present and potent a reality as God. The protagonist of Jer3miah fights with his heritage and destiny--almost as though he is director Jeff Parkin's doppleganger. Parkin (pictured here), a popular and outspoken film professor at Brigham Young University, has called for more authenticity in Mormon storytelling (see his February 2009 university-wide lecture,“Story and Authentic Messengers: Meditations on Film, Originality and Poisonous Art") . Jer3miah is Parkin's proof of concept. The series has made waves among Latter-day Saints precisely because he has chosen to make Mormonism central to the storytelling: LDS youth really do feel a sense of destiny, they really hear and follow spiritual promptings, and they really do get in trouble in the process. Following God is displayed as a dangerous prospect in Jer3miah; not because religion is a fraud, but precisely because it isn't. I have heard people preach that discipleship is an adventure, but the idea takes on a whole new dimension when Jeremiah--held hostage at gunpoint--must choose between his girlfriend's life and breaking a sacred oath. Believe me, atheists and anti-Mormons will hang on for the resolution of any of the series' many cliffhangers like this. Parkin's creation swims upstream against the well-established modes of Mormon media, but there is a confidence to the production, a palpable enthusiam echoed in the fanbase and the ancillary media filling out the series folklore. Not all of this will succeed, but more than enough already has. Parkin is testing the adequacy of new media for cinematic storytelling and for his own religion. It is a brave series for all of that, with good omens for coming seasons. Comments This is a smart analysis of the Jer3miah series. I wonder what your impressions are of how technology is used in the Jer3miah narrative? While for the most part it is the bad guys that use smart phones, bluetooths, satellite imagining, and high-tech computers to advance their evil, there is a moment in episode 4 where Jeremiah gets a text message to his cell phone that is a message from God (or at least a message that God wants Jer3miah to hear)telling him he needs to essentially work to become trustworthy again to get the box back. I can't think of any other LDS examples of God communicating to man through text messaging. If there are some it is probably done in gist, but Jer3miah does it in all seriousness. Also, Jeremiah is often instructed and inspired to keep a record of his personal history, much like the people in the Book of Mormon, only with Jeremiah it is with a modern digital video camcorder. I bring this up because you are the first person I have seen that has really touched on Jer3miah's obvious and important ties to technology both in distribution and content and I was wondering what your extended thoughts on it were. Very good analysis of the show. I've kept up with the Buzz surrounding Jer3miah, and it's refreshing to read an editorial that doesn't merely state what the show "tries to be," but actually gives an insightful, and--from what I can tell--accurate explanation of what the show actually does. The show is definitely experimental, as you observed, not only in the way it delivers a Mormon Story, but the means by which it delivers the story, through a website, as well as with a parallel Alternate Reality Game that adds depth to the characters; and to the mystery. It's truly an innovative endeavor, and though not all of it's reviews are positive, one must, at least, acknowledge all that it has accomplished. It's been a tremendous effort, not only by Jeff Parkin, but the other faculty and students that worked so diligently to pull off the production demands of a weekly web-based show. Yes - great post! This is a great series and an incredible endeavor. I enjoyed the way you paralleled the series with the reality of living Church doctrine. I also loved the idea of following promptings and working our way through life as being an adventure. Jeff, Jared, and everyone have helped tell a great story with a Mormon essence. It's been a treat to see everything unfold.Survival and histological resolution of fibrosis in patients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. Survival and long-term clinical and histological outcome were assessed retrospectively in 33 patients treated for autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. The Mayo Clinic treatment criteria were met by 30 of 33 patients and histological signs indicating nodular fibrosis and/or cirrhosis were present in 16 of 33 (48%). An overall 10-year survival rate of 90% was found by life-table analysis. This was not significantly different from matched controls (92%). Paired liver biopsies revealed that 16 of 28 (57%) patients improved their fibrosis/cirrhosis category whereas none progressed in a follow-up biopsy performed a median of 49 months later. Furthermore, liver biopsy showed improvement in 9 of 14 patients with initial nodular fibrosis/cirrhosis and resolution of nodulation. When a semi-quantitative scoring system was applied, the median fibrosis score improved significantly. A key factor intervening in the progression of fibrosis seemed to be the reduction of inflammatory activity as a result of immunosuppressive treatment. We conclude that fibrosis may be resolved in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis following protracted and effective treatment which is initiated early in the course of the disease.Platypnoea-orthodeoxia syndrome post laparoscopic surgery in a patient with a patent foramen ovale. Platypnoea-orthodeoxia syndrome has the pathognomonic clinical findings of dyspnoea and arterial hypoxaemia relieved by recumbency. We report on a patient who presented with platypnoea-orthodeoxia syndrome post laparoscopic surgery. Platypnoea-orthodeoxia syndrome is an important diagnosis to consider when investigating hypoxia without an obvious cause.Film roll accumulating devices for forming a filmstrip into a film roll are typically used in the film take-up chamber of a camera or in a film cassette. As discussed in prior art U.S. Pat. No. 3,057,573, patented Oct. 9, 1962, it is desirable for the film take-up chamber of a camera to be expandable to accommodate enlargement of the film roll as additional film is fed into the take-up chamber. Similarly, it is desirable for the supply chamber of a film cassette to be expandable to accommodate enlargement of the film roll as additional film is fed into the supply chamber. Prior art U.S. Pat. No. 3,718,301, patented Feb. 27, 1973, discloses a film cassette in which an arcuate pressure shoe is slidably mounted in the cassette housing, and a spring urges the pressure shoe toward a front cover of the cassette housing. When the cartridge housing does not contain any film, the arcuate pressure shoe is relatively close to the front cover. When a filmstrip is first fed into the cartridge housing, the arcuate pressure shoe guides the filmstrip into a film roll having a small inside diameter. The pressure shoe is forced backwardly against the urging of the spring as the outside diameter of the film roll is increased by further feeding the filmstrip into the cartridge housing. Thus, the centerpoint or the center axis of the film roll shifts to accommodate enlargement of the film roll.Q: Can my asp.net dll's or pages can be affected by virus living in my pc Just curious to know that if my PC is infected with a Trojan or any other virus, is it possible that my website will be infected along with that I have made up in asp.net with visual studio 2008. I am not sure that it is the right place to put this question or shall I have to put it to https://stackapps.com/ or any other site linked to stackoverflow. But anyhow it is very important for me to know the answer. Because one gentleman report me about the infection of Jquery-

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James Bradley Thayer, _The Origin and Scope of the American Doctrine of Constitutional Law_ , 7 HARV. L. REV. 129 (1893); West Virginia State Bd. of Educ. v. Barnette, 319 U.S. 624, 670 (1943) (Frankfurter, J., dissenting); BICKEL, LEAST DANGEROUS BRANCH, _supra_ note 49, at 16. _Cf._ Michael Stokes Paulsen, _Does the Constitution Prescribe Rules for Its Own Interpretation?_ , 103 NW. U. L. REV. 857 (2009). RICHARD A. POSNER, LAW, PRAGMATISM AND DEMOCRACY 234–47 (Harvard Univ. Press 2003). _See_ Gottlieb, _Compelling Governmental Interests_ , _supra_ note 68. _Compare_ Bobbitt, _Constitutional Fate_ , _supra_ note 21, 58 TEX L. REV. at 726–50 _with_ Gottlieb, _Compelling Governmental Interests_ , _supra_ note 68. _See also_ POWELL, MORAL TRADITION, _supra_ note 11, at 182–292; Robin L. West, _Are There Nothing but Texts in this Class? Interpreting the Interpretive Turns in Legal Thought_ , 76 CHI-KENT L. REV. 1125 (2000); Robin West, _Progressive and Conservative Constitutionalism_ , 88 MICH. L. REV. 641 (1990). FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE, THUS SPOKE ZARATHUSTRA (Barnes & Noble Classics 2007) (1883–1885). See San Antonio Indep. Sch. Dist. v. Rodriguez, 411 U.S. 1, 49–50 (1973). _See, e.g._ , Clarence Thomas, _The Higher Law Background of the Privileges or Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment_ , 12 HARV. J. L. & PUB. POL'Y 63 (1989). WOOD, CREATION OF THE AMERICAN REPUBLIC, _supra_ note 46, at 24–25, 167–68. _See_ Locke, SECOND TREATISE, _supra_ note 34. Michael H. v. Gerald D., 491 U.S. 110, 163n (1989). _See_ POWELL, MORAL TRADITION, _supra_ note 11 at 182–292. _See_ Feinberg, _Civil Disobedience_ , _supra_ note 33, 2 HUMAN. IN SOC'Y at 45–58; _but see_ William Van Alstyne, _Clashing Visions of a "Living" Constitution: Of Opportunists and Obligationists_ , 2010–11 CATO SUP. CT. REV. 13. On the source of moral obligations, _see_ DAVID HUME, AN ENQUIRY CONCERNING THE PRINCIPLES OF MORALS 125–36 (1751) (Open Court Pub. Co. 1966). _See also_ James E. Fleming, _Living Originalism and Living Constitutionalism as Moral Readings of the American Constitution_ , 92 B.U. L. REV. 1171 (2012). Moore v. East Cleveland, 431 U.S. 494, 503 (1977). _Compare_ Exxon Shipping Co. v. Baker, 554 U.S. 471 (2008) _with id._ at 515 (Scalia, J., concurring), _and_ Pac. Mut. Life Ins. Co. v. Haslip, 499 U.S. 1, 25 (1991) (Scalia, J., concurring in the judgment). Dep't of Revenue v. Davis, 553 U.S. 328 (2008); United Haulers Ass'n v. Oneida-Herkimer Solid Waste Mgmt. Auth., 550 U.S. 330, 344, 342 (2007); Edmonson v. Leesville Concrete Co., 500 U.S. 614 (1991). Pac. Mut. Life Ins. Co. v. Haslip, 499 U.S. 1, 25 (1991) (Scalia, J., concurring in the judgment). Souter in Washington v. Glucksberg, 521 U.S. 702, 766 (1997) (Souter, J., concurring). Bobbitt, _Constitutional Fate_ , _supra_ note 21, 58 TEX L. REV. at 726. See Lawrence B. Solum, _The Unity of Interpretation_ , 90 B.U. L. REV. 551, 567–78 (2010); Andrew B. Coan, _The Irrelevance of Writtenness in Constitutional Interpretation_ , 158 U. PA. L. REV. 1025 (2010). Coan, _The Irrelevance of Writtenness_ , _supra_ note 90, 158 U. PA. L. REV. at 1090. _See_ Ran Hirschl, _The New Constitutionalism and the Judicialization of Pure Politics Worldwide_ , 75 FORDHAM L. REV. 721, 752 (2006); Richard Albert, _Why Judicial Review: A Preliminary Typology of Scholarly Arguments_ , INT'L J. CONST. L. BLOG, Mar. 25, 2013, http://www.iconnectblog.com/2013/03/why-judicial-review. _See_ Bond v. United States, 131 S. Ct. 2355, 2367 (2011); Alden v. Maine, 527 U.S. 706, 736 (1999); _and compare_ Nat'l League of Cities v. Usery, 426 U.S. 833 (1976) _with_ Garcia v. San Antonio Metro. Transit Auth., 469 U.S. 528 (1985). _Cf._ Paulsen, _Rules for Its Own Interpretation_ , _supra_ note 73. Stern v. Marshall, 131 S. Ct. 2594 (2011); Arizona Christian Sch. Tuition Org. v. Winn, 131 S. Ct. 1436 (2011); _and cf._ McDonald v. City of Chicago, 130 S. Ct. 3020, 3095n (2010) (Stevens, J., dissenting). U.S. CONST., art. I, sec. 2, par. 3. U.S. CONST., art. II, sec. 1,pars. 2–4. U.S. CONST., Amends. XIII, XIV, XV, XIX, XXIV and XXVI. CHARLES L. BLACK, JR., STRUCTURE AND RELATIONSHIP IN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW (Louisiana State Univ. Press 1969); _and see_ Bobbitt, _Constitutional Fate_ , _supra_ note 21, 58 TEX L. REV. at 721–25. _See_ Wesberry v. Sanders, 376 U.S. 1, 8 (1964). United States v. Carolene Products Co., 304 U.S. 144, 152n. 4 (1938). BLACK, STRUCTURE AND RELATIONSHIP, _supra_ note 99. Stephen E. Gottlieb, _Introduction: Overriding Public Values_ , _in_ PUBLIC VALUES IN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW 1 (Univ. Michigan Press, Stephen E. Gottlieb, ed. 1993). Abraham Lincoln, Gettysburg Address, Nov. 19, 1863. _See_ JAMES KENT, COMMENTARIES ON AMERICAN LAW, vol. 2, at 338 (Blackstone Publishing Co., William M. Lacy, ed. 1889); SIR EDWARD COKE, THE REPORTS OF SIR EDWARD COKE, vol. 6, at 280 (J. Butterworth and Son, John Henry Thomas and John Farquhar Fraser, eds. 1826); CHARLES VINER, A GENERAL ABRIDGMENT OF LAW AND EQUITY, ALPHABETICALLY DIGESTED UNDER PROPER TITLES; WITH NOTES AND REFERENCES TO THE WHOLE, vol. 15, at 534–35 (G. G. J. & J. Robinson, 1793); American Print Works v. Lawrence, 21 N.J. Law. (3 Zab.) 248, 258–59 (1847); Respublica v. Sparhawk, 1 U.S. (Dal.) 357, 362–63 (Pa. 1788). Alexander Hamilton, _The Vindication [of the funding system] No. III_ , _in_ SELECTED WRITINGS AND SPEECHES OF ALEXANDER HAMILTON 331, 333 (American Enterprise Inst. for Pub. Pol'y Research, Morton J. Frisch, ed. 1985). WOOD, CREATION OF THE AMERICAN REPUBLIC, _supra_ note 46, esp. the final chapter, _The Federalist Science of Politics_. Kathleen Sullivan, _Categorization, Balancing and Government Interests_ , in PUBLIC VALUES IN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW, _supra_ note 103, at 241. For the previous Court, see GOTTLIEB, MORALITY IMPOSED, _supra_ note10, at 29. On trying to build

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�漫漫涯涘。沒湫湫名溺沍涸名漫漶潦潦。 Cao's rhapsody insistently repeats one radical, thus luring the readerly mind away from the automatic connection between shape and meaning toward a graphic appreciation. Through repetition, it seems to achieve an analytical apperception, a pattern recognition on the level of character elements, and not, as in the normal reading process, on the level of the overall gestalt of a character that a reader then connects to a memory of meaning and sound. Cao's text displays a graphic variation of Roman Jakobson's definition of the poetic function of language: the application of paradigmatic criteria on a syntagmatic level. According to Jakobson, poetic word choice is dictated by contiguity with other signs, through either similarity or contrast. This becomes especially visible in the structural features of highly regulated literary forms, for instance, meter, rhyme, or alliteration in poetry. Jakobson's theory of the poetic function of language, developed in the cultural context of a phonetic script, tends to highlight phonetic repetition or contrast. However, Jakobson's theory is equally valid from a graphic point of view. In the context of sinographic texts, attention to graphic as well as phonetic repetition makes particular sense, because the modular character of the sinographs allows for the repetition of components on the level of the written sign in contrast to alphabetic or other phonetic scripts. What might be a largely unconscious process in the creation of Chinese texts, namely, that character choice is prompted by previously selected characters with similar elements or, on a phonetic level, similar pronunciation, comes to the forefront as a visible strategy in Cao's radical design. Cao's work draws attention to the materiality of language, illustrating with zeal (and some exaggeration) Roman Jakobson's definition of the poetic function of language, namely, the influence of syntagmatic combination on the selection of words or, in Cao's case, single characters. But the radical that Cao's rhapsody underlines stands out from other (sino)graphic components: not only does it have a meaning-bearing function, but it also turns out to be mimetic in character—after all, the three dots, or drops, of the radical visualize the idea of water and invoke the "view" or "contemplation" of the waves that the title promises. In other words, radical sinographic design, such as the repetition of radicals in Cao's text, can foreground a very limited aspect of the _techne_ of character construction, one that, though potentially analytical, might ultimately return to a mimetic myth of Chinese writing in a slightly updated form. Another type of experiment with the components of the graphic system of Chinese achieves its cultural anchorage by emphasizing meaning as well as _graphe_. This is the case in experiments that have a neographic, rather than a pseudographic, thrust; they avail themselves of ideographic principles to craft new characters whose meaning—though not part of the lexicalized vocabulary—is easy to guess. For instance, the mainland poet Yang Lian 楊煉 uses a neograph as the title of one of his most famous works, the long poem _Yi_ , published in 1989, a kind of _Yijing_ 易經 ( _Book of Changes_ ) for our times. Yang Lian himself calls the title of the work, _Yi_ , a "noncharacter" ( _wu zi zhi zi_ , 無字之字), and likens it on several occasions to Xu Bing's pseudographs. Unlike Xu Bing's graphic experiment, Yang Lian's newly crafted Chinese character is not devoid of meaning. Instead, the poet takes great pains to lexicalize it. The graph comes with its own pronunciation ( _yi_ ) and tone (first tone), as the poet indicates carefully at the beginning of his text, both in Pinyin transcription and in the older method of transliteration through two Chinese characters, in which the first indicates sound and the second tone, which is used mainly in commentaries on classical texts. Consisting of two pictographs, "人" ( _ren_ , "human being") and "日" ( _ri_ , "sun"), in a style reminiscent of ancient Chinese seal script, Yang's title combines two character (which are also radicals) to form a new one. As the connection of heaven and man, Yang Lian's _yi_ forms a counterpart to the _yi_ 易 of the _Yijing_. _Yi_ in the title of the classic is most commonly translated as "change," but its exegetes also point to the pictographic substratum of the character: a combination of "日" and "勿" (as an alternative form of _wu_ 物 or "animated thing"). Rather than a radical commentary on Chinese writing, Yang Lian's neographic intervention uses ideography, the combination of two pictographs, one of the six ways of character formation, the _liu shu_ 六書. The creative resources of the sinographic script subtly reinforce the meaning of the work as a whole: a repositioning of man in the universe. Rather than challenging the sinographic regime and its tradition, Yang Lian's neographic character displays the adaptability of Chinese writing, its openness to new meanings and ideas. By drawing on the Chinese tradition of the commentary, with its set ways of defining rare words, applied here to a neographism, Yang Lian's textual move inscribes itself within the long tradition of Chinese culture. However, by aligning himself with Xu Bing's graphic experiments, Yang Lian also advocates for a flexible, not slavish, use of Chinese tradition in order to enlarge its textual archive and enrich its sinographic medium. Whereas Yang Lian desires his "noncharacter" to be readable and goes to great lengths to achieve this, the Taiwanese poet Chen Li 陳黎 engages in a poetic reflection on the unreadability of pseudographs. One of the poems of his collection _Light/Slow_ ( _Qing/man_ 輕/慢), published in 2009, "A Difficult Poem That Is Easy to Read" ("Yi shou rongyi du de nan shi" 一首容易讀的難詩) contains four lines of cryptic characters. At first glance, Chen Li's strange characters seem to exhibit their unreadability. Chen Li had created the pseudographic text first in his earlier collection _Worries and Freedom Well-Tempered_ ( _Kunao yu ziyou de pingjunlü_ 苦惱與自由的平均律) where it had appeared on its own, just designated as "A Love Poem" ("Qingshi" 情詩). Now, the last lines of the text are recontextualized, imagined as an opaque Chinese poem cherished by Pindar, the famously difficult poet of Greek antiquity: He liked to read a Chinese poem called "Love Poem" because this poem, so they say, was equally difficult to read irrespective of if it was translated into Greek or not At face value, the poem's new frame, especially with its reference to Pindar, emphasizes the strange link between pseudographs and translation. Since these signs are "fake," they are not in need of translation; they are as cryptic to native readers of Chinese as to somebody who reads and writes in ancient Greek, such as Pindar. As in the case of Xu Bing's _A Book from the Sky_ , the opacity of pseudographic text transcends the limits of specific languages and is thus universal. However, Chen Li's poem presents such a translation as an actual possibility, even though, of course, the absence of meaning, or the fact that meaning is transferred to graphic form, makes these signs unique to their specific script. These look-alike characters on the one hand do not need translation, but on the other are untranslatable, since no adequate way of translating, or, indeed, transgraphing, pseudo-Chinese into pseudo-Greek exists. For Chen Li, pseudographs cannot simply signify the absence of signification or the impossibility of translation. The very gesture of framing part of the former stand-alone text of "A Love Poem" in a subsequent work almost remedies an earlier oversight, or else embodies a sustained manipulation of the reader. In _Light/Slow_ , a part of Chen Li's poems that are commentaries on individual Chinese characters is dedicated to glossing some of the supposedly inexistent Chinese signs from "A Love Poem" and "A Difficult Poem That Is Easy to Read," even supplying information on their voicing in his notes to the poems. After presenting these Chinese characters to readers as supposedly unintelligible sinographics, Chen Li provides them with meaning and cultural context: many of these signs turn out to be rare characters or to belong to the vocabulary of regions or ethnicities at the margins of Chinese culture. Irrespective of the facticity or fiction of these glosses, they open up the system of the Chinese script once we can read these signs (or imagine that we are reading them) not simply as spurious play that merely reactivates the rules of character construction, but as the possibility of other uses of sinographic material at the margins of a linguistic system and its norms. In Chen Li's poem, graphic experimentation ultimately returns to the question of meaning, especially to the question of the connection between cultural meaning and graphic form.

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membrane than those from active colonies located farther to the south at Adélie Cove and Inexpressible Island at Terra Nova Bay (ANOVA, *F*~3~ = 41.8, *p* \< 0.001; [table 2](#RSOS172032TB2){ref-type="table"} and [figure 3](#RSOS172032F3){ref-type="fig"}). There was no difference in *δ*^15^N values between Cape Adare and Cape Hallett, or between Adélie Cove and Inexpressible Island. No differences in *δ*^13^C values occurred among all four sites (ANOVA, *F*~3~ = 1.2, *p* \> 0.32). Figure 3.Mean *δ*^13^C and *δ*^15^N isotope values from modern Adélie penguin egg membrane collected from four active penguin colonies in the Ross Sea. Samples from Cape Adare were collected in January 2005; all other samples were collected in January 2016. Error bars are one standard deviation. See the electronic supplementary material, table S1 for raw data. Table 2.Mean ± s.d. of stable isotope results of modern Adélie penguin egg membrane from four breeding colonies in the northern to central Ross Sea, Antarctica. (For each set of isotope values, shared letters (in superscript) indicate no significant differences in means (one-way ANOVA, *F*~3~ = 1.2, *p* \< 0.32 for *δ*^13^C, *F*~3~ = 41.8, *p* \< 0.001 for *δ*^15^N).)location*Nδ*^13^C (‰)*δ*^15^N (‰)Cape Adare5−25.0 ± 0.55^A^9.2 ± 0.38^A^Cape Hallett20−24.6 ± 0.55^A^9.1 ± 0.40^A^Adélie Cove15−24.6 ± 0.98^A^10.2 ± 0.27^B^Inexpressible Island21−24.3 ± 1.04^A^10.0 ± 0.30^B^ 4.. Discussion {#s4} ============== Our results suggest that Cape Adare, first occupied by breeding penguins at approximately 2000 BP \[[@RSOS172032C7]\] follows an expected colonization pattern with Ridley Beach completely occupied by approximately 1200 BP and remaining so today. Colonization of the upper terrace began by approximately 1700 BP with the most distant colonies to the south on this terrace occupied by approximately 1200 BP (based on median ages, [table 1](#RSOS172032TB1){ref-type="table"}), with at least some remaining active until approximately 800 BP. The relative brief occupation of these sites also is suggested by their relatively shallow (one level, or 5--8 cm) ornithogenic soils. Only the northern edge of this terrace overlooking Ridley Beach remains occupied today. Numerous other abandoned pebble mounds were located on the upper terrace at Cape Adare, but ground time was too limited in 2016 for additional sampling. We believe all of these sites, owing to their similar appearance on the surface, were colonized during the same sequence of occupation as S1--S5. If so, the large area of occupation on this terrace (approx. 0.78 km^2^, or similar to area on Ridley Beach at 0.80 km^2^; [figure 2](#RSOS172032F2){ref-type="fig"}) is conservatively estimated to have supported an additional approximately 200 000 breeding pairs of Adélie penguins at peak occupation. Thus Cape Adare, though currently one of the largest Adélie penguin colonies in Antarctica, was possibly up to twice as large by approximately 1200 BP than it is today and consisted of approximately 500 000 breeding pairs at that time. We hypothesize that this 'supercolony' (a penguin colony with greater than 500 000 nests) underwent continuous growth after initial colonization at approximately 2000 BP until approximately 800 BP when it began declining to its present size. What factors were driving the increase in this penguin 'supercolony' during this period? Other events in the Ross Sea at that time may help explain this hypothesized growth at Cape Adare. From 4000 to 2000 BP, the Scott Coast as well as other locations on Beaufort and Franklin Island were occupied by breeding penguins during a warm period known as the penguin 'optimum' \[[@RSOS172032C7],[@RSOS172032C11],[@RSOS172032C12]\]. The Scott Coast was completely abandoned after 3000--2000 BP, with the youngest site at Marble Point ([figure 1](#RSOS172032F1){ref-type="fig"}), probably owing to a cooling period that caused increased fast ice that blocked access to beaches along this coastline, preventing penguins from breeding there \[[@RSOS172032C12]\]. This fast ice in western McMurdo Sound persists well into the summer months today and the Scott Coast has remained abandoned by breeding penguins to the present. We hypothesize that colonization at Cape Adare began as the Scott Coast was being abandoned by approximately 2000 BP, signifying a large-scale movement of breeding penguins from the southern to the northern Ross Sea. Further, upwelling of Circumpolar Deep Water in the northern Ross Sea from the continental shelf break has maintained open water in the Ross Sea polynya near Cape Adare, along with the high marine productivity at the marginal ice zone \[[@RSOS172032C13],[@RSOS172032C14]\]. The northern Ross Sea and associated polynya have provided and continue to support large swarms of krill that in turn support large populations of breeding penguins that currently occur at Cape Adare, Cape Hallett (61 160 nests) and Coulman Island (19 437 nests) \[[@RSOS172032C6]\]. Though Cape Adare has been ice-free for thousands of years \[[@RSOS172032C15]\], Ridley Beach may not have been accessible to breeding penguins prior to 2000 BP owing to its low elevation, causing it to be either submerged at slightly higher sea level or too exposed to storm surges in the warming phase of the penguin optimum. Once the beach did become accessible, it was able to support increasing numbers of breeding penguins, especially with development of the higher-elevation ornithogenic mounds that currently transect the beach. Though the upper terrace could have been occupied prior to 2000 BP, older ornithogenic deposits have yet to be discovered and additional investigation is warranted. Stable isotope data also indicate that penguins at Cape Hallett and Cape Adare presently feed significantly more on krill than fishes, as indicated by lower *δ*^15^N values in egg membrane from these sites compared to similar samples from active colonies in the Terra Nova Bay and southern Ross Sea regions. Although the sample size of modern egg membrane from Cape Adare is small (*n* = 5), these results support an earlier study on modern penguin eggshell *δ*^13^C and *δ*^15^N from colonies in the southern Ross Sea compared with Cape Hallett to the north that indicated a more krill-based diet at this latter site \[[@RSOS172032C16]\]. While these studies on eggshell and membrane only represent diet of female penguins prior to egg laying, other dietary studies at modern and ancient colonies support these dietary differences between northern and southern colonies in the Ross Sea. For example, investigation of Adélie penguin diet at Cape Hallett, based on stomach flushing and contents \[[@RSOS172032C17]\], found that these penguins feed largely on krill during the guard stage of chick-rearing and prey increasingly on fishes as the season progresses. Satellite tracking of foraging penguins also revealed that most move to the continental shelf break. Moreover, stable isotope analyses of ancient penguin guano also suggest a diet based more on fishes in the southern Ross Sea during the Holocene \[[@RSOS172032C18]\] that persists with colonies on Ross Island today (colonies at Cape Royds, Bird and Crozier, [figure 1](#RSOS172032F1){ref-type="fig"}) \[[@RSOS172032C19]\]. Prey remains and otoliths from ornithogenic soils excavated at abandoned colonies on Ross Island also indicate that Antarctic silverfish (*Pleuragramma antarcticum*) has been a major component of penguin diet there for at least the past millennium \[[@RSOS172032C20]\]. Given the high marine productivity and krill availability in the northern Ross Sea today, which factors caused a decline in penguins at Cape Adare after the 'supercolony' reached its maximum extent by approximately 1200 BP? We have no explanation for this decline except that it was probably associated with changes in wind patterns, air temperatures, and the size of the Ross Sea polynya that ultimately affected marine productivity \[[@RSOS172032C21]\]. Alterations of this nature have caused total breeding failure, lowered chick production and high mortality events in Adélie penguins in the Ross Sea and East Antarctica \[[@RSOS172032C22],[@RSOS172032C23]\] and continuing impacts over geological time could result in colony decline or abandonment. The relatively brief occupation indicated by the shallow ornithogenic soils that characterizes S4--S5 on the upper terrace supports this conclusion. Ridley Beach remains fully occupied at Cape Adare today, but the beach remains

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paused pointing at the quaint green stone. "What call you that, musician?" The _rebeck_ player paused also, keeping his eyes downward submissively. "They call it smagdarite, Excellence. It comes from Sinde." "Sinned or no sin," echoed Birbal gaily, "the devil is in it. But 'tis a good name. Pass on Smagdarite! Stay"--here the old man half-hidden by his drum essayed to follow--"whom have we here? Old Deena the drum-banger! In what vile stew of Satanstown didst spend the night, villain?" Thus apostrophised, Deena's comically wicked, leering, old face hid itself completely in a salaam behind the drum, and came up again puckered with pure mischief. "That is a question for the virtuous Lord Chamberlain, Mirza Ibrahim," he replied, demurely. The sally was greeted with a boisterous laugh, and Mirza Ibrahim--whose fine clothes dispersed a perfect atmosphere of musk--scowled fiercely. For Satanstown, as ultimate exile of all the bad characters of the city was in his charge, and report had it that he pursued his duty of inspection with more than usual assiduity. "Sit thou here then, by Smagdarite," continued Birbal, recovering from his laugh, "and drum from a distance, lest thou be utterly damned for deserting honourable company. Hark! she begins!" Atma had by this time sunk to the ground beside the King. Her flimsy scarlet skirts curved about her like overblown poppy petals. Her dark eyes, full of fire, were fixed on the unconscious figure so close beside her, and, under the slow circling of her lissome forefinger the little drum held in her left hand was beginning to give out an indescribably mysterious sound like the first faint sobbing of air before an organ pipe breaks into a note. From the distance, almost unheard, came the muffled throbbing of old Deena's drum, and the thin thread of the _rebeck_, light yet insistent like a summer gnat; both kept to the same stern delicacy of rhythm. The singer's voice, high and clear, rose on it almost aggressively-- Hark! and hist! To the list Of the kings who have died In their pride, To the wide, wide, world. MIRUN-KHAN! Lo! He dreamt he was King! But he died In his pride To the wide, wide, world. SO HIS SON SULIMAN Dreamt the dreamings of kings Till he died In his pride To the wide, wide, world. SO THE DREAM WAS JEHAN'S! And he dreamt he was king Till he died In his pride To the wide, wide, world. The rhythmic background broke with the singing voice into troubled triplets, and the King's slack hands gripped in on themselves. Was he listening? Now the tale of the Kings who have died In their pride Is many, and many beside. But the dream is the same, So it came---- The pliant forefinger's whirling gave out a continuous boom like distant thunder amongst hills. Deena's drum throbbed a _reveille_, the _rebeck_ thrilled like a cicala-- TO KUMAN And he dreamt he was King In the wide, wide, world---- "Enough!" The word came swiftly as Akbar turned with a frown. "The end, woman? The end?" There was a pause; then from the very dust of his feet rose her reply: "There is none to the dreaming of kings!" "There is none--to the dreaming--of kings," he echoed slowly, and his eyes scanned her face curiously as he raised her from the ground. "Who art thou, woman?" he asked suddenly; then as suddenly dropped the hands he held, and said coldly: "Give her gold for her song." But once more a fresh feeling came to make him add: "Nay! not gold--let her choose her own reward--what wouldst thou, sister?" His face, grown soft as a woman's, looked sympathetically into hers; she stood before him abashed by the quick tie that seemed to have sprung up between them, unable to realise the chance that was hers. "Quick step!" cried Man Singh brutally. "See you not the Most-Gracious waits? What shall it be? Gold, fal-lals, dresses--the things for which women sell their souls?" She turned on him like a queen. "The women who nurture such heroes as Rajah Man Singh mayhap so sell them; but I----" here her recognition of opportunity swept trivialities before it, she drew herself up to her full height and faced both King and court, her voice ringing like a clarion. "I claim my father's office!" she cried. "Listen, O King-of-Kings! He gave you faithful service when you came to take the crown of India. What to him was Hindu or Mahommedan? He was the King's herald! Akbar was the King! His eldest son--my brother--died to save the honour of the Rajput chief he served before you came! And little Heera--son of his old age, begot _for you_, died ere his baby tongue had ceased to trip in challenging the world--_for you!_ Lo! I have kissed the words to steadiness upon his childish lips when father grew impatient! Why was I not the son? Hid in this dustlike body lies the spirit of my race. Is it my fault that in the dark months of my mother's womb, Fate made me woman, as she made you man? Give me my father's office, O my King, and if my tongue forgets one word of all my father's lore, or if I fail in guarding the King's honour, treat me as woman then--but not till then." The dying fall of her words left the court amazed, almost affronted. Here was a claim indeed! A claim foreign to the whole conservative fabric of Eastern society--which heaven knows had already suffered shock enough at the King's reforming hands! But Akbar took no heed of the looks around him; he was deep in that problem of Sex which was one of the many to claim his quick interest at all times. "The spirit of thy race is in thee, sure enough, O sister," he said slowly. "Manhood is in the woman, as womanhood is in the man--do I not know the latter to my cost? So take thy gift. Thou art the King's Charan from this day. But hearken! If thou failest in thy task, I treat thee not as woman--but as man." He turned away, dismissing her with an autocratic wave from sight, even from thought. "Ushers!" he went on, raising his voice in command, "Sound the advance! I go. And my Lord Chamberlain, bid the travelling Englishmen attend me in the Diwani-Khas. Abul! your arm; I would speak with you about this queen--this woman who has stretched her hand out over the seas to meet mine." He gave a quick joyous laugh and stretched out his own--the true Eastern hand, small, fine, but with a grip as of wrought iron in its slender, flexible fingers. "By God and his prophets I seem to feel it here--a woman's hand close clasped to mine." A fanfaronade of trumpets, shawms, and drums drowned his words, as with a waving of plumes, a blinding glitter of gold and jewels, the royal cortege of Akbar the Magnificent swept on its way. "One moment!" cried Birbal to Man Singh who awaited him impatiently, "I must find Smagdarite first." But both the _rebeck_ player and Atma Devi had gone. Only old Deena remained drumming softly; a fitting accompaniment to the murmurs which rose around him, as the immediate _entourage_ of the King disappeared. "Yet one more insult to Islam," muttered the Makhdum-ul'-mulk spitting fiercely ere he spoke. "And to honest men!" asserted a jealous old Turk who was suspicioned of having drowned more than one young wife on the sly, "for what is woman but ultimate deceit and guile?" "What?" echoed one whose calling could best be described as court-pand

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are reachable, so yeah, more urgent things to fix first <jeffrey_f> Trying to add my private key to Launchpad. Although I can find my PubKey on the hkp ubuntu server by email, I can't find it by fingerprint. Any ideas? <wgrant> jeffrey_f: Which fingerprint are you trying? <jeffrey_f> 4C69 9D45 A24B 3BD0 2AF4 8BA0 6097 40B9 12A4 5CAB <wgrant> And what's the email address? <jeffrey_f> [email protected] <wgrant> jeffrey_f: I see that key when I search for 0x4C699D45A24B3BD02AF48BA0609740B912A45CAB <wgrant> http://keyserver.ubuntu.com/pks/lookup?op=vindex&search=0x4C699D45A24B3BD02AF48BA0609740B912A45CAB&fingerprint=on <jeffrey_f> Yes, but launchpad is saying it can't import the key <jeffrey_f> any news? <stgraber> the server in the critical path for GPG is booting up now <jeffrey_f> OK <wgrant> And PPAs and codehosting are mostly back. <jeffrey_f> how long does that usually take, just curious <wgrant> jeffrey_f: There's no "usually", unfortunately; we're routing power between cabinets to get the remaining servers re-powered. <jeffrey_f> ah. So I should try in the morning then? <rickhull1> my guess is booting servers that have had power restored takes a few minutes. verification, undoing previous triage things, re-establishing clusters, shared storage, discovering faults in less-than-critical-paths â these things can take hours <jeffrey_f> Yep, I'll try in the AM. Thanks! <wgrant> There's only a couple of bits left still broken, but it's not clear how long those will take. <jeffrey_f> ok. Thanks for the help! <arun> hi guys , I wanted to host my codes in launchpad , how can I do that ?? <arun_> hello guys , anyone there ., please help me for adding my codes in Launchpad !!! <arun_> ajmitch: hello !!! <StevenK> arun_: I suggest you read the topic, we can't help you right now, due to it. <arun_> StevenK: oh sorry bro <rickhull1> arun_: https://code.launchpad.net/ but there was a recent outage and not all services may be up * wgrant changed the topic of #launchpad to: Launchpad is an open source project: https://dev.launchpad.net/ | This channel is logged: http://irclogs.ubuntu.com/ | User Guide: https://help.launchpad.net/ | Support: https://answers.launchpad.net/launchpad <arun_> wgrant: good to hear <arun_> rickhull1: so, how do a do ??? <arun_> rickhull1: please help me <rickhull1> 1. now is a particularly bad time, because things may not be working normally <rickhull1> 2. check the docs <rickhull1> personally, i've never been involved in code hosting with launchpad <rickhull1> arun_: are you familiar with github? <arun_> rickhull1: yes , I have github repo , and I am wanting to translate my software into other languages !!!, so. please help me <rickhull1> according to https://twitter.com/launchpadstatus things should be working normally now <rickhull1> arun_: ok, well the choice of hosting on launchpad or github has nothing to do with the software language <arun_> rickhull1: I mean, I wanted to localize my software <rickhull1> gotcha <rickhull1> that seems like a completely separate problem from where to host your software <arun_> rickhull1: yaa., the main thing is to localize or translate my software !!! <rickhull1> it's a tough problem, for sure <rickhull1> i don't see how hosting your code on launchpad versus anywhere else accomplishes that goal <arun_> rickhull1: lol, so any ways for the localization <rickhull1> i might be misunderstanding the power of launchpad code hosting, but i think it's something that needs to be worked out in the code, not the hosting <wgrant> arun_: Have you read through https://help.launchpad.net/Translations/YourProject? <wgrant> You don't have to use Launchpad Codehosting to use Launchpad Translations. <wgrant> You can upload translation templates directly. <wgrant> But you first need to have translation support in your code. <arun_> wgrant: yaa, I have the pot file <arun_> wgrant: so , whats the next ?? <wgrant> arun_: https://help.launchpad.net/Translations/YourProject/ImportingTemplates <arun_> wgrant: bro, I can't figure out there is no for pot , there is only git, bazaar, ...,etc <wgrant> arun_: Where are you looking <wgrant> ? <arun_> wgrant: where u told <wgrant> "or manually upload .pot files using the web interface. " <wgrant> click the Translations tab on your project, then select a series. You'll see an option in the bottom right to upload a file directly. <arun_> wgrant: bro manual synchronize?] <wgrant> arun_: That's the one <arun_> wgrant: ok , I am downloading that file from my git repo <arun_> wgrant: I just uploaded but there is no data in the translations page inside my branch <wgrant> arun_: Which project is this? <arun_> launchpad.net/chitwanix/sagarmatha <wgrant> arun_: I've approved the template import, so it should happen in a few minutes. You can see the status of your imports at https://translations.launchpad.net/chitwanix/sagarmatha/+imports <arun_> wgrant: thank u very much, but the language I am going to translate into is Tharu not Nepali <wgrant> arun_: Chitwania Tharu aka. 'the'? <arun_> wgrant: I can't understand what u are saying <wgrant> arun_: Tharu is a family of languages with several dialects, each with a distinct language code. <wgrant> https://answers.launchpad.net/launchpad/+faq/23 describes the process for adding a new language to Launchpad <arun_> wgrant: og <arun_> wgrant: brother, the lanuage is related to Nepali with the writing letters same as Nepali but the Name must be Tharu <arun_> wgrant: so, we need to get verified for an ISO <wgrant> arun_: There are already ISO 639-3 codes for several Tharu languages <wgrant> See the bottom right of http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tharu_language <arun_> wgrant: oh yaa, so, how can I get that , its Chitwania <wgrant> So http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=the? <arun_> wgrant: bro, then how do I add the language in launchpad?? <arun_> wgrant: should I ask in the answer page or what? please give me some idea <wgrant> arun_: You'll need to ask a question on Launchpad Answers, including the language code and plural form information as described at https://answers.launchpad.net/launchpad/+faq/23 <arun_> wgrant: ok <excalibr> is it not possible to make your ppa only available to you? <wgrant> excalibr: Private PPAs are a commercial feature. <excalibr> oh i see. then what is that "publish" option in ppa <excalibr> ppa page* <wgrant> It's not useful to you unless you already know why you need to use it. It prevents the packages from being published to ppa.launchpad.net where apt can see them. <wgrant> The PPA remains public on the launchpad.net web UI. <arun_> wgrant: will be verified soon ? <wgrant> arun_: You need to provide plural form information before we can set up the language. Have you read through

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2592 ]

Using the Full Counting Statistics we computed the electronic current versus internal and external bias and reproduced electron-phonon-induced features such as oscillations versus the internal bias and signatures of Franck-Condon blockade. We stress that the description of this rich dynamics required only the four states of the double quantum dot to be taken into account dynamically. We have found that the dephasing rate of coherences in the pointer basis behaves in some regimes counter-intuitively as a function of the electron-phonon coupling strength. A simple intuitive explanation for this behaviour is that the Franck-Condon blockade stabilizes coherences, thereby also blocking transport through the DQD circuit. The analysis of the entropy production in the polaron master equation has allowed us to study the performance of the system when viewed as a thermoelectric generator converting a temperature gradient into electric power. We have found that in the strong-coupling regime, the system deviates strongly from tight-coupling between energy and matter current, and consequently, the efficiency for this process was found to be significantly below Carnot efficiency. Finally, we want to mention that our method can be generalized to more complex systems and thus allows applications in a variety of transport setups involving phonons such as molecules. Acknowledgments =============== T. B. and G. S. gratefully acknowledge financial support by the DFG (SFB 910, GRK 1588, SCHA ). M. E. has been supported by the National Research Fund, Luxembourg, in the frame of project . Polaron transformation {#App:PolaronTrafo} ====================== We consider the polaron transformation $$\begin{aligned} U=e^{{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger {d_{\rm L}}\mathcal{B}_{\rm L}+{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger {d_{\rm R}}\mathcal{B}_{\rm R}}\,,\end{aligned}$$ with the fermionic annihilation operators $d_\sigma$ and the bosonic operators $$\begin{aligned} \mathcal{B}_\sigma=\sum_q\left(\frac{h^\ast_{q,\sigma}}{\omega_q}a_q^\dagger-\frac{h_{q,\sigma}}{\omega_q}a_q\right)\end{aligned}$$ with bosonic annihilation operators $a_q$. To calculate the transformation rules, we recall the BCH relation $$\begin{aligned} e^X Y e^{-X}&=&\sum^\infty_{n=0}\frac{1}{n!}{{\left[X,Y\right]}}_n\,,\end{aligned}$$ with the short-hand notation ${{\left[X,Y\right]}}_{n+1}={{\left[X,{{\left[X,Y\right]}}_n\right]}}$ and ${{\left[X,Y\right]}}_0=Y$. We first note that the exponential in the polaron transformation can be written in a separated fashion $$\begin{aligned} U&=&e^{{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger{d_{\rm L}}\mathcal{B}_{\rm L}}e^{{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}\mathcal{B}_{\rm R}}e^{-{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger{d_{\rm L}}{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}{{\left[\mathcal{B}_{\rm L},\mathcal{B}_{\rm R}\right]}}/2}{\nonumber\\}&\equiv&U_{\rm L}U_{\rm R}U_{\rm LR}\,,{\nonumber\\}U_{\rm LR}&=&e^{{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger{d_{\rm L}}{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi}\,,{\nonumber\\}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi&\equiv&{{\left[\mathcal{B}_{\rm R},\mathcal{B}_{\rm L}\right]}}/2\,,\end{aligned}$$ where it is easy to show that $\Phi^\ast=\Phi$. Consequently, the adjoint operator is given by $$\begin{aligned} U^\dagger=U^\dagger_{\rm LR}U^\dagger_{\rm R}U^\dagger_{\rm L}\,,\end{aligned}$$ and we note that ${{\left[U_{\rm LR},U_{\rm L}\right]}}={{\left[U_{\rm LR},U_{\rm R}\right]}}=0$. Alternatively, we can also split the unitary transformation according to $$\begin{aligned} U=U_{\rm R}U_{\rm L}U^\dagger_{\rm LR}\,,\quad U^\dagger=U_{\rm LR}U_{\rm L}^\dagger U_{\rm R}^\dagger\,,\end{aligned}$$ where again ${{\left[U_{\rm LR},U_{\rm L}^\dagger\right]}}={{\left[U_{\rm LR},U_{\rm R}^\dagger\right]}}=0$ holds. Left Mode Operators ------------------- We consider the action of the Polaron transformation on the left fermionic annihilation operator $$\begin{aligned} U{d_{\rm L}}U^\dagger&=&U_{\rm L}U_{\rm R}U_{\rm LR}{d_{\rm L}}U^\dagger_{\rm LR}U^\dagger_{\rm R}U^\dagger_{\rm L}=U_{\rm L}U_{\rm LR}{d_{\rm L}}U^\dagger_{\rm LR}U^\dagger_{\rm L}{\nonumber\\}&=&U_{\rm L}{d_{\rm L}}e^{-{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi} U^\dagger_{\rm L}=U_{\rm L}{d_{\rm L}}U^\dagger_{\rm L} e^{-{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi}{\nonumber\\}&=&{d_{\rm L}}e^{-\mathcal{B}_{\rm L}}e^{-{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi} \,.\end{aligned}$$ The left fermionic creation operator then transforms according to $$\begin{aligned} U{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger U^\dagger={d_{\rm L}}^\dagger e^{+\mathcal{B}_{\rm L}}e^{+{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi} \,.\end{aligned}$$ Right Mode Operators -------------------- In a similar fashion, we evaluate the transformation of the right fermionic annihilation operator $$\begin{aligned} U{d_{\rm R}}U^\dagger&=&U_{\rm R}U_{\rm L}U_{\rm LR}^\dagger {d_{\rm R}}U_{\rm LR}U^\dagger_{\rm L}U^\dagger_{\rm R}=U_{\rm R}U_{\rm LR}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}U_{\rm LR}U^\dagger_{\rm R}{\nonumber\\}&=&U_{\rm R}{d_{\rm R}}e^{+{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger{d_{\rm L}}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi} U^\dagger_{\rm R}=U_{\rm R}{d_{\rm R}}U^\dagger_{\rm R} e^{+{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger{d_{\rm L}}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi}{\nonumber\\}&=&{d_{\rm R}}e^{-\mathcal{B}_{\rm R}}e^{+{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger{d_{\rm L}}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi} \,,\end{aligned}$$ and the adjoint operator becomes $$\begin{aligned} U{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger U^\dagger={d_{\rm R}}^\dagger e^{+\mathcal{B}_{\rm R}}e^{-{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger{d_{\rm L}}{\mathrm{i}}\Phi} \,.\end{aligned}$$ Bosonic Operators ----------------- For the bosonic annihilation operator we obtain $$\begin{aligned} U a_q U^\dagger&=&U_{\rm L}U_{\rm R}U_{\rm LR}a_q U^\dagger_{\rm LR}U^\dagger_{\rm R}U^\dagger_{\rm L}=U_{\rm L}U_{\rm R}{d_{\rm L}}U^\dagger_{\rm R}U^\dagger_{\rm L}{\nonumber\\}&=&U_{\rm L}\left[a_q-\frac{h^\ast_{q,\rm R}}{\omega_q}{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}\right] U^\dagger_{\rm L}{\nonumber\\}&=&U_{\rm L}a_q U^\dagger_{\rm L}-\frac{h^\ast_{q,\rm R}}{\omega_q}{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}{\nonumber\\}&=&a_q -\frac{h^\ast_{q,\rm L}}{\omega_q}{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger{d_{\rm L}}-\frac{h^\ast_{q,\rm R}}{\omega_q}{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}\end{aligned}$$ and similarly for the creation operator $$\begin{aligned} U a_q^\dagger U^\dagger=a_q^\dagger -\frac{h_{q,\rm L}}{\omega_q}{d_{\rm L}}^\dagger{d_{\rm L}}-\frac{h_{q,\rm R}}{\omega_q}{d_{\rm R}}^\dagger{d_{\rm R}}\,.\end{aligned}$$ Polaron transformation of the DQD Hamiltonian --------------------------------------------- The total Hamiltonian of the DQD is given by $$\begin{aligned} \mathcal{H} &=& \sum_{k\sigma} \upvarepsilon_{k\sigma} c_{k\sigma}^\dagger c_{k\sigma

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chief who would unite them as Qusayy had united Quraysh, and that there was no other solution to their problem. One of the leading men of the oasis, Abd Allah ibn Ubayy, was favoured by many as a possible king. He had not fought against Aws in the recent conflict but had withdrawn his men on the eve of the battle. He was none the less of Khazraj; and it was exceedingly doubtful whether Aws would be capable of accepting a king who was not of their tribe. The six men of Khazraj delivered the message of Islam to as many of their people as would listen to them; and the next summer, that is, in ad 621, five of them repeated their Pilgrimage, bringing with them seven others, two of whom were of Aws. At'Aqabah, these twelve men pledged themselves to the Prophet, and this pledge is known as the First Aqabah. In the words of one of them: "We pledged our allegiance to the Messenger of God on the night of the First Aqabah, that we would associate nothing with God, that we would neither steal, not commit fornication, nor slay our offspring nor utter slanders; and that we would not disobey him in that which was right. And he said to us: 'If ye fulfil this pledge, then Paradise is yours; and if ye commit one of these sins and then receive punishment for it in this world, that shall serve as expiation. And if ye conceal it until the Day of the Resurrection, then it is for God to punish or forgive, even as He will.' When they left for Yathrib the Prophet sent with them Musab of Abd ad-Dar who had by that time returned from Abyssinia. He was to recite the Koran to them and give them religious instruction. He lodged with As'ad ibn Zurarah, one of the six who had entered Islam the previous year. Mus'ab had also to lead the prayer because, despite their Islam, neither Aws nor Khazraj could yet endure to give one another that precedence. In reference to the practice which had developed in Arabia among the indigent Bedouin, especially in time of famine, of burying unwanted female infants. The rivalry between the descendants of the two sons of Qaylah was of long standing. There had been none the less frequent intermarriages between the two tribes, and as a result of one of these, Asad, the Khazrajite host of Mus'ab, was the first cousin of Sa'd ibn Mu'adh, chief of one of the clans of Aws. Sad strongly disapproved of the new religion. He was therefore angry, yet at the same time embarrassed, to see his cousin Asad together with Musab and some newly converted Muslims sitting one day in a garden in the midst of his people's territory, in earnest conversation with members of his clan. Determined to put an end to such activities, yet not wishing to be involved in any unpleasantness himself, he went to Usayd who was next in authority to himself, and said: "Go thou to these two men who have come to our quarters to make fools of our weaker brethren" - he was no doubt thinking of his younger brother, the now dead lyas, who had been the first man of Yathrib to enter Islam - "and drive them out; and forbid them to come to our quarters again. If Asad were not my kinsman I would save thee this trouble but he is my mother's sister's son, and I can do nothing against him." Usayd took his lance and went and stood over them and said, with as fierce an expression as he could muster: "What bringeth the two of you here, to make fools of our weaker brethren? Leave us, if ye have any care for your lives." Musab looked at him and said gently: "Why not be seated and hear what I have to say? Then, if it please thee, accept it; and if not, keep thyself clear of it." "That is fairly spoken," said Usayd, who liked both the appearance and the manner of the Prophet's envoy; and striking his lance in the ground he sat down beside them. Musab spoke to him about Islam and recited the Koran to him; and Usayd's expression changed, so that those who were present could see Islam in his face from the light that shone in it and the repose that softened it even before he spoke, "How excellent are these words and how beautiful!" he said, when Musab had finished. "What do ye do, if ye wish to enter this rehgion?" They told him that he must wash himself from head to foot in order to be purified, and that he must also purify his garments and then perform the prayer. There was a well in the garden where they were sitting, so he washed himself and purified his garments and testified There is no god but God and Muhammad is the Messenger of God. They showed him how to pray, and he prayed. Then he said: "There is a man behind me who, if he follow you, will be followed without fail by every man of his people, and I will send him to you now." So he went back to his clansmen, and even before he reached them they could see that he was a changed man. "What hast thou done?" said Sa'd. "I spake unto the two men," said Usayd, "and by God I saw no harm in them. But I forbade them to continue and they said: We will do as thou wilt.' "I see thou hast been of no avail," said Sad, taking the lance from his hand and setting off to where the believers were still sitting peacefully in the garden. He remonstrated with his cousin As'ad and upraided him for taking advantage of their kinship. But Musab intervened, speaking to him just as he had spoken to Usayd, whereupon Sa'd agreed to listen to him, and the result Was finally the same. When Sa'd had performed the prayer, he rejoined Usayd and those that were with him and together they went to the assembly of their people. Sa'd addressed them and said: "What know ye of my standing amongst you?" "Thou art our liege lord," they answered, "and the best of us in judgement, and the most auspicious in leadership." "Then I tell you," he said, "I swear I will speak neither to your men nor to your women until ye believe in God and His Messenger." And by nightfall there was no man or woman of his clan who had not entered Islam. Musab stayed with Asad for about eleven months, and many were the people who embraced Islam during that time. Then, when the month of the next Pilgrimage drew near, he returned to Mecca to give tidings to the Prophet of how he had fared among the various clans of Aws and Khazraj. The Prophet knew that the well watered land between two tracts of black stones which he had seen in a vision was Yathrib, and he knew that this time he too would be of the emigrants. Now there were few people in Mecca whom he trusted so much as his aunt by marriage, Umm al-Fadl. He was also certain that his uncle Abbas, although he had not entered Islam, would never betray him and never divulge a secret confided to him. So he told them both that he hoped to go and live in Yathrib and that much depended on the delegation which was expected from the oasis for the coming Pilgrimage. On hearing this, 'Abbas said that he felt it his duty to go with his nephew to meet the delegates and speak with them, and the Prophet agreed. Not long after Musab's departure, some of the Muslims of Yathrib set out upon the Pilgrimage as had been arranged between him and them, in all seventy-three men and two women, hoping to make contact with the Prophet. One of their leaders was a Khazrayite chief named Bara', and during the first days of the journey a preoccupying thought came over him. They were on their way towards Mecca wherein was the House of God, the Kabah, the greatest centre of pilgrimage for the whole of Arabia; and therein was also the Prophet, to whom they were going, and it was there that the Koran had been revealed, and thither their souls were moving ahead of them in aspiration. Was it then right or reasonable, when the time came for prayer, that they should turn their backs on that direction and face towards the north, towards Syria? This may have been more than a mere thought, for Bara' had only a few more months to live, and men who are near to death are sometimes gifted with premonitions. However that may be, he told his companions what was in his mind, whereupon they said that as far as they knew the Prophet was wont to pray towards Syria, that is towards Jerusalem, and they did not wish to differ from him. "I shall pray towards the Kabah," said Bara', and he did so throughout the journey, while all the others continued to pray towards Jerusalem. They remonstrated with him to no avail, except diat when they arrived in Mecca he had some misgivings and he said to Kab ibn Malik, one of his younger clansmen - and one of the more gifted poets of Yathrib: "Son of my brother, let us go to the Messenger of God and ask him about what I did on this journey

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.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatzilla <Gnea> LieZ^: why do you need it? <LieZ^> deluge torrent client :D <enmasse> teq can i copy and paste what you told me to do sudo apt-get install irssi <Gnea> !language | teq <ubottu> teq: Please watch your language and topic to help keep this channel family friendly. <ubunubi> LieZ^: both dbus-x11 and dbus are both in the repo <hiptobecubic> i have ssh'd to another box using the -X flag to enable X11, but how can i start apps and have them show up on the remote display instead of my local display <ubunubi> LieZ^: and installed by default on my system anyway <LieZ^> are they? hold on a sec <teq> enmasse: yes <ra21vi> unop: filename is ${USER}.foo.bar would always be root.foo.bar when executed with sudo <herrmess> enmasse: System->Administration->Synaptic Package Manager-> Search for Privoxy <Shujah> enmasse, tor & privoxy are on ubuntu repos so should work without any tweaking? have you tried installing them <ubunubi> LieZ^: version 1.1.20-1ubuntu2 (for both) <herrmess> Both Privoxy and Tor are there, mark them for install. <enmasse> shuraj im confused on HOW TO install them <enmasse> okay will do herrmess, what i tried was going to the main site for tor and getting it from there <enmasse> what does this mean sudo apt-get install irssi? <teq> hey guys I think i fcked my repository how can i get it back? thanks <ubunubi> teq: we need more details than that <trashguy> enmasse, it istall the irc client irrsi <LieZ^> im getting package-dbus-x11 has no installation candidate? <enmasse> trashguy, i've installed the client where do i find it though? <Shujah> open gnome menu > system > administration > synaptic manager (search for tor) select press apply and so on <teq> ubunubi: packages that should be in the repo are not there <trashguy> enmasse, type irssi <unop> ra21vi, you shouln't call the same script itself, you need to call another script passing the filename as an argument - sorry if that name "myscript" mislead you <ubunubi> LieZ^: are you on an up-to-date hardy intsall? <teq> ubunubi: how can i reconfigure it? <rgb> crimsun: Copy? <LieZ^> ubuntu server my good man <izmeh> man, i'm loving linux <hlfshell> hey guys - trying to advise a friend with clonezilla. anyone know of a repository that has the package for it or am i going to have to walk him through installing it? <zyrorl_> izmeh - id love it more if i could somehow unlock draft-n wireless on it:S <ubunubi> LieZ^: dunno what to tell ya. both of them are showing installed, and in the repo and up to date for me, and i only have the default repo's turned on <perhamlinux> Gnea, are you there? <izmeh> zyrorl_: wish i could help ya <ubunubi> LieZ^: search for x11 and dbus with a space between them, and Name and Description turned on <ubunubi> LieZ^: in synaptic <solexious> [Q] Is there a ubuntu command line program to see the status of a jetdirect printer? <bayden> can movies run on ubuntu <LieZ^> soound like a noob mode, how do i get on synaptic im only used to working with CLI <ubunubi> bayden: sure if you install the correct codecs from mediabuntu <Shaba1> what type of movies bayden <ali__> hey guys <Shaba1> In other words what video formats are you talking about <ubunubi> LieZ^: do you have an X desktop environment setup? <ali__> its me enmasse on irssi <ali__> :D <bayden> well the dark knight <LieZ^> yes im on vnc and ssh now two connections <enmasse> hey im ali on irssi <bayden> a 2 or 3 hour movie <zyrorl_> bayden: if you mean porn yes. <ubunubi> LieZ^: just gksudo synaptic then <Shujah> enmasse had such a french seductive touch to it :( <zyrorl_> if you mean anything else, no it wont work <enmasse> lol <bayden> ooo where can i find tHAT <bayden> =) <bayden> LOL <zyrorl> just do an apt-get install vlc <zyrorl> it'll play anything <bayden> mediabuntu? <lenswipe> terminal keeps crashing when i start it, anyone got ny ideas?? <zyrorl> or mplayer but you'll probably want mplayer-gui as well <lenswipe> ï»¿terminal keeps crashing when i start it, anyone got ny ideas?? <monostone> I love xine <bayden> do i just download it then install it? <lenswipe> ï»¿terminal keeps crashing when i start it, anyone got ny ideas?? <rgb> zyrorl: It's also horrible with subtitle tracks. <zyrorl> or xine <monostone> it plays dvd isos, everything <ubunubi> !patience | lens <ubottu> lens: The people here are volunteers, your attitude should reflect that. Answers are not always available. See http://wiki.ubuntu.com/IrcGuidelines <Shujah> lenswipe, have you edited the terminal profiles <zyrorl> rgb - i speak english... natively so i dont need subs <zyrorl> usually <lenswipe> Shujah: not that i know of... <teq> lenswipe: try sudo aptitude upgrade && update <zyrorl> but yeah vlc's subtitles rendering is horrible <overlordpuppy> Is there a mlt and mlt++ package? <lenswipe> teq: i cant, terminal keeps crashing... <acid2_> Shujah: that doesn't fix the fact that characters overlap with some fonts <ubunubi> lenswipe: you'll probably have to reboot into recovery mode <teq> ctrl+alt+f1 and then do that <rgb> zyrorl: Many English speakers require subtitles to watch certain content. Not every English Speaker watches only video in the English language. <Shaba1> I use vlc <lenswipe> ubunbi: and do what? <Shaba1> though I need to find another dvd burning program for windows <rgb> In my case, yeah I need my subtitles. <Shaba1> I have an old copy of nero vision experss that has seen its best days <lenswipe> ubuntubi: what do i do when im in recovery mode? <zyrorl> rgb: i can also speak portuguese natively, and am fluent in spanish and can understand french and german <LieZ^> ubunubi: must be something wrong with my repos its not showing <zyrorl> :P <zyrorl> i agree though... vlcs subs are pretty poor <rgb> zyrorl: Similar here, English, Dutch, German and French. <ubunubi> lenswipe: i'd assume delete your bash profile <rgb> zyrorl: Speak the first two, understand the latter. <zyrorl> i'm assuming you watch many asian movies? <rgb> zyrorl: Yup. <lenswipe> ubuntubi: and how do i do that? <zyrorl> fair enough <ubunubi> lenswipe:: try alt+f2, sudo gnome-terminal and see if it launches. if it does, it's just a matter of removing your user profile <aesonn> hello, anyone here have any experience using oracle 10g express on ubuntu? <lenswipe> ubuntubi: kk <Shujah> who was asking about the subs ? <rgb> zyrorl: Chinese and Japanese are a bit too hard to learn quickly at sufficient level. <ubunubi> lenswipe:: er gksudo gnome-terminal, sorry <

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<pathelement location="${test.target}" /> </path> First you need to setup where Ant can find the Emma libraries: <path id="emma.lib" > <pathelement location="${emma.dir}/emma.jar" /> <pathelement location="${emma.dir}/emma_ant.jar" /> </path> Then import the task: <taskdef resource="emma_ant.properties" classpathref="emma.lib" /> Then instrument the code: <target name="coverage.instrumentation"> <mkdir dir="${instr.target}"/> <mkdir dir="${coverage}"/> <emma> <instr instrpath="${target}" destdir="${instr.target}" metadatafile="${coverage}/metadata.emma" mode="copy"> <filter excludes="*Test*"/> </instr> </emma>  <path id="test.classpath"> <pathelement location="${instr.target}"/> <path refid="junit.classpath"/> <pathelement location="${emma.dir}/emma.jar"/> </path> </target> Then run a target with the proper VM arguments like: <jvmarg value="-Demma.coverage.out.file=${coverage}/coverage.emma" /> <jvmarg value="-Demma.coverage.out.merge=true" /> Finally generate your report: <target name="coverage.report" depends="coverage.instrumentation"> <emma> <report sourcepath="${source}" depth="method"> <fileset dir="${coverage}" > <include name="*.emma" /> </fileset> <html outfile="${coverage}/coverage.html" /> </report> </emma> </target> Bazooka Candy offers fans a new way to enjoy gummies with the introduction of the new Push Pop Gummy Roll. The one-of-a-kind treat features an innovative dispenser that lets fans push out and tear off a strip of sanded gummy candy and then save the rest to enjoy later. The Push Pop Gummy Roll is available in four of the brand’s best-selling Push Pop flavors: Strawberry, Watermelon, Blue Raspberry, and Berry Blast. Push Pop Gummy Roll joins Bazooka’s lineup of recent gummy innovations, including Ring Pop Gummy Gems and the Baby Bottle Pop Gummy Blast. Look for the new Push Pop Gummy Roll at the checkout in leading retailers nationwide. Image – Bazooka CandyQ: How to create performance counters that are exposed by jmx and accessed via jconsole? How to create performance counters that are exposed by jmx and accessed via jconsole? Say whenever I instantiate a particular object, I increment a counter. I want to expose the counter value so I can view the value in jconsole. How would I go about doing this? A: There's a few steps: Define an MBean interface that exposes your counter. Create an implementation of that interface Register the implementation with the platform MBean server using ManagementFactory.getPlatformMBeanServer().registerMBean(...) Access the MBean from jconsole There are details in the JMX tutorial. Q: Can I run Java or .NET apps on a Windows 8.1 tablet? I've only owned iOS and Android tablets but I am thinking about getting a sub-$200 Windows 8.1 tablet. Mostly for eBay and browsing. But, being a .NET (and Java) developer, I'm interested in running my custom applications on it. Forgive me if this isn't the correct place to ask this but I couldn't find a "Microsoft" site on SE. Anyway, my questions are: 1) Can I just copy my .NET (2.0+) applications over and run them? 2) Assuming I can run "normal" .NET, do I have to use Metro applications or would Winforms, MVC, etc. run as well? 3) Can I run Java applications? Mostly applications built with Tomcat and Spring MVC. 4) Can I play Minecraft?? :-) That's a bonus question. Thanks! A: Assuming an Intel 8.1 tablet (not an RT tablet), then you can run basically anything x86 on it, assuming performance, screen size, finger touch input, etc. are all acceptable. I've run many different things on x86 Windows tablets, including desktop VLC, the Tor Browser bundle, and the PC version of the DirecTV Genie app, all with success. Basically, the fact it's on a tablet doesn't change that it's an x86 Windows PC, just with the tablet form factor. You can look at this as good (my apps run!) or bad (these apps I'm running don't work well in this form factor), but either way, they run. Search form Our View We saw it two years ago in Nokomis when the state’s widening of U.S. 41 crippled businesses, costing them untold amounts in lost sales. Some businesses were so devastated they shut down. Similar effects are feared downtown on Palm Avenue and Main Street and around Five Points over the next several months, as the city begins construction on its new parking garage on Palm and the roundabout at Five Points. Robert and Roberta Turoff, owners of the Golden Apple Dinner Theatre, are particularly worried. They reported last week their phone inquiries dropped 30% soon after stories began appearing in newspapers about the coming construction projects. Their concern prompted the Turoffs to ask the Downtown Improvement District taxing authority for a $144,000 loan to help them through the construction period. The district’s board declined. This is a perplexing issue. Who, if anyone, has an obligation to assist or provide compensation when manmade disruptions such as public road projects or, say, the construction of a high-rise adversely affect businesses? For natural disasters and disruptions, businesses can and do purchase business-interruption insurance. It’s costly, and in most instances, it wouldn’t make economic sense to carry such insurance as a safeguard against public works or condo-construction projects. Nonetheless, losing business at the restaurants and retailers on lower Main Street between Pineapple and Palm Avenues and along the 1300 block of N. Palm Avenue is real. The latter is expected to be closed for a month. Should they be compensated? That would seem fair. Indeed, one of the fundamentals of private-property rights is that your neighbor has no right to harm you. But once you entertain the idea of providing compensation because of construction, you enter the dangerous arena of subsidies — who gets them and how much? What a nightmare. As one developer told us, there is also this: If, say, the city provides a financial subsidy to the affected businesses, shouldn’t the city also share in the profits that result from the benefits of the public improvements? Meanwhile, the Downtown Improvement District will offer a valet-parking service for the affected areas, and it is considering a media campaign to encourage consumers to continue to shope and dine downtown during the construction. Look at the summer projects as a time of need. We need our downtown businesses and want them to survive. During this period of difficulty, let’s show them our support. BOXApril Fools' AliensIf you were fooled by our April Fools’ spoofs last week, check out this story from last week’s London Telegraph: The Al Ghad newspaper published a front-page article claiming a UFO landing near the desert town of Jafr. The report said the aliens lit up the whole town, interrupted communications and sent fearful residents streaming into the streets. Jafr’s mayor, Mohammed Mleihan, was fooled by the paper’s prank and sent security authorities in search of the aliens. “Students didn’t go to school, their parents were frightened, and I almost evacuated the town’s 13,000 residents,” he said. “People were scared that aliens would attack them.” A Jordanian security official, speaking on condition of anonymity, said an emergency plan was almost enacted in Jafr. Mleihan said he may sue the daily for its “big lie” but added that the paper had called to apologize for the inconvenience caused by the joke. Al Ghad’s managing editor, Moussa Barhoumeh, tried to defuse the situation, saying the report has been “blown out of proportion.”Q: JQuery and PHP for dynamically created elements Can somebody pls help me? I'm currently working on a dynamic website. I have 2 navigations points and I have a video window on the right side. By clicking on one navigation point the respective video should appear in the video window. The problem is: my navigation list will be created dynamically and the video appearance as well (in this case the urls videos will be embedded from Youtube). Here is my PHP code where the

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a recent article penned by Yazhu Ling, Lead Image Quality Engineer at Essential. The Essential Phone features a dual rear cameraEssential Products In the article, Ling details the Essential Phone’s camera hardware and then goes on to explain how the phone’s twin cameras can be used to produce cleaner images with less image noise and also details the often painstaking process of tuning the image processing algorithms to produce the most visually appealing results. There are many different ways of implementing a dual camera. You can use lenses with different focal lengths in order to enable an optical zoom effect, or you can use a pair of similar lenses in order to double up on the amount of light captured. You can also opt for two colour sensors or a mix of colour and black and white. In most cases you can also use the parallax difference between the lenses to calculate depth, which helps with simulating shallow depth-of-field effects as found in Apple’s iPhone 7 Plus. The Essential Phone, unlike the iPhone 7 Plus, comes with separate colour and black-and-white sensors, of 13 megapixels each, installed behind identical f/1.9 lenses. Ling explains how a separate monochrome camera produces an image with higher resolution and lower noise than a colour version. This monochrome image is taken at the same time as a colour one, the two then being fused together to create a high-quality colour image. The Colour image (left) is combined with a monochrome image (middle) to produce a high quality final image (right)Yazhu Ling / Essential Products Ling’s sample image here shows very clear improvements to be gained from using the dual camera configuration. As single camera system would produce an image like the one on the left, but by combining it with the data from the black and white image in the middle, the much cleaner image on the right can be achieved. Look closely at the sky and the building in the background and you will see far less image noise or ‘grain’ in the final picture. Detail from the image above shows much more detail in the combined image on the right.Yazhu Ling / Essential Products However, as Ling explains, there’s much more to the process than simply merging the two images with a simple algorithm. Instead, many decisions have to be made on exactly how to process the information from the two cameras, and this is the main focus of Ling’s work. As well as ensuring that each camera is correctly calibrated for exposure and focus, Ling also has to decide how real-world scenes are processed to achieve the best possible results, and this means tuning the algorithms to handle different scenarios in different ways which require “deep understanding of both the engineering and artistic nuances of how an image is produced.” Ling explains that this tuning process has been on-going since January 2017 and has seen 15 major tuning iterations in that time. You can see some of the effects of this process in the image below (full size images available in the original article). Having been tried several times with varying degrees of success, dual cameras are finally starting to take over. The iPhone 7 Plus’ portrait mode has captured the imagination of many and now all eyes are on Samsung in expectation of the Galaxy Note 8 with a dual rear camera system of its own. Here’s hoping we see smaller companies such as Essential giving the major competition a run for their money. I’ve worked as a technology journalist since the early nineties. My passion is photography and the ever-changing hardware and software that creates it, be it traditional cameras and Photoshop or smartphones and tablets with their numerous apps."Without support and funding from Harvest, we would be unable to develop, promote and sustain initiatives to address health issues and work toward a healthier future for Martinsville and Henry County. " NEWSROOM From stargazing to trying “astronaut food,” more than 200 Martinsville students took a virtual trip through space last week in NASA SEMAA summer camp. SEMAA, which stands for Science, Engineering, Math and Aerospace Academy, is a program based at Martinsville Middle School that uses NASA lesson plans and technology to get students in kindergarten through eighth grade interested in studying science, engineering, technology and math. Martinsville Schools hosts the only SEMAA lab in Virginia, one of 16 in the country. The free summer camp for elementary and middle school students, held at Albert Harris Elementary School, wrapped up Friday. “We’ve done a lot of fun, hands-on science this week,” said SEMAA Site Director Anne Stultz. “They’ve learned a lot about the planets, as well as earth science and math. Camp reinforces what they learned during the school year, and hopefully this will help them retain it over the summer.” “Houston, we have a problem,” joked teacher Lizzy Keatts last week as she and Martinsville Middle School student Harrison Toole tried to launch a small rocket for a crowd of eager campers. Then, in a cloud of smoke, the rocket shot high up into the sunlight, prompting loud cheers from the younger students in the audience. Keatts also made a “Coke rocket” and demonstrated a reaction by dropping a roll of Mentos mints into a bottle of Diet Coke. It caused the soda to foam and shoot straight up out of the bottle, much to the delight of the students. “I like everything about it,” rising seventh-grader Tre Davis said about SEMAA camp. “We learn about rockets. I like building stuff and engineering.” Tre’s group of middle school campers designed and made different kinds of paper gliders and then threw them down the hallway to see whose traveled the farthest. One of his favorite activities, Tre said, was watching video footage of astronauts in space. “I like watching how they eat and move and get around when there’s no gravity,” he said. Rising third-grade campers tried their own zero-gravity activity, making “space food” by crushing together graham crackers, peanut butter and honey. Then, they snipped a hole in a plastic bag and slurped the mixture out to mimic how astronauts eat their meals in space. “It’s yummy. I want to make it again,” said Erin Mitchell. Students were asked why they think astronauts have to eat their food through a straw. "Because there’s no gravity,” Erin said. “If you had a plate in space, food would just float up.” Rising third-grader Alexis Plunkett said one of her favorite activities was the STARLAB, a portable planetarium dome that let all the campers see the constellations firsthand. They also learned about the Greek myths that gave the constellations their names, about the earth’s rotation and about the planets in the Milky Way galaxy. First-graders made a “universe in a jar” using blue food coloring and glitter to mimic the stars, while second-graders drew a model of the solar system on the sidewalk and made sunprints on special photographic paper. Fourth-graders grew crystals from salt and looked at them using microscopes. Each fourth-grader also had a container of worms, which they weighed, fed and cared for during the week. Christian Holland said he really enjoyed learning about the worms. “They provide oxygen and nutrients for the plants,” he said. “They sleep here in the dirt and eat 2 grams a day.” Students fed their worms dirt and fruit. Christian said he named his worms “Accelerate, because they’re fast.” Editor’s note: Kim Barto is community outreach and grants coordinator for the city schools.--- abstract: 'Visible light communication (VLC) uses huge license-free spectral bandwidth of visible light for high-speed wireless communication. Since each VLC access point covers a small area, handovers of mobile users are inevitable. In order to deal with these handovers, developing fast and effective resource allocation algorithms is a challenge. This paper introduces the problem of mobility-aware optimization of resources in VLC networks using the *T-step look-ahead* policy and employing the notion of *handover efficiency*. It is shown that the handover efficiency can correlate the overall performance of the network with future actions based on the mobility of users. Due to the stationary nature of indoor optical wireless channels, future channel state information (CSI) can be predicted by anticipating the future locations of users. A resource allocation algorithm is thus proposed, which uses CSI to dynamically allocate network resources to users. To solve this mathematically intractable problem, a novel relaxation method is proposed, which proves to be a useful tool to develop efficient algorithms for network optimization problems with a proportional fairness utility function. The resulting algorithm is extremely faster than the previous method and awareness of mobility enhances the overall performance of the network in terms of rate and fairness utility function.' author: - 'Mohammad Amir Dastgheib, Hamzeh Beyranvand, Jawad A. Salehi, , and Martin Maier, [^1][^2][^3][^4]' bibliography: - 'IEEEabrv.bib' - 'VLCrefs.bib' title: 'Mobility-Aware Resource Allocation in VLC Networks Using T-Step Look-Ahead Policy' --- Load balancing, mobility awareness, resource allocation, visible light communication (VLC). Introduction ============ to network analytics, about 80% of wireless data usage is by indoor users [@

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lose. Over all it really doesn't affect my daily life like being blind or deaf would. Silver linings, you know. ;) Well I can answer this because for the last three months I have not been able to smell due to sinitus infection that just wont go away. Although I am not as hungry and do not crave food I stil eat what I fancy and the body recalls the taste and smell of the food. I could be eatting anything! Although I can not taste at all my brain kicks in and tells me what it is supposed to taste like. It is very depressing I can tell you! Although not being able to smell does have its advantages. My husband has done all the cooking because I am a danger in the kitchen. If I place bread under the grill it would catch fire or burn because I simply get distracted and cant smell it. I can not season food or cook from scratch as I have no idea what it tastes like! And best of all if the puppy poops behind the chair I cant smell it, so my husband cleans that up as well. Its that pleasure pain thing! I am hoping for a full recovery soon as eatting is so boring without the smell and tastes of the food I love.Story highlights Sen. Sanders said Monday that health care is a "right, not a privilege" Sanders spoke to the NAACP national convention Washington (CNN) Sen. Bernie Sanders slammed Senate Republicans' health care bill as "destructive" and "irresponsible" in a speech at the NAACP national convention in Baltimore on Monday. Calling the bill the "cruelest, most destructive and irresponsible piece of legislation ever brought to the United States Senate in the modern history of this country," Sanders highlighted the possible effects of the bill's provisions, which include cutting Medicaid, defunding Planned Parenthood and roadblocks for those with pre-existing conditions. Sanders also criticized Republicans for not holding hearings on the bill and writing it "behind closed doors." "This legislation is overwhelmingly opposed by the American people, overwhelming opposed by virtually every health care organization in this country," Sanders said, listing a number of organizations that oppose the bill, including AARP and the American Cancer Society. Sanders' remarks were a part of the conference's policy discussions, which included a panel of Democratic legislators such as Maryland Sen. Ben Cardin, Illinois Sen. Tammy Duckworth, California Sen. Kamala Harris, Virginia Rep. Bobby Scott, and Texas Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee as well as Republican Virginia Rep. Scott Taylor. Read MoreMaduromycosis of the brain. Case report. A rare case of a gas-containing brain abscess due to verified maduromycosis is described. Blackish material over the abscess cavity revealed the fungal elements. The pus from the abscess contained Streptococcus hemolyticus and Klebsiella organisms.This invention is directed at reducing cravings in mammals. More specifically the present invention is directed at reducing the cravings of a mammal to any dopamine mediated cravings including food or addictive substances. Considerable research has been directed at obesity, nicotine addiction and substance abuse. The cost to society is very high from the health costs associated with obesity, tobacco consumption, and drug and alcohol abuse. While many individuals choose to lose weight, stop smoking and/or cease abusing drugs or alcohol, they frequently relapse into their former patterns of behavior during or shortly after they complete their treatment programs. Often this may be caused by subtle signals in the environment which initiate cravings in the individual for food or the substance which they had abused. Accordingly, it would be desirable to provide a substance which would suppress cravings for food and/or abused substances in a predisposed mammal. The use of D.sub.1 antagonists in the treatment of drug abuse is known. U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,973,586 and 5,302,716 disclose the use of D.sub.1 antagonists in treating drug dependence. A dosage range of 0.02-10 mg/kg was suggested, with 2.0 mg/kg divided over 1-3 administrations per day being particularly preferred. Spealman, et al., Neurochem. Int. Vol. 20 Suppl., 99147S-152S (1992) discloses that cocaine is a robust reinforcer and often is used as a standard for evaluating the reinforcing effects of other drugs. When SCH 39166 was administered to monkeys, a 3-fold or greater increase in the dose of cocaine usually was required to restore characteristic self-administration performances. Barrett-Larimore and Spealman in Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 22(2): 92 5 (1996) reported that several compounds including the D.sub.1 antagonist SCH 39166, a D.sub.2 antagonist and a D.sub.3 /D.sub.4 antagonist all were able to attenuate the cocaine-seeking behavior in a cocaine relapse model. Clifton, 1995 and Clifton, 1991 have indicated that the D.sub.1 antagonists SCH39166 and SCH 23390 have no effect on total food intake, meal size or feeding rate up to 3 mg/kg. Caine and Koob in The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Vol. 270, No. 1 pp. 209-218 (1994) describe tests on D.sub.1 antagonists SCH 39166 and SCH 23390 for cocaine and food self-reinforcement. D1 antagonists were found to affect cocaine self-administration. Chausmer and Ettenberg in Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior Vol. 57, No. 4, pp. 681-685 (1997) conducted tests on D.sub.1 and D2 antagonists in response re-instatement properties of food reward. They found that the D.sub.2 antagonist raclopride was sufficient to block the response-reinstating effects of food reinforcement, but the D.sub.1 antagonist SCH 39166 was not. Nathan, Breskin and Batki in CNS Drugs Jul. 10, 1998 (1) pp. 43-59 summarize results in treating cocaine addiction with various drugs. Lancet, Volume 347 pp. 504-508 (Feb. 14, 1996) reports that haloperidol was tested for decreasing desire for an abused substance. However, this compound is reported to have had significant adverse side effects, such as dysphoria, restlessness or stiffness, which reduces the desire for individuals to take them. It has been difficult to develop substances which inhibit craving in mammals, particularly humans, because of the lack of reliable animal models which correlate well with human behavior. Substances which are administered to reduce craving should not produce significant physiological effects, such as stimulation of mood or elevate blood pressure or heart rate. This could result in the substitution of one abused substance for another. Compounds which dampen the desire for the abused substance also should not exacerbate the physiological symptoms of the abused substance in the event the individual relapses and takes the abused substance. Substances administered to reduce craving also should not produce significant adverse affects, such as dysphoria, restlessness or stiffness. Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a compound and method of treatment which will be active in reducing craving for the abused substance, and which does not exacerbate the sympathetic response rate caused by the abused substance and which has favorable pharmacodynamic effects. It also is desirable to provide a compound and method of treatment which blocks the euphoric and dysphoric effects of the abused substance.Naomi C. Writer and researcher Plymouth, United Kingdom I can offer fantastic rates on a wide variety of article writing assignments, with a fresh and engaging style which is perfect for organisations and businesses that are a little...Read moreI can offer fantastic rates on a wide variety of article writing assignments, with a fresh and engaging style which is perfect for organisations and businesses that are a little different from the mainstream. Discounts are available for charities, so please get in touch to discuss your requirements. I have been working as a freelance writer and researcher since 2010 providing SEO, web content and high quality articles for a wide variety of high profile clients. I also home-educate my two children with the help of my partner and am committed to a lifestyle which has their best interests at heart. The fact that I spend so much time with my kids and engage in many creative and play based activities throughout the day gives my work a focus and insight which is unique yet incredibly accessible. As a supplement to my writing income, I work as a storyteller and independent ambassador for Barefoot Books. Barefoot Books began with two mothers who wanted their children to have books that would feed the imagination, while instilling a respect for diversity and a love of the planet. I am part of a world-wide community of writers, artists, storytellers, musicians, and others who are committed to providing timeless stories and captivating art that can help children become happy, engaged members of a global society. Area Covered: Global Industry: Outsourcing/Offshoring Employees: 1 Work Experience ----------------- Summary: I have been home-shoring for a number of years and have covered a wide variety of different fields including call-center work, customer services and direct sales. Literature is one of my greatest loves, so it was a natural progression for me to become a freelance writer and I have worked with the same company since 2010 as well as taking on various other assignments from other clients. I also home-educate my two children with the help of my partner and am committed to a lifestyle which has their best interests at heart. The fact that I spend so much time with my kids and

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) - Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group Inc (MUFG) on Wednesday sued New York’s banking regulator to stop its effort to continue to supervise Japan's largest lender after it switched its state branches to federal oversight this week, according to court filings. NEW YORK (Reuters) - Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group Inc (MUFG) on Wednesday sued New York’s banking regulator to stop its effort to continue to supervise Japan's largest lender after it switched its state branches to federal oversight this week, according to court filings.Q: SQL query different results between workbench and PHP script in the same date range I have a PHP script that helps me to make some financial reports like capital, profits, total sold item, total item in store between 2 dates: $result[] = 0; $res[] = 0; $fetchStat[]=0; if(isset($_POST['generate_capital'])) { $from_d = $_POST['from_d']; $to_d = $_POST['to_d']; $stat = "SELECT sum(sell_quantity*(sell_price-init_price)) AS 'rebeh', sum(init_price*(quantity-sell_quantity)) AS 'capital', sum(sell_price*sell_quantity) AS 'profits', sum(quantity) AS 'total_item', sum(sell_quantity) AS 'total_sell' FROM purchases WHERE date_now BETWEEN :d1 AND :d2"; $stmtStat = $conn->prepare($stat); $stmtStat->bindValue(':d1', $from_d); $stmtStat->bindValue(':d2', $to_d); $execStat = $stmtStat->execute(); $fetchStat= $stmtStat->fetchAll(); } Now, the same query in MySQL workbench will give me a specific result: SELECT sum(sell_quantity*(sell_price-init_price)) AS 'rebeh', sum(init_price*(quantity-sell_quantity)) AS 'capital', sum(sell_price*sell_quantity) AS 'profits', sum(quantity) AS 'total_item', sum(sell_quantity) AS 'total_sell' FROM purchases WHERE date_now BETWEEN '2016-02-02' AND '2016-05-09' The result is: And the same query in the PHP script with the same date range will give me other values: I've changed the Arabic keywords with English ones so you can see the difference. Any help is appreciated. EDIT: Adding var_dump result for 2 dates A: As it stands, it appears that the most likely cause is that your date formats have the month and day in the wrong order, for the 2nd of February, that doesn't matter, but for the 9th of May, it would become the 5th of September. Now, the reason that the data for the 9th of May isn't included when you run the query directly is because a date is actually midnight on that date, making it exclusive of that date when it comes at the end of a between. It's possible there is something else, so if this doesn't work, try echoing out all your values at every point, until you know exactly what is being run, and it should become clear. To clarify, when using '/' in a date, MySQL uses the following format: '%d/%m/%Y' Which would explain why it works if you enter a string into your text box. Information Land of Common Sense (2017) Summary Sang Shik is described as a “wacko secretary” who dreams of being a top diplomat: Good-looking, athletic, and a competent fighter, he is described as “halfway between Jang Geu Rae [of Misaeng] and [spy comedy] Kingsman.” Nara, meanwhile, is a diplomat with strict principles who never does things by half-measures and doesn’t know how to hide even the smallest emotion, who’s described as halfway between the perfect diplomat and a nutjob--- Name: mirtop URL: https://github.com/miRTop/mirtop Description: Command line tool to annotate miRNAs with a standard mirna/isomir naming --- This tool is dedicated to the creation and management of miRNA alignment output using the standardized GFF3 format (https://github.com/miRTop/mirGFF3). A unified miRNA alignment format allows to easily compare the output of different alignement tools. Currently, mirtop can convert into mirGFF3 the outputs of commonly used pipelines, such as seqbuster, isomiR-SEA, sRNAbench, Prost! as well as BAM files. Best Most Stylish Reclining Couches 2017 By adminPosted on August 16, 2017November 11, 2017Best Most Stylish Reclining Couches 2017 February 2018 Reclining Couches – This The Most Stylish Reclining Couches 2017 photos was upload on August, 16 2017 by admin. Here latest Reclining Couches photos collection. Download other ideas about Reclining Couches in our other blog. Click on wallpapers to get The Most Stylish Reclining Couches 2017 in high resolution.Power Math for Power Circuits How Maple’s 3D capabilities helped solve the mystery of gate resistance on shoot through Desktop Engineering, October 2006 Alan Elbanhawy, a director at Fairchild Semiconductor International, examined the effects of lumped and distributed gate resistance on the phenomenon of shoot through (also known as cross conduction) in synchronous buck. He concludes: “Using Maple allowed us to investigate the interaction of all the important parameters in 3D representations that helped us understand the extent of the interdependencies. The 3D capability offers a very powerful visualization tool of the complete results. To achieve the same results using any other numerical simulation environment requires enormous amount of batch simulation, data compiling, and graphing.”Recurrent bacterial meningitis and impaired host defences. Recurrent pyogenic meningitis is uncommon. Its aetiology is often associated with impaired host defence mechanisms. Two such examples are discussed. Case 1 resulted from an anatomical defect and Case 2 a defect of the complement system.Q: Displaying Contents of an ArrayList that contains objects of another class with private fields How do I print the album title from the array-list if the contents of the object is in a private field in another class? Display Method public void displayAllAlbums() { for (int i = 0; i < AlbumList.size(); i++) { System.out.println(AlbumList.get(i)); } } Album Class that has private variables title and price. class Album { private String title; private double price; Album(String title, double price) { this.title = title; this.price = price; } public String getTitle() { return this.title; } public double getPrice() { return this.price; } } Cart Class adds songs to arraylist can also get total import java.util.*; public class Cart { List<Album> AlbumList = new ArrayList<Album>(); Main Method putting albums into addAlbum method public static void main(String[] args) { Cart cart1 = new Cart(); Album album1 = new Album("ye", 20); Album album2 = new Album("MBDTF", 16); cart1.addAlbum(album1); cart1.addAlbum(album2); System.out.println(cart1.getTotalAlbums()); cart1.displayAllAlbums(); } adding album to the arralist public void addAlbum(Album album) { AlbumList.add(album); } Unsure on how to display the album public void displayAllAlbums() { for (int i = 0; i < AlbumList.size(); i++) { System.out.println(AlbumList.get(i)); } } A: Do this. public void displayAllAlbums() { for (int i = 0; i < AlbumList.size(); i++) { Album album = AlbumList.get(i) System.out.println(album.getTitle() + " "+ album.getPrice()); } } Your Arraylist's objects are actually Album object. So when are accessing an ArrayList object via AlbumList.get(i) command, you're getting an Album object instance. So you pass it on to Album variable. Then access the private field via getter methods you've set up earlier! Cheers! Icon has Black Background It took me a while to just get the MailScanner link to show up, I had to even get WayToTheWeb to help me out with it! But now I've gotten the link to show and after having trouble getting the icon to show... its showing a black background! Anybody know whats up with it? I have tried to upload .jpg, .png, .gif versions. Redid the icon and made a static white background. I've done it all... I think. Anybody have

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b) The concentration profile of fenofibric acid in the brain.](PPAR2014-753587.005){#fig5} ###### The input parameters used during the simulation of plasma concentrations versus time profiles of fenofibric acid in rat model. Sr. number Input data Value ------------ ------------------------------------------- ------------------------ 1 MW 262.5 2 log⁡*P* 4.01 3 p*K* ~*a*~ (acidic) 3.56 4 Dose 27 mg/kg 5 Lower limit reference solubility (pH 7.4) 0.0294 mg/mL 6 Diffusion coefficient 0.825 × 10^−5^ cm^2^/s 7 Particle density 1.2 g/mL 8 Effective particle radius 5 µm 9 Effective permeability 7.66 × 10^−4^ cm/s 10 Physiology Fasted conditions 11 Absorption model Opt logD Model SA/V 12 Stomach transit time 0.1 h 13 Body weight 0.25 kg (Rat) 14 Clearance 1.1 mL/min/kg 15 Simulation time 36 h ###### The comparison of predicted and *in vivo* pharmacokinetic parameters of fenofibric acid. Sr. number Pharmacokinetic parameters *In vivo* Predicted Predicted/*in* *vivo* ratio ------------ ---------------------------- ---------------- ----------- ------------------------------- 1 AUC~0--*t*~ (µg h/mL) 274.68 ± 38.11 271.89 0.99 2 *C* ~max⁡~ (µg/mL) 20.49 ± 2.32 17.58 0.86 3 *T* ~max⁡~ (hours) 3.77 ± 0.64 3 0.80 4 *f* ~2~ Value 67.37 [^1]: Academic Editor: Constantinos Giaginis New 2019 Coachmen RV Clipper Ultra-Lite 16RBD This Clipper Ultra-Lite expandable 16RBD features front and rear expanding beds, and all the amenities you need to enjoy camping with family and friends. Step inside and see how much space you will have to enjoy with the rear expanding bed that is 54" x 74". Straight ahead there is a convenient bath which includes an angled shower, a toilet, and vanity with sink, plus overhead medicine cabinet. There is a kitchenette to your right as you enter featuring a two burner range, single sink, and storage overhead. A food pantry can be found opposite along side of the refrigerator with TV countertop above. In the front along the roadside find a dinette to enjoy your meals at, plus there is more seating opposite with a lounge including overhead storage. Both of these seating areas can easily become sleeping space if needed for family or extra guests. Also in front you will find an expanding bed that is 48" x 74". The expanding bed allows you to have the sleeping space you need without increasing your overall tow length. All this and more makes this a great camper for your family to enjoy! Options: BED END FAN LIGHT CLIPPER GRAPHICS DELUXE PKG FRONT WINDOW W/ ROCK GUARD RVIA SECOND BED END FAN LIGHT TOWABLE ESSENTIALS PKG TRAVEL EASY ROADSIDE ASSISTANCE What Our Customers Are Saying You will get my business always! Dear Mr. Beckley, I want to thank you and your entire staff for running a 1st class RV Dealership. As a fleet manager for Diamond Int. & Nabisco for 11 years in logging, trucking, and cookie delivery with combined fleets of 3,800 units on the road, when I find a quality organization A++ rated in my book, it is worthy of praise I met your sales team 6 years ago, so when I needed service on my Crossroads ... More » - Peter from Rock Hall, MD Rates and amount financed are determined by credit history. Your actual payments may vary. Plus tax, title and license. See dealer for details. Get Our Lowest Price Krazy Kelly's prices are so low, {mfg} won't allow us to display our price without you requesting it. So, please complete the simple form below to receive Krazy Kelly's Lowest Price! We'll get back with you as soon as possible, during normal business hours. Name Email Phone Zip Do you have a Trade In? Year Make Model# Mileage Amount Desired Tire Condition Last Resealed? Body Damage/Sidewall Delamination? If yes, please describe: Has the unit been smoked in? 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Our goals and principles remain well in focus. We do create customers for life www.beckleysrvs.com Beckleys RVs is not responsible for any misprints, typos, or errors found in our website pages. Any price listed excludes sales tax, registration tags, and delivery fees. All prices may not include Beckley’s Camping Center’s 145 point pre-delivery inspection. Manufacturer-provided pictures, specifications and features may be used as needed. Inventory shown may be only a partial listing of the entire inventory. Please contact us at 800-615-6171 for availability as our inventory changes rapidly. All calculated payments are an estimate only and do not constitute a commitment that financing or a specific interest rate or term is available.Tip of the Week: How to Boost your Laptop’s Battery Power We all know the pains of having a laptop with low battery power, but sometimes it feels like you're perpetually plugging in your computer; even when it seems like the battery should last longer. These battery problems are common, but they aren’t an endgame for your laptop. There are several ways you can jumpstart your laptop’s battery. The purpose of a laptop is to remain portable while computing, and that isn’t possible if your battery is continuously failing. You shouldn’t have to be tied to an outlet on a daily basis in order to keep yourself productive. With these five tips, you should be able to keep your laptop alive significantly longer. Windows Updates Can Improve Battery Life If you want your computer to stay protected against the threats present in the online community, the latest patches for your operating system are a necessity. With Windows updates, you only receive these if you are using a supported operating system. Microsoft releases security updates and patches regularly, so you should have no problem maintaining the latest fixes for your operating system. As it turns out, these same updates can improve battery life. MTG can apply updates and patches to your systems remotely and securely, taking the responsibility of keeping your system secure off your shoulders. Optimize Your Power Settings In Windows 8.1, you have several options available to you to change your power settings. You can either choose a preset power plan, or build your own. To access these settings, look for the Power Options selection in the Control Panel. Some of the available options include: Screen brightness. How often the display turns off. When the computer sleeps. Where your computer’s resources are most allocated. Dim the Monitor Display Your laptop has several settings for brightness which can affect how long your battery lasts. Naturally, the higher the brightness on your monitor, the more energy it uses. According to CNet, the brightness of your monitor should be below half, or whatever is most comfortable for your eyes. In Windows 8.1, there is a slider which helps you adjust the brightness to the perfect degree. It can also help to turn down the keyboard brightness (if it lights up), if you’re able to. Turn Off Bluetooth Connections Even if you don’t use Bluetooth devices, just having Bluetooth activated can drain your battery. By shutting off Bluetooth, you can decrease the strain that it puts on your

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and substantive components. Id. at 438. Although the district court must consider the Chapter Seven policy statements and the requirements of 18 U.S.C. §§ 3553(a), 2 3583 (2006), “the court ultimately has broad discretion to revoke its previous sentence and impose a term of imprisonment up to the statutory maximum.” Crudup, 461 F.3d at 439 (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). Although a sentencing court must provide a sufficient explanation of the sentence to allow “effective review of [its] reasonableness” on appeal, United States v. Moulden, 478 F.3d 652, 657 (4th Cir. 2007) (probation revocation), the court need not “robotically tick through § 3553(a)’s every subsection,” or “explicitly discuss every § 3353(a) factor on the record.” United States v. Johnson, 445 F.3d 339, 345 (4th Cir. 2006). Our review of the record in this case leads us to conclude that the district court’s reasons supporting its sentencing decision are sufficiently apparent from the record. We conclude that the sentence is neither procedurally nor substantively unreasonable. See United States v. Finley, 531 F.3d 288, 297 (4th Cir. 2008) (applying Gall v. United States, 128 S. Ct. 586, 597 (2007), in reviewing a sentence to determine if it is plainly unreasonable). We therefore affirm Stephenson’s sentence. We dispense with oral argument because the facts and legal contentions are adequately presented in the materials before the court and argument would not aid the decisional process. AFFIRMED 3 Q: Output written to screen then to output file? Basically I had to read in some data from an input file and do some calculations to calculate the total-staff cost per unit, the input shown below in the following format <shop unit> <sales assistants> <hours> <rate> Unit One 4 32 8 38 6 38 6 16 7 Unit Two 0 Unit Three 2 36 7 36 7 Goes upto 9 shop units.. I then had to allow a user input which is the "Recommended maximum"(RM) and compare it with the total staff costs per unit. If the total staff cost per unit is less than or equal to RM then the details must be written to the screen and to an output text file called results.txt. If the amount is larger than RM then the results must be written to the screen only. Anyways here is my code below, and the bit im having problems with is the output mentioned above, Only shop unit 9 is printing to the output file and most of the time nothing prints to the console: if (total > reccomended_max) { System.out.println("The total staff wages for " + Unitnum + " is £" + total + ", therefore it is larger than the RM"); } else if (total == reccomended_max) { System.out.println("The total staff wages for " + Unitnum + " is £" + total + ", therefore it is equal to the RM"); } else { System.out.println("The total staff wages for " + Unitnum + " is £" + total + ", there it is less than the RM"); } I have shortened my code, because it has a lot of else if statements, What design pattern is suitable for removing many if and else or else if statements? A: Don't delegate System.out! Instead, simply write the result to both streams if required: if (total > reccomended_max){ String message = "The total staff wages for " + ...; try (PrintStream out = new PrintStream(new FileOutputStream("output.txt", true))) { out.println(message); } // here, the stream will be automatically flushed and closed! System.out.println(message); } else { System.out.println("The total staff wages for " + Unitnum + " is £" +total + ", therefore it is lower than the RM"); } omega watch chronograph 1960s omega watch ... Associated with alligain which on the way to allow them up so that it willrs chicken nest 134 Core-Fl, Fla. (Cbs the telly studios) The item getting a targeted arena away from a scary cinema, While a ton of alligators obtained somewhere out there a huge sinkhole covered having vultures backpackers witnessed set up continuing sculptures from space. 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I want the result to be [[0, 5], [4, 6]] - a nested list with two elements. That is, one for each question (second parameter). So how can I change the code to accomplish this? Code below: def RandomNumbers(li, questions): new_list = [] new = [] if type(li) == list: for i in range(1, questions +1): for item in li: result = randint(item[0], item[1]) new_list.append(result) new.append(new_list) else: return "" return new print RandomNumbers([[0, 5], [1, 6]], 2) A: You have some errors, try this way: def RandomNumbers(li, questions): if type(li) == list: new = [] for item in li: new_list = [] for i in range(questions): new_list.append(randint(item[0], item[1])) new.append(

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**) and residual neural network (**`maps.ResNet`**). It is also convenient to choose different training hyperparameters, such as loss types, metrics, optimizers, learning rate schedules, initializations and regularizations. In addition to solving differential equations, DeepXDE can also be used to approximate functions from multi-fidelity data [@meng2019composite], and learn nonlinear operators [@lu2019deeponet]. Customizability --------------- All the components of DeepXDE are loosely coupled, and thus DeepXDE is well-structured and highly configurable. In this subsection, we discuss how to customize DeepXDE to address new problem requirements, e.g., new geometry or network architecture. ### Geometry As we introduced above, DeepXDE has already supported 7 basic geometries and the CSG technique. However, it is still possible that the user needs a new geometry, which cannot be constructed in DeepXDE. In this situation, a new geometry can be defined as shown in Procedure \[code:geometry\]. Currently DeepXDE does not support accurately descriptions of complex curvilinear boundaries; however, a future extension could be incorporation of the non-uniform rational basis spline (NURBS) [@hughes2005isogeometric] for such representations. ``` {.Python linenos=""} class MyGeometry(Geometry): def inside(self, x): """Check if x is inside the geometry.""" def on_boundary(self, x): """Check if x is on the geometry boundary.""" def boundary_normal(self, x): """Compute the unit normal at x for Neumann or Robin boundary conditions.""" def periodic_point(self, x, component): """Compute the periodic image of x for periodic boundary condition.""" def uniform_points(self, n, boundary=True): """Compute the equispaced point locations in the geometry.""" def random_points(self, n, random="pseudo"): """Compute the random point locations in the geometry.""" def uniform_boundary_points(self, n): """Compute the equispaced point locations on the boundary.""" def random_boundary_points(self, n, random="pseudo"): """Compute the random point locations on the boundary.""" ``` ### Neural networks DeepXDE currently supports two neural networks: feed-forward neural network (**`maps.FNN`**) and residual neural network (**`maps.ResNet`**). A new network can be added as shown in Procedure \[code:nn\]. ``` {.Python linenos=""} class MyNet(Map): @property def inputs(self): """Return the net inputs.""" @property def outputs(self): """Return the net outputs.""" @property def targets(self): """Return the targets of the net outputs.""" def build(self): """Construct the network.""" ``` ### Callbacks It is usually a good strategy to monitor the training process of the neural network, and then make modifications in real time, e.g., change the learning rate. In DeepXDE, this can be implemented by adding a callback function, and here we only list a few commonly used ones already implemented in DeepXDE: - **`ModelCheckpoint`**, which saves the model after certain epochs or when a better model is found. - **`OperatorPredictor`**, which calculates the values of the operator applying on the outputs. - **`FirstDerivative`**, which calculates the first derivative of the outpus with respect to the inputs. This is a special case of **`OperatorPredictor`** with the operator being the first derivative. - **`MovieDumper`**, which dumps the movie of the function during the training progress, and/or the movie of the spectrum of its Fourier transform. It is very convenient to add other **`callback`** functions, which will be called at different stages of the training process, see Procedure \[code:callback\]. ``` {.Python linenos=""} class MyCallback(Callback): def on_epoch_begin(self): """Called at the beginning of every epoch.""" def on_epoch_end(self): """Called at the end of every epoch.""" ``` Demonstration examples {#sec:example} ====================== In this section, we use PINNs and DeepXDE to solve different problems. In all examples, we use the $\tanh$ as the activation function, and the other hyperparameters are listed in \[tab:hyperparameter\]. The weights $w_f$, $w_b$ and $w_i$ in the loss function are set as 1. The codes of all examples are published in GitHub. Example NN Depth NN Width Optimizer Learning rate \# Iterations --------- ---------- ---------- -------------- --------------- --------------- 1 4 50 Adam, L-BFGS 0.001 50000 2 3 20 Adam, L-BFGS 0.001 15000 3 3 40 Adam 0.001 60000 4 3 20 Adam 0.001 80000 5 4 20 L-BFGS - - : Hyperparameters used for the following 5 examples. “Adam, L-BFGS” represents that we first use Adam for a certain number of iterations, and then switch to L-BFGS. The optimizer L-BFGS does not require learning rate, and the neural network is trained until convergence, so the number of iterations is also ignored for L-BFGS.[]{data-label="tab:hyperparameter"} Poisson equation over an L-shaped domain ---------------------------------------- Consider the following two-dimensional Poisson equation over an L-shaped domain $\Omega = [-1,1]^2\setminus [0,1]^2$: $$\begin{aligned} -\Delta u(x,y) &= 1,\quad (x,y)\in \Omega, \\ u(x,y) &= 0, \quad (x,y)\in \partial \Omega.\end{aligned}$$ We choose 1200 and 120 random points drawn from a uniform distribution as $\mathcal{T}_f$ and $\mathcal{T}_b$, respectively. The PINN solution is given in \[fig:Poisson:Lshape\]B. For comparison, we also present the numerical solution obtained by using the spectral element method (SEM) [@Karbook] (\[fig:Poisson:Lshape\]A). The result of the absolute error is shown in \[fig:Poisson:Lshape\]C. ![Example 4.1. Comparison of the PINN solution with the solution obtained by using spectral element method (SEM). (**A**) the SEM solution $u_{SEM}$, (**B**) the PINN solution $u_{NN}$, (**C**) the absolute error $|u_{SEM} - u_{NN}|$.[]{data-label="fig:Poisson:Lshape"}](Poisson.pdf){width="\textwidth"} RAR for Burgers equation ------------------------ We first consider the 1D Burgers equation: $$\begin{gathered} \frac{\partial u}{\partial t} + u \frac{\partial u}{\partial x} = \nu \frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial x^2}, \quad x\in[-1, 1], ~ t \in[0, 1], \\ u(x, 0) = -\sin(\pi x), \quad u(-1, t) = u(1, t) = 0.\end{gathered}$$ Let $\nu = 0.01/\pi$. Initially, we randomly select 2500 points (spatio-temporal domain) as the residual points, and then 40 more residual points are added adaptively via RAR developed in \[sec:rar\] with $m = 1$ and $\mathcal{E}_0 = 0.005$. We compare the PINN solution with RAR and the PINN solution based on 2540 randomly selected training data (\[fig:burgers\] A and B), and demonstrate that PINN with RAR can capture the discontinuity much better. For a comparison, the finite difference solutions using central difference scheme for space discretization and forward Euler scheme for time discretization for the Burgers equation in the conservative form are also shown in \[fig:burgers\]A. Here, we also present two examples for the residual points added via the RAR method. As shown in \[fig:burgers\] C and D, the added points (green crosses) are quite close to the sharp interface, which indicates the effectiveness of RAR. We further solve the following two-dimensional Burgers equation using the RAR: $$\begin{gathered} \partial_t u + u \partial_x u + v \partial_y u = \frac{1}{\mbox{Re}} (\partial^2_x u + \partial^2_y u),\\ \partial_t v + u \partial_x v + v \partial_y v = \frac{1}{\mbox{Re}} (\partial^2_x v + \partial^2_y v),\\ x, y \in [0, 1], ~ \mbox{and} ~t \in [0, 1],\end{gathered}$$

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-1.\end{array}\right.$$Then $\mathrm{ct}_{\kappa }$ is an odd function, satisfies $\lim_{t\rightarrow 0^{-}}\mathrm{ct}_{\kappa }=-\infty ,$ and is strictly decreasing on $\left( 0,\infty \right) .$ Let $\Lambda _{N}$ be the Lagrangian family along $\gamma _{v}$ from Equation \[dfn of Lambda\_N\]. Let $S$ be the corresponding Riccati operator. Observe that at $t=0,$ the restriction of $S$ to the second summand in (\[dfn of Lambda\_N\]) coincides with the shape operator $S_{v}$ of $N$. If the conclusion is false, there are $\left\{ J_{1},\ldots ,J_{k}\right\} \subset \Lambda _{N}$ with $\left\{ J_{i}\left( 0\right) \right\} _{i=1}^{k}$ orthonormal so that $$\begin{aligned} J_{i}^{\prime }\left( 0\right) &=&S\left( J_{i}\left( 0\right) \right) \text{ and } \\ \left\vert \Sigma _{i=1}^{k}\left\langle S\left( J_{i}\left( 0\right) \right) ,J_{i}\left( 0\right) \right\rangle \right\vert &\geq &k\cdot \mathrm{ct}_{\kappa }\left( \mathrm{FocalRadius}\left( N\right) -\alpha \right) ,\end{aligned}$$for some $\alpha \in \left( 0,\mathrm{FocalRadius}\left( N\right) \right) .$ After possibly replacing $v$ with $-v$, we may assume that $$\begin{aligned} \Sigma _{i=1}^{k}\left\langle S\left( J_{i}\right) ,J_{i}\right\rangle |_{0} &\leq &-k\cdot \mathrm{ct}_{\kappa }\left( \mathrm{FocalRadius}\left( N\right) -\alpha \right) \\ &=&k\cdot \mathrm{ct}_{\kappa }\left( \alpha -\mathrm{FocalRadius}\left( N\right) \right) ,\text{ since }\mathrm{ct}_{\kappa }\text{ is an odd function} \\ &<&0.\end{aligned}$$It follows from Lemma \[sing soon Ric\_k Lemma\] that for all $t_{1}\in \left( 0,\mathrm{FocalRadius}\left( N\right) \right) $ there is a $k$–dimensional subspace $W_{t_{1}}\subset \Lambda _{N}$ so that $$\mathrm{Tr}\left( S|_{W_{t_{1}}}\right) \leq k\cdot \mathrm{ct}_{\kappa }\left( \alpha -\mathrm{FocalRadius}\left( N\right) +t_{1}\right) .$$Since $\alpha -\mathrm{FocalRadius}\left( N\right) <0$ and $\lim_{t\rightarrow 0^{-}}\mathrm{ct}_{\kappa }=-\infty ,$ $\Lambda _{N}$ has a singularity by time $\mathrm{FocalRadius}\left( N\right) -\alpha .$ This is a contradiction because $\Lambda _{N}$ is nonsingular on the interval $\left( 0,\mathrm{FocalRadius}\left( N\right) \right) $. Let $M$ be a complete Riemannian $n$–manifold with $Ric_{k}$ $\geq 0,$ and let $N$ be any closed submanifold of $M$ with $\dim \left( N\right) \geq k$ and infinite focal radius. Let $v$ be any unit normal vector to $N.$ As in Equation \[dfn of Lambda\_N\] we let$$\Lambda _{N}\equiv \left\{ J|J\left( 0\right) =0\text{, }J^{\prime }\left( 0\right) \in \nu _{\gamma _{v}\left( 0\right) }\left( N\right) \right\} \oplus \left\{ J|J\left( 0\right) \in T_{\gamma _{v}\left( 0\right) }N\text{ and }J^{\prime }\left( 0\right) =\mathrm{S}_{v}J\left( 0\right) \right\} .$$We set$$\begin{aligned} \mathcal{V} &\equiv &\left\{ J|J\left( 0\right) =0\text{, }J^{\prime }\left( 0\right) \in \nu _{\gamma _{v}\left( 0\right) }\left( N\right) \right\} \text{, and } \\ W &\equiv &\left\{ J|J\left( 0\right) \in T_{\gamma _{v}\left( 0\right) }N\text{ and }J^{\prime }\left( 0\right) =\mathrm{S}_{v}J\left( 0\right) \right\} .\end{aligned}$$ Since $N$ has no focal points, $\Lambda _{N}$ has no singularities on $\mathbb{R}\setminus \left\{ 0\right\} $. Thus for all $J\in \Lambda _{N}\setminus \left\{ 0\right\} $ and all $t\in \mathbb{R}\setminus \left\{ 0\right\} ,$ $J\left( t\right) \neq 0.$ By replacing $v$ with $-v$, if necessary, we may assume that $$\mathrm{Tr}\left( \mathrm{S}|_{W}\left( 0\right) \right) \leq 0. \label{inti nonpos}$$ By Part 3 of Lemma \[sing soon Ric\_k Lemma\], it follows that $t\longmapsto \Lambda \left( t\right) $ splits orthogonally into the parallel distributions $$\Lambda \left( t\right) \equiv W\left( t\right) \oplus \mathcal{V}\left( t\right) ,$$and every field in $W$ is parallel. Since we started with an arbitrary normal vector$,$ $N$ is totally geodesic, and Parts 1 and 4 are proven. Part 2 is a consequence of the Hopf-Rinow Theorem (see Part e of Theorem 2.8 on page 147 of [@doCarm]). Part 3 follows by observing that $\exp _{N}^{\perp }:\left( \nu \left( N\right) ,\left( \exp _{N}^{\perp }\right) ^{\ast }\left( g\right) \right) \longrightarrow \left( M,g\right) $ is a local isometry, so as in the proof of Cartan-Hadamard, $\exp _{N}^{\perp }$ is a cover (see Lemma 3.3 on page 150 of [@doCarm] or Lemma 5.6.4 of [@Pet]). Part 5 follows from the fact that every field in $W$ is parallel. To prove Part 6, let $\mathrm{II}$ be the second fundamental form of $\mathrm{image}\left( \Phi \right) .$ Since $$\gamma _{V\left( s\right) }:t\longmapsto \Phi \left( t,s\right) =\exp _{c\left( s\right) }^{\perp }\left( tV\left( s\right) \right)$$is a geodesic, $\mathrm{II}\left( \frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial t},\frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial t}\right) =0,$ and since $\frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s}$ is parallel along $\gamma _{V\left( s\right) },$ $\mathrm{II}\left( \frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial t},\frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s}\right) =0.$ To determine $\mathrm{II}\left( \frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s},\frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s}\right) ,$ observe that the lift, $\left( \exp _{N}^{\perp }\right) ^{\ast }\left( \frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s}\right) ,$ of $\frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s}$ via $\exp _{N}^{\perp },$ is a basic horizontal, geodesic field for the Riemannian submersion$$\pi :\left( \nu \left( N\right) ,\left( \exp _{N}^{\perp }\right) ^{\ast }\left( g\right) \right) \longrightarrow N.$$Thus $\mathrm{II}\left( \frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s},\frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s}\right) =\nabla _{\frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s}}\frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s}\equiv 0,$ and the image of $\Phi $ is totally geodesic. Since $\frac{\partial \Phi }{\partial s}$ is a parallel Jacobi field along $\gamma _{V\left( s\right) },$ the image of $\Phi $ is flat. To prove Part 7, consider a $V\in \mathcal{V}$ along with orthonormal parallel fields $J_{1},\ldots ,J_{k-1}$ in $W.$ Since $\mathrm{sec}\left( \gamma _{v}^{\prime },J_{i}\right) \equiv 0$ and $\mathrm{Ric}_{k}\geq 0,$

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www.brainwy.com/tracker/PyDev/645 # if __pydevd_id__ is None, recalculate it... also, use an heuristic # that gives us always the same id for the thread (using thread.ident or id(thread)). raise AttributeError() except AttributeError: tid = _get_or_compute_thread_id_with_lock(thread, is_current_thread=True) return tid def get_thread_id(thread): try: # Fast path without getting lock. tid = thread.__pydevd_id__ if tid is None: # Fix for https://www.brainwy.com/tracker/PyDev/645 # if __pydevd_id__ is None, recalculate it... also, use an heuristic # that gives us always the same id for the thread (using thread.ident or id(thread)). raise AttributeError() except AttributeError: tid = _get_or_compute_thread_id_with_lock(thread, is_current_thread=False) return tid def set_thread_id(thread, thread_id): with _thread_id_lock: thread.__pydevd_id__ = thread_id #======================================================================================================================= # Null #======================================================================================================================= class Null: """ Gotten from: http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/68205 """ def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): return None def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs): return self def __enter__(self, *args, **kwargs): return self def __exit__(self, *args, **kwargs): return self def __getattr__(self, mname): if len(mname) > 4 and mname[:2] == '__' and mname[-2:] == '__': # Don't pretend to implement special method names. raise AttributeError(mname) return self def __setattr__(self, name, value): return self def __delattr__(self, name): return self def __repr__(self): return "<Null>" def __str__(self): return "Null" def __len__(self): return 0 def __getitem__(self): return self def __setitem__(self, *args, **kwargs): pass def write(self, *args, **kwargs): pass def __nonzero__(self): return 0 def __iter__(self): return iter(()) # Default instance NULL = Null() def call_only_once(func): ''' To be used as a decorator @call_only_once def func(): print 'Calling func only this time' Actually, in PyDev it must be called as: func = call_only_once(func) to support older versions of Python. ''' def new_func(*args, **kwargs): if not new_func._called: new_func._called = True return func(*args, **kwargs) new_func._called = False return new_func # Protocol where each line is a new message (text is quoted to prevent new lines). # payload is xml QUOTED_LINE_PROTOCOL = 'quoted-line' ARGUMENT_QUOTED_LINE_PROTOCOL = 'protocol-quoted-line' # Uses http protocol to provide a new message. # i.e.: Content-Length:xxx\r\n\r\npayload # payload is xml HTTP_PROTOCOL = 'http' ARGUMENT_HTTP_PROTOCOL = 'protocol-http' # Message is sent without any header. # payload is json JSON_PROTOCOL = 'json' ARGUMENT_JSON_PROTOCOL = 'json-dap' # Same header as the HTTP_PROTOCOL # payload is json HTTP_JSON_PROTOCOL = 'http_json' ARGUMENT_HTTP_JSON_PROTOCOL = 'json-dap-http' ARGUMENT_PPID = 'ppid' class _GlobalSettings: protocol = QUOTED_LINE_PROTOCOL def set_protocol(protocol): expected = (HTTP_PROTOCOL, QUOTED_LINE_PROTOCOL, JSON_PROTOCOL, HTTP_JSON_PROTOCOL) assert protocol in expected, 'Protocol (%s) should be one of: %s' % ( protocol, expected) _GlobalSettings.protocol = protocol def get_protocol(): return _GlobalSettings.protocol def is_json_protocol(): return _GlobalSettings.protocol in (JSON_PROTOCOL, HTTP_JSON_PROTOCOL) class GlobalDebuggerHolder: ''' Holder for the global debugger. ''' global_dbg = None # Note: don't rename (the name is used in our attach to process) def get_global_debugger(): return GlobalDebuggerHolder.global_dbg GetGlobalDebugger = get_global_debugger # Backward-compatibility def set_global_debugger(dbg): GlobalDebuggerHolder.global_dbg = dbg if __name__ == '__main__': if Null(): sys.stdout.write('here\n') Association of ER-alpha gene polymorphism with metabolic phenotypes in Chinese Hans. Recently, two polymorphisms (rs1884052 and rs3778099) of estrogen receptor alpha (ER-alpha) gene were identified as being associated with primary quantitative bone mineral density (BMD) in a genome-wide association (GWA) study in Framingham cohorts. In this study we aimed at investigating the association of rs1884052 and rs3778099, and another polymorphism (rs2234693) located at intron 1 of the ER-alpha gene with BMD, body mass index (BMI), glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol (CHO) levels in Chinese Hans. We recruited 425 consecutive adult volunteers who had a physical examination in the Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital. We did not observe significant association of rs1884052 and rs3778099 with BMD, BMI, glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol (CHO) levels. For rs2234693, increased levels of BMD for hip, spine or whole-body regions were consistently observed in TT/TC genotype carriers than in CC genotype carriers, although the board line significance diminished after adjusting for age and gender. However, significant association of rs2234693 with glucose and CHO levels were observed in our sample. Subjects with TC/CC genotypes were associated with an increased level of glucose (p = 0.013) and CHO (p = 0.032) levels than subjects with TT genotypes. In conclusion, we did not confirm the association of rs1884052 and rs3778099 with BMD originally discovered in a GWA study; however, we made novel discoveries that rs2234693 was associated with glucose and CHO levels in Chinese Hans.Matt Forte exits early with knee injury; will not return Bears running back Matt Forte has left Sunday’s game against the Chiefs because of a right knee injury. Forte was injured on a run deep in Chicago territory midway through the first quarter, when Kansas City’s Derrick Johnson hit him in the knee. He stayed on the ground for several minutes as medical personnel tended to him. The league’s third-leading rusher walked off the field on his own power and stayed on the sideline for a few minutes before heading to the locker room.Do you think there can be parallel universes? The parallels universes have been a controversial topic for many years there are many physics theories established by big minds like Albert Einstein with his string theory were pose a possibility of other parallels dimensions. There are many investigations about this topic and also in the world of art and cinema, we can see many examples of it like Stranger things, The Chronicles of Narnia, Doom etc. These parallels universes can be explained by the paradox of Schrödinger, It describes that the life of a cat depends on a particle, if the particle disintegrates the cat dies but if the particle does not disintegrate the cat will remain alive. that means that maybe in this world you are a veterinary but in another world you are a carpenter, because you did not have the same chance in both universes, and small variations can create another new reality.I think that we have still had a lot of things to discover about this beautiful universe. Do you believe in parallels universes? or is just a sci-fiction thing? February 17, 2018, 1:36 pm Responses (88) This topic has just been magnified by Hollywood and other several books but has not been proven. Even the black hole hasn't been established. But if ever

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very short duty cycles. The nature of these sources must be addressed via the characterization of their optical and/or infrared counterparts. ]{} [We investigate the nature of the optical counterparts to five of these newly discovered X-ray sources.]{} [We combine infrared spectra in the $I$, $J,H$ and $K$ bands together with $JHK$ photometry to characterize the spectral type, luminosity class and distance to the infrared counterparts to these systems. For IGR J19140$+$0951, we present spectroscopy from the red to the $K$ band and new red and infrared photometry. For SAX J18186$-$1703 and IGR J18483$-$0311, we present the first intermediate-resolution spectroscopy reported. Finally, for IGR J18027$-$2016, we present new $I$ and $K$ band spectra.]{} [We find that four systems harbour early-type B supergiants. All of them are heavily obscured, with $E(B-V)$ ranging between 3 and 5, implying visual extinctions of $\sim$ 9 to 15 magnitudes. We refine the published classifications of IGR J18027$-$2016 and IGR J19140$+$0951 by constraining their luminosity class. In the first case, we confirm the supergiant nature and rule out class III. In the second case, we propose a slightly higher luminosity class (Ia instead of Iab) and give an improved value of the distance based on new optical photometry. Two other systems, SAX J18186$-$1703 and IGR J18483$-$0311 are classified as Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients (SFXTs). XTE J1901$+$014, on the other hand, contains no bright infrared source in its error circle.]{} [Owing to their infrared and X-ray characteristics, IGR J18027$-$2016 and IGR J19140$+$0951, emerge as Supergiant X-ray binaries with X-ray luminosities of the order of $L_{X}\sim [1-2]\times 10^{36}$ erg s$^{-1}$, while SAX J1818.6$-$1703 and IGR J18483$-$0311, turn out to be SFXTs at 2 and 3 kpc, respectively. Finally, XTE J1901$+$014 emerges as a puzzling source: its X-ray behaviour is strongly reminiscent of the SFXTs but a supergiant nature is firmly ruled out for the counterpart. We discuss several alternative scenarios to explain its behaviour. ]{} Introduction ============ The [*INTEGRAL*]{} satellite has broadened our knowledge of X-ray binaries, by discovering a significant population of new X-ray sources. The Third [*IBIS/ISGRI*]{} cataloge [@bird07] contains more than 420 sources of which 167 are new. The on-line cataloge of [*INTEGRAL*]{} sources[^1] lists 245 sources discovered or re-discovered by [*INTEGRAL*]{}. Of these, 61 ($\sim 25$ %) remain unidentified and 81 ($\sim 33$ %) are extragalactic objects (AGNs, Seyferts, QSOs, etc). The rest are mainly X-ray binaries. 51 of them ($\sim 21$ %) turn out to be High Mass X-ray Binary candidates (HMXB), which were missed by previous missions because of their high obscuration, because of their very short X-ray cycles or a combination of both. Approximately half of them have been confirmed so far. Amongst these new 51 HMXB systems, there are a few Be/X-ray binaries (BeXB), Supergiant X-ray binaries (SGXB) and the newly established class of Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients [SFXT; e.g., @smith06; @neg06a; @sguera06]. This last class comprises 16 candidates of which nearly half have been confirmed. Before we can conclusively classify every new source and understand its X-ray behavior, we must first establish the nature of the counterpart. Since the majority of these sources are located in the galactic plane, and concentrated towards the galactic center region, they suffer from large extinction ($A_{V}\lesssim 15$ mag). Thus, their detection in the visual is often very difficult, and other strategies must be adopted. Detection and study of the counterparts in the infrared, however, is possible with 4 m class telescopes. An important caveat, though, is that the spectral classification of hot stars using infrared spectra is much more uncertain than using the well established MK standard 3950–4750 Å region. For example, the spectral classification based on the $K$ band spectrum cannot be done without fundamental ambiguities because of the lack of adequate spectral features in that range [@hanson96]. This problem can be, at least partially, circumvented by using the combined information of several spectral bands. However, this is often impossible to achieve within a single observing campaign. Following the discovery by *INTEGRAL*, intense observing campaigns have been undertaken [@chaty08; @masetti08; @nespoli08; @neg09 amongst others]. As these discoveries proceed, it is fundamental to refine and establish the nature of these new sources. In particular, a very important parameter is the distance to the system which, in turn, gives the X-ray luminosity, the main observable used to constrain the theoretical models. Most of the work done, however, has been based on $H$ and/or $K$ band spectra to overcome the high extinction. Classification based on a single infrared spectrum (in many cases of intermediate or low resolution only) allows only a crude approximation. For example, the difference in $M_{V}$ between a B1Ib and a B1Ia supergiant (which are difficult or even impossible to tell apart based on an intermediate resolution $H$ or $K$ spectrum) results in an uncertainty of an order of magnitude error in $L_{X}$ [@neg09]. In this paper, we combine new spectroscopy in several bands with new $JHK$ photometry (also $RI$ for one source) to further refine the spectral classification of a sample of these sources. The observations ================ Photometry ---------- [lccclccc]{} Source & 2MASS & R.A. & Dec. & Ref. & $J$ ($1.27\mu$m) & $H$ ($1.63\mu$m) & $K^{\prime}$ ($2.12 \mu$m)\ IGR J18027$-$2016 & 2MASS J18024194$-$2017172 & 18 02 41.94 & $-$20 17 17.3 & C &12.79$\pm 0.06$ & 11.96$\pm 0.08$ & 11.48$\pm 0.05$\ SAX J18186$-$1703 & 2MASS J18183790$-$1702479 & 18 18 37.90 & $-$17 02 47.9 & Z1 & 10.08$\pm 0.06$ & 8.94$\pm 0.08$ & 7.79$\pm 0.05$\ IGR J18483$-$0311$^{a}$ & 2MASS J18481720$-$0310168 & 18 48 17.20 & $-$03 10 16.8 & C & 10.84$\pm 0.03$ & 9.38$\pm 0.02$ & 8.47$\pm 0.02$\ IGR J19140$+$0951 & 2MASS J19140422$+$0952577 & 19 14 04.23 & +09 52 57.7 & Z2 & 11.33$\pm 0.06$ & 9.71$\pm 0.08$ & 8.83$\pm 0.05$\ C: @chaty08 Z1: @intzand06a Z2: @intzand06b Photometry from @rahoui08. For this source, the filters are centered at 1.25, 1.65 and $2.20\mu$m respectively. $JHK^{\prime}$ band photometry was obtained with the 3.5 m Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG) at the Island of La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain) during the nights of 2006 July 7 and 2007 May 1. In both runs the configuration was the same. The instrument used was the Near Infrared Camera and Spectrograph (NICS) in the Large Field configuration, equipped with a Rockwell 1024$\times$1024 HgCdTe Hawaii array detector, which gives a spatial scale of $0\farcs25$/pixel and covers a field of view of $4\farcm2\times4\farcm2$. During the night of 2006 July 7, the seeing was $0\farcs7$ in the $J$ band, very stable during the whole night, while on 2007 May 1, the seeing was $0\farcs8$. Each observation consists of a mosaic of five images constructed from a dithering pattern which kept the frame always on-source, using an automatic script available at the telescope. From this mosaic, flat-field correction, bad pixel map, sky subtraction and image co-addition where performed with the [SNAP]{} software[^2]. The photometry was subsequently performed using Starlink [gaia]{} on the final co-added frame. The Arnica standard star fields AS33 and AS27 [@hunt98] were observed throughout the night at a range of airmasses. Transformation

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. The club had to wait until 1970 for another promotion, when they were promoted as Liga Alef champions. They narrowly avoided relegation in the 1970–71 season, finishing above relegated Maccabi Petah Tikva on goal difference. However, they were relegated the following season after finishing bottom. This time they bounced back immediately as Liga Alef runners-up, and finished 13th in 1973–74, a single point above the relegation zone. Although 1974–75 saw the club finish in their highest-ever position, 7th, they were relegated the following season. The club made a second immediate return to the top flight as Liga Artzit (the new second division) champions, but were relegated again in 1979, marking their last appearance to date in the top division. In 1986 and 1989 the club won the Liga Artzit Toto Cup. In 1994 they were deducted 12 points after being found guilty of match-fixing in a league game against Hakoah Ramat Gan. They were relegated to the third tier in 1997, and following league restructuring in 1999, sank into the fourth division. They were relegated again to Liga Bet in 2003. In 2006, All the football clubs from Hadera merged into one club called Hapoel Ironi Eran Hadera, and at the end of the 2007–08 season the club won the South A division of Liga Bet and were promoted back to Liga Alef. In the 2009–10 season, the club battled for promotion to Liga Leumit and was leading 70% of the season at 1st place. However, they did not achieved promotion after finished 3rd place at Liga Alef South division. in next season of 2010–11 they changed division to the North, and it was a beginning of bad financial problem, and with small budget they needed to build the club from the beginning. at that season, the manager was Ami Elhadad, one of the players who played for the club in the 1970s. at the end of the season they finished in the 8th place. The 2011–12 season was one of their worst seasons, as they finished in the 14th place and had to play-off against Ihud Bnei Maksur from Liga bet. Hadera won the relegation play-off 2–1 after goals scored by Momo Nistel and Elias Zana. during the season, the club saw changes in the manager position, when Ami Elhadad resigned from the club, and replaced by the youth manager, Yohanan Israelov, who did not finish the season as well, as Itzik Ben Tora managed the club in the last two games. . In the 2012–13 season, Eyal Amar, former player for the club, took over the manager position, after three seasons as the manager of local rivals, F.C. Givat Olga. the club started the season well, when showed good games. However, at the end of season they finished in the 7th place. manager Eyal Amar left the club and returned to Givat Olga. In the 2013–14 season, the club was managed by Ahmed Wahab as manager and Yosef Mogiliovsky as assistant-manager, and placed 8th after the first round of the league (15 games). After Ahmed Wahab left the club with his son, Barkat, due to financial problems, and Kobi Badash left for Hapoel Migdal HaEmek, Hadera signed new manager, Ron Keler, which trained the youth section of the club, and finished the season in the 7th place, 6 points short of the promotion play-offs. In The 2014–15 season the started with Gil Fishel as new manager. but after 10 games the manager resign because of financial problems. and after that Sasha Feldman who was a player of the club take care of coaching team. after 4 games he left the club and in the derby with MS Givat olga Itsik Ben Tora stand on the line 1 match. than Yohanan Izraelov return to training the team he was coaching only 5 games and left too. Ron Keller who trained last season take care the club and made a success with team and reach 9th place at Liga alef north. and was the first to win derby in last match 1–0 on Givat Olga. In season 2015–16 was talking to take new management of the team but the talks didn't bring anything and Yoav Kobi still the owner of the club. The team signed new coach past player Momo Nistel that trained before Beitar Pardes Hana with success. In season 2016–17 was big day in the club. The team promote to Liga Leumit the second tier in Israel. after finishing 1st place in the league. It was first time after 20 seens it was the last time to play in second tier. In season 2017–18, the club was promoted again to the Israeli Premier League for the first time after 40 years from the second place of Liga Leumit. In the next season, Hapoel Hadera made a big sensation in the Premier League and secured the place in the championship playoff, what brought the club to improve their previous record in the First Division, seventh place, and finish the season in the sixth place. Current squad As to 6 February 2020 Honours League Cup competitions References 50 Years of Sports and More in Hadera, Efraim Frank (Israel), 2004, pp. 190–227 External links Official Site Hapoel Hadera Eran Israel Football Association Category:Football clubs in Israel Category:Sport in Hadera Hadera Category:Association football clubs established in 1949 Category:1949 establishments in IsraelQ: Drawing lines between arbitrary words on a page I try to get rid of tree-dvips and look for a way to do the following: Circle an arbitrary word on the page and draw an arrow from some other position at the page towards this circled word. In tree-dvips one can just simply declare a word a node and then use connection directives. I guess this can be done with pgf somehow, but the nodes seem to require a position in a coordinate system. This is the tree-dvips code: \documentclass{scrbook} \usepackage{tree-dvips} \begin{document} \begin{tabular}{lllllll} \node{bazas}{bāz-a\v{s}} & agar & mi-xāh-i & fardâ & \node{blk1}{} & bo-kon-i\\ open-\textsc{3sg} & if & \textsc{ipf}-want-\textsc{2sg} & tomorrow & {} & \textsc{sbj}-do-\textsc{2sg}\\ \end{tabular}\\[2ex] `If you want to open it tomorrow \ldots' {\makedash{1pt} \nodeoval{bazas} \abarnodeconnect[-18pt]{blk1}{bazas}} \end{document} A: run it with xelatex \documentclass{scrbook} \usepackage{fontspec} \usepackage{pst-node} \begin{document} \begin{tabular}{lllllll} \ovalnode[linestyle=dashed]{bazas}{bāz-a\v{s}} & agar & mi-xāh-i & fardâ & \rnode{blk1}{~} & bo-kon-i\\ open-\textsc{3sg} & if & \textsc{ipf}-want-\textsc{2sg} & tomorrow & {} & \textsc{sbj}-do-\textsc{2sg}\\ \end{tabular}\\[2ex] `If you want to open it tomorrow \ldots' \ncbar[linestyle=dashed,arrows=->,angle=-90,arm=20pt]{blk1}{bazas} \end{document} A: Addition: A solution with tikz: \documentclass{scrbook} \usepackage{tikz} \usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric} \begin{document} \begin{tabular}{lllllll} \tikz[remember picture,baseline]\node[anchor=base,ellipse,draw](bazas){baz-a\v{s}}; & agar & mi-xah-i & fardâ % & \node{blk1}{} & \tikz[remember picture,overlay] \draw[->,dashed] (0,0) -- ++(0pt,-4.75ex) coordinate(tmp1) -- (bazas |- tmp1) -- (bazas |- tmp1) -- (bazas); & bo-kon-i \\ open-\textsc{3sg} & if & \textsc{ipf}-want-\textsc{2sg} & tomorrow & {} & \textsc{sbj}-do-\textsc{2sg}\\ \end{tabular}\\[2ex] `If you want to open it tomorrow \ldots' \end{document} Science

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84\<.012.170.50--9.360.300.880.65--1.190.41Education Primary\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- Secondary0.750.54--1.020.070.730.52--1.010.064.830.71--32.940.110.760.56--1.050.09 Tertiary1.120.73--1.710.601.180.76--1.830.471.310.17--10.400.790.970.63--1.480.88Housing Living at home^a^\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- Living at home^b^1.601.01--2.530.041.701.04--2.780.041.440.30--6.900.651.721.08--2.740.02 Assisted living0.710.38--1.310.270.900.47--1.710.75\<.01\<.0010.960.610.33--1.130.12 Care home0.680.37--1.240.210.780.39--1.570.480.080.01--0.48\<.010.510.28--0.930.03Use of Analgesics^c^2.171.48--3.16\<.012.131.42--3.18\<.012.620.49--13.982.622.751.88--4.03\<.01BMI Adiposity1.140.71--1.840.601.170.71--1.920.530.240.02--2.810.251.480.92--2.390.11 Overweight1.210.89--1.650.221.190.86--1.630.303.140.71--13.990.131.371.01--1.860.05 Normal weight\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- Underweight0.740.29--1.910.530.550.20--1.530.252.880.07--114.060.571.360.05--3.480.52Barthel Index^d^0.990.98--1.010.190.990.98--1.010.301.010.96--1.070.640.990.98--1.010.27Depressive symptoms^e^1.151.08--1.22\<.011.141.07--1.22\<.011.421.01--1.990.041.141.07--1.21\<.01MMSE^f^0.600.35--1.030.06\-\-\-\-\--0.690.41--1.170.17Notes: *OR* Odds Ratio, Alpha was set to 0.05^a^Participants without care support^b^Participants with care support^c^use of analgesics: dichotomized^d^Barthel Index: score 0--100^e^GDS score 0--15^f^MMSE: score 0--30, cut-off ≤25 for mild cognitive impairment, \> 25 no cognitive impairment Model 1 -- Overall pain ratings {#Sec11} ------------------------------- In model 1 we tested the association of demographic and clinical characteristics on the overall sample. Male sex was statistically significantly associated with lower PRS (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.45--0.84) while contrary associations were found for age. Individuals between 90 to 94 years of age scored significantly lower in the PRS (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.48--0.88) than the younger age bracket. Considering the housing situation higher PRS was significantly associated with participants living at home with care support. There is a 1.6 higher possibility of experiencing pain for this group than living at home without care support (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.01--2.53). There was also a significant association for analgesics. Participants receiving analgesics experience twice as much pain (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.48--3.16). Furthermore higher PRS was significantly associated with depression (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.08--1.22). No significant evidence showed for differences in education, BMI or Barthel-Index. Model 2 and 3 - MMSE status {#Sec12} --------------------------- In model two and three we divided the sample in NCI and MCI participants and found significant associations for both groups: Again male sex was significantly associated with lower pain ratings for both groups (NCI: OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.44--0.85 and MCI: OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.05--0.93). Significant associations for age appeared according to model 1 for NCI aged 90 to 94 years old. The older age group scored significantly lower in the PRS (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.44--0.84). No association with age was found for the group the MCI-participants. Concerning the housing situation living at home with care support was significantly associated with higher ratings on the PRS for NCI (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.04--2.78) and significantly associated with lower ratings on the PRS for MCI-participants living in a care-home (OR 0.08, 95% CI 0.01--0.48). Also for both groups higher PRS was significantly associated with depression (NCI: OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.07--1.22 and MCI: OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.01--1.99). Significant associations for analgesics were found for NCI. Those taking analgesics reported twice as much pain (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.42--3.18). No significant figures appeared for education, BMI or Barthel-Index. Model 4 - impairment in daily activities {#Sec13} ---------------------------------------- In model 4 we analyzed the impairment in daily activities for the overall sample. Again we found a significant association for lower impairment in daily activities with male sex (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.43--0.80), analgesics (OR 2.75, 95% CI 1.88--4.03) and depression (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.07--1.21). The housing situation showed significant less impairment in daily activities for participants living in a care home (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.28--0.93) and more impairment for participants living at home with care support (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.08--2.74). For BMI stronger impairment in daily activities was significantly associated with overweight participants (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.01--1.86). Education and Barthel-Index did not reach statistical significance. Discussion {#Sec14} ========== This was one of a few existing studies focusing on the prevalence of pain and associated factors such as age, gender, use of analgesics, cognitive state, medication and depression among the population of 85+ year olds. Age {#Sec15} --- The study demonstrated a high prevalence of pain (63%) among the age group of 85+ and strong experience impairments with everyday life due to pain (69%). Additionally, our findings suggest that older adults report less pain. These findings are supported by Zyczkowska (2007) \[[@CR25]\] who reported decreasing pain scores with growing age for both men and women. The researchers name a changing, more accepting attitude towards pain with increasing age, a "survival bias" meaning only the healthiest managed to reach very old age as possible grounds for these results. In depth research could provide more distinct answers into what leads to these changes in old age and may help overcome fears of ageing. Gender {#Sec16} ------ Regardless of the cognitive state, men seem to experience less pain and impairment in everyday life due to pain. According to these findings, female gender could increase the risk of experiencing pain. Similar finding have been reported in literature across all age groups \[[@CR6], [@CR25], [@CR26]\]. Reasons can be differences in individual pain perception, personal coping strategies or social settings \[[@CR27], [@CR28]\]. Gaining a better understanding of the different kinds of pain may also play an important role and may allow deeper insight of coping strategies and physiological factors in men and women \[[@CR29], [@CR30]\]. Housing situation {#Sec17} ----------------- Regarding the housing situation, our data show differences for the housing arrangements chosen in late life. In our sample, 47.8% of women and 34.5% of men aged 90+ years are living in care homes where activities of daily living are reduced and support through care staff is given in many areas \[[@CR1]\] which may reduce possible pain hazards. Furthermore, it can be speculated that the availability and home visits of general practitioners are at a higher frequency than in any other housing setting which could have positive effects on pain management. It may also explain why on the other hand participants living at home receiving care experience significantly more pain and more impairment in activities of daily living. Health care services providing care in the community are generally under immense time pressure and restriction of duties applied by the indication of care level or previous health care assessments e.g. supplying medication, changing bandaging, wash the person. It is also unclear whether pain assessment is part of health care services in the community by default nor if caring relatives focus on the issue. Hence the differences in pain prevalence point to a gap in pain management in

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iw: חשיבה שמתאמת בין סוגי הטיפול במקום לפצל אותם. חשיבה המבוססת על האוכלוסיה ועל הקהילה, במקום על בית החולים והרופאים. וחשוב מכל, עלינו לנטוש את המודל הרפואי המסורתי ולעבור למודל שמתחשב בגורמים החברתיים שביסוד הבריאות. כיום אנו מבינים שבריאותה של אוכלוסיה נקבעת בראש ובראשונה ע"י גורמים שאינם הטיפול הרפואי, או בתי החולים ומשרדי הרופאים. למעשה, אלה קובעים רק 10% מבריאותה של הקהילה. יתר ה-90% הם גורמים התנהגותיים וחברתיים. מה כוונתי ב"גורמים חברתיים שקובעים את המצב הבריאותי"? כוונתי לגורמים כגון מצב חברתי-כלכלי, הזדמנויות השכלה, בטחון תעסוקתי ובטחון מקום העבודה, דיור, שכונות בטוחות, מעמד חברתי, ומה שבמיוחד חשוב בעיני: התחושה שיש לכם מקום בחברה, Spanish: Uno que coordine los cuidados, no uno que lo fragmente. Uno que se base en la comunidad y en la población, en vez de uno basado en el hospital y los médicos. Y, lo que es más importante, tenemos que cambiar el sistema de atención sanitaria tradicional por uno que haga frente a los factores sociales que repercuten en la salud. Y ahora entendemos que la salud de la población está determinada sobre todo por factores que son de asistencia médica, ni hospitalaria ni consultas médicas. De hecho, esto solo constituye el 10% de lo que determina la salud de una comunidad. El otro 90% depende de factores sociales y de comportamiento. Y, ¿a qué me refiero con factores sociales que repercuten en la salud? Me refiero a factores como el nivel socioeconómico, las oportunidades educativas, el puesto de trabajo y la seguridad laboral, la vivienda, los barrios seguros, el estatus social y uno que es especialmente importante para mí: sentir que tienen un lugar en la sociedad, Russian: Та, которая координирует лечение, а не разваливает его. Та, которая ориентирована на население и общество, а не на больницу и врача. И нам, самое главное, необходимо перейти с традиционной медицинской модели на модель, которая охватывает социальные факторы здоровья. Мы понимаем, что здоровье населения обусловлено преимущественно другими факторами, помимо лечебной работы, больниц и кабинетов врачей. В сущности, они составляют всего 10% того, что определяет здоровье общества. Остальные 90% — это поведенческие и социальные факторы. Что же я подразумеваю под социальными факторами здоровья? Я имею в виду такие факторы, как социально-экономический статус, возможности для получения образования, профессия и гарантия рабочего места, жильё, безопасные районы, социальный статус, и особенно важным для меня является осознание того, что ты являешься частью общества, Portuguese: Um que coordene a assistência à saúde, em vez de fragmentá-la. Um que tenha como base a população e a comunidade, em vez de hospitais e médicos. E nós, principalmente, precisamos abandonar o modelo médico tradicional por um modelo que adote as determinantes sociais de saúde. Hoje, entendemos que a saúde de uma população é predominantemente determinada por fatores alheios aos cuidados clínicos, a hospitais e a consultórios. Na verdade, eles somam apenas 10% do que determina a saúde de uma comunidade. Os outros 90% são fatores comportamentais e sociais. O que quero dizer por determinantes sociais de saúde? Quero dizer fatores como a situação socioeconômica, as oportunidades de educação, a segurança profissional e no trabalho, moradia, bairros seguros, status social e um que é especialmente importante para mim: a sensação de se ter um lugar na sociedade, Spanish: sentir que tienen un sistema de asistencia social, sentir que los valora. Y sabemos que aquellos que se sienten infravalorados sufren mala salud. Cuando estaba en acogida, vi a niños que no tenían la oportunidad de recibiruna educación y ahora sé que si no conseguían un título de secundaria, eran cinco veces más propensos a tener peor salud que yo, que tenía formación universitaria. Y vi a niños que solo habían vivido en la pobreza, y ahora sé que son ocho veces más propensos a tener mala salud que sus compañeros más afortunados. Mis experiencias me han mostrado la relación entre estos factores sociales sanitarios y el estado de salud de una comunidad y de una persona. Y estas realidades exigen que hagamos frente a los factores sociales que repercuten en la salud Y este es mi mensaje: la salud no es solo responsabilidad de los médicos. Japanese: あなたが社会的保証制度を得ていると感じていることそしてあなたが尊重されていると感じていることです私は尊重されていないと感じる人は不健康であることを知っています私が

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281, 253, 1786, 187, 7955, 2688, 15, 4325, 253, 1929, 2219, 285, 19749, 46321, 24835, 13, 309, 2797, 4209, 2739, 187, 20612, 2476, 29892, 326, 253, 40501, 22462, 369, 4518, 3636, 347, 253, 48615, 4958, 15, 187, 42, 840, 11580, 253, 10301, 13, 6730, 253, 9189, 13, 2797, 3081, 29892, 13, 285, 187, 49845, 1243, 37263 ]

you name it — to hand out souvenir token coins. Often, these tokens could be redeemed for special offers — like a free meal, free admission, or something like that. Even places like Chuck E. Cheese used to have tokens that you could use to play arcade games. Many of these old tokens are collectible and are worth $1 to $5. Rare tokens, such as those that were used during the Civil War era, are worth hundreds of dollars. Big Coins “I have a large Indian Head penny. Is it rare? What’s it worth?” I’ve gotten this specific question more than a few times over the years. I actually own one of these replica coins, and I bought it for $4 at an old-timey tourist gift shop in Florida. Large coins like this are neat-looking replicas, but that’s all they are. They’re not legal tender in any way. Most of these big coins are made from base metals and aren’t typically worth more than $3 to $5. Big coins come in many different designs. I’ve personally seen the following: Large Lincoln pennies Large Buffalo nickels Large Jefferson nickels Large Mercury dimes Large Roosevelt dimes Large Washington quarters Large Walking Liberty half dollars Large Franklin half dollars Large Kennedy half dollars Large Morgan silver dollars Large Peace silver dollars Large Eisenhower dollars While none of these big coins are rare or valuable, they make great conversation pieces and look cool on the mantle. Tiny Coins “I have a tiny Kennedy half dollar. What’s it worth?” On the opposite end of the spectrum are tiny coins that look like the real thing but are only a fraction of the size of their regular coin counterparts. In fact, they’re tiny novelty coins. Some of them were made for doll play sets. Some are play money. But those realistic-looking, mini coins that you may have are small novelty coins that are 100% true to the original coins they replicate — they’re just a fraction of the size! I bought a few of these tiny coins just for the fun of owning some. They’re worth 50 cents to $1 apiece, and while they’re not rare (and certainly aren’t legal tender), they’re still pretty awesome to hold in the hand. Two-Headed Coins (Or Coins With Two “Tails” Sides) “Why does my nickel have Jefferson on both sides? What’s this two-headed coin worth?” I always hate breaking the news to people that these coins aren’t valuable and, technically, they aren’t even legal tender. These two-headed (or double tails) coins are usually fantasy pieces that were made by hollowing out the side of one coin right up to the rim and meticulously (and snugly) fitting another coin inside the shell. Normally, two-headed coins are made for illusionists or people who want to win bar bets. Exonumia coins like this are worth anywhere from 25 cents to a few dollars as novelty coins. But they aren’t rare, and you don’t want to try spending any as real money! Coins That Are Blank On One Side However, modern minting techniques make it virtually impossible to strike a coin that looks perfect on one side and completely blank on the other. NOTE: There are some real error coins that look weak or somewhat mutilated on one side. Different types of error coins like this exist, and based on the origin of the error are worth between $5 and $100 (or more). Normally, when people ask me questions about coins that are blank on one side, the photo I end up seeing is a coin that looks normal on one side but has tiny grooves or striations on the “blank” side. That typically means somebody sanded away or sheared off the other side and later polished it to look like the coin was really struck only on one side. Blank coins are real coins that have been terribly mutilated to look like unusual one-sided coins. Often, they’re produced for illusionists or people fascinated with fantasy coins or other exonumia oddities. For the most part, these one-sided coins may be neat to look at, but have no monetary value in the general coin collector market. Colorized Coins “My American Silver Eagle is painted red, white, and blue. What’s it worth?” Colorized coins are real coins that have been altered outside of the U.S. Mint. Some private mints will colorize regular Washington quarters, American Silver Eagle coins, or other pieces and sell them as special novelty coins. While these painted coins are often beautiful works of coin art, they are not rare and aren’t valuable. In numismatic terms, colored coins are usually worth only whatever the intrinsic metal content of the coin itself is worth. Other Types Of Strange Coins I’m a roller coaster junkie, a weather enthusiast, a frequent traveler, and a numismatist. My love for coins began when I was 11 years old. I primarily collect and study U.S. coins produced during the 20th century. I’m a member of the American Numismatic Association (ANA) and the Numismatic Literary Guild (NLG). I’ve also been studying meteorology and watching weather patterns for years. I enjoy sharing little-known facts and fun stuff about coins, weather, travel, health, food, and living green… on a budget. MORE LIKE THIS ... FREE U.S. COINS NEWSLETTER VIA EMAIL Stay up to date with what's happening on The U.S. Coin Guide. From finding Rare Coins to determining Coin Values and other Fun Things To Do With Coins... you'll always be the first to see these helpful tips as soon as we publish a new article.Search Results ENGL 201. English Literature to 1800. 3 Hours. A study of works representative of the major writers and periods from the Middle Ages through the 18th century, with emphasis on critical understanding of these works and on the influences that produced them. Prerequisite: (ENGL 101 with a minimum grade of D or HUM 101 with a minimum grade of D) and ENGL 102 with a minimum grade of D.A considerable number of food poisoning incidents occur every year in every major community. Such incidents often go unrecognized; and many recognized incidents are not reported to the health authorities. But occasionally the nature of the illness is so distinctive, the latent interval sufficiently short, and the numbers of people involved and the circumstances are such that a number of victims report their illnesses to the health department. These are the visible part of the food poisoning "iceberg", and it is imperative that all such reports be carefully received and recorded on a standard Food Poisoning Report form, by the epidemiologist, a designated public health nurse or sanitarian. Each report should then be promptly examined by the community epidemiologist, and whenever the nature and circumstances of the reported illness warrants it, an appropriate investigation must be quickly performed, initially by telephone. Often an investigation is triggered by a cluster of two or more reports closely associated in nature, time, and place. Herewith a number of food poisoning investigation reports from my files, which may be useful for neophyte epidemiologists when confronted with similar incidents: Occasionally we received bogus reports of food-borne illness; some from obvious cranks, or persons seeking to develop a basis for suing a restaurant or manufacturer; which wasted the time of one or more of us. And not infrequently, someone would bring a can or bottle with dubious contents and demand that we analyze the contents "for any poisonous substance". To do such an open-ended examination for every conceivable poison that might be in a specimen would require exorbitant expenditure of laboratory and manpower resources. But if we summarily refused to examine any such specimen, the offended party might soon complain about our disinterest to political officials, with repercussions. Hence, we ordinarily accepted such specimens, to be held in a refrigerator or freezer pending submission of one or more stool specimens, By requiring submission of a designated number of stool specimens before undertaking any extensive laboratory examination requested, we fended off many cranks few of whom are willing to go to the trouble of submitting multiple stool specimens. During my seven years with the Seattle-King County Health Department, I investigated many food poisoning outbreaks, some of which were quite memorable; and for some of which I have found reports. One such I remember, but for which I do not yet find a report, was from "The Maison Blanche" restaurant (no longer operative). It came to my notice because a number of prominent business persons who ate lunch there became sufficiently ill with high fever and diarrheal illness that they were hospitalized, and Salmonella Typhimurium isolated from their feces. These cases were reported to the health department. From the known cases and luncheon companions, I obtained sufficient food consumption histories that the crab salad was clearly identified as the offending vehicle. I then visited the restaurant, examined the facilities, obtained additional histories, and obtained rectal

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776, 3114, 13, 627, 403, 247, 2257, 273, 952, 751, 479, 835, 2622, 6498, 3038, 816, 1053, 457, 85, 789, 1425, 187, 187, 1989, 5909, 253, 11008, 3548, 457, 85, 253, 990, 14, 455, 273, 521, 5827, 15, 401, 483, 91, 310, 2819 ]

ila of the Road Runner and Coyote because the cliffs surrounding the cala are a deep orange similar to the cartoon! Cala Xarraca, Cala Tarida, Cala Xuclar and all the little rock pools around Figueretes and are some of the favourites. We hear Ibiza has several markets held weekly on the island. Any favourites? There are so many markets; I wish I had made it to more! There is a massive 'Hippy Market' in Punta Arabi, which is definitely worth a visit. You could spend the whole day there, as it's so big. They have live music and children's workshops so it's a great day out for the family. Friends of ours married on Formentera recently and had such a relaxing trip with their entire tribe. Do you guys go there? Formentera is paradise! We have only been once but we would love to go back and spend more time there. Fomentera is only a half-hour ferry ride from Ibiza so definitely a must-do while you are there, even if only for a day! We also love Mallorca, which is the larger island north of Ibiza. Weather-wise, when is the best time of year to visit Ibiza? We have always been in the summer so we can escape the Australian 'winter' but I would love to go in their winter. The locals say it has such a cool vibe and is so different to the tourist-packed summer. I really noticed this year how busy Ibiza was getting each day we were there so if you do go in summer, just be prepared for crowds. August is the busiest so I really enjoy June and September there as it's still warm but not crazy busy. Where do you usually stay and can you recommend any family-friendly areas? We have always stayed in the south-west of the island around Playa d'en Bossa, Figueretes and Talamanca. We prefer this area as it's close to the Old Town of Eivissa and not as touristy as it is around San Antonio on the other side of the island. Playa d'en Bossa is a main party area so can get a little crazy at night but I always felt fine having Lila there during the day and early evening. There are certainly more chilled parts of the island if you would prefer to be away from the action. I'd recommend hiring a car, as it’s the best way to see the island. Nothing is too far, and we would jump in the car and just go exploring. Everywhere is well signposted so we never used a GPS, which I loved as it reminded me of the old days. Anything else you wish to share about your travels that likeminded families may love to read? My biggest tip for travelling to Spain with children is to go with the flow! It's such a different lifestyle to ours in Australia and if you get caught up with staying in what may be a typical home routine, you might miss out on some of the fun! Lila is a night owl anyway but in Spain, she would go to bed late and sleep in late and we found that fit in better with Ibiza life. The sun doesn't set until 9.30ish in summer so the evenings are lovely to enjoy at the beach or outdoors. We enjoyed so many sunsets together which was really special. Also encourage your children to try the local foods and learn the language. It's amazing how adventurous they can be and what knowledge they take in.NEW DELHI -- India and France have joined hands to spearhead a global "solar revolution" with an aim to generate one terawatt of energy by 2030, an ambitious goal that requires $1 trillion in funds. "There are financial and regulation hurdles and capacity hurdles," said visiting French President Emmanuel Macron at the founding conference of the International Solar Alliance here on Sunday. He added the private and public sectors and society needed to come together to overcome these challenges. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi is the chief architect of the ISA that he launched with then French President Francois Hollande in Paris in November 2015 during a convention on climate change. The alliance involves 121 prospective member-countries that fall between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, and are exposed to the "maximum solar intensity of over 300 days a year," acording to a bureaucrat at the Indian external affairs ministry. The ISA aims to facilitate the large-scale deployment of solar energy in those countries, that are home to 73% of the world's population -- by aggregating the demand for funding, technology and innovation. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and French President Emmanuel Macron with other participants at the first conference of the International Solar Alliance in New Delhi on March 11. (Photo courtesy of Press Information Bureau of India) So far, 62 countries have signed the ISA framework agreement, out of which 32 have already ratified it. Australia, Bangladesh, Cuba, France, Ghana, India, Papua New Guinea, Sudan, Sri Lanka, Togo, the United Arab Emirates and Venezuela are among those that have ratified the agreement. These nations, Macron said, have 138 gigawatt of solar power potential over the next five years. "Depending on the countries, 20-50% of population does not have access to electricity," he said, pointing to the pent-up demand. During the summit, New Delhi also announced 27 solar projects under the Indian government's credit lines in 15 countries, including Bangladesh, Chad, Congo, Ghana, Mali, Rwanda and Sri Lanka. The estimated cost of these projects is $1.4 billion. Separately, Macron and Modi on Monday inaugurated a 100-megawatt solar power plant built by French firm ENGIE in northern Uttar Pradesh state's Mirzapur area, a key step in meeting the target of 100 gigawatt of electricity in India from solar energy by 2022. Macron applauded India's efforts in expanding renewable energy capacity within two years, from 39GW to 63GW, with solar energy growing up by 140%. "You [India] attracted investment, you supported them, you are training your own people. This is what the alliance of 121 countries in Africa, Asia, Latin America and Oceania shall be doing," Macron said Sunday. France, Macron said, has already met its 2015 pledge of providing 300 million euros ($369 million) to ISA member countries, and the French development agency will allocate an additional 700 million euros to its solar energy commitments by 2022. Referring to "solar mamas," a group of African women trained as solar engineers under an Indian government program, Macron said these women "didn't wait and didn't stop because some countries decided to just leave the floor and leave the Paris agreement." They kept on moving "because they decided it's good for them, their children and grandchildren. They decided to act and keep acting," he said. Macron's comment was an oblique reference to U.S. President Donald Trump's decision to withdraw from the Paris climate agreement reached in 2015 with an aim to curb global carbon emissions and slow rising temperatures. For his part, Modi pointed out that India has started the world's largest renewable energy expansion program. "We will generate 175GW of electricity from renewables by 2022, of which 100GW of power will be from solar energy." For the ISA, he presented an action plan that includes affordable solar technology for all, low-risk finance and an increased ratio of solar power in the energy mix. "We have to ensure that a better and affordable solar technology is easily accessible to everyone," he said. "We will have to provide concessional and low-risk financing for solar projects, and develop regulatory aspects and standards to [find solutions]," he said, adding consultancy support would be required for "bankable solar projects" in developing countries. Macron's 4-day India visit concludes on Monday.New Gym in Avon Opens for Business The new Raise the Bar fitness center and gym is officially open in Avon. Photo by Joy Crist The new Raise the Bar fitness center and gym in Avon is open for business, although an official grand opening as well as 24/7 hours of operation is on the horizon, per owner Seth Foutz. Foutz, a 20+ year chef and island resident, was one of the local members affected by the closure of the Spa Koru gym at the end of 2018, but after a little mentoring from Spa Koru owner Joe Thompson, he quickly set a plan in motion to open a new gym less than a half mile away from the former one. Raise the Bar is located at the Kinnakeet Corner complex at the edge of Avon Village, and the 2,700 square foot space features high-impact floors, new walls, and a variety of equipment throughout the spacious interior. Currently, the gym is open from 8 a.m. until 8 p.m., but Foutz will soon be installing a 24-hour keyless access system that will allow members to work out on their own schedule. “Working in the restaurant industry, I never went to gym in the summer because the hours [of operation] didn’t work with my schedule,” said Foutz in an earlier interview. “And in our community, there are a lot of people like me where normal operating hours just don’t work.” But opening the doors isn’t the end-all of his plans. Foutz is looking

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497, 2264, 7891, 313, 10387, 13440, 13, 14215, 2798, 2728, 285, 34879, 26954, 7891, 558, 2264, 13440, 21055, 285, 7891, 313, 12554, 272, 5678, 14215, 2798, 2728, 285, 34879, 26954, 21055, 285, 7891, 558, 285, 18185, 1955, 281, 10021, 3394, 15, 12979, 6933, 7587, 313, 1348, 13, 26881, 5705, 2239, 16, 30, 3925 ]

, and then the drop down option "My Vouchers." Here you will see all the deals you have purchased. If you purchased a voucher from us, it will show up there as "2712 Designs". Click on the blue button "View Voucher", which will give you a download of your voucher code and instructions on how to redeem under "How to Use." Your Groupon voucher will begin with "G" and end with either "REC" , "SQ", "EMB" or "HND" depending on the item that you purchased. Not sure where you should be? Check the end of your voucher code: If your voucher code ends in REC, your voucher is valid on a rectangle stamp design which can be found here: Rectangle Stamps If your voucher code ends in SQ, your voucher is valid on a square stamp stamp design which can be found here: Square Stamps If your voucher code ends in EMB, your voucher is valid on a desk embosser stamp design which can be found here: Desk Embossers If your voucher code ends in HND, your voucher is valid on a hand embosser stamp design which can be found here: Hand Embossers Still having difficulty? 1. Make sure to click on the product link provided with your voucher to ensure you are taken to the correct product page associated with your voucher code (also see above). 2. Be sure that you copy and paste your voucher code from the purchaser and paste it into the coupon box in the checkout page. Voucher codes must be exact, missing or having just one character off will cause your voucher to be rejected. 3. Check that your voucher has not expired. Expired vouchers can be used as store credit for the paid value. Please contact for assistance if your voucher has expired. How do I redeem my voucher?Choose the stamp design that you would like under Shop > Self-Inking Stamps or Self-Inking Square Stampsand click "Order." Fill in personalization lines. Double check all spelling & punctuation and then click "Add to Cart." Repeat process if you would like to order additional stamps or click on the cart icon on the top right corner to continue to checkout. Type or paste in voucher code in the white box and then click "Apply Coupon." Once voucher code had been deducted, click on "Proceed to Checkout." Enter your billing, shipping address and payment information to complete your order. My Voucher code is not working? Please note that all of our voucher codes end with the following letters: REC - Codes ending in this will only work with rectangle stamps found here SQ - Codes ending in this will only work with square stamps found here Will I get a digital proof of my stamp? No, unfortunately a digital proof is not included in this deal. When will my stamp ship? After you have placed your order and redeemed your voucher through the 2712 Designs website, your stamp order will ship within 10-14 business days. When your order has shipped an email confirmation including tracking number will be sent to the email used to place your order through 2712 Designs. You can track your order here ---> Track My OrderI purchased more than one voucher, but it's only letting me enter one voucher? If you've purchased more than one voucher, you will need to make a separate order for each voucher code. I placed my stamp order, but would like to make a change? Once your order has been submitted we may be able to make a change as long as it has not been made. Please email us and we can assist you with this. Locating your voucher code: After you place your order with LivingSocial, they provide you with a voucher code, which you then take to our website to redeem for a stamp. Your Living Social voucher will begin with "S" and end with either "REC" , "SQ" or "EMB" depending on the item that you purchased. To view your voucher code: Sign into your LivingSocial account, click on your username at the top right hand corner, and then the drop down option "My Vouchers." Here you will see all the deals you have purchased. If you purchased a voucher from us, it will show up there as "2712 Designs". Your LivingSocial voucher will begin with "S" and end with either "REC" , "SQ", "EMB" or "HND" depending on the item that you purchased. Not sure where you should be? Check the end of your voucher code: If your voucher code ends in REC, your voucher is valid on a rectangle stamp design which can be found here: Rectangle Stamps If your voucher code ends in SQ, your voucher is valid on a square stamp stamp design which can be found here: Square Stamps If your voucher code ends in EMB, your voucher is valid on a desk embosser stamp design which can be found here: Desk Embossers If your voucher code ends in HND, your voucher is valid on a hand embosser stamp design which can be found here: Hand Embossers Still having difficulty? 1. Make sure to click on the product link provided with your voucher to ensure you are taken to the correct product page associated with your voucher code (also see above). 2. Be sure that you copy and paste your voucher code from the purchaser and paste it into the coupon box in the checkout page. Voucher codes must be exact, missing or having just one character off will cause your voucher to be rejected. 3. Check that your voucher has not expired. Expired vouchers can be used as store credit for the paid value. Please contact for assistance if your voucher has expired. Expired vouchers can be used as store credit for the paid value. Please click help on the right of the page. Please provide us with the following information: 1. Your voucher code 2. The email address you would like the store credit to be sent to Shipping fees vary by product. You can always see how much the shipping fees will be by adding what you want to the cart. Then click on the shipping calculator and the shipping fees will appear. We test all stamps functionality and quality before they are shipped, so I've included some helpful tips to ensure the best stamped image. First, I suggest removing and re-inserting your design plate as, although rare, it may have shifted while in transit. Please view the link included with a quick video on how to properly remove and insert your design plate. https://www.2712designs.com/how-to/ Here are our recommendations to get the best impression: 1. Use your stamp on a clean, dry, flat, hard surface such as a desk or non textured table. If you seem to be having difficulties with certain areas of your stamp, try stamping on a slightly cushioned surface such as an even stack of paper or a mouse pad. 2. Be sure that the item you are stamping is separate from the stack. Stamp on one layer at a time. 3. When using our stamps on enveloped, stamp before stuffing. When stamping on the flap, fold out and stamp on single surface. 4. Stamp in a clean, straight motion with even pressure. Keep the stamp body steady and do not rock as this may result in an uneven impression and unwanted ink marks. 6. While we do not recommend stamping on textured surfaces, it can be done but will most likely result in an uneven impression. 7. Our stamps are not suitable for use on glossy surfaces as the ink is water based and will not dry entirely. A speciality ink set can be purchased for glossy surfaced materials. Current processing is 10-14 business days. Rush Processing is available for an additional $30.00. Rush Processing gets your item made and shipped in 1 business day and includes USPS Priority Mail shipping (approx. 3-5 business day delivery time after shipment). If you would like this option, please select RUSH at checkout.Pharmacotherapy for hypertension in the elderly. Elevated blood pressure (known as hypertension) increases with age, and most rapidly over age 60. Systolic hypertension is more strongly associated with cardiovascular disease than diastolic hypertension, and occurs more commonly in older people. It is important to know the benefits and harms of antihypertensive treatment of hypertension in this age group. To quantify antihypertensive drug effect on overall mortality, cardiovascular mortality and morbidity and withdrawal due to adverse effects in people 60 years and older with mild to moderate systolic or diastolic hypertension. Updated search of electronic database of EMBASE, CENTRAL, MEDLINE until Dec 2008; previous search of two Japanese databases (1973-1995) and WHO-ISH Collaboration register (August 1997); references from reviews, trials and previously published meta-analyses; and experts. Randomized controlled trials of at least one year duration in hypertensive elders (at least 60 years old) comparing antihypertensive drug therapy with placebo or no treatment and providing morbidity and mortality data. Outcomes assessed were total mortality (including cardiovascular, coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular mortality); total cardiovascular morbidity and mortality (representing combined coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality); and withdrawal due to adverse events. Fifteen trials (24,055 subjects >/= 60

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take the BSD sockets API for granted, it wasn't obvious it was the right API. STREAMS were a competing API design on System V Revision 3. With the BSD Sockets API came the select() syscall. But why was it necessary? I always thought that the "proper" Unix way to write network servers in was to create one worker process for each connection. In case of TCP/IP servers, this meant the accept-and-fork model: sd = bind (); while ( 1 ) { cd = accept ( sd ); if ( fork () == 0 ) { close ( sd ); // Worker code goes here. Do the work for `cd` socket. exit ( 0 ); } // Get back to `accept` loop. Don't leak the `cd`. close ( cd ); } While this model may be sufficient for writing basic network services 3, it's not enough for non-trivial programs. Terminal multiplexing Around 1983, Rob Pike was developing Blit, a fancy graphical terminal for Research Unix 8th Edition. Best to see it in action: Here's the Blit research paper for the curious. Blit clearly did terminal multiplexing. It allowed users to interact with multiple virtual consoles over a single physical serial link. I asked Mr. Pike about the history of select : Accept-and-fork, as you call it, makes it impossible for multiple clients to share state on the server. It's not just about networking either; one influence was the work with the Blit. While running two synchronous processes to power cu was sufficient, it wasn't enough to power Blit. Blit did require some kind of socket multiplexing facility to work smoothly. I would speculate that there was an theoretical alternative. One might try to extend the cu model and hack together a file descriptor multiplexer by spawning multiple processes blocking on I/O and having them synchronized on some kind of IPC. Unfortunately no decent IPC mechanisms existed for BSD. System V IPC was released in January 1983, but nothing comparable was implemented on BSD. I went through the 4.2BSD man pages and couldn't find any kind of real IPC4. With lack of any serious IPC mechanisms, it seems likely that Blit simply needed select to be able to do the console multiplexing. Back to sockets I contacted Kirk McKusick about the history of select . He replied: Select was introduced to allow applications to multiplex their I/O. Consider a simple application like a remote login. It has descriptors for reading from and writing to the terminal and a descriptor for the (bidirectional) socket. It needs to read from the terminal keyboard and write those characters to the socket. It also needs to read from the socket and write to the terminal. Reading from a descriptor that has nothing queued causes the application to block until data arrives. The application does not know whether to read from the terminal or the socket and if it guesses wrong will incorrectly block. So select was added to let it find out which descriptor had data ready to read. If neither, select blocks until data arrives on one descriptor and then awakens telling which descriptor has data to read. [...] Non-blocking was added at the same time as select. But using non-blocking when reading descriptors does not work well. Do you go into an infinite loop trying to read each of your input descriptors? If not, do you pause after each pass and if so for how long to remain responsive to input? Select is just far more efficient. Select also lets you create a single inetd daemon rather than having to have a separate daemon for every service. Here we are. Mr. McKusick confirms that non-blocking I/O simply didn't exist before select . Furthermore, he cites the cu terminal use case - it would be hard to write a telnet client without I/O multiplexing. Finally, he mentions inetd , which although introduced later in 4.3BSD, would have been impossible without select . Recap Having to run two processes to get cu working was a hack. With lack of any serious IPC it was impossible to emulate socket multiplexing in Blit without select . Furthermore select was needed to implement inetd . On architecture level select is needed to implement stateful servers which allow some state sharing between client connections. Here's another snippet from the "UNIX Time-Sharing System: A Retrospective" page 1966: [In UNIX] input and output ordinarily appear to be synchronous; programs wait until their I/O is completed. [...] There remain special applications in which one desires to initiate I/O on several streams and delay until the operation is complete on only one of them. When the number of streams is small, it is possible to simulate this usage with several processes. However, the writers of a UNIX ncp ("network control program") interface to the Arpanet feel that genuinely asynchronous I/O would improve their implementation significantly. Early Unix systems were pretty basic and select was simply not needed. It's not that blocking I/O model in C was deemed the best programming paradigm for everyone. This model made sense because all you could do were simple operations on files. This all was changed with the advent of network. Network application required things like inetd , stateful servers and terminal emulators like telnet . These things would be hard to implement had the OS not allowed socket multiplexing. Conclusion In this discussion I was afraid to phrase the core question. Were Unix processes intended to be CSP-style processes? Are file descriptors a CSP-derived "channels"? Is select equivalent to ALT statement? I think: no. Even if there are design similarities, they are accidental. The file-descriptor abstractions were developed well before the original CSP paper. It seems that an operating socket API's evolved totally disconnected from the userspace CSP-alike programming paradigms. It's a pity though. It would be interesting to see an operating system coherent with the programming paradigms of the user land programs. Let me leave you with a couple of vaguely related links: Ever wondered why select uses a bit mask to pass file descriptor list to kernel? Because 4.2BSD allowed only 20 file descriptors per program. uses a bit mask to pass file descriptor list to kernel? Because 4.2BSD allowed only 20 file descriptors per program. History of Actors programming model Channel I/O STREAMS and Solaris Guide and "A Stream Input-Output System" by Ritchie. mpx and mpxio or mpxcall - an early IPC / file desciptor multiplexing API. I think these were introduced in 1979 Version 7 Unix: "Multiplexed files: A feature that did not survive long was a second way (besides pipes) to do inter-process communication: multiplexed files. A process could create a special type of file with the mpx system call; other processes could then open this file to get a "channel", denoted by a file descriptor, which could be used to communicate with the process that created the multiplexed file. Mpx files were considered experimental, not enabled in the default kernel, and disappeared from later versions, which offered sockets (BSD) or CB UNIX's IPC facilities (System V) instead (although mpx files were still present in 4.1BSD)." Update: Mr. Pike clarified a bit of early history: Greg Chessons mpx was in v7 unix by the late 1970s, well before 1983 and BSD. Sockets were just one attempt in a crowded environment. The predecessor to the Blit used Greg's mpx. I think the very earliest Blit stuff did too, but by the time the movie was made v8 had happened and Dennis Ritchie gave me streams and select (but no sockets!). Select and sockets were roughly the same time but not necessarily two parts of one thing. The last statement is telling. select came at the same time as sockets, but it wasn't implemented purely for networking. It seems that all of multiplexing, sockets and IPC came at about the same time, without a coherent grand design. A number of people helped with this article: Rob Pike, Kirk McKusick, Ólafur Guðmundsson, Martin J. Levy, David Wragg and Tony Garnock-Jones. Thanks! Update: In a twitter exchange Clifford Heath noted that there was nonblocking I/O on TTY devices before 1983. There was nonblocking I/O before 1983. The University of Melbourne CS dept paused in 1980/1 to play Hack, and I used it for Pacman. I wonder how it worked. What ioctl's did it use and what were the semantics. Perhaps read() was nonblocking? Upate: Paul Ruizendaal followed up this blog post with some more investigation into early history. His findings are documented in The History of Unix mailing list: Continue reading about Select() being fundamentally broken →[2019/03/28] "Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon" The Super Liveを彩る楽曲たちの配信が決定しました！明日3月29日(金)より、iTunesとApple Musicの2サイトで、1曲ごとにダウンロード購入が可能となります。 ※全楽曲Instrumentalでの配信となります。さらに、ア

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the SMBH mass to grow at a rate given by ${\epsilon_{\rm heat}}c^2 {\dot M}_{\rm BH} = L_{\rm cool}$. We adopt values ${f_{\rm Edd}}= 0.01$ and ${\epsilon_{\rm heat}}=0.02$ for these parameters, based on @Fanidakis15. The results in this paper are not very sensitive to these values. (@Bower08 considered an alternative AGN feedback scheme in [<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">galform</span>]{}, in which energy input from AGN is able to expel most of the hot gas halo, rather than just balance radiative cooling. However, in this paper we retain the simpler @Bower06 AGN feedback scheme, in line with other [<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">galform</span>]{}papers.) Dynamical processes {#ssec:dynamics} ------------------- Galaxies evolve according to a variety of dynamical processes, as we now describe. ### Galaxy mergers We classify galaxies into [*central*]{} galaxies, which sit at the centres of their DM halos and can grow by accreting gas which cools in that halo, and [*satellite*]{} galaxies which orbit within the DM halo, and are assumed not to accrete any gas from the hot gas halo. When DM halos merge, we assume that the central galaxy in the most massive progenitor halo becomes the new central galaxy, while all other galaxies are left as satellites in the new halo. Satellite galaxies merge with the central galaxy in their host DM halo on a timescale set by [*dynamical friction*]{}. In @Cole00, we used a dynamical friction timescale which was calculated analytically from the Chandraskhar dynamical friction formula, but did not include the effects on the dynamical friction rate of tidal stripping of the DM subhalo hosting the satellite galaxy. In the new model, we replace this with a modified expression obtained by fitting to the results of cosmological N-body/hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation [@Jiang08; @Jiang10], which automatically incorporates the effects of this tidal stripping: $$\begin{aligned} \lefteqn{\tau_{\rm merge} = } \nonumber \\ & & \frac{f(\epsilon)}{2 C} \frac{M_{\rm pri}}{M_{\rm sat}} \, \frac{1}{\ln\left( 1 + M_{\rm pri}/M_{\rm sat} \right)} \, \left( \frac{{r_{\rm circ}}}{{r_{\rm vir}}} \right)^{1/2} \, \tau_{\rm dyn,halo} . \label{eq:taumerge}\end{aligned}$$ This gives the time for a satellite to merge with the central galaxy from when it falls in through the virial radius of the main halo, in terms of the masses $M_{\rm sat}$ of the satellite system (galaxy plus DM halo) and $M_{\rm pri}$ (galaxies plus DM halo) of the primary at infall, and [*circularity*]{} $\epsilon$ of the satellite orbit (at infall), defined as the ratio of the orbital angular momentum to that of a circular orbit of the same energy in the same potential, and ${r_{\rm circ}}$, the radius of this equivalent circular orbit. The constant $C=0.43$, while $f(\epsilon) = 0.90 \epsilon^{0.47} + 0.60$ is the fit found by @Jiang08. In applying this formula, we draw a random value of $\epsilon$ for each satellite from the probability distribution of orbital parameters of infalling satellite halos measured by @Benson05 from cosmological N-body simulations. The merger time is calculated when the satellite first falls into the main halo. If the satellite has not merged with the central galaxy by the time of the next halo mass doubling event, then the merger time is recalculated for the new halo, drawing a new value of $\epsilon$ from the distribution. [ (Note that, since we calculate the galaxy merger timescale analytically, rather than using the orbit of the satellite galaxy subhalo measured from the N-body simulation used in constructing the halo merger trees, our galaxy merger timescales are not affected by galaxies becoming “orphaned”, i.e. losing their subhalos due to effects of limited numerical resolution.)]{} The result of a galaxy merger depends on the ratio of baryonic mass (including both stars and cold gas) of the satellite, $M_{\rm b,sat}$, to that of the central galaxy, $M_{\rm b,cen}$. We define two different thresholds, ${f_{\rm burst}}\leq {f_{\rm ellip}}\leq 1$. (a) Mergers with $M_{\rm b,sat}/M_{\rm b,cen} > {f_{\rm ellip}}$ are classed as [*major*]{}. We assume that any stellar disks are destroyed and transformed into a stellar spheroid, while all of the cold gas collapses into the newly formed spheroid. Other mergers are classed as [*minor*]{}. In minor mergers, stars from the satellite are added to the spheroid of the central galaxy, but the cold gas is added to the disk of the central galaxy, without changing the specific angular momentum of the latter. (b) Mergers with $M_{\rm b,sat}/M_{\rm b,cen} > {f_{\rm burst}}$ (which includes all major mergers) trigger starbursts, in which all of the cold gas from the merging galaxies is transferred to the spheroid and then consumed by star formation or ejected by the resulting SN feedback. Numerical simulations of galaxy mergers imply ${f_{\rm ellip}}\sim 0.3$ and ${f_{\rm burst}}\sim 0.1$ [e.g. @Mihos94; @Barnes98; @Hopkins09]. We treat ${f_{\rm ellip}}$ and ${f_{\rm burst}}$ as adjustable parameters, but only in small ranges around these values. ### Disk instabilities Galaxies can also undergo morphological transformations and trigger starbursts due to disk instabilities. Galaxy disks which are dominated by rotational motions are unstable to bar formation when they are sufficently self-gravitating. Based on the work of @Efstathiou82, we assume that disks are dynamically unstable to bar formation if $${F_{\rm disk}}\equiv \frac{{V_{\rm c}}({r_{\rm disk}})}{\left( 1.68 \, G{M_{\rm disk}}/{r_{\rm disk}}\right)^{1/2}} <{F_{\rm stab}}, \label{eq:disk_stability}$$ where ${M_{\rm disk}}$ is the total disk mass (stars plus gas), ${r_{\rm disk}}$ is the disk half-mass radius, and the factor $1.68$ relates this to the disk exponential scalelength.[^9] The quantity ${F_{\rm disk}}$ measures the contribution of disk self-gravity to its circular velocity, with larger values corresponding to less self-gravity and so greater disk stability.[^10] @Efstathiou82 found a stability threshold ${F_{\rm stab}}\approx 1.1$ for a family of exponential stellar disk models, while @Christodoulou95 found ${F_{\rm stab}}\approx 0.9$ for a family of gaseous disks. We treat ${F_{\rm stab}}$ as an adjustable parameter in the range $0.9 {\lesssim}{F_{\rm stab}}{\lesssim}1.1$, with larger values resulting in more disks becoming unstable. Note that a completely self-gravitating stellar disk would have ${F_{\rm disk}}=0.61$. If the disk satisfies the instability condition ${F_{\rm disk}}<{F_{\rm stab}}$ at any timestep, then we assume that the disk forms a bar, [ which then thickens due to vertical buckling instabilities and evolves into a spheroid [@Combes90; @Debattista06]. We assume that this newly formed spheroid incorporates all of the stellar mass of the pre-existing disk and of any pre-existing spheroid. We also assume that bar formation triggers a starburst that consumes any cold gas present.]{} While in reality the timescale for growth of the bar and its evolution into a bulge is likely to be at least several disk dynamical times, in the model we approximate this whole process as happening instantaneously, as soon as the disk instability condition is met. Galaxy sizes {#ssec:sizes} ------------ Our model for galaxy sizes is identical to that in @Cole00. Galaxies consist of a disk and a spheroid embedded in a DM halo. These three components interact with each other gravitationally. (a) We assume that the disk has an exponential surface density profile, with a half-mass radius ${r_{\rm disk}}$ that is set by angular momentum conservation and by centrifugal equilibrium in the combined gravitational potential of disk, bulge and halo. When the disk accretes gas by cooling from the halo, it is assumed to gain angular momentum equal to that which this gas had in the halo before it cooled. When the disk loses gas through SN feedback, this is assumed to leave the specific angular momentum of the disk unchanged. Apart from this, the disk angular momentum remains constant, but the disk radius adiabatically adjusts in response to changes in the gravitational potential. (b) We assume that the spheroid is spherical and has an $r^{1/4}$ law surface density profile, with 3D half-mass radius ${r_{\rm bulge}}$. The initial size of the spheroid formed in a galaxy merger or disk instability is set by a combination of energy conservation and vir

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![Comparison of the mean values of magnetic field strength between the models `IF_q10_UU`, `IF_q10_DD`, `IF_q10_UD`. The yellow vertical line marks the merger time and the circles show the time of BH formation for each model.[]{data-label="fig:Bmean"}]({{Bmean}}){width="0.95\columnwidth"} ![image]({{Bmean_multisim}}){width="99.00000%"} The rest-mass density evolutions on the equatorial and meridional planes are shown in the top rows of Figures \[fig:2d\_rms\_cut\_xy\_IF\] and \[fig:2d\_rms\_cut\_xz\_IF\], respectively. As its total rest mass is well within the hypermassive regime for a single object, the merger is followed by a HMNS phase lasting $\sim8.5$ ms and the eventual collapse to a BH. Most of the rest mass in the system is rapidly swallowed by the BH during its formation, leaving behind only a light disk. At the end of the simulation ($\sim$26 ms after BH formation) the disk mass is only $\sim0.04$ M$_\odot$ and the accretion time scale is less than 100 ms (see Table \[tab:final-system\]). The BH spin is relatively high $a_\mathrm{BH}\sim 0.8$ (the highest value obtained in this study). The evolutions of the magnetic field energy and strength are shown in Figures \[fig:emag\], \[fig:Bmax\], \[fig:Bmean\], and \[fig:Bmean\_multisim\]. A sudden increase of magnetic energy is observed in the first 2 ms after merger. This is to be attributed to the shear that is generated when the two stars first touch and that is associated with strong magnetic field amplification via the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (although our resolution does not allow us to fully resolve it; see Section \[res\]). In the following evolution, the magnetic field is further amplified (at a lower rate) in the HMNS phase and in the remnant disk after BH formation. The magnetic energy and the maximum field strength do not show a sudden decrease at BH formation, indicating that most of the field is outside the high-density bulk of the HMNS that is immediately swallowed by the nascent BH. Conversely, such a drop is observed when considering a density-weighted average of the magnetic field strength. Around 15 ms after BH formation the gain in magnetic energy becomes lower than the loss associated with the accretion of magnetized material in the disk. Overall, the maximum magnetic field strength achieved is a factor of $\sim50$ higher than the initial value. More details on the magnetic field amplification mechanisms and the dependence on resolution are discussed in Section \[res\]. As shown in Figure \[fig:Bmean\_multisim\], magnetic field amplification is mostly in favor of the toroidal component. In terms of average magnetic field strength, the toroidal component becomes comparable to the poloidal one in the first ms after merger and in the HMNS phase the two keep growing together. Then, after BH formation the poloidal field remains much smaller than the toroidal one, which is more efficiently amplified in the disk. We now discuss in more detail the geometrical structure of the magnetic field. To qualitatively assess the global structure of the field, we use three-dimensional (3D) plots of selected field lines. Visualizing field lines is a complex task and can be very misleading. We developed a prescription for the automated selection of field lines that gives good results without any manual (i.e. potentially biased) intervention. The procedure is described in detail in the Appendix. For a quantitative description of the field, we rely instead on histograms of magnetic energy in suitable bins based on spatial position. An overview of the evolution of the field structure is given in Fig. \[fig:field3d\_evol\_IF\_UU\]. During early inspiral, the field is given by the initial data prescription, Eq. (\[eq:Avec\]). We recall that the magnetic field strength drops to zero towards the surface and there is no field outside the stars. During the last orbits of inspiral (not shown in the figure), the field already becomes more irregular. The complex fluid flows during merger finally destroy all regularity, as can be seen in the second snapshot ($\sim2\usk\milli\second$ after merger). In the remaining evolution, the field structure becomes more regular again. As expected, magnetic winding produces a toroidal field of increasing strength near the equatorial plane. More interestingly, we also observe a cone-like region of increasing strength along the edge of the accretion torus. The alignment is highlighted in the figure by displaying two isodensity surfaces in addition to the field. Initially, the field along the cone is more or less tangential, but still relatively irregular. At a later stage, around $30\usk\milli\second$ after merger, the lines along the cone acquire a clear “twister” structure. This could be attributed to the stretching of field lines by the fluid flow along the edge of the torus. By using an interactive version of Fig. \[fig:field3d\_evol\_IF\_UU\] to look at magnified parts from different angles, we found that the strong field lines typically turn around sharply at some point and very closely follow their previous path in reverse. This is indeed the expected outcome of stretching an initially irregular field continuously along a quasistationary shearing fluid flow. We stress that Fig. \[fig:field3d\_evol\_IF\_UU\] visualizes the orientation of the field, but not the sign, which alternates on small length scales. The cone contains field lines going both upwards and downwards (along the cone), and the toroidal field near the equatorial plane contains field lines wound both clockwise and counterclockwise. The field near the BH axis is only mildly collimated. From animations showing a cut through the meridional plane, we found that it is also strongly fluctuating. This seems to be related to lumps of low-density matter falling towards the BH along the axis. To quantify the magnitude and topology of the magnetic field, we sum the magnetic field energy contained in bins regularly spaced in $\cos(\theta)$, where $\theta$ is the angle to the BH axis. Thus, a homogeneous field would result in a flat distribution. This measure allows us to distinguish the amount of energy in the disk, along the conical structure separating the disk and funnel, and near the axis. As a measure for the strength of the field, we computed for each bin the field strength $B_{90}$, defined by the requirement that 90% of the magnetic field energy is contributed by regions with field strength below $B_{90}$. We use this measure because using the maximum field strength is too sensitive to potential outliers, while using the average field strength would depend on the volume under consideration. Using $B_{90}$ is a good compromise. ![image]({{bfield_dens_3d_IF_UU_evol}}){width="99.00000%"} The energy distribution and the field strength $B_{90}$ for model `IF_q10_UU` at three different times are shown in Fig. \[fig:hist\_evol\_IF\_UU\]. The total magnetic energy near the equatorial plane increases by around an order of magnitude between $12$–$22\usk\milli\second$ after merger, most likely because of magnetic winding in the torus. The energy $35\usk\milli\second$ after merger is slightly lower, however. The reason is uncertain, but it might be a change of the torus structure and/or loss by accretion. The energy along the conical structure separating the disk and funnel is steadily growing (side peaks). The final distribution has a pronounced local maximum, corresponding to an opening half-angle around $50\degree$. Notably, the regions near the BH axis ($\theta<20\degree$) do not contribute significantly to the total field energy. The field strength $B_{90}$ near the equator increases from ${\approx}6\times 10^{12}\usk{\ensuremath{\mathrm{G}}}$ at $12\usk\milli\second$ after merger up to ${\approx}2\times 10^{13}\usk{\ensuremath{\mathrm{G}}}$ at $22\usk\milli\second$ after merger, and afterwards it stagnates. $B_{90}$ is of the same order of magnitude at all angles from the equator up to the conical structure, and then it drops rapidly in the funnel. In particular, near the axis the field is very weak (less than $3\times 10^{11}\usk{\ensuremath{\mathrm{G}}}$ at $12\usk\milli\second$ after merger) and further drops by a factor of ${\approx}2$ at the end of the simulation. ![Distribution of the magnetic field with respect to the $\theta$-coordinate, for model `IF_q10_UU` at various times after merger. Top: histogram of magnetic energy employing bins regularly spaced in $\cos(\theta)$, where $\theta=0$ is the z-axis and $\theta=90\degree$ the equator. The plot is normalized to the total magnetic energy $35\usk\milli\second$ after merger. Bottom: field strength $B_{90}$ defined as the value for which 90% of the magnetic energy (inside a given $\cos(\theta)$ bin) is contained in regions with field strength below $B_{90}$.[]{data-label="fig:hist_evol_IF_UU"}]({{hist_evol_IF_UU}}){width="0.95\columnwidth"} Comparison with

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will have suffered the most, given their infrastructures would be too weak to withstand the power of a category 5 cyclone," said Suva resident Alice Clements, a spokeswoman for UNICEF in the Pacific. "Families may have lost their homes and crops, therefore leaving them without shelter, food and a livelihood." Although not hit directly, the capital, Suva, endured damaging gale-force winds, heavy rain and power outages. Clements, who was in Suva when the storm struck, said the city experienced "destructive, howling winds, and the sound of rivets lifting from roofs a constant throughout the night." More than 1,200 people were in evacuation centers around the country, the disaster management ministry said. The Colonial War Memorial Hospital in Suva suffered extensive water damage, and the roof of a local hospital was blown off in the northwestern town of Ba, said Sune Gudnitz, head of the U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs regional office for the Pacific. Widespread flash flooding and coastal inundation -- flooding in normally dry land -- "is likely as storm surges may push the sea inland several hundred meters," the Red Cross said. The western city of Nadi, on Fiji's main island, suffered minor wind damage but experienced extensive flooding, CNN affiliate TVNZ reported Fiji, an archipelago collectively about the size of New Jersey, lies in the South Pacific Ocean some 1,800 miles from Australia's east coast. (By comparison, Hawaii is about 2,500 miles from Los Angeles.) Most of the nation's 900,000 residents live on one of two main islands: Viti Levu or Vanua Levu.Breuil-le-Vert Breuil-le-Vert is a commune in the Oise department in northern France Population See also Communes of the Oise department References INSEE Category:Communes of OiseNotícias em Português 24 members - Público - Observador - Diário Económico - RTP Notícias - Agência Lusa Admin: Notícias de Publicações Portuguesas:- Público- Observador- Diário Económico- RTP Notícias- Agência LusaAdmin: @tiaaaagoo If you have Telegram, you can view and join Notícias em Português right away.Please log in Register now for free First Name * Last Name * Email * A valid e-mail address. All e-mails from the system will be sent to this address. The e-mail address is not made public and will only be used if you wish to receive a new password or wish to receive certain news or notifications by e-mail. Rereading the Fossil Record: The Growth of Paleobiology as an Evolutionary Discipline Most palaeontologists now take it for granted that our subject has significant things to say about the nature of evolutionary change; uniquely, we have the time dimension. Yet the fossil record is undeniably incomplete, and until quite recently, a prevailing view - among population geneticists, for example - was that palaeontologists had little to offer. As the evolutionary biologist John Maynard Smith put it, they should "go away and find another fossil, and not bother the grown-ups". Not so many biologists hold such views now. There is a good reason for it, almost entirely due to the labours of a small but exceptionally vigorous group of US palaeontologists for some 15 years during the 1970s and 1980s. The whole concept of palaeontology changed dramatically, and a separate discipline, palaeobiology, was born, with its own journal: Paleobiology. Palaeontology may, or may not, have a seat at the "high table" of evolutionary biology (if there is such a thing). But this group did an extraordinary job of trying to get there. This splendid book tells a fascinating tale; here we find the gentlemanly Norman Newell, the young tigers Niles Eldredge and Stephen Jay Gould, the brilliant, prickly Tom Schopf, the innovative David Raup, the late Jack Sepkoski (father of the author), Steven Stanley, James Valentine and many other extraordinary personalities. We read of their insights, interactions, disagreements, quarrels, personal lives and contributions. Sadly, not a few died before their time. The critical figure among them was the late Gould, but they all needed each other, despite quarrelling. So what were the basic concepts of palaeobiology? Effectively, it made palaeontology less descriptive and more theoretical, invoked computer modelling and quantitative analysis of the fossil record, brought in biological evolutionary concepts and emphasised the evolutionary implications of the fossil record. None of this would have been possible without new technology; namely, modern high-speed computers. A critical question was whether the patterns of change seen in the fossil record are real. Eldredge and Gould proposed "punctuated equilibria" in 1972 - in other words, rather than even and slow transformation of populations, there was rapid origin of new types, in small populations, followed by longer periods of stasis. On the other hand, Schopf was convinced that most evolutionary change was stochastic - largely random, uninfluenced by external causes. His computer-generated "spindle" models closely matched patterns seen in nature, and he never abandoned this idea. Gould, meanwhile, believed (rightly in my view) in determinism by natural selection. Raup generated computer models of coiled mollusc shells, of which only a fraction of possible forms are used in nature. Extinctions came to be seen as highly important drivers of evolution, resetting the scenario each time. By the 1980s, five major mass extinctions had been recognised, with causes identified. Jack Sepkoski's ideas of three successive "evolutionary faunas", originating, evolving and becoming extinct together, gained wide acceptance. So did Stanley's concept that evolution above the species level was decoupled from species selection. Other ideas, such as a 26-million-year periodicity in extinctions, flourished briefly before dying. Our perspective on the fossil record and its value for evolution changed immensely as a result of this work. Palaeontology is now much more biological, although still firmly rooted in the fossil record. We recognise that evolution is hierarchical, with genes, organisms, populations, species and genera representing different levels, and these are (or may be) operating independently. The new synthesis is not anti-Darwinian, as has been claimed. Rather, to quote David Sepkoski: "Modern evolution theory is remarkable for the continuing validity of Darwin's original insights, and also for its adaptability." That is the take-home message, and it is absolutely true. Rereading the Fossil Record: The Growth of Paleobiology as an Evolutionary Discipline5. Partitioning with fdisk This section shows you how to actually partition your hard drive with the fdisk utility. Linux allows only 4 primary partitions. You can have a much larger number of logical partitions by sub-dividing one of the primary partitions. Only one of the primary partitions can be sub-divided. Examples: Four primary partitions (see Section 5.2) Mixed primary and logical partitions (see Section 5.3) 5.1. fdisk usage fdisk is started by typing (as root) fdisk device at the command prompt. device might be something like /dev/hda or /dev/sda (see Section 2.1.1). The basic fdisk commands you need are: p print the partition table n create a new partition d delete a partition q quit without saving changes w write the new partition table and exit Changes you make to the partition table do not take effect until you issue the write (w) command. Here is a sample partition table: Disk /dev/hdb: 64 heads, 63 sectors, 621 cylinders Units = cylinders of 4032 * 512 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/hdb1 * 1 184 370912+ 83 Linux /dev/hdb2 185 368 370944 83 Linux /dev/hdb3 369 552 370944 83 Linux /dev/hdb4 553 621 139104 82 Linux swap The first line shows the geometry of your hard drive. It may not be physically accurate, but you can accept it as though it were. The hard drive in this example is made of 32 double-sided platters with one head on each side (probably not true). Each platter has 621 concentric tracks. A 3-dimensional track (the same track on all disks) is called a cylinder. Each track is divided into 63 sectors. Each sector contains 512 bytes of data. Therefore the block size in the partition table is 64 heads * 63 sectors * 512 bytes er...divided by 1024. (See The first line shows the geometry of your hard drive. It may not be physically accurate, but you can accept it as though it were. The hard drive in this example is made of 32 double-sided platters with one head on each side (probably not true). Each platter has 621 concentric tracks. A 3-dimensional track (the same track on all disks) is called a cylinder. Each track is divided into 63 sectors. Each sector contains 512 bytes of data. Therefore the block size in the partition table is 64 heads * 63 sectors * 512

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Lithuania and King of Poland Sigismund II Augustus and his mother queen Bona Sforza were spending much of their time in the Royal Palace of Lithuania. The Polonization of Vilnius proceeded through the influx of Polish elements and assimilation of non-Polish burghers. It started in the late 14th century with the arrival of Polish clergy, followed by artisans and merchants; they migrated in larger numbers after the Polish court of Sigismund August moved to the city. Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth After the Union of Lublin (1569) that created the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the city flourished further in part due to the establishment of Vilnius University by Stephen Báthory, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania in 1579. The university soon developed into one of the most important scientific and cultural centers of the region and the most notable scientific center of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Political, economic and social life was in full swing there. This is among all proven by the Lithuanian Statutes issued in the 16th century, the last of which was still in force until the 19th century. In 1610 the city was racked by a large fire. In 1769 the Rasos Cemetery was founded; today it is one of the oldest surviving cemeteries in the city. Rapidly developing, the city was open to migrants from both East and West. In addition to old citizens, larger Jewish, Orthodox and German communities established themselves in the city. Each group made its contribution to the life of the city, and crafts, trade and science prospered. In the 17th century, Polish and polonized elements achieved a cultural and likely numerical preponderance. In 1655 during the Russo-Polish War in 1654–1667 Vilnius was captured by the forces of Tsardom of Russia and was pillaged, burned and the population was massacred. The death toll of around 20,000 included a large proportion of Vilnius Jews. The city's growth lost its momentum for many years, yet the number of inhabitants recovered. During the decline of the Commonwealth, Vilnius became known as "Jerusalem of the North" - a major religio-cultural center of Eastern European Jewry. Russian Empire After the Third Partition of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1795, Vilnius was annexed by the Russian Empire and became the capital of Vilna Governorate, a part of the Northwestern Krai. In order to allow the city to expand, between 1799–1805 period, the city walls were pulled down, only the Dawn Gate (also known as Aušros vartai, Medininkų vartai or Ostra Brama, Вострая Брама) remained. In 1803 Alexander I re-established the Polish-language University. In 1812 the city was seized by Napoleon on his push towards Moscow. After the failure of the campaign, the Grande Armée retreated to the area where 80,000 of French soldiers died and were buried in the trenches they had built months earlier. After the November Uprising the Vilnius University was closed and repressions halted the further development of the city. Civil unrest in 1861 was suppressed by the Imperial Russian Army. During the January Uprising in 1863 heavy city fights occurred, but were brutally pacified by Mikhail Muravyov, nicknamed The Hanger by the population because of the number of executions he organized. After the uprising, Polish language was banned from public use. The Latin alphabet was prohibited in 1859 (Belarusian language) and in 1865 (Lithuanian language) - the ban was lifted in 1904. During the second half of 19th and the beginning of 20th century Vilnius also became one of the centers of Jewish, Polish, Lithuanian and Belarusian national rebirths. According to the 1897 Russian census, by mother tongue, 40% of the population was Jewish, 31% Polish, 20% Russian, 4.2% Belarusian and 2.1% Lithuanian. Jewish culture and population was so dominant that some Jewish national revival leaders argued for a new Jewish state to be founded in a Vilnius region, with a city as its capital. These national revivals happened in Vilnius because it was one of the most tolerant, progressive and liberal places in a region, legacy of the tolerance deriving from the years of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. One of the most important Polish, Belarusian poets and writers published their works in Vilnius at that time. It was the place where the first short-lived Belarusian weekly Naša Niva was founded. Vilnius became an important place of act of the Lithuanian national revival on 4–5 December 1905, when the Great Seimas of Vilnius was held in the Palace of the present-day National Philharmonics, with over 2000 delegates from all regions of Lithuania as well as emigrees. It was decided to make a demand to establish an autonomous ethnic Lithuanian state within the Russian Empire with its parliament (Seimas) in Vilnius. Cultural life was revived after the 1905 Russian Revolution. Society of Friends of Science in Wilno was created in 1906 in order to practice science and literature in Polish language. The Emilia and Eustachy Wróblewski Library, the center of Polish culture, was established in 1912, around that time also Polish theater was revived. Polish cultural life was still repressed despite its revival. In 1907 bishop Eduard von der Ropp was expelled from Vilnius to Vitebsk. Interwar period Polish-Lithuanian conflict During World War I, Vilnius was occupied by Germany from 1915 until 1918. Still under German occupation, Council of Lithuania proclaimed the Act of Independence of Lithuania in Vilnius on 16 February 1918. Act proclaimed restoration of the independent state of Lithuania with Vilnius as its capital. The German civilian administration of the Ober-Ost declined to pass full authority to Lithuania, which was not controlled by the Germans any more. Instead, the Germans tried to control the area by means of promoting conflicts between local nationalities as it became clear that the German plan for creation of Mitteleuropa, a net of satellite buffer states, failed. Finally, on 1 January 1919, the German garrison withdrew and passed the authority over the city to a local Polish committee, against the pleas of the Lithuanian administration. A Polish administration started to be formed. Former members of the local Polish Self-Defence formations, now formally enlisted into the Polish Army, took over the posts while the Lithuanians withdrew along with the Germans. On 5 January 1919 the city was taken by Bolshevik forces advancing from the east. Vilnius was proclaimed the capital of the Lithuanian–Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. For the next 4 months the city became a communist experiment in governance. During the course of that conflict, on 19 April 1919 the city was again seized by Poland (Vilna offensive), this time by forces of the regular Polish Army. A year later, on 14 July 1920, it was lost to Soviet forces again (this time, the Soviets were aided by Lithuanians, who were promised Vilnius). Shortly after the defeat in the Battle of Warsaw in 1920, the withdrawing Red Army handed the city over to Lithuania, in accordance with the Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty of 12 July 1920. The treaty allowed for the transfer to Lithuanian authority of some part of the areas of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Although the city itself, as well as its surroundings were actually transferred, the fast pace of the Polish offensive prevented additional territories to be handed over by the Red Army and the disputed area was split into Lithuanian and Polish-controlled parts. Many historians argue that the main reason behind the Soviet agreement with Lithuania was to weaken Poland and hand the disputed territories to a weaker state, which Lithuania was at the time, in order to reconquer the area more easily after the retreat of the Red Army had halted. Also, the independence of the Baltic States was seen by Lenin as temporary. However, after the Battle of the Niemen River the Red Army was again defeated and Bolshevik Russia was forced to abandon her plans for reincorporation of all the lands lost by the Russian Empire in the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. As Russia ceased to be a major player in the area, Polish-Lithuanian relations worsened. In demographic terms Vilnius was one of the most Polonized and Russified of Lithuanian cities during 1795-1914 Russian rule, with Lithuanians constituting a mere fraction of the total population: 2% - 2,6% according to Russian (1897), German (1916) and Polish (1919) censuses. The latter two indicated that 50,1% or 56,2% of the inhabitants were Poles, while the Jewish share in the population amounted to 43,5% or 36,1% (they were conducted after large part of the inhabitants of Vilnius were evacuated to Russia, mostly Voronezh because of war in 1915). The Lithuanians nonetheless have strong historical claim to the city (former capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the very center of the formation of medieval Lithuanian state) and refused to recognize any Polish claims to the city and the surrounding area. Lithuanian national activists, for example: Mykolas Biržiška and Petras Klimas, supposed Poles and Belarusians in the Vilnius province to be "Slavicized Lithuanians" who, regardless of their individual preferences,

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"We've just got to go and play and give it our best shot," she said. But Whittaker-Kahan is enjoying her first varsity season and loves her Northampton kids. It's gratifying to see star players like Sally and Nazareth's Michelle Danish -- to name two -- come back to the sport and contribute to its well-being like they have. I also learned today that veteran Dieruff coach Bob Linn has been hospitalized and been away from his team for a couple of weeks. I give Bob credit for coming back to the sport and giving it all he has with the Huskies in a situation that has always been well, bleak, to say the least. I wish Bob a speedy and full recovery from his health woes. To get you set for Sunday's big replay and so you can perhaps make a better then-and-now comparison, RCN4 is showing the original 1993 Thanksgiving Day game between Easton and Phillipsburg at these times: The thing about softball and all spring sports is that not only are you battling opponents, but you battle the elements. You never know what kind of weather you're going to get. The other day felt like winter and the next four are going to feel like the heart of summer. So teams must be able to adjust and play in all kinds of weather. Nobody likes the frigid temps, but I am not sure the kids like upper 80s either. Speaking of hot stuff, there's a great danger when you write a column before games are played the same day. When I wrote my softball column on Thursday afternoon, I noted Northwestern as one of the hot teams because they had won five straight. But later in the same day, they lost to Palisades, 10-0. So guess who looks bad? Ah well, I'm used to it. Anyway, here we go with our weekly league rankings. Can't believe the regular season ends two weeks from today: LVC 1. Whitehall ... Still not sold on their offense. 2. Parkland ... Trojans are playing like a team mad about losing to Whitehall. 3. Northampton... No one deserves accolades more than Alex MacLean. 4. Nazareth... Can't wait to check out this freshman pitcher named Faust. Notice that my top four are all from the same division. 5. Liberty ... Rich Giering a coach of the year candidate? 6 . Freedom ... Kirby White keeps them in every game. 7. Becahi ... Needed that 16-hit explosion against Emmaus. 8. Easton... Still have a shot at the district playoffs. Notice my next four are all from the same division. 9. Allen ... Where's the offense? 10. Emmaus ... Young players are in the pipeline. 11. CCHS ... What can you say? 12. Dieruff... Ditto. COLONIAL LEAGUE 1. Pen Argyl ...Loss to Northern Lehigh might have been the best thing that could have happened to Green Knights. 2. Palisades: Looks like Krista Marrone is healthy again. 3. Saucon Valley ... Garrity with three-hit shutout of Bangor. 4. Southern Lehigh ... Weiss has really improved in the circle. 5. Northern Lehigh ... Still not quite sure what to think of the Bulldogs other than they are a lock to win their West Division. 6. Northwestern.... Hvae to shake off the lopsided loss to Palisades. 7. Catasauqua... Another mystery team that shows flashes and then fizzles. This just was sent to me today by John Eyer, so I couldn't get it into my softball column. Next week, I hope. But here's the info for getting involved with this year's Lehigh Valley Carpenter Cup team. Remember, our squad finished second in 2007 and won it last year as well as in 2006. Lehigh Valley Softball Carpenter Cup Showcase Press Release 24 April, 2009 From:John Eyer Emmaus High School Softball 331 N. 2nd St., Emmaus. Pa. 18049 (610) 965-2481 H (610) 774-5045 W (610) 390-5463 C E-mail: [email protected] Press Release This years Carpenter Cup is set for Monday June 22nd, Tuesday 23rd, with the Semi-finals on Wednesday the 24th and Finals on Thursday the 25th of June.Rain dates are June 29th and 30th. Over the four years the Carpenter Cup has been played the Lehigh Valley Team has enjoyed much success.Finishing 1st in 2006 and Second in 2007 and winning it again in 2008.We again look forward to the same success.Tryouts are open to juniors and sophomores/freshman.Please contact your High School Coach for additional information. Tryouts will be held on Sunday, May 24th at the Emmaus High School field (near the football stadium) in Emmaus for pitchers/catchers and outfielders.For infielders tryouts will be on Sunday, May 31st at Emmaus High School and on Sunday, June 7th for all participants at the Emmaus High School field.All tryouts will be held from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. Interested players must be responsible enough to attend tryouts at the correct times on the correct days. Here in Philly for the Phillies-Brewers game tonight, but I've got the news that Northampton senior softball pitcher Alex MacLean won her 46th game today, a 1-0 victory over Allen. That gives her the school record for wins. Congrats to Alex, who lost her father two years ago right after her sophomore season ended, but she continues to make him proud every day. The Bucknell-bound MacLean is a special young lady. Congrats. If you read my column about her in January, you know how I feel about Patti Heffner. To me, she's the "First Lady" of girls basketball in the Lehigh Valley, and may very well be the only person to have won state titles at three different schools -- two as a player at Dieruff and one each as a head coach at Catasauqua and Parkland. So, it is with sadness that I report that she has resigned from her position as girls basketball coach at Parkland High School. She turned in her resignation on Wednesday and team members were notified of her decision. Her resignation will be taken to the next school board meeting on Tuesday night where it will be acted on and made official. Heffner, 50, had to take a leave of absence during the middle of the 2008-09 season when she fell ill and was diagnosed with brain tumors. She has been undergoing treatment ever since. Her friend and longtime assistant coach Ed Neidermeyer took over the team in her absence. "It's a very emotional time right now," said Parkland principal Rich Sniscak, who brought Heffner to Parkland when he was the school's athletic director. "It's hard to find the words. It wasn't easy talking to the girls. We'll have more to say after the school board meeting next week. We accept her resignation with regret." Heffner had earlier tendered her resignation, but was talked out of it by Sniscak. However, it became clear that Heffner needs all of her energy to continue to fight for a full recovery. She is not one to do things less than 100 percent and she would have wanted to be involved in the entire offseason program if her health had allowed. Heffner, who was a Hall of Fame player at Rutgers and an assistant at Lafayette, coached at Parkland for nine seasons. She went 174-75, including this past year's 14-10 season. The highlight was the 2006 4A state championship, which capped a 31-3 season. Heffner's team also won the Lehigh Valley Conference title in 2006, and took district titles in 2005 and '07. Over three seasons from 2004-07 her teams were a combined 87-10. Prior to her arrival at Parkland, the girls program had gone seven consecutive seasons with a losing record. Heffner previously coached at Catty for 11 years, going 204-92 and winning the 1988 District 11 and PIAA 2A titles. I was supposed to cover Northampton at Allen softball on Tuesday, but as so often is the case during the spring, you have to adjust on the fly. When word came in that the K-Kids and Chicks were postponed by poor field conditions caused by Monday's heavy rain, I made a couple of quick calls and found out Whitehall and Freedom were still playing. Turns out, I caught a good one. Kirby White and Cat Klobosits hooked up in a classic pitcher's duel and for a 1-0 score this was a game with a fair amount of action. The Zephs tagged out two runners at the plate, got great pitching from Klobosits and a clutch hit by Morgan Kelly and got the win that kept them unbeaten in the league

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establish a two-year contract for employment. As a result, it fails to satisfy the statute of frauds. Therefore, Thurston could not bring an action for breach of the two-year contract. Ariz.Rev.Stat.Ann. § 44-101. Conclusion 18 At best, Thurston could have argued that he had a contract for at-will employment. Under that contract, he would have been considered fired on the same day he was hired, and he could have recovered one month's salary. However, Thurston brought an action for breach of a "two-year employment contract," seeking recovery for two-years' salary and benefits. He adamantly argued against an at-will contract. Thus, in the end, Thurston is hoisted with his own petard, and he recovers nothing. We affirm summary judgment in favor of Citizens.1 II Motion for a New Trial 19 In his motion for a new trial, Thurston raised a new theory of recovery, arguing that even if the oral representations involved "essential terms" of the contract, they could be added by reformation. The district court denied the motion. A motion for a new trial is not intended to provide an opportunity for disappointed litigants to argue, post-judgment, what they could have argued during the pendency of a motion for summary judgment. Frederick S. Wyle, P.C. v. Texaco, Inc., 764 F.2d 604, 609 (9th Cir.1985). Here, Thurston's argument for reformation evolved from the same facts and the same contractual dispute. There was neither new evidence nor a change in the law that warranted reconsideration. Accordingly, Thurston could have raised his reformation claim in the summary judgment proceedings, and he was simply using the motion for a new trial to further his shotgun approach to recover contract damages. 20 The motion for a new trial was not brought under circumstances in which a motion for a new trial is appropriate, and the district court properly refused to consider the reformation theory. We affirm the denial of the motion for a new trial. III Motion to Amend the Judgment 21 In the district court's order granting summary judgment in favor of Citizens, a line on the last page stated, "At the most, plaintiff is entitled to the amounts defendant offered in the offer of judgment on January 2, 1992." The judgment, which followed a day later, stated that it granted "Defendant's motion for summary judgment; Plaintiff take [sic] nothing." 22 Thurston made a motion to amend the judgment to reflect his recovery of one month's salary as damages. The district court denied this motion. The district court explained its statement in the summary judgment order, stating that: 23 [I]f the parties could agree that the parties had entered into a contract, the contract was limited to the terms contained in the letter. The court did not hold that the parties entered into a contract, or that plaintiff is entitled to thirty days pay. 24 The court also noted that Citizens had made an offer of judgment on January 2, 1992, for thirty days pay, but that Thurston had not accepted it. 25 The denial of the motion to amend is consistent with the substance of the district court's order, which held that Thurston's contract claim failed because the contract did not satisfy the statute of frauds. The dicta in the district court's order about one month's salary meant that, in the best case scenario and if Thurston had conceded that he had only an at-will contract, the most he would have recovered would have been one month's salary. Thurston claimed that he had a two-year contract, not an at-will contract, so he recovered nothing. The district court did not abuse its discretion in denying the motion to amend the judgment. IV Attorney's Fees 26 In February 1995, in the same order denying Thurston's motion to reopen and to amend the judgment, the district court awarded attorney's fees to Citizens in the amount of $43,421. Under Arizona law, "[i]n any contested action arising out of a contract, express or implied, the court may award the successful party reasonable attorney's fees." Ariz.Rev.Stat.Ann. § 12-341.01. The factors to be considered by the court are: 27 (1) The merits of the claim or defense presented by the unsuccessful party. 28 (2) The litigation could have been avoided or settled and the successful party's efforts were completely superfluous in achieving the result. 29 (3) Assessing fees against the unsuccessful party would cause an extreme hardship. 30 (4) The successful party did not prevail with respect to all of the relief sought. 31 (5) The novelty of the legal question presented, and whether such claim or defense had previously been adjudicated in this jurisdiction. 32 (6) Whether the award in any particular case would discourage other parties with tenable claims or defenses from litigating or defending legitimate contract issues for fear of incurring liability for substantial amounts of attorneys' fees. 33 Ariz.Rev.Stat.Ann. § 12-341.01. 34 The district court analyzed the relevant factors as follows. As to the merits of Thurston's claim, the court found that Thurston had a "tenable" claim. As to the second factor, the court found that Citizens had tried to settle a few times and that a substantial portion of the fees could have been avoided if Thurston had agreed to settle. On the third factor, although Thurston argued that he would be devastated by an award of attorneys' fees, the court found that other evidence indicated that he had substantial income and had received a generous severance package from Citizens. The court emphasized that Thurston "took the risk of litigation," and that he had not accepted the offer of judgment at an earlier date. The court also acknowledged that Citizens is a large utility company, on which the impact of paying attorney's fees would be less severe. As to the fourth factor, the court noted that Citizens had prevailed entirely. As to the sixth factor, whether an award of attorneys' fees would discourage meritorious litigation, it concluded that this case did not involve parties with unequal bargaining power and that a fee award would not discourage meritorious litigation. Then, after weighing the factors, the district court concluded that Citizens should be awarded reasonable attorneys' fees. 35 We review the award of attorneys' fees for an abuse of discretion. As set forth above, it is clear that the court considered the relevant factors. In fact, the district court was generous in categorizing as "tenable" Thurston's claim that a two-year contract had been formed. The potentially inequitable economic impact of a fee award, where an individual would be required to pay a large corporation's attorneys' fees, is the factor that weighs most heavily in Thurston's favor. The district court, however, considered Thurston's ability to pay and found that he would be able to do so. While $43,421 is a large amount, it was Thurston who perpetuated the litigation, refusing to settle and continuing his efforts for an unrealistic $200,000 recovery. See Mullins v. Southern Pac. Trans. Co., 851 P.2d 839, 842 (Ariz.Ct.App.1992) (rejecting "novel approach" that an employee, if the unsuccessful party, should not be required to pay attorneys' fees, while an employer, if unsuccessful, should always pay fees). 36 We conclude that the district court considered the relevant factors in awarding attorneys' fees, and did not abuse its discretion. V Attorneys' Fees on Appeal 37 Under Arizona law, a successful party may recover its attorneys' fees on appeal in cases arising out of contract. Ariz.Rev.Stat.Ann. § 12-341.01; Wagenseller v. Scottsdale Memorial Hosp., 710 P.2d 1025, 1046-50 (1980). An award of attorneys' fees on appeal is completely discretionary, and we decline to award appellate attorneys' fees. CONCLUSION 38 We affirm the district court's grant of summary judgment in favor of Citizens, its denial of the motions for a new trial and to amend the judgment, and its award of Citizens' attorneys' fees below. We decline to award attorneys' fees on appeal. 39 AFFIRMED. * The Honorable B. Lynn Winmill, United States District Judge for the District of Idaho, sitting by designation ** This disposition is not appropriate for publication and may not be cited to or by the courts of this circuit except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3 1 Had Thurston not failed on statute of frauds grounds, his claim for breach of a two-year contract would have failed based on the parol evidence rule. The parol evidence rule strictly excludes outside evidence that varies or contradicts the written agreement. Taylor v. State Farm Mutual Auto Ins. Co., 854 P.2d 1134, 1137 (Ariz.1993). Here, the parol evidence offered by Thurston--i.e., Avery's oral representations made during the phone conversation--extinguished the meaning of the express at-will/probationary period provision in the letter. Evidence of such contradictory oral representations is not permissible. Accordingly, Thurston's claim for

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or the JIC Report responded to any of my requests for an interview, so I could not confirm the site’s authorship, but it seems safe to assume that Crane oversees it. Almost every one of the main headlines on the site is an attack on Homan: “Official Who Released Criminal Aliens into US for Obama Now Directing ICE”; “Immigration and Border Agency Execs Used Security Details Without Legal Authority”; “Immigration Whistleblower: US Taxpayers Spending Millions on Personal Cars For ICE Managers.” Much of the site’s main page includes information that Crane sent to Trump in his November letter (which is also covered on the site). “ICE has been unleashed. They no longer feel constrained because they won’t be admonished for conducting a raid or racially profiling people,” Professor Hing said. “Trump pardoned [Arizona’s former Maricopa County sheriff] Joe Arpaio, who perpetually racially profiled people. That sends ICE a message that what they’re doing is OK.” Along with the so-called silent raids, another emerging trend under the Trump administration is the apparent targeting of outspoken immigrant rights advocates. Among the first such activists to be detained were New Sanctuary Coalition of New York City cofounders Jean Montrevil and Ravi Ragbir, both apprehended in January. Montrevil was almost immediately deported to Haiti; Ragbir’s deportation has been stayed because of continuing legal proceedings. Jani Cauthen, Montrevil’s former partner and the mother of his children, told me she is certain that Montrevil was being surveilled and that he was targeted for being an immigrant rights activist. “They took him on his lunch break. His job required him to transport people all morning and all afternoon, but they got him during his one-hour window off,” Cauthen said. “They deported him less than two weeks after they detained him, even though he had a pending case with the [Board of Immigration Appeals]. They had no intention of letting him follow through with his case… He didn’t even get to say goodbye to his children; they just snatched him away.” Other leading figures who have been detained include Alejandra Pablos, a Virginia-based activist involved in immigrant rights and reproductive justice, and the Memphis-based journalist Manuel Duran. Between ICE’s arrests and deportation lies detention. As ICE’s budget requests show, managing detention facilities is a very large, and growing, part of the agency’s operations. ICE has contracts with private prison companies like CoreCivic (formerly Corrections Corporation of America) and the GEO Group. Both companies contributed large sums of money to pro-Trump Super PACs and have experienced tremendous booms in business since Trump took office. Both companies are also notorious for their human rights abuses and startling lack of medical care for detained people and training for staff, resulting in a dire and worsening record of in-custody deaths. “There are horrible and egregious things happening in detention,” Mary Small said. “This isn’t just about the budget or medical care or the abuse of solitary confinement, it’s the way abuse is handled, including sexual assault.” In November, the Salvadoran asylum-seeker Laura Monterrosa released an open letter detailing the abuse she said she had experienced from a CoreCivic guard at the T. Don Hutto detention center in Taylor, Texas. The letter alleged repeated sexual assaults by a female guard over a four-month period. Shortly after Monterrosa went public, more women came forward with allegations of abuse by guards. Speaking through an interpreter, Monterrosa told Rewire.News that sexual abuse was “very widespread” at the detention center. Hutto has a long history of such problems. In 2007, a CoreCivic guard was accused of sexually assaulting a woman “while her son was sleeping in his crib inside the cell,” according to Courthouse News. In 2010, another CoreCivic guard was charged with sexually assaulting eight women whom he was transporting. The problem goes far beyond Hutto; it can be found wherever ICE is. A recent report by The Intercept found that of the 1,224 complaints filed with DHS’s Office of Inspector General between 2010 and 2017, half of those accused worked for ICE and most of the complaints related to sexual abuse and harassment. When Monterrosa made it clear to ICE officials that she wanted to press charges against her abuser, ICE and the Williamson County Sheriff’s Office, which has jurisdiction over Hutto, failed to act. After an internal investigation, ICE reported on November 22 that it found Monterrosa’s allegations to be “unsubstantiated,” and the agency continued employing the guard accused of assault. (Monterrosa only learned of this when I spoke to her; ICE itself neglected to inform her of its ruling in her case.) In December, the FBI took over the investigation, but Monterrosa’s ordeal in detention continued. Her mental health declined, as she still regularly encountered her accused abuser in the detention center. She requested to speak to a psychologist multiple times, she told me. When she eventually got an appointment, she shared with the clinician that she was hearing voices and felt as though there was someone always next to her, talking to her. The psychologist, Monterrosa said, advised her not to share this information with ICE or other officials because if they knew, they would send her to a “mental hospital,” which would “damage” her immigration case. Monterrosa also told me a Hutto guard had said to her that unless she recanted her sexual assault allegations, she would be placed in solitary confinement “indefinitely,” which was one of her greatest fears. In January, after being placed in solitary, Monterrosa attempted suicide. Monterrosa’s attorney fought to get her a psychological evaluation from an outside doctor. Finally, two months later, Monterrosa was released from Hutto. She might have been another ICE casualty if not for her courage, the work of Grassroots Leadership organizer Claudia Muñoz, who led Monterrosa’s deportation defense campaign, and a letter to DHS signed by more than forty-five congressional representatives calling for an investigation into sexual abuse allegations at detention centers in Texas. Muñoz told me that under the Trump administration, fewer and fewer advocacy groups are organizing defense campaigns for individuals facing deportation. Many smaller, grassroots organizations, overwhelmed and lacking resources, have increasingly found such efforts fruitless. Nationwide, there have been a few instances in which community pressure resulted in an undocumented immigrant being released on bond or because she had a legal remedy. Even in such cases, those people leave detention with “no paperwork,” Muñoz said. This means that once they leave ICE custody, there is no relief for them; they’re simply left waiting for their next court date. Monterrosa, at least, received a one-page document that granted her deferred action for one year. Muñoz doesn’t see Monterrosa as an extraordinary case, but rather a reminder of what can be done when a community is organized and is willing to adjust its strategy. “Laura’s case proves that this is still work worth doing. This was a big lesson for us and it can be a lesson for others,” Muñoz said. “As community, we have to organize and move the right pieces, putting pressure on elected officials to use the power they have to look into deportation cases.” “Everything that happened to me was happening to other women, too,” Monterrosa said, “and they don’t want to accept what is happening inside because if they do, it will ruin their business. But Immigration is trying to cover the sun with one finger. The truth will come out.” * For undocumented immigrants, resistance in the time of Trump can simply mean waking each day and continuing to reside in the US despite the administration’s efforts to make the country as inhospitable as possible for people like them. Often under duress, immigrant communities are necessarily resilient—and that is only truer than ever under the Trump administration. The people affected by ICE’s new zealotry, together with their advocates and allies, are fighting back against the anti-immigrant policies and rhetoric, both on the streets and in courtrooms. Often, they have achieved important wins that helped stop Trump’s mass deportations. But the targeting of women like Laura Monterrosa and Minerva García have a chilling effect in immigrant communities. When there are large enforcement operations or new threats from the Trump administration, the children of undocumented parents stop going to school. Undocumented domestic violence victims stop reporting their abuse. Undocumented parents become afraid to access nutritional programs to feed their children. When members of undocumented families are disappeared into the detention system, those on the outside, fearing they are next, may be forced to live in the shadows. Undocumented immigrants who experience or witness a crime also stop going to the police. (The cooperation that local police forces get from immigrant communities is one of the main reasons municipal leaders have championed the idea of sanctuary cities, though many sanctuary cities offer little more than statements of solidarity.) More stories of ICE’s growing powers and abuses continue to emerge. This includes ICE’s push to become an intelligence agency, which would grant the agency unprecedented access to vastly more information, and it request to destroy records of in-custody deaths and sexual assaults—both of which measures have received support from the Trump administration. There are growing signs that the agency is not just flexing its new muscles, but has gone rogue. In Philadelphia alone, according to reporting by ProPublic

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-wing nationalist party garners the most votes Feb 10, 2020 · Why the 2020 Irish election has changed the rules and what it means for the UK | ITV News - Duration: 2:27. For the third General Election in a row, Ipsos published the most accurate pre-election polls. But looking at first preferences (where we have them) and tallies (where we dont) I think this is a better election for FF than people are saying. Sinn Fein, the party historically linked to the Irish Republican Army, bested centrist parties Fianna Fail and Fine Gael. Ireland is set for what could be months of coalition negotiations and quite possibly another election before the year is out. Its only recently that there has been a big increase 26 Feb 2016 Irish General Elections Results. 'Question of the border of partition of Irish unity and independence is right at the centre of Irish politics and will soon be in British politics too' – George Galloway's take on Irish election Assembly Election 2017 . Well that became even more possible now that all the votes have been counted. ) Varadkar's great misfortune was that with Feb 10, 2020 · An exchange-traded fund that tracks shares of Irish companies declined on Monday morning after general election results perceived as less investor-friendly. Current projections give Fianna Fáil around 42, with Sinn Féin 14 Feb 2020 What does Sinn Fein's surprisingly strong victory in Irish elections mean for Ireland? Ian Bremmer breaks it down. Although the Feb 09, 2020 · Ireland's three largest parties are neck and neck following the general election, an exit poll has suggested. GE2020 Irish General Election 2020 - Rolling thread The outcome of a historic General Election is on a knife edge as the three main political parties look to be There will be an Irish General Election on Saturday 8th Feb. I call: FF 46+1 (bonus for the Ceann Comhairle) FG 37 SF… Irish government stumbles as post-Brexit election looms. 46am EST. Sick of the Media Hype Two weeks ago, I was happily sailing on a huge cruise ship in the Indian Ocean. 3% and Fianna Fail on 22. Sinn Fein were at 25 per cent, ahead of However, in its election manifesto, Fianna Fail said it would lead a formal study and cross-community consultation that would set out how an Irish government should approach the handling of a Feb 11, 2020 · The weekend’s Irish election delivered one of the first electoral bombshells of the year, with the surging left-wing party Sinn Féin now angling to form a coalition government. com-- this post authored by Niall McCarthy. New political forces, agendas and voices are now set to be part of the next Irish government. And a strongly pro-EU Irish public will not want to see the Ireland-EU relationship jeopardised. This is one of the best Irish election produces an earthquake as Sinn Fein tops poll. A general election would be held on Friday 26 February 2016. Duncan Smith, who contested the 2019 Dublin Fingal by-election for Labour. Irish general election to be held on 8 February . Updated 5:42 am EST, Tuesday, February 11, 2020 The latest breaking local and international news and sport stories as they happen, with up to the minute updates and analysis Sinn Fein on Monday said it wanted a major role in Ireland's next government after a record election showing, a move that would raise its central goal of reunification with Northern Ireland near 5 Seats Available Tipperary Garret Ahearn Party Fine Gael Constituency Tipperary Occupation Mayor of Clonmel Age 40 Martin Browne Party Sinn Féin Constituency Tipperary Occupation Unemployed Dolores Cahill Party Irish Freedom Party Constituency Tipperary Jackie Cahill Party Editor's note: An earlier version of Reagan's column was truncated. Irish stocks dropped Monday after the general election delivered a strong showing for a left-wing party that campaigned on an increased state role in the economy. Read up on the Irish election here. Feb 09, 2020 · Irish election count begins as tied exit poll means it's too close to call . The former president of the Irish Road Haulage Association was a household Settlement-boycotting parties win big in Irish election One of those three parties was Sinn Féin, the political arm of the former Irish Republican Army, which has long held anti-Israel positions. 9 Feb 2020 Ireland's nationalist Sinn Féin party won a historic victory in the country's national election on Saturday. Higgins on 3 February, at the request of Taoiseach Enda Kenny. Sinn Féin — the Irish nationalist party that seeks reunification of the Republic of Ireland with DUBLIN — Voters in Ireland returned no clear winner in Saturday’s election, exit polls indicated. REUTERS Feb 10, 2020 · Sinn Féin, historically known for its links to the Irish Republican Army (IRA), has won 29 seats in Ireland's general election. It campaigned on domestic issues, but 10 Feb 2020 This chart shows Sinn Féin's share of the vote in Irish general elections. Feb 10, 2020 · Irish Election Results And Analysis: 3 Big Takeways On Sinn Fein's Surge The party's impressive election showing outpaced the country's two major parties and forced a political reckoning. Jan 29, 2020 · Bishop Says Upcoming Irish Election Must Address Social-Justice Issues Statement by Bishop Alan McGuckian SJ, Chairman of Council for Justice and Peace of Irish Catholic Bishops’ Conference. Read More: Irish general election called for February 8. This meant one of the longest Dálaí would be followed by one of the shortest election campaigns. Opinion Republican party Sinn Fein have surged into first place with just days until Ireland goes to the polls in a general election, according to a new survey. The iShares MSCI Ireland ETF EIRL, -0 Its difficult to call the irish election without having seen where SF transfers go. 2% in what has been CORK, Ireland — Once considered a political pariah, Ireland’s left-wing Sinn Féin party is threatening to overtake Prime Minister Leo Varadkar's Fine Gael in polls ahead of a February 8 election. The left-wing party 14 Feb 2020 The results of last week's general election have delivered one of the biggest shocks to the political system in a century. The Irish flag flouts the wind as it flies at half staff over the General 10 Feb 2020 Why left-wing nationalist party Sinn Féin topped the popular vote in the Irish election. R. Leo Varadkar has offered his resignation after attempts to elect a new taoiseach (Irish prime minister) in the Dáil (Irish Parliament) ended without agreement. The Irish Times online. Ties Soars in Irish Election. posted on 12 February 2020. 4 percent, Fianna Fáil on 22. Since that election took place on 24th May 2019, I have estimated that 46 of the successful candidates in these elections (4. The world, looking in on Ireland to decipher the political winds across Europe, is misinterpreting this election, however. Bank of Ireland braced for weeks of political uncertainty Monday after an earth-shaking election that saw the Irish Republican Army-linked party Sinn Fein — long shunned by its bigger rivals — take Left-wing Irish nationalists Sinn Fein demanded on Sunday to be part of the next government after exit polls suggested a snap election had left them tied with the country’s traditional ruling Jan 28, 2020 · Tags: 2020 General Election, carlow-kilkenny, Irish Freedom Party, Melissa O'Neill A Leaflet from Melissa O’Neill running for The Irish Freedom Party in Carlow Kilkenny in the 2020 General Election. Now, what do they mean? That is the first question to be asked in the wake of this Irish election and, as is so often the case, not all the answers to it are elementary and some of them are contradictory. Jan 15, 2020 · Yesterday, the Irish government announced that there will be a General Election on Saturday, February 8. Irish Left Set to Win General Election, But Still Shut Out of Governing? February 7, 2020. Ireland’s benchmark ISEQ All An exit poll after the Irish national election on Saturday night showed the three main parties with an almost identical share of the vote. Please think about making a donation towards the running costs of ElectionsIreland. Bloomberg | Quint is a multiplatform Jan 28, 2020 · In its election manifesto, Sinn Fein said it wanted to establish a parliamentary committee and citizens assembly to plan for Irish unity and seek to secure a referendum within five years. 5% – making it the most popular party and a strong contender to be included in the next government Feb 10, 2020 · Sinn Féin won the most first-preference votes in Saturday’s Irish general election, delivering a shock to the country’s political landscape after decades of domination by the centrist rivals Election 2020 news, analysis, comment, results and constituency profiles from The Irish Times. 2009 Local Elections 2004 Local Elections 1999 Local Elections 1991 Local Elections 1985 Local Elections 1979 Local Elections 1974 Local… The count gets under way at the Dublin City count centre in the RDS centre in Dublin, Ireland on February 9, 2020, the day after the vote took place in the Irish General Election. Latest news including sport, analysis, business, weather and more from the definitive brand of quality news in Ireland. 3 percent, and Sinn Féin on 22. Bloomberg the Company & Its Products The Quint. Feb 09, 2020 · Irish Election May Mark a Good Time to Exit Country’s Bond

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earthquake, when small lots of tract homes and row homes now characteristic of the neighborhood were built into the sand dunes. These tract homes would displace a smaller original settlement built into the dunes called Carville, which was so named for squatters that lived in abandoned horsecars (horse-drawn trolleys) and cable cars that were dumped in the sand dunes. Development increased by the 1930s, as the Sunset was built and developed into a streetcar suburb. The post–World War II baby boom in the 1950s saw the last of the sand dunes leveled down and replaced with more single- and multifamily homes. In these developments, built mostly by Henry Doelger, entire blocks consist mainly of houses of the same general character, differentiated by variations in their stucco facades and mirrored floorplans, with most built upon lots with no free space between houses. Later, Oliver Rousseau built more individualistic homes in the district. Historically, the Sunset's demographics were consisted mostly of European Americans, specifically Irish and Italian. Beginning in the late 1960s the neighborhood saw a steady influx of Asian (mostly Chinese) immigrants following the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 which lifted racial quotas allowing for more non-European nationals to immigrate to the United States. Additionally, the Handover of Hong Kong motivated many Chinese to immigrate to the U.S. due to the political and economic uncertainties. Today, the vast majority of the neighborhood's population is Asian, with Chinese as the dominant ethnic group. There are still some small Irish enclaves however. Sub-neighborhoods For most of its history, the Sunset existed as a large individual area. In recent years, the neighborhood has been popularly divided into three parts with sometimes vague borders. Inner Sunset The Inner Sunset is bordered by Lincoln Way to the north, 2nd Ave to the east, Quintara Street to the south, and 19th Avenue to the west. This far-east section of the Sunset is located just west of Mount Sutro. The main commercial area is along Irving Street from 5th Avenue to 12th Avenue, and along 9th Avenue from Lincoln Way to Judah Street, much of which is dotted with a variety of restaurants and shops. The Inner Sunset hosts a variety of local businesses, including restaurants, bars, breweries, book stores, bakeries, coffee shops, ice cream parlors, clothes and shoe stores, a tattoo parlor, and a wine bar. All these establishments are clustered around the intersection of 9th Avenue and Irving Street. Food offered by the restaurants located in the Inner Sunset includes pizza, Mexican, Thai, Persian, Korean, Malaysian, Hawaiian, Greek, Ethiopian, Pakistani, Cajun/Creole, Dim Sum, Turkish, Peruvian, Chinese, Vietnamese, California Cuisine, Mediterranean, Indian, Japanese, Vegetarian. Central Sunset The Central Sunset is bounded by Lincoln Way to the north, 19th Avenue to the east, Quintara Street to the south, and Sunset Boulevard to the west. This area is mostly residential with cookie-cutter homes and large lots and a commercial strip along Irving Street from 19th Avenue to 24th Avenue and on Noriega Street from 19th Avenue to 27th Avenue and 30th Avenue to 33rd Avenue. Features of the area include the massive Sunset Reservoir (which takes up eight square blocks between Ortega and Quintara streets and 24th and 28th avenues), which has a small park surrounding its outer rim; Golden Gate Park; the Sunset Recreation Center; and Abraham Lincoln High School. Outer Sunset The Outer Sunset is bordered by Lincoln Way to the north, Sunset Boulevard (between 36th and 37th avenues) to the east, Sloat Boulevard to the south, and Ocean Beach to the west. The primary commercial avenues are Judah, Noriega, and Taraval. The Outer Sunset is the foggiest section in San Francisco due to its close proximity to Ocean Beach. The area's main attractions include the San Francisco Zoo, Golden Gate Park, Ocean Beach, and Lake Merced. Attractions and characteristics The western part of the Sunset borders the cold northern California Pacific Ocean coastline, so it tends to get much of the fog San Francisco is famous for. The Sunset can be foggy and chilly for some days during summer. The Sunset's finest weather is usually from August through December, when regional air patterns transition from onshore to offshore weather and the area is free of fog. Sand carried by Pacific Ocean winds can be found on roadways and driveways within the first five to ten blocks east of Ocean Beach. The Sunset District contains several large park and recreation areas. The San Francisco Zoo is located in the southwestern corner of the neighborhood by Lake Merced, the largest lake within San Francisco. Also within the Lake Merced area are several golf courses: the private Olympic Club and San Francisco Golf Club, and the public TPC Harding Park. Across from Lake Merced is Fort Funston, an old coastal battery, now part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. Fort Funston notably has some of the last remnants of the sand dune ecosystem that once covered the entire Sunset District. There is a year-round, Sunday morning farmers' market which is located at 1315 8th Avenue (the parking lot between 8th and 9th Avenues). The market is operated by the Pacific Coast Farmers' Market Association and is sponsored by the Inner Sunset Park Neighbors. The Inner Sunset Farmers' Market offers California-grown produce, fish, eggs, and meat, as well as local food vendors and artisans. Stern Grove, a heavily wooded park and amphitheater located on Sloat Boulevard between 19th and 34th avenues, is known for its annual summer festival. Three parks lie on the far east border of the district: the northernmost is Grand View Park (also referred to as Turtle Hill) a small, elevated park surrounded by 14th and 15th Avenues, as well as Noriega Street; moving south, next is Golden Gate Heights Park, just east of 14th Avenue north of Quintara; and Hawk Hill Park, also east of 14th Avenue at Santiago. These natural areas belong to a remnant ridge-top system and include some of the last-remaining sand-dune communities in the city. Education The San Francisco Unified School District operates public K–12 schools. Educational institutions include the Parnassus campus and medical center of the University of California, San Francisco, located in Inner Sunset; the main campus of San Francisco State University, located in the southwestern corner of the neighborhood across from Lake Merced; Abraham Lincoln High School, located in the center of the Sunset District; St. Ignatius College Preparatory (a private, coeducational school operating in San Francisco since 1855) located since 1969 adjacent to Sunset Boulevard; and Lowell High School, the oldest public high school west of the Mississippi and one of the top performing ones in the United States. Beach culture The strip near the Pacific Ocean has a notable population of surfers who take advantage of the sometimes excellent surf conditions of Ocean Beach. Because of the cold Pacific current that brings ocean water from Alaska, it is usually necessary to wear a wetsuit when surfing at Ocean Beach. Several surf shops can be found near the beach in the Outer Sunset. Several playgrounds are located in the Sunset, including Sunset Playground and Recreation Center, Blue Boat Playground, West Sunset, McCoppin Square, and South Sunset. Current issues The current efforts to develop a comprehensive plan for this section of San Francisco is the Ocean Beach Master Plan (OBMP). The OBMP is an interagency effort to develop a long-term vision for Ocean Beach that will address numerous issues. Climate Like much of the coast of Northern California, Sunset district has a cool summer mediterranean climate, albeit with an unusual annual temperature distribution. The warmest days of the year occur in October and then the coldest nights of the year occur just two months later in December. Its climate is strongly influenced by the Pacific Ocean and therefore has even cooler summers and milder winters than downtown San Francisco. Rainfall follows a seasonal pattern with plentiful precipitation in the winter (almost all of this falling as rain) and extremely dry summers. References Further reading External links Articles related to the Sunset District at FoundSF.org http://outsidelands.org/sunset.php Information from the Western Neighborhoods Project Sunset Neighborhood Beacon Center, youth and family community center Category:Neighborhoods in San Francisco Category:History of San Francisco Category:Chinatowns in the United States Category:Chinese-American culture in San Francisco Category:Populated coastal places in CaliforniaBest answer chosen by InMotion Hosting staff Thanks for posting your question. I'm happy to assist you today. You don't have to worry about deleting a question. Simply log into the support center and mark the question as resolved. If you need further assistance please feel free to contact us.#!/usr/bin/make -f # Copyright (c) TurnKey GNU/Linux - http://www.turnkeylinux.org # # This file is part of Fab # # Fab is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it # under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by

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The facts as presented here are construed accordingly, and they are limited to this motion. I. Henderson's Early History at YAP Henderson was hired by YAP on May 14, 1990, as a Case Manager, by Pahigian with the approval of Weissman and O'Boyle. As one of the first three case managers hired to effectuate the Alternatives to Incarceration contract between the City and State of New York and what was then NCIA, Henderson was involved in establishing the duties and responsibilities of a case manager. Henderson's duties included supervision and management of approximately eight YAP clients. Specifically, his responsibilities included conducting intake and background investigations, developing alternative-to-detention plans to submit to the courts, advocating to the courts for the release of clients from detention into the Program, supporting the children and their families through direct community-based contact and interaction, and regularly submitting progress reports to the courts and other appropriate individuals. On April 11, 1991, Henderson received his first performance review. He received a grade of "outstanding", the highest available, in eight of the ten categories in which he was rated, one "high" grade, and one "normal" grade. Based upon this performance review, Henderson received a pay raise. In October 1991, Pahigian promoted Henderson to the position of Senior Case Manager, with an accompanying pay raise, and that promotion was approved by O'Boyle and Weissman. In addition to his case management duties, Henderson became responsible for assisting in the supervision of three case managers, including providing them with guidance in their casework with clients. On October 15, 1992, Henderson received another performance review. He received exclusively "outstanding" grades and received high praise. Indeed, throughout his tenure as Case Manager and Senior Case Manager, Defendants aver that Henderson was considered by Pahigian, O'Boyle, and Weissman to be an excellent and valued employee. In April 1993, Pahigian resigned, and, as part of YAP's restructuring, Henderson was promoted at the behest of Pahigian and with the efforts of Weissman and O'Boyle on July 1, 1993, to the newly created position of Director of Case Management Services ("DCMS"). As the first person to fill this new position, Henderson was involved in establishing the duties and responsibilities of the DCMS. His duties included direct supervisory responsibility and training of all case management staff, consisting of one Senior Case Manager and five case managers. Henderson had exclusive authority over case management decisions and bore responsibility for maintenance of all client files and records. Because of these additional supervisory responsibilities, Henderson carried a reduced caseload of four clients during his tenure as DCMS. Among his accomplishments during his tenure was to increase significantly the number of referrals to YAP, a goal in light of the fact that the Project had failed to meet its contractual goals during the previous fiscal year. Just before Henderson assumed the position of DCMS, following Pahigian's resignation in April, YAP operated until August 20, 1993, without a Project Director until Wong filled the vacancy. During this time, Henderson was the highest-ranking case management employee at YAP and had extensive latitude and autonomy. *695 II. The Automobile Incident Defendants allege that the relationship between Wong and Henderson began on poor footing, and that almost instantly upon taking over YAP, Wong experienced resistance from Henderson in accepting her supervision and authority. Their first exchange, besides mere pleasantries, consisted of an encounter in which Henderson objected to and challenged Wong's enforcement of a YAP policy on employee use of automobiles leased by the Project. Henderson asserts that the nature of this interaction was professional, not personally antagonistic. The details of the interaction are as follows. Case managers were allowed to use leased cars available to YAP as needed, provided use had been approved by either the Project Director or the Assistant Project Director. Because there was no Project Director at the time a memorandum was issued regarding this policy, Henderson, as DCMS, was allowed to approve the case managers' use of the cars. Several days after Wong began as Project Director at YAP, she issued a memorandum reiterating that only she or the Assistant Project Director could approve case managers' use of cars. Henderson's access to the cars remained unchanged, but he did confront Wong after learning of her memorandum, dismayed at the fact that she had made the change without first consulting with him. Defendants assert that this confrontation began a strained relationship between Henderson and Wong, marked by Henderson's refusal to adapt to Wong's different approach to management of YAP and to her tempering of his previous authority and control. Henderson states that the situation was relatively cordial once the misunderstanding had been worked out, and that there were no lingering bad feelings between him and Wong. III. The Crossroads Incident On October 15, 1993, Henderson overheard a Crossroads client, Simone, an African-American woman who was engaged in cleaning a bathroom at the YAP offices on the CCA premises, complaining that she had been compelled by the Crossroad program to do that work. Crossroads had only recently required its clients to clean the YAP bathrooms, and Simone informed Henderson of that fact. Also recently, Darrel, an African-American man, had been replaced as CCA's maintenance worker by John Clohessy ("Clohessy"), a white man. Henderson was dismayed upon learning of Crossroads' new policy. He asserts that there were two sources of his dismay. First, Henderson states, he believed that the practice of compelling Crossroads clients to clean CCA bathrooms was discriminatory and akin to slavery, because the Crossroads clients were exclusively black and Latino, because the new cleaning policy had been implemented at the same time that Clohessy had replaced Darrel, and because Clohessy had been hired to supervise the Crossroads clients, though Darrel had cleaned the CCA bathrooms without assistance. Second, Henderson states, he was bothered by the appearances presented by the Crossroads policy, believing them antithetical to the philosophy of CCA. Henderson asked Simone to stop cleaning the YAP bathrooms and advised her that he would speak to someone about the new requirement. When Bloomfield learned that day of Henderson's actions, he asked O'Boyle to call a meeting among the three of them. Bloomfield argued to O'Boyle that it was improper and potentially damaging from a treatment perspective for Henderson to undermine the authority of the Crossroads treatment team by giving any instructions directly to Crossroads clients. Bloomfield told O'Boyle that Henderson should have raised any concerns or objections with Bloomfield or another Crossroad employee. O'Boyle asked Henderson to come to her office, and Bloomfield reiterated his objections to Henderson's behavior. Henderson expressed his objection to the new cleaning policy as discriminatory, degrading to the clients, and contrary to the goals of CCA. Henderson further stated that he believed an improper appearance was presented by having the Crossroads clients cleaning, because of the stereotypes associated with that work, and in light of the fact that all of the Crossroads clients were all black or Latino. Bloomfield emphasized that all Crossroads *696 clients were required to undertake various responsibilities in order to instill a sense of ownership of the community as part of the Crossroads treatment program, and that this was a widespread therapeutic philosophy in other, similar treatment communities. Bloomfield stressed that the client responsibilities program had been instituted by Donna Harris, the Crossroads Director of Treatment, who is black. Henderson alleges that at the meeting, Bloomfield suggested that Henderson himself was a racist because Henderson had objected to the policy only because all of the Crossroads clients were members of minority groups and that Henderson would not have reacted to their cleaning the YAP bathrooms had they been white. Henderson also alleges that during the meeting, O'Boyle defended the policy in part because she claimed the Crossroads clients enjoyed cleaning. After the meeting, Crossroads no longer required its clients to clean the bathrooms on the YAP side of the CCA facility. Henderson states that this change in policy constituted a compromise to which O'Boyle and Bloomfield reluctantly agreed. Defendants state that they believed that Henderson had raised a valid point regarding the possibility of misinterpretation of the client responsibilities by those unfamiliar with the concept of rehabilitative treatment, and they thus decided to discontinue cleaning on the YAP side of the CCA facility, while continuing it on the Crossroads side. Subsequent to this meeting, Bloomfield and O'Boyle never discussed the issue again with Henderson. Defendants assert that neither Bloomfield nor O'Boyle discussed the incident with Wong prior to Henderson's discharge, believing the situation to be resolved. Henderson asserts that the incident became the focus of substantial discussion among Bloomfield, O'Boyle, Weissman, and the Crossroads staff over the next several weeks, and that his actions were cast in a negative light in the course of those discussions. IV. The File Review Because YAP contracts with the City of New York, the Project is subject to periodic site visits from City contractors monitoring YAP's compliance with the terms of the contract. The City monitors were scheduled to conduct a site visit of YAP on October 26, 1993. These site visits had occurred regularly during Pahigian's tenure as Project Director, but the October 26, 1993, visit was to be the first following Wong's employment as Project Director. Typically during these site visits, monitors conducted an audit of the case management files to assure that the clients were being adequately supervised upon release from detention in accordance with the contract terms. Defendants state that as the date for the monitors' visit neared, Henderson had not conducted a preliminary file inspection in preparation for the visit, and so Wong, growing anxious, conducted the inspection herself, with the assistance of O'Boyle. As they began to review the client files for each of the case managers, Wong

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“Hmmm…this isn’t what I was expecting. I thought he would be begging me for another chance, but instead I hardly hear from him anymore! This doesn’t make any sense. Why is he being like this? He must want me back, right? I mean, why wouldn’t he? I’m so beautiful. Surely, he knows that he won’t be able to find another woman like me. So, why isn’t he chasing after me? What’s going on here?” As a result, a woman like that will stop playing hard to get when her ex contacts her, or she will contact him and try to get something going between them again. For example: She might send him a text saying something along the lines of, “Hey, I’ve missed you. Why don’t you give me a call sometime? We’re not enemies now you know? It’s okay to say hi.” Alternatively, she might wait to hear from him and when he does contact her, she will say hi, be friendly and then suggest that they catch up and say hi. So, limited contact can work in cases like that, but there’s no real guarantee with that approach. The most guaranteed approach that you can use is to actively make your ex have sexual and romantic feelings for you again, based on how you interact with her. You can do that with limited contact, but just don’t waste time ‘playing it cool’ or acting like a friend. Make use of the contact that you have with her to get sparks flying between you and her again. That’s what gets the job done quicker and easier with a woman. Another possible reaction from a narcissist ex girlfriend to limited contact is… 3. She replies to her ex’s limited contact, but moves on with another guy at the same time For a narcissist, it’s all about her. As long as she is getting what she wants, she doesn’t care what happens to other people. So, if a guy is using limited contact with a narcissist ex girlfriend as a way of getting her back (e.g. he sends her an occasional text or social media message, clicks like on a few of her posts), she may string him along by responding to him from time to time. Then, while he’s happily thinking things like, “Cool! At least she’s replying to me. Maybe that’s a sign that she still has some feelings for me and that she hasn’t been moving on. Maybe if I keep this up for a while longer, she will eventually realize that she misses me and we can then work on getting our relationship back together again. I’ve just got to play it cool and stick with limited contact,” she uses the time apart to find herself a new guy. As a result, she feels great about herself the whole time, knowing that she has two men who want her, adore her and are available to her, without giving a second thought to how that makes her ex (or her new man) feel. Here’s the thing though… If your ex girlfriend truly is a narcissist, then she’s only going to do what feels good to her (even if it means keeping you around for her amusement while she moves on with another guy). That may sound cruel, but that’s the way many narcissists are. Another possible reaction from a narcissist ex girlfriend is… 4. She misinterprets your texts as meaning that you’re still totally in love with her If a woman is a narcissist, then she might see your limited contact as meaning that you’re still in love with her and are hoping to get her back by ‘playing it cool.’ So, rather than think, “Why isn’t he calling me all the time? Could it be possible that he’s moving on? He only texts me every now and then. Maybe he’s over me!” she will likely be thinking something like, “He’s trying to play it cool, but I can see that he’s still totally into me. He just can’t accept that we’re broken up and he’s probably just sitting around at home pining for me. That’s so sad. He’s such a loser now. I’m too good for him anyway. I should go out this weekend and meet some new guys. Why am I even thinking about him? He’s not good enough for me.” That line of thinking allows her to feel good about herself, as she continues to move on without him. A Better Approach to Getting a Narcissist Ex Girlfriend Back If you want to get your narcissist ex girlfriend back for real, try this approach instead: 1. Don’t worry about what she may or may not think. Just do what will work on her Whether a woman is a narcissist or not, the same principles of attraction and seduce apply to getting her back. You need to get her feeling attracted to you again, so she naturally wants to be with you and begins to feel as though she will regret it if she doesn’t give you another chance. So, from now on, stop thinking things like, “If I contact her right away, she might think I’m desperate. She might then reject me to make herself feel good” or, “She always thinks about herself, so maybe if I use limited contact, it will shock her into wanting me back because she will hate that I’m not chasing after her.” Instead, just do what works to get a woman back. Start by attracting her on a phone call and then meet up with her in person to attract her and seduce her. Get to a kiss, sex and open the door back up to a relationship between you and her. Here’s the thing… Using limited contact can work on a woman who is still in love with her ex guy, or a woman who is struggling to find a replacement guy. However, if a woman isn’t in love with her ex anymore, or is easily able to move on without him by hooking up with a new guy, she will usually do that, regardless of whether he is using limited contact or no contact. So, what you need to do is interact with your ex, re-attract her, seduce her and get her back, rather than playing long, drawn out games with limited contact or no contact. Another thing you can do to get your narcissist ex girlfriend back is… 2. Use her narcissism to your advantage If your ex girlfriend thinks the world revolves around her and that whatever she says and does matters the most, then rather than trying to change her, just use her beliefs to make her want you again. How? Let her think that she has the power prior to meeting up with you, but then take back power when you interact with her in person. For example: Imagine that you’re on a call with your ex with the intention of getting a meet up with her. After using some humor to ease the tension between you and her and to reawaken some of her feelings for you, you can say something along the lines of, “Anyway, so we should catch up to say hi sometime this week to say hello as friends. I’m busy on Tuesday and Thursday, but I’m free on Monday and Wednesday. Which one of those two days suits you best?” She might then play hard to get and try to test how much power she has over you, by responding with something like, “I don’t think that’s a good idea” or, “What makes you think I want to see you again?” You can then laugh and say, “Of course I don’t think that. We’d just be catching up as friends. Anyway, if we catch up and you then decide that you hate being there or never want to talk to me ever again, you can leave any time you want. It will be up to you. You can call the shots. If you don’t ever want to talk to me again after then, I’ll give you my word that I won’t ever contact you again. So, which day suits you best, Monday or Wednesday? It’s your call.” She will then likely agree to meet up with you, because she feels as though she has the power. By the way… Did you notice that even though you’re making out as though she is the one in control (i.e. by saying she’s the one who is calling the shots), you’re actually the one in control (i.e. by making her chose a day that suits you)? Just by doing that, she instinctively starts feeling some respect and attraction for you (i.e. for being masculine, confident), even though she might not realize it. Then, when you meet up with her and she tries to get the upper hand over you by saying something like, “Look, I’m only giving you 5 minutes and then I’m walking out, okay? Make this quick. I nearly didn’t come today. So, say what you want to say and then I’m going to go,” you can take the power back by showing her that her fake drama is not getting to you. You can see the funny side of how she’s behaving by laughing and saying something along the lines of, “Oh, stop being such a drama queen! Take a seat,

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it harder for them to make their living on the coast. Residents of Tragadi Bandar claim in a lawsuit filed April 23 in U.S. federal court in Washington, D.C., that warm water discharged by the Tata plant has driven fish away from the intertidal zone, where the Waghers used to practice pagadiya, a traditional method of setting up nets and harvesting the fish at low tide. The returns from boat fishing, which takes place farther from shore, have also fallen off. “You see this produce here?” says Jam, sweeping his arm across a view of his bandar, one of several fishing settlements along the gulf. Burlap bags stuffed with dried Bombay duck sit on the sand waiting for market. “We used to get this much business in one day. Now it takes 15.” Yunus Suleman Gadh and other fisherfolk on Kutadi Bandar discuss how the Tata plant has harmed both their livelihoods and their health. Sami Siva / International Consortium of Investigative Journalists Jam and his neighbors are among the uncounted: people the World Bank Group and its borrowers have ignored in their push to create dams, power plants and other projects. The global institution’s two main lenders — the World Bank, which lends to governments, and the International Finance Corporation, which lends to corporations such as Tata — have repeatedly failed to make sure people harmed by big projects get counted, an investigation by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists has found. Both lenders have detailed policies that require that their borrowers identify people whose homes or land will be lost or livelihoods will be damaged as a result of the projects they finance. When “project-affected people” are identified, borrowers must resettle them into new homes or help restore their livelihoods. But if people don’t get counted, they’re unlikely to get help from the lenders and their borrowers in putting their lives back together. In some cases, the IFC and the World Bank have declined to count entire populations that claim they’ve been harmed by projects backed by the lenders. In Kenya and Ethiopia, indigenous groups claim that World Bank cash bankrolled mass evictions that targeted them for threats, violence or arbitrary arrests. The World Bank denies its money was used for these evictions. What Is The World Bank? The World Bank Group is the globe’s most prestigious development lender, bankrolling hundreds of government projects each year in pursuit of its high-minded mission: to combat the scourge of poverty by backing new transit systems, power plants, dams and other projects it believes will help boost the fortunes of poor people. Read more » World Bank Group IBRD IDA IFC International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, one of the two lending arms traditionally considered to be the World Bank International Development Association, one of the two lending arms traditionally considered to be the World Bank International Finance Corporation, the World Bank’s private-lending arm Typically lends to middle-income governments, also some creditworthy low-income countries Typically lends to low-income governments Typically lends to private firms in developing (low- to middle-income) countries Founded in 1944 Founded in 1960 Founded in 1956 FY 2014 commitments $18.6 billion FY 2014 commitments $22.2 billion FY 2014 commitments $17.3 billionn Lends at market rate Guarantees loans Lends at low interest rate Lends at market rate Guarantees loans Invests in private companies 1. IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, one of the two lending arms traditionally considered to be the World Bank Typically lends to middle-income governments, also some creditworthy low-income countries Founded in 1944 FY 2014 commitments $18.6 billion Lends at market rate Guarantees loans 2. IDA International Development Association, one of the two lending arms traditionally considered to be the World Bank Typically lends to low-income governments Founded in 1960 FY 2014 commitments $22.2 billion Lends at low interest rate 3. IFC International Finance Corporation, the World Bank's private lending arm Typically lends to private firms in developing (low- to middle-income) countries Founded in 1956 FY 2014 commitments $17.3 billion Lends at market rate Guarantees loans Invests in private companies World Bank Annual Report Sources: Congressional Research Service In other cases, the World Bank has acknowledged that large numbers of people would be harmed by development initiatives, but allowed its borrowers to underestimate the real number. A 2012 internal review of nine World Bank-supported projects found that the number of affected people turned out to be, on average, 32 percent higher than the figure reported by the bank before approving the initiatives, understating the number of people affected by the nine projects by 77,500. This echoed a broader internal review in 1994, which looked at 192 projects and found that the real number of affected people averaged 47 percent higher than previously estimated. In March, a World Bank spokesman acknowledged that the bank-financed Nam Theun 2 dam in Laos has physically displaced or economically affected more than 75,000 villagers — a 50 percent increase over the 50,000 figure that the bank had reported before it approved the project in 2005. Independent researchers who have studied the project estimate that the number of people who have been harmed by the dam’s construction is larger than even bank’s updated number — reaching as high as 130,000 to 150,000. Bruce Shoemaker, a researcher on natural resources issues who worked on the independent review, says villagers downstream from the dam have suffered a drop in wild fish catches, excessive flooding of their rice fields and other impacts on their livelihoods. The failure by World Bank and Laotian officials to recognize the dam’s full effects on people above and below the dam means that the compensation offered to farmers and fisherfolk “didn’t come close to making up for their losses,” Shoemaker says. World Bank officials say they disagree with the larger estimate reached by Shoemaker and his co-researchers. “We are always willing to consider independent studies that focus on our projects,” David Theis, a bank spokesman, said in a written statement. “In this case, our extensive and detailed research and analysis has yielded different facts, which we stand by.” The bank says most people affected by Nam Theun 2 are better off than they were before, with surveys showing many families having more savings and assets and fewer underweight children. The bank says the increase in the numbers of people identified as being affected by the dam came because the project’s managers used a broader definition of affected households. In other cases, bank officials have attributed shifting numbers for people harmed by projects to later expansions in projects’ size or to population growth during projects’ long time windows. Theis said that despite the complex challenges of keeping track of people affected by development, “we are going to be extremely vigilant about our work in this area. When our work does involve relocation, we will do so as long as we can improve or at least restore people’s incomes and living conditions.” Wagher fishermen head into the gulf one afternoon. The water discharged by the Tata power plant is often hotter than the seawater, altering the marine ecosystem, an independent fact-finding team found. Sami Siva / International Consortium of Investigative Journalists Early Warning The problem of undercounting resonates in the Indian state of Gujarat, the site of a mammoth debacle that was supposed to transform the World Bank’s approach to development and displacement. In 1985, the bank pledged $450 million to finance the Sardar Sarovar dam and canal, the keystone of an effort to turn the Narmada River into a series of reservoirs that would serve the state’s most drought-prone regions. The bank estimated in 1987 that 60,000 people would be affected by the project. By 2000, the World Commission on Dams, a study group co-sponsored by the World Bank, put the figure at more than 200,000. Current estimates from NGOs monitoring the project indicate more than 250,000 will be impacted by the dam, which is in now in its final stages of construction. Many of the displaced, like the Wagher fishing families, had no title to the land they occupied. World Bank policies explicitly state that residents without title still qualify for compensation and resettlement assistance. Planning for Sardar Sarovar began with an “elaborate Government pantomime of conducting studies to estimate the actual project costs and the impact it would have on people and the environment,” the famed Indian novelist and activist Arundhati Roy later wrote. “The World Bank participated wholeheartedly in the charade — occasionally it beetled its brows and raised feeble requests for more information on issues like the resettlement and rehabilitation of what it calls ‘PAPs’ — Project Affected Persons. (They help, these acronyms — they manage to mutate muscle and blood into cold statistics. PAPs soon cease to be people.) The merest of crumbs satisfied the Bank and it proceeded with the project.” Resistance was fierce. Protesters blocked roads and barred government officials from their villages. Some pledged to drown rather than leave their land. Police met Gandhi-style nonviolence with beatings and arrests. After activists launched a hunger strike, the World Bank agreed to an independent review by an expert panel. These experts found — in the words of one panelist — “a rather terrifying ignorance” on the bank’s part about the dam’s human consequences. No one knew how many people would be ousted, and there was little preparation, or even available land, for resettling

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their mates when their humans left? Why did they stay and get sick? Lilith walked back to the settlement, a long crude basket filled with breadnuts on her back. She found the male and female ministering to their ooloi holding it between them and entangling its head and body tentacles with their own. Wherever the three touched, tentacles joined them. It was an intimate, vulnerable position, and other ooloi lounged nearby, guarding without seeming to guard. There were also a few humans watching. Lilith looked around the settlement, wondering how many of the humans not present would not come back from their day of wandering or food gathering. Did those who left come together on some other part of the island? Had they built a shelter? Were they building a boat? A wild thought struck her: What if they were right? What if they somehow were on Earth? What if it were possible to row a boat to freedom? What if, in spite of all she had seen and felt, this was some kind of hoax? How would it be perpetrated? _Why_ would it be perpetrated? Why would the Oankali go to so much trouble? No. She did not understand why the Oankali had done some of what they had done, but she believed the basics. The ship. The Earth, waiting to be recolonized by its people. The Oankali's price for saving the few remaining fragments of humanity. But more people were leaving the settlement. Where were they? What if—The thought would not let her alone no matter what facts she felt she knew. _What if the others were right?_ Where had the doubt come from? That evening as she brought in a load of firewood, Tate blocked her path. "Curt and Celene are gone," she said quietly. "Celene let it slip to me that they were leaving." "I'm surprised it took them so long." "I'm surprised Curt didn't brain an Oankali before he left." Nodding in agreement, Lilith stepped around her and put down her load of wood. Tate followed and again planted herself in Lilith's path. "What?" Lilith asked. "We're going too. Tonight." She kept her voice very low—though no doubt more than one Oankali heard her. "Where?" "We don't know. Either we'll find the others or we won't. We'll find something—or make something." "Just the two of you?" "Four of us. Maybe more." Lilith frowned, not knowing how to feel. She and Tate had become friends. Wherever Tate was going, she would not escape. If she did not injure herself or anyone else, she would probably be back. "Listen," Tate said, "I'm not just telling you for the hell of it. We want you to go with us." Lilith steered her away from the center of the camp. The Oankali would hear no matter what they did, but there was no need to involve other humans. "Gabe has already talked to Joe," Tate said. "We want—" "Gabe what!" "Shut up! You want to tell everyone? Joe said he'd go. Now what about you?" Lilith stared at her hostilely. "What about me?" "I need to know now. Gabe wants to leave soon." "If I leave with you, we'll leave after breakfast tomorrow morning." Tate, being Tate, said nothing. She smiled. "I didn't say I was going. All I mean is that there's no reason to sneak away in the night and step on a coral snake or something. It's pitch black out there at night." "Gabe thinks we'll have more time before they discover we're gone." "Where's his mind—and yours? Leave tonight and they'll notice you're gone by tomorrow morning—if you don't wake everyone on your way out by tripping over something or someone. Leave tomorrow morning and they won't notice you're gone until tomorrow night at dinner." She shook her head. "Not that they'll care. They haven't so far. But if you want to slip away, at least do it in a way that will give you a chance to find shelter before nightfall—or in case it rains." "When it rains," Tate said. "It always rains sooner or later. We thought... maybe once we were clear of this place, we'd cross the river, head north, keep heading north until we found a dryer, cooler climate." "If we are on Earth, Tate, considering what was done to Earth and especially to the northern hemisphere, south would be a better direction." Tate shrugged. "You don't get a vote unless you come with us." "I'll talk to Joe." "But—" "And you ought to get Gabe to help you with your acting. I haven't said a thing you and Gabe hadn't already thought of. Neither of you is stupid. And you, at least, are no good at bullshitting people." Characteristically, Tate laughed. "I used to be." She sobered. "Okay, yeah. We've pretty much worked out the best way of doing it—tomorrow morning and south and with someone who probably knows how to stay alive in this country better than anyone but the Oankali." There was a silence. "We really are on an island, you know," Lilith said. "No, I don't _know_ ," Tate answered. "But I'm willing to take your word for it. We'll have to cross the river." "And in spite of what we see on what seems to be the other side, I believe we'll find a wall over there." "In spite of the sun, the moon and the stars? In spite of the rain and the trees that have obviously been here for hundreds of years?" Lilith sighed. "Yes." "All because the Oankali said so." "And because of what I saw and felt before I Awoke you." "What the Oankali let you see and made you feel. You wouldn't believe some of the stuff Kahguyaht has made me feel." "Wouldn't I?" "I mean, you can't trust what they do to your senses!" "I knew Nikanj when it was too young to do anything to my senses without my being aware of it." Tate looked away, stared toward the river where the glint of water could still be seen. The sun—artificial or real—had not quite vanished and the river looked browner than ever. "Look," she said, "I don't mean anything by this, but I have to say it. You and Nikanj..." She let her voice die, abruptly looked at Lilith as though demanding a response. "Well?" "Well, what?" "You're closer to him—to it—than we are to Kahguyaht. You..." Lilith stared at her silently. "Hell, all I mean is, if you won't go with us, don't try to stop us." "Has anyone tried to stop anyone from leaving?" "Just don't say anything. That's all." "Maybe you are stupid," Lilith said softly. Tate looked away again and shrugged. "I promised Gabe I'd get you to promise." "Why?" "He thinks if you give your word, you'll keep it." "Otherwise, I'll run and tell, right?" "I'm beginning not to care what you do." Lilith shrugged, turned and started back toward camp. It seemed to take Tate several seconds to see that she meant it. Then she ran after Lilith, pulled her back away from the camp. "All right, I'm sorry you're insulted," Tate rasped. "Now are you going or aren't you?" "You know the breadnut tree up the bank—the big one?" "Yes?" "If we're going, we'll meet you there after breakfast tomorrow." "We won't wait long." "Okay." Lilith turned and walked back to camp. How many Oankali had heard the exchange? One? A few? All of them? No matter. Nikanj would know in minutes. So it would have time to send for Ahajas and Dichaan. It would not have to sit and go catatonic like the others. In fact, she still wondered why the others had not done it. Surely they had known that their chosen humans were leaving. Kahguyaht would know. What would it do? Something occurred to her suddenly—a memory of tribal people sending their sons out to live for a while alone in the forest or desert or whatever as a test of manhood. Boys of a certain age who had been taught how to live in the environment were sent out to prove what they had learned. Was that it? Train the humans in the basics, then let them go out on their own when they were ready? Then why the catatonic ooloi? "Lilith

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High blood pressure; the condition that occurs as a result of high blood pressure. _Some over-the-counter cough, cold, and allergy medicines tend to cause elevated blood pressure, and include a warning that they may be hazardous to those suffering from HYPERTENSION._ **hypocrite** _(HIP-uh-krit), noun_ A person pretending to be something he or she is not, or pretending, for the sake of appearance, to have high moral beliefs; a person who does not act according to espoused beliefs. _In Marilyn's view, a marriage counselor who advised others to live up to the ideal of fidelity but who cheated on his own wife was the worst kind of HYPOCRITE._ **ignoble** _(ig-NO-bull), adjective_ Dishonorable in nature. In contrast with ignominious (see below), ignoble carries the sense of baseness or lowness. _Peter's IGNOBLE aims were well known to all in the room._ **illicit** _(ih-LISS-it), adjective_ Illegal or morally unjustifiable. Illicit refers to something not sanctioned by custom or law. _We all know now that the money was acquired through ILLICIT means, don't we?_ **imbecility** _(im-buh-SILL-ih-tee), noun_ Foolishness; simplemindedness. _Although he lamented the IMBECILITY of mainstream television, Arnie was not above an occasional viewing of American Gladiators or Geraldo._ **improvident** _(ihm-PRAHV-ih-dent), adjective_ Describes someone who does not plan well for the future or one who acts without thinking. _It was cute when he was younger, but now Mike's IMPROVIDENT behavior just makes him look like a total loser._ **inane** _(in-ANE), adjective_ Pointless or lacking in substance. Something that is inane is vacuous. _Among other INANE suggestions, Jeff proposed painting the lunchroom in a polkadot pattern._ **indict** _(in-DITE), verb_ To charge formally with a crime or offense. (See, for comparison, the entry for indite.) _Rumors that Mr. Brown would soon be INDICTED for his part in the scandal swept the city._ **indiscreet** _(in-dih-SKREET), adjective_ Lacking good judgment and prudence; apt to run one's mouth about things that others would like left private. _Don't get alcohol near Melanie. It makes her go from prudent to INDISCREET in less than sixty seconds!_ **infernal** _(in-FER-nul), adjective_ Fiendish; devilish. Infernal means, literally, "of or pertaining to hell." It is often used as a mild expletive. _This INFERNAL copier keeps breaking down!_ **infidelity** _(in-fi-DEL-ih-tee) noun_ The quality or act of having been untrue or inconsistent with a (often implied) standard. Infidelity is often used to describe extramarital affairs. _Although Gwen suspected her husband of INFIDELITY, she had not come across any tangible proof._ **influenza** _(in-floo-EN-zuh), noun_ A contagious respiratory virus characterized by inflammation of the mucous membrane, fever, prostration, aches, and pains. _David was still weak from his bout with INFLUENZA._ **ingrate** _(IN-grate), noun_ An ungrateful person. A person who does not show the proper respect or gratitude toward someone who has provided help might be called an ingrate. _He lived with us for six months, but that INGRATE Ralph hasn't even written in over two years._ **iniquity** _(ih-NIK-wih-tee), noun_ Injustice or immoral action. Iniquity derives from the Latin for "unfairness." _The many INIQUITIES suffered by American Indians at the hands of government authorities is only now being widely acknowledged._ **insidious** _(in-SID-ee-uss), adjective_ Designed to entrap; happening or spreading harmfully but subtly; stealthily and seductively treacherous. _Mark's chess games were full of INSIDIOUS traps meant to lull his opponent into a sense of complacency._ **insipid** _(in-SIP-id), adjective_ Lacking in vigor; dull. Insipid (usually applied to bland ideas, personalities, or works of art) derives from the Latin for "without taste." _In Frank's opinion, the novel's plot was INSIPID and left much to be desired._ **insolent** _(IN-suh-lnt), adjective_ Rude and arrogant. That which is insulting or disrespectful (especially speech) could be considered _insolent_. _Her INSOLENT retorts to Joan's well-intentioned queries stunned the dinner party._ **insubordinate** _(in-suh-BOR-din-it), adjective_ Failing to accept or obey proper authority. In the military, an enlisted man who insults an officer could be accused of an insubordinate act. _Frank, not eager to be branded INSUBORDINATE, did his best to carry out the colonel's strange orders._ **irascible** _(ih-RASS-uh-bul), adjective_ Easily angered. Those who are prone to fits of temper are irascible. _Sebastian, an IRASCIBLE man, did his best to put on a show of conviviality when he visited his in-laws, most of whom irritated him._ **jaded** _(JAY-dud), adjective_ Worn out; dulled or satiated due to overindulgence. _Her parents thought that providing Tracy with everything her heart desired as a child would make her a happy person, but she grew up to be a JADED and selfish woman._ **jaundice** _(JON-diss), noun_ A yellowish tint to the body's skin, fluids, and tissues as a result of the buildup of excessive bile; also, a biased, hostile attitude. _The cosmetics saleswoman tried to convince her that the makeover had given her a tanned appearance, but Shawna worried that she looked like she had JAUNDICE._ **lacerated** _(LASS-uh-ray-tud), adjective_ Cut, torn, ripped, or mangled. _Because I LACERATED my finger with the scissors while I was on the job, I was eligible to file a workers' compensation claim._ **lackadaisical** _(lack-uh-DAZE-ih-kul), adjective_ Lacking spirit or energy; languid. _I was feeling rather LACKADAISICAL last Sunday, so I stayed in bed all day and watched football games instead of mowing the lawn._ **lackluster** _(LACK-lus-tur), adjective_ Dull; not shiny or brilliant. _Wanda's LACKLUSTER performance as Hedda Gabler led one critic to remark that she probably had a long career ahead of her in the theater—as a stage weight._ **libel** _(LIE-bull), noun_ A written, printed, or pictorial statement or assertion that is unjustly negative, defaming, or hurtful to one's character and reputation. _Several celebrities have sued the supermarket tabloid for LIBEL, but the parade of lurid and preposterous headlines has continued unabated._ **libertine** _(LIB-ur-teen), noun_ One who lives life unconcerned and unrestrained by popular convention or morality; a promiscuous person, especially a man. _Presumably because he is divorced, my elderly grandmother refers to my fiance Eric as "that LIBERTINE," but everyone else in my family thinks he's wonderful._ **licentious** _(lie-SENN-shuss), adjective_ Having little or no moral restraint, especially with regard to sex. _After months of watching Gary leave the nightclub with one woman after another, Paul finally decided to tell Maureen of her husband's LICENTIOUS behavior._ **lip-sync** _(LIP-sink), verb_ To simulate a live singing performance by mouthing along to a record. _It is common these days for recording artists to LIP-SYNC for the bulk of a " live" concert._ **litigious** _(lih-TIJ-us), adjective_ Overly inclined to engage in lawsuits. Litigious can also mean "of or

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-3,15-dione; 10-(benzyloxy)-5-ethyl-9-fluoro-5-hydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 5-ethyl-9-fluoro-5,10-dihydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 5-ethyl-9,10-difluoro-3,15-dioxo-4,5,13,15-tetrahydro-1H,3H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinolin-5-yl 2-aminoacetate; 5-ethyl-9,10-difluoro-3,15-dioxo-4,5,13,15-tetrahydro-1H,3H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinolin-5-yl 3-aminopropanoate; 2,9-diethyl-9-hydroxy-1,2,3,9,10,16-hexahydro-13H-[1,3]oxazino[5,6-f]oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-11,14-dione; 9-ethyl-9-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,3,9,10,16-hexahydro-13H-[1,3]oxazino[5,6-f]oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-11,14-dione; 2-benzyl-9-ethyl-9-hydroxy-1,2,3,9,10,16-hexahydro-13H-[1,3]oxazino[5,6-f]oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-11,14-dione; 2-benzyl-9-ethyl-5-fluoro-9-hydroxy-1,2,3,9,10,16-hexahydro-13H-[1,3]oxazino[5,6-f]oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-11,14-dione; (+)-5-ethyl-9,10-difluoro-5-hydroxy-4,5,13,15-tetrahydro-1H,3H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; (+)-1-[9-chloro-5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-10-methyl-3,15-dioxo-4,5,13,15-tetrahydro1H,3H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinolin-12-ylmethyl]-4-methylhexahydropyridine; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the latter. The invention more particularly relates to the following compounds corresponding to the formula (HCPT): 5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 5,12-diethyl-5-hydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline3,15-dione; 8-ethyl-8-hydroxy-2,3,8,9,12,15-hexahydro-10H,13H-[1,4]dioxino[2,3-g]oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-10,13-dione; 10-(benzyloxy)-5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 5-ethyl-5,10-dihydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 11-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-5-ethyl-5,10-dihydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 5-ethyl-9-fluoro-5-hydroxy-10-methoxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 9-chloro-5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-10-methyl-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 5-ethyl-9,10-difluoro-5-hydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 7-ethyl-7-hydroxy-7,8,11,14-tetrahydro-9H,12M-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-9,12-dione; 9-chloro-5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-10-methoxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-10-methoxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 9,11-dichloro-5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 5-ethyl-9-fluoro-5-hydroxy-10-methyl-1,4,5,13-tetrahydro-3H,15H-oxepino[3xe2x80x2,4xe2x80x2:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,15-dione; 5-ethyl-10-fluoro-5-hydroxy-1,4,5,13-tetra

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Gas: Detection around M Dwarf TWA 7' --- Introduction {#sect:intro} ============ Planetesimal belts, also known as debris disks, are extrasolar Kuiper and asteroid belt analogues, detected around a significant fraction of nearby, main-sequence solar-type (FGK) and A stars [for a review, see e.g. @Hughes2018; @Wyatt2018]. Detectable belts are collision-dominated environments, where the mass of the observed dust and larger planetesimals in a so-called *collisional cascade* depletes over time [as observed, e.g. @Wyatt2007b; @Holland2017; @Sibthorpe2018]. To date, 19 of these belts have been detected in one or several gas tracers. Detection of gas in planetesimal belts has the potential to inform us about exocometary compositions [@Matra2017b; @Matra2018a], particularly during the $\sim$10-100 Myr period when terrestrial planet formation is still ongoing, and volatile delivery events through exocomets may be commonplace [e.g. @Morbidelli2012]. CO dominates the number of detections (17/19), in part thanks to the unprecedented sensitivity of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). For many systems, it remains debated whether the gas is primordial or secondary in origin, where primordial gas is a long-lived remnant of the protoplanetary disk [@Kospal2013], whereas secondary gas is second-generation like the dust, produced by exocometary gas release [e.g. @Zuckerman2012; @Matra2015]. In five of these belts, the CO masses and line opacities have been well established, and the resulting low CO masses and optically thin CO lines can only be explained by a second generation origin [@Dent2014; @Marino2016; @Marino2017a; @Matra2017a; @Matra2017b; @Booth2018]. The origin of gas for the more massive CO-bearing belts remains unconfirmed, but there are indicators suggesting an absence or a significant depletion of H$_2$, which would point toward a secondary origin for them, too [e.g. @Hughes2017; @Higuchi2017]. A puzzling outcome of the first global analysis of the CO detections is a significantly higher occurrence rate of CO in belts around A stars compared to lower luminosity stars [@Moor2017]. Indeed, no detection has been reported to date around stars of type later than F, which constitute the overwhelming majority of stars in our Galaxy. In this work, we aim to understand how the presence of CO gas in a planetesimal belt is affected by its stellar host, and explain the origin of the decreasing CO occurrence rates around stars of decreasing stellar luminosity. We do so by presenting the first ALMA detection of CO in a planetesimal belt around an M3-type [@Ducourant2014] dwarf, TWA 7. This nearby star [34.0 pc, @Gaia2018] is part of the TWA association [@Webb1999], setting its age at $\sim$10 Myr [@Bell2015]. Its infrared excess was detected by *Spitzer* [@Low2005] and confirmed by *Herschel* [@RiviereMarichalar2013]. The first, scattered light image of the outer regions of the belt was obtained by HST [@Choquet2016], and more recent SPHERE data resolve the belt’s inner regions showing broad emission from a face-on ring extending from $\sim$20 to at least $\gtrsim70$ au [@Olofsson2018]. Unresolved submillimeter emission was detected by the JCMT [@Matthews2007]. However, ALMA observations recently showed that the JCMT flux is actually dominated by an unrelated source $\sim6.6\arcsec$ offset from the star (likely a submillimeter galaxy), although the fainter-than-expected belt is also detected and marginally resolved [@Bayo2018]. We here analyze the CO cube obtained as part of the same ALMA dataset as described in @Bayo2018. In §\[sect:obs\], we summarize the interferometric observations, including their calibration and imaging. §\[sect:res\] presents our analysis of the CO data and a derivation of physical parameters from measured quantities. In §\[sect:disc\], we demonstrate the exocometary origin of the gas, and examine how of the exocometary release process differs around M stars compared to more luminous stars. Finally, we discuss the origin of the stellar luminosity dependence of the CO detection rates in the context of exocometary gas release. We conclude by summarizing our findings in §\[sect:concl\]. Observations {#sect:obs} ============ TWA 7 was observed by ALMA in Band 7 using the 12m array in 2016. Three observations were obtained, one with 42 antennas in a compact configuration pointed at coordinates RA: 10h42m29.904s Dec: -33d40m17.098s, and two with 36 antennas in a more extended configuration pointed at coordinates RA: 10h42m30.413s Dec: -33d40m16.700s, altogether spanning baselines from 15.1 m to 3.1 km. Further details of the observations can be obtained in @Bayo2018. Standard calibrations were applied to each dataset using the ALMA pipeline in CASA v5.1.0. A CO visibility dataset was produced covering $\sim$1200, 244.141 kHz-wide channels around the transition frequency (345.796 GHz), with continuum emission subtracted from it using the *uvcontsub* CASA task. For continuum imaging, we considered all 6.9 GHz covered by the 4 spectral windows of each of the observations. For both CO and continuum, calibrated visibilities from the different observations and configurations were imaged both separately and together using the *tclean* task within CASA, in mosaic mode with multiscale deconvolution. To improve sensitivity to extended emission originating from the belt, we use natural weighting and further apply a 2$\arcsec$ u-v taper to the visibilities prior to imaging. The final CO data cube reaches an RMS sensitivity of 7 mJy/beam in a 244.141 kHz channel (corresponding to 0.21 km/s at 345.796 GHz) for a synthesized beam size of $1.8\arcsec\times 1.7\arcsec$ (62$\times$58 au at the distance of the star from Earth). The continuum image has an RMS noise level of 0.07 mJy/beam for the same synthesized beam size. ![CO J=3-2 spectra of the belt around TWA 7, spatially integrated over the region where continuum is detected at the $\sim$2$\sigma$ level. The top (red) spectrum is obtained without any spectral filtering, whereas the center and bottom spectra are obtained by shifting the 1D spectra at each pixel location by the negative of their expected Keplerian velocity at that location. Two possible signs of the velocity are possible, depending on whether the East side of the belt is moving away or towards us, leading respectively to the green and blue spectra. The grey region indicates the $\pm1\sigma$ confidence interval for the stellar radial velocity [@Gagne2017]. The green shaded region represents the best-fit Gaussian profile to the spectro-spatially filtered emission, used to quantify the integrated line flux.[]{data-label="fig:1dspectra"}](TWA7_CO32_allspectra_vnoselfcal_compandext_smallerpix.pdf) Results and Analysis {#sect:res} ==================== Spectro-spatial filtering: CO J=3-2 detection {#sect:spectrospatial} --------------------------------------------- No strong emission is observed after quick inspection of the CO data cube around the radial velocity of the star [11.9$\pm$0.4 km/s in the heliocentric frame, @Gagne2017]. Following the method of @Matra2015 [@Matra2017b], we apply a spectro-spatial filtering technique in order to boost the S/N and achieve maximum sensitivity (Fig. \[fig:1dspectra\]). First, we simply spatially integrate over the region within $\sim$3.5" from the star where continuum emission from the belt is detected above the 2$\sigma$ level. This produces the red spectrum, where a hint of a Keplerian double-peaked profile already emerges from the noise around the expected stellar velocity. To test whether this signal truly originates from circumstellar gas, we then assume that CO orbits with the Keplerian velocity field expected around a star of 0.55 M$_{\odot}$ [@Neuhauser2000], for a disk with an inclination (13$^{\circ}$) and position angle (PA, 91$^{\circ}$) as derived from high resolution dust imaging in the near-IR [@Olofsson2018]. The unknown rotation direction leads to two possible velocity fields, with the East side of the disk moving away from Earth or towards Earth. For each of the two possible velocity fields, we assign each pixel a given expected radial velocity and shift the 1d spectrum in that pixel along the frequency (velocity) axis, by the negative of its assigned radial velocity. Then, we spatially integrate over the region where continuum emission is detected, to produce the green and blue spectra. We find that the detection is significantly boosted from a peak S/N of 3.7$\sigma$ to 6.4$\sigma$ for a Keplerian velocity field where the East side of the disk is moving away from us, whereas no boost is achieved when the sign of the velocity field is inverted.

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a band. Our guitar teachers teach rock, blues, county, folk and classical guitar styles on electric or acoustic guitars. Our goal is to match the student with the perfect teacher for their learning style, taste and personality. Students are encouraged to bring CDs or their iPod to their lessons to learn their favorite tunes. Beginners learn basic chords and simple songs. Students who like to sing can begin to play guitar to accompany their voice within the first few lessons. We emphasize sight reading and theory but make sure that each lesson is both challenging and fun. More info on Guitar lessons ♦PianoPiano is one of the most popular instruments for beginning students. Even very young children can make a great sound by simply pressing down a key and the system of black and white notes makes understanding music easy. Our piano teachers work in a variety of styles from classical to popular music. Whether you want to learn Beethoven and Bach or popular songs from your favorite artist our teachers can help you or your child become a real pianist. We believe in the importance of learning the fundamentals of sight reading, technique and theory but we also include lots of fun by including your favorite songs into your lesson. You do not need to have a full sized piano in your home to take lessons. A simple touch-sensitive electric keyboard is fine to get started. More info on Piano lessons ♦VoiceIf you have always wanted to be a better rock, pop, country, jazz, gospel or Musical Theater singer, then we have the right voice teacher for you. Our voice teachers focus primarily on popular music often using tried-and-true classical techniques to build the voice. Many students want to be involved in Musical Theater. One of our specialties is preparing singers for parts and auditions. Our staff has extensive Musical Theater training and can help with both vocal quality and character presentation. In addition many guitar and piano players wish to develop their voices to expand their musicianship and allow them to sing and play at the same time. Voice students spend time each week doing vocalization exercises to improve their range, breath control, projection, vibrato, tone production, enunciation and more. All voice students set goals with their teacher and often perform at the many CHMA concerts. More info on Voice Lessons ♦DrumsThe study of drums is a great introduction to the world of music. The emphasis on rhythm is a perfect gateway to future musical exploration especially for students who are physical and kinetic by nature. At CHMA we have a great drum room overflowing with snares, tom-toms, basses, cymbals and assorted percussion gear. Two complete drum sets allow both teacher and student to work out together using both hands and feet. Even beginners learn to keep a beat on the drum kit like a drummer in a rock band. Students learn rudiments, stick control, drum notation and listening skills. To get started all you need a practice pad or snare drum. ♦Violin and Strings Violin and other stinged instruments are an essential part of the programs at CHMA. Students as young as 3 may take lessons using the Suzuki Method when it is appropriate. Violins are available in a variety of sizes to suit any age student. Classical technique is the foundation of string studies however more advanced student can choose from a variety of styles including, jazz, pop, county and Irish fiddle tunes, ♦Brass and Woodwinds ♦Bass and Bass Guitar Harp Fill your home with heavenly music! Right from the beginning, you play a note and it sounds beautiful. Our harp instructor teaches both kids and adults and has experience with every type of beginner. The best age to start is 8 or 9, but some students start at age 62. Classical technique is taught, but students may pick from classical, celtic or folk music. Students usually rent small lever harps at first. No prior musical experience is necessary to start. Ready to enroll? Give us a call at 215 233 0962 or contact us via email by clicking here. More infoExercise Core Temperature Response with a Simulated Burn Injury: Effect of Body Size. Although the severity of a burn injury is often associated with the percentage of total body surface area burned (%TBSA), the thermoregulatory consequences of a given %TBSA injury do not account for the interactive effects of body morphology and metabolic heat production (Hprod). Using a simulated burn injury model to mimic the detrimental effect of a 40% TBSA injury on whole-body evaporative heat dissipation, core temperature response to exercise in physiologically uncompensable conditions between morphologically-disparate groups were examined at (i) an absolute Hprod (watts, W), and (ii) a mass-specific Hprod (watts per kilogram of body mass, W·kg). Healthy, young, non-burned individuals of small (SM, n = 11) or large (LG, n = 11) body size cycled for 60 min at 500 W or 5.3 W·kg of Hprod in 39°C and 20% relative humidity conditions. A 40% burn injury was simulated by affixing a highly absorbent, vapor-impermeable material across the torso (20% TBSA), arms (10% TBSA), and legs (10% TBSA) to impede evaporative heat loss in those regions. While the elevation in core temperature was greater in SM compared to LG at a Hprod of 500 W (SM: 1.69 ± 0.26°C, LG: 1.05 ± 0.26°C, P < 0.01), elevations in core temperature were not different at a Hprod of 5.3 W·kg between groups (SM: 0.99 ± 0.32°C, LG: 1.05 ± 0.26°C, P = 0.66). These data suggest that among individuals with a 40% TBSA burn injury, a smaller body size leads to exacerbated elevations in core temperature during physical activities eliciting the same absolute Hprod (non-weight-bearing tasks) but not activities eliciting the same mass-specific Hprod (weight-bearing tasks).Kind of, well LoL + DOTA2 (courier system is a-go!) gelling with MtG and stuff like Decipher's LOTR TCG and the WoW TCG.It's going to be print, maybe if it does really well I can shop it around to a publisher and then an app developer, but initially it'll be a physical productIn The Pure Theory of Politics, Jouvenel quotes David Hume’s “Of the First Principles of Government” and comments that Hume’s statement below is “perhaps the most important of all political science”: As FORCE is always on the side of the governed, the governors have nothing to support them but opinion. ‘Tis therefore on opinion only that government is founded; and this maxim extends to the most despotic and military governments, as all as the most free and popular. The soldan of Egypt, or the emperor of Rome, might drive his harmless subjects like brute beasts, against their sentiments and inclination: but he must at least have led his mamalukes or praetorian bands like men, by their opinion. For many lovers of liberty, authority tends to take on a negative connotation; it is seen as something which chafes me and against which my liberty must strain. But what Hume and Jouvenel recognize is that authority is not mere force and can never be mere force. The greatest human authority, if it ceases to obtain what Jouvenel calls “response,” goes out like a candle. What is required for lasting rule, according to Hume and Jouvenel, is not coercion but rather the opinion of right. Furthermore, authority for Jouvenel is not a quality inherent in a single element; it is rather the relation between two elements—call them A and B. This relation can be analyzed in two ways: by looking at the sources from which it springs and by looking at the modes in which it operates. I. Following Cicero, Jouvenel notes that authority can spring from two sources. Authority can spring from potentia, or what Jouvenel calls natural or informal authority; and it can spring from potestas, or what Jouvenel calls formal authority. Potentia is the potential for authority inherent in an agent; it is similar to what Max Weber might analyze as charisma. Potestas is the authority inherent not in an agent but in a position. It is often the case that these are not manifested together; many middle management types have potestas with no potentia, and many “natural leader” types have potentia with no potestas. The potential for both benefit and mischief is maximized, of course, when someone with natural authority becomes ensconced in formal authority. As Jouvenel notes ominously, the record shows that dangerous men are more dangerous when admitted to potestas than when denied it. Catiline had tremendous potentia, but he was twice defeated for the Roman Senate, whereas a far lesser man, Clodius Pulcher, was more successful because he obtained the potestas of the Tribune; as a result, he was able to lord over Rome and send Cicero into exile. And calling Hitler to the chancellorship did not successfully counter the Nazi challenge to the Weimar Republic; it would have been better altogether, not just in hindsight but in principle, to deny Hitler potestas. This account of authority may appear strange. But political science, Jouvenel says, deals with appearances, being not a juridical science but rather a phenomenological science. What matters in politics is precisely

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fight to keep myself from swaying as the camp spread open in front of me. It was just that some things had changed in the months I'd been gone. The lower level of the Infirmary had been little more than a hallway of beds and curtains, but all of those were gone now, replaced by stacked, unlabeled boxes. As we moved across the tile, the plastic in my shoe clicking with each stride, I saw PSFs bringing more up from the back rooms and offices. Their curious gazes followed us all the way outside into the pouring rain. Gunmetal-gray skies always drew out the vibrant green of the grass and the trees surrounding the fence. The curtain of water falling around us in sheets didn't dampen the effect in the slightest, nor did it drive away the earthy smell that immediately sent my senses into an overload of visceral memory. I bit my lip and shook my head. It's different now, I reminded myself. You're in control. You are getting out of here. I tried to reach for the old, familiar numb nothing I had lived inside while in this camp, but couldn't find it. The soggy ground shifted under my feet as I found the muddy path. I looked down, and my eyes caught on the sight of the white slip-ons on my feet. The number 3285 stared back, splattered with filthy water and wilted grass. I took a steadying breath and forced myself forward. You're here for a purpose. You are going to get out of here. This was another Op. I could be hard and certain and fight here, too. There was no falling apart now. No giving into fear. Not if I was going to save the others. Rings of cabins curved in front of me, looking darker and smaller than I remembered. I saw holes in the roofs patched over with sheets of warped plastic. The wood paneling along the sides was warping, peeling as the remnants of the last snowstorm dripped down from the roofs. The cold ran like needles over my skin, pinching and stabbing until I finally gave in and started to shiver. The red brick Control Tower at the center of the cabins had darkened under the rain's touch, but there were still multiple PSFs out on the upper ledge, their guns following the paths of each line of drenched kids trudging up the paths from the Garden. Their Blue uniforms clung to their shoulders, the hollows of their stomachs. Most of the kids kept their heads down as they diverted around us, but I caught a few curious glances, all lightning-fast, under the watchful eye of their PSF escort. No—not PSF— I spun on my heel, watching as the soldiers at the end of the line marched on, backs straight, movements choreographed and stiff. They wore crimson vests over their black fatigues. I guided Laybrook off the path with the slightest bit of pressure on his arm, letting the next group pass by us to reach their cabins. Again, walking alongside them at the front and back of the two straight rows were the soldiers in crimson vests. No guns. No weapons of any kind. A warning trill sounded in my mind as the last group came toward us, and terrible suspicion solidified into shock. The red vests were keeping track of the kids, devoid of any emotion. They were young, faces still round and full. My age maybe, or a few years older. They were inserted in the places where the dwindling PSF force should have been. They were Reds. THERE WAS AN HOUR BETWEEN the last work shift, whether it was in the Garden, the Factory, or cleaning in the Mess Hall or Wash Rooms, and when they served dinner. The kids would be returned to their cabins, and each group was allotted a specific time to walk the distance between the buildings. It was a song that only worked if the camp hit each note exactly right. The kids were streams of blue and green, so deeply entrenched in playing their parts that they never stepped out, not even once, to dare interrupt the pace. Reds. God, the others had no idea. I had no way of warning them, and the closer I came to Cabin 27, the more it felt like this was already over. Laybrook followed me up to the cabin, unlocking the door and holding it open for me with a forced politeness. I stepped inside, my eyes meeting his pale ones for the last time. I plugged memories in over the truth, dropped in scenes of him roughing me up, dragging me around, and made him think he was as tough as he wanted to be. The door shut automatically as he turned and walked back into the rain. I knew, by the silence that had greeted me when the door opened, that the girls weren't back yet. They would have switched, just recently, from Factory to Garden duty, and likely were still trudging back through the mud, or waiting at the low fence for permission to move. The cabin—my cabin—was small enough to take in with a single turn. Brown upon brown, broken up only by the yellowing white sheets on the bunk bed. The smell of mildew mixed with a natural body odor, covering even the bland hint of sawdust from the wood. Patches of silver light streamed in through the cracks in the paneling. The wind whispered through the cabin, drawing me around the first few sets of bunks, toward the back wall. I stared at my bunk, a familiar hopeless despair crashing over me. I bit my lip again to keep from crying. Rain had come in through the nearby wall, slanting in to dampen the mattress. I moved toward it like I was underwater, barely feeling it as I sat down. My breath caught in my throat and stayed there as I looked up at the bottom of Sam's mattress. My fingers traced the shapes I had peeled off at night when I couldn't sleep. You left them here. A hand rose up, pressing against my chest, making sure my heart was still beating. You left them here, to live in this hell. "Stop," I whispered. "Stop." There was no way I could ever make up for it. There was no way to go back and change the decision I made that night to swallow Cate's pills. The only way out was forward. I am going to walk out of here. I am going to take every single one of them with me. The door to the cabin popped open. They were silent as they came in, lining the narrow space between the nearby bunks. The PSF came in, counting them off. Then, with a faint smirk, she turned and added me to the tally. The others knew better than to move before the uniform left and locked the door behind her, but nothing could have surprised me more than seeing Sam whirl around, something like hope on her face. Her honey-blond hair had been hastily braided back, and her face was streaked with black dirt. She looked tired, pushed past the point of exhaustion; but her stance, the hands on her hips, the expectant tilt of her head—that was Sam. That was all Sam. "Oh my God." Ellie, one of the older girls. She and Ashley had always tried the hardest to take care of the younger girls. Without her best friend standing shoulder to shoulder with her, I barely recognized her. There was a beat of stillness and then she was rushing toward me, climbing over the bunks that separated us. A good thing, too. I'm not sure I could have moved if I'd wanted to. How was it possible to be bursting with happiness at the sight of them, and still terrified about what they'd think? "Oh my God." Those three words over and over again. Ellie crouched down in front of me, her green shirt splattered with rain. She took my face between her freezing hands, a light touch that turned into a fierce grip once she seemed to accept I was real. "Ruby?" "I'm back," I choked out. The other girls bottlenecked the path between the bunks, and some, Sam included, simply crawled over the mattresses and frames that stood between them and me. Vanessa, Macey, Rachel, all of them, reaching out, touching my face, the hands that were limp in my lap. Not angry. Not accusing. Not afraid. Don't cry, I told myself, smiling even as my eyes burned behind my lashes. "They said that you died," Ellie said, still kneeling in front of me. "That it was IAAN. What happened? They took you away that night, and you never came back—" "I got out," I told them. "One of the nurses planned the whole thing. I met other kids like us and...we hid." The abbreviated truth would have to do—for now. I'd never bothered to ask Cate if the cameras could record sound in addition to video, but the sight of them gathered around me would be dangerous enough. We weren't supposed to touch each other. "But they found you?" This from Vanessa, dark eyes still wide with disbelief. "Do you know if they took Ashley, too? Have you heard anything about her?" "What happened?" I asked, careful to keep my tone measured. "They pulled her in to work in the Kitchen...maybe two months ago?" Ellie said. That wasn

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and then to find ways to help herself out of the anxiety attack syndrome. And from there, her work both as a developer of effective autistic therapies and as a an animal scientist blossomed. As an adult, she is regarded as one of the most gifted animal scientists, and one of the highest functioning autistic individuals in the world. Here story is remarkable: it teaches us as much about what it means to be human as it teaches about autism and its potentials. I just love this book. Prepare for an incredible journey into the workings of the human mind - both normal and abnormal. Temple Grandin, a Ph.D. animal researcher who is also autistic, has gifted us all with an intimate "insiders account" of autism. You will learn more about the nature of this syndrome and of the workings of your own mind from this account than you could from any collection of theoretical reports. Further, because Temple is also a consummate scientist, her report is filled with the latest discoveries about the neurological basis of autism and about what therapies have been found to work and for whom they are effective. This is a great book that is certain to help anyone working with any special human needs. Outstanding! This biography has become one of my favorite books - I have read it more than once and given it to many people since first finding. Unfortunately, it found its way to the bottom of my "books to upload" pile, so I am only now getting it to you. I can almost hear Teresa saying, "Finally! Now let's get on with it!" Medwick's retelling of St. Teresa of Avila's life is almost always from the perspective of how Teresa herself would have seen (or has written that she did see) the events around her. I love this, as it offers the utlimate in both historical accuracy and respect toward a very great woman who wove beatiful pathways toward salvation into a fabric of Western Civilization. Additionally, the author's penning of the story itself has the readability of a good novel even as it conveys a mindset and circumstances that, outwardly at least, are so very different from what we commonly encounter in the modern world. I feel that Teresa is a woman for our time as much as she was a woman for her own time - and that this biography offers one of the best portraits of this person who we can all benefit by knowing better. Here's a glimpse of what you will find between the covers of this book: From the time Teresa of Avila (1515-1582) entered a convent at the age of sixteen, she exhibited an independence of spirit not readily tolerated by the sixteenth-century Church or the sixteenth-century political community. Her expansive nature, intensity, and energy would fuel a lifetime of accomplishment, including most significantly the reform of Carmelite convents and the writing of a body of work that today is considered the cornerstone of Christian mysticism. In a finely wrought, multidimensional portrait of Teresa, Cathleen Medwick brings to life a woman of very human contradictions: a devoted daughter of the Church who bent the ruls - and barely survived the Spanish Inquisition - to achieve her goals; a practical, no-nonsense manager whose very personal brand of spirituality manifested itself in flamboyant, arguably erotic, raptures; a woman who, despite debilitating illness, traveled around Spain with the assurance (if not the authority) of a man to organize and strengthen Carmelite communities. There is much more that could be added, but you'll have more fun if I don't tell you every little thing. Do enjoy - this is truly a book for the heart. I read an excerpt of Bones of the Master in the Spring 2000 issue of Tricycle. It knocked my socks off - such beauty, such writing, what a story! Without even bothering to question, I ordered a copy the very next day. Then I proceeded to read it as though it were food and I were starving. It filled me completely. Bones of the Master is a true story about a Ch'an (Chinese Zen) Buddhist Master, Tsung Tsai, then living in upstate New York. At the age of 72, Tsung Tsai determined to return to China - from which he had escaped during the Great Leap Forward in 1959. His purpose was to find the bones of his beloved Master, rebury them with proper Buddhist rites, and create a shrine in his master's memory. He selects as his traveling partner his neighbor and "heart friend," George Crane, the author of the book. Crane's life up to that point had as little to do with the renunciation of desire as Tsung Tsai's had to do with its cultivation - the way they weave their worlds together is as much an adventure as their remarkable trek into the mountains of Inner Mongolia to carry out their unlikely task. The Truth that Tsung Tsai shares with us along the way is as powerfully transforming as it is beautiful and wise. Bones of the Master is so valuable on so many levels that I am joyous to offer it to you! It's hard to know what to say about a book whose every passage evokes tears of both joy and grief. Honey-Bun is as much a Song of Songs to the love that passes between human and animal as it is a Requiem for a lost friend. Anne Stockton has not written just another beautifully written story about a beloved pet (and I love such stories); she has created a work of art - poetic prose, luminous pastel paintings, and a story both unique and universal. This is a very special book - the kind that is treasured and cherished as it is passed among family and friends. She Would Draw Flowers is the legacy of a vibrant, extraordinarily talented young woman whose life came to a sudden close at age 17 in a car accident. I find that I cannot read it without tears coming to my eyes - that someone so filled with enthusiasm and a love of life should have left so soon, so abruptly. However, through those tears, another feeling arises, one of joy and renewed faith that such a gifted person (and these poems and drawings are genuine art, far from the sentimental and contrived) even in so brief a time should have managed to leave us this rare gift. Outstanding. NOTE: Imperfect copies currently discounted on the clearance page (scroll down to find them). I put off posting this book in our Book Shop, not because I didn't like it, but because it touched my heart so deeply that I have had trouble finding the words to convey what lies between its covers. What Dorothy Maclean has poured into Choices of Love is nothing less than a mirror reflecting the burgeoning Love that overflows the Earth and can be seen anywhere one chooses to look for it. She has also shared exercises and attitudes that we can use to develop our capacity to see, hear and feel this Love as she is able to do. My experience of working my way through Choices of Love was multifaceted - I received gift upon gift of beauty, found door after door opening to me, was graced with epiphany upon epiphany, and finally found myself dropping chain after chain, able to embrace and be embraced by the Love which sustains all Creation. May you experience it likewise. Dorothy Maclean is a cofounder of the Findhorn Community in Scotland and author of To Hear the Angels Sing [available in the Nature section].Usually large valves are closed by a spring force which is supplied from a spring which is maintained in compression, and which exerts a force on an actuating rod which is connected with or integral with the valve stem. The valve is opened by air under pressure which forces a piston connected to the actuating rod against the bias of the spring in the direction necessary to open the valve. Thus, if air pressure should drop, the valve would close under the action of the spring to give the system a fail-safe feature. Many large valves must be provided with a fail-safe closing system which will close the valve in the event of a catastrophe such as an earthquake or serious fire. An example of a large valve which must be provided with a system for exerting a large closing force, and for maintaining the valve closed, is a large valve used in a main steam line between the steam generator and turbines in a large power plant. In nuclear power plants it is required that main steam isolation valves be capable of shutting safely when the air lines to the valve actuator are fractured as by an earthquake. This requirement is not easily met because the valves must overcome the high pressure in the steam line while being closed in spite of the fact that the air lines to the valves have been fractured, and the source of energy used to close the valves has been impaired.It was the same old Jason Collins, sporting a sheepish grin and brimming with humility. He’s a man of few words, but they’re always meaningful. His return to TD Garden for the first time since coming out as gay last April was uneventful, just as he predicted. At the Nets’ shootaround Friday morning, Collins sat by himself wearing a skullcap to keep warm, waiting for the media that is ever present since he signed Feb. 24. As reporters walked toward Collins, he began smiling. It wasn’t a series of uncomfortable questions. Collins predicted the attention would soon wane and normalcy would return. “There’s only so many ways you can write the story about the off-the-court stuff,” he said. “It’s kind of funny but it’s how I predicted it would be. I’m just trying to focus on basketball, not really focus on all the off-the-court stuff. So that’s been really helpful for me

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*(-3 - -5). Let x = o + -2. What is the remainder when x is divided by 10? 3 Let b = -41 + 43. Let z be (b + -2)/2 - 13. Let x = z + 18. What is the remainder when 28 is divided by x? 3 Let n = -7405 - -7527. What is the remainder when 14881 is divided by n? 119 Suppose -752*v = -718*v - 1428. What is the remainder when v is divided by 40? 2 Let d = -361 + 389. Let x(c) = -3*c + 3. Let i be x(4). What is the remainder when d is divided by 0 - (1 - (0 - i))? 4 Let g(n) be the first derivative of -n**4/4 - 5*n**3/3 - 6*n**2 + n - 210. Calculate the remainder when 218 is divided by g(-5). 35 Let w(p) be the first derivative of -8*p**2 - 2*p + 30. Let x be w(1). Calculate the remainder when 0 - (1341/x + (-2)/4) is divided by 13. 10 Let k(r) = -42*r**3 - 54*r**2 - 5*r - 5. Calculate the remainder when 1123 is divided by k(-2). 123 Suppose 0 = -2*u - p + 556, 3*p - 5*p = u - 278. Calculate the remainder when 904 is divided by u. 70 Calculate the remainder when 4*70236/(-120)*15/(-9) is divided by 64. 62 What is the remainder when (-277160)/(-1312) + (-3)/(-4) is divided by 59? 35 Suppose 27*q + 247 = 80*q - 40*q. Calculate the remainder when 1964 is divided by q. 7 Suppose -29*g + 250 = 18. Suppose -g*x - 21*x = -667. Suppose -6*k + 4*k = -82. Calculate the remainder when k is divided by xFOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE March 31, 2020 CONTACT: Hannah McKinnon, hannah [at] priceofoil.org Collin Rees, collin [at] priceofoil.org Oil Change International response to Keystone XL subsidy announcement from Alberta Today, the Government of Alberta announced that it would support TC Energy’s Keystone XL oil pipeline with a direct investment of more than USD 1 billion and a further USD 4.2 billion loan guarantee. In response, experts at Oil Change International released the following statements: Hannah McKinnon, Energy Transitions & Futures Director: “Never has there been a more critical moment to support health, workers, and communities. Instead, the Alberta Government is diverting limited and desperately needed public money to Big Oil in the latest misplaced attempt to revive the Keystone XL pipeline and prop up a sector that has no role in a more resilient, safer climate future. “The Keystone XL pipeline was a non-starter a decade ago and it remains one today. With trillions of dollars at play globally in relief and recovery, we have an unprecedented chance to invest in the future, not the past. Unfortunately, the Alberta Government is still refusing to see the writing on the wall, a failure that comes at a huge cost to Albertans in this crisis moment.” Collin Rees, Senior U.S. Campaigner: “This desperate attempt by Alberta’s Government to push through the failing Keystone XL pipeline during a global pandemic is beyond the pale. We need billions of public dollars invested directly in vulnerable communities dying from COVID-19, not spent propping up massive oil companies and unneeded projects that would trample Indigenous rights and exacerbate the climate crisis. “This huge giveaway of public money to fossil fuel executives coming just days after Jason Kenney’s government laid off more than 20,000 educational workers across Alberta says more about where his priorities lie than we ever could. The Indigenous communities, farmers, and ranchers along the Keystone XL route will continue to fiercely resist, and this pipeline will never be built.” ### Notes: This weekend, Premier Jason Kenney’s Alberta Government drastically cut educational funding across the province, laying off more than 20,000 Albertan workers: https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/funding-reduction-alberta-k-12-covid-1.5513803 Oil Change International response to recent Export Development Canada changes: http://priceofoil.org/2020/03/28/oil-change-international-response-to-export-development-canada-changes-in-the-emergency-response-act/ Report detailing more than CAD 10 billion in fossil fuel finance from Export Development Canada: http://priceofoil.org/2018/11/22/risking-it-all-export-development-canada/ Report detailing Canada’s billions in fossil fuel subsidies: http://priceofoil.org/2016/11/16/canadas-fossil-fuel-subsidies/This Wednesday, I attended a workshop at the University of Michigan Museum of Art on a painting by Benjamin West: During the workshop, I noted different strategies employed by the docents and speakers to “teach” us about the art and recorded strategies for using art – as well as general teaching strategies - in the English and/or Social Studies classroom: 1) If you’re using a painting to illustrate a historic event you’re studying or to give historic context to a work of literature you’re teaching, project the image of the artwork and give a mini-lecture on the history behind the work. Also show a map of the relevant region and talk discuss the region’s relationship with the rest of the world and relevant cultural information. 2) Structure lectures in a Q&A format. State the question and then answer it. 3) As an introduction to a historic events, show students a historic painting that illustrates the event and talk about the events that led up to the one depicted in the artwork. Instead of telling students the details of the event, have them make predictions about what’s going to happen based on the artwork and the info you’ve given them on the events leading up to the topic you’re studying. Then, teach the actual details of the event. Afterwards, have students compare what actually happened to their predictions. Also show the artwork again and have students identify what they’ve learned by pointing to particular things in the artwork. 4) To hook students’ interest before studying a particular work, project it alongside a quote that speaks to its legacy or makes a provocative statement about it. You can project the text of the quote or introduce a lecture by speaking the quote aloud. 5) The exhibit consisted of several artworks – portraits, maps, writings, etc – centered on a single topic: General Wolf. Also posted in the exhibit were large quotes printed on the wall. These could be quotes from soldiers’ diaries, quotes from historians, quotes from artists who depicted the subject, etc. I recommend giving students a “gallery” experience regarding a particular subject by presenting them with a variety of works, including quotes or literary passages, that all comment on a particular event. Students can then synthesize the information to develop a comprehensive understanding of the subject. They’ll notice patterns but also contradictions which will raise questions and drive their thinking deeper. 6) When looking at portraits, consider if they’re “vignettes” or more complex narratives. When I say vignette, I mean a portrait that captures a single, focused moment. There’s one thing going on that you’re meant to focus on. Other portraits have various things going on in the image simultaneously. PROJECT IDEA: If you’re having students create a self-portrait or portrait of a character to show their understanding of identity, motives, emotion, thoughts, and goals, consider having them integrate multiple images into a composite portrait. It’ll be interesting to deconstruct and then reconstruct t in a character analysis. 7) When studying the historic facts alongside an artwork that portrays the event, look for accuracies and inaccuracies between the history and the art-story. You could also teach vocabulary alongside this - things like contradiction, paradox, objective vs. subjective, portrayal, etc. 8) Look at multiple works that tell varying narratives about a particular event. You could study tone and consider why the artists portrayed the event differently. You can also talk about artists and artists in terms of reliability. How do we know what’s true? Can fiction make a true statement? How do we piece together contradictory information to draw the most accurate conclusion? 9) Why do authors/artists make changes, additions, and deletions to their characterization of something? 10) The intersection of portrait and idealization. Are realistic works like landscapes and portraits more than representations of something? In what ways are they “re-presentations”, or produced and constructed and skewed, representations of something? Why do this? 11) Historic paintings are often a combination of depicting anatomy, architecture, documenting the landscape, etc. 12) Instead of showing the artwork in its entirety, crop a few images out of it, showing them to students one-at-a-time. Have students analyze each image on its own and have them try to piece together what they think the larger image looks like and is about. Then,

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aqueous compartments, the aqueous boundary zones near a phospholipid membrane and the membranes including the boundary zones on both sides, respectively. Ratios *V* ~*Fa*,*c*~/*V* ~*all*~ and *V* ~*Fa*,*mem*~/*V* ~*all*~ indicate storage capacity of compartments and membranes, respectively, as normalized to summed volume of tissue and fluid compartments. Symbol *d* ~*Fa*~ indicates exponential decay distance constant for the *Fa* concentrations in the boundary zones near the membrane ([Eq 6](#pcbi.1004666.e009){ref-type="disp-formula"}). Letters A, B and C refer to the corresponding panels in [Fig 4](#pcbi.1004666.g004){ref-type="fig"}. The volume ratio *V* ~*Fa*,*c*~/*V* ~*all*~, as calculated with [Eq (13)](#pcbi.1004666.e017){ref-type="disp-formula"}, represents storage capacity of compartment *c* normalized to total volume of tissue and fluid. Because the equilibrium constant *K* ~*CpFa*~ is very low relative to the physiological \[*Cp*\], the ratio *V* ~*Fa*,*c*~/*V* ~*all*~ is generally much larger than 1, even if compartment volume is small. The storage capacity of a membrane is calculated as the product of membrane volume and *Fa* partition coefficient of membrane lipid relative to that of water. From [Table 3](#pcbi.1004666.t003){ref-type="table"} we concluded that by far most of the storage capacity is located in the capillary lumen and in the cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, storage capacity of the membranes cannot be neglected relative to that of the relatively small *ec* and *is*1 compartments. Discussion {#sec016} ========== We have developed a novel model to quantify *Fa* transfer through the coronary system, and their uptake into and transfer in the surrounding myocardial tissue, primarily based upon common physicochemical and physiological principles (Figs [1](#pcbi.1004666.g001){ref-type="fig"} and [2](#pcbi.1004666.g002){ref-type="fig"}). In this model *Fa*, bound to albumin, move from arteries into capillaries. Along the capillaries, part of the *Fa* is released from albumin, permeates the endothelial cell and pericapillary interstitial compartment, reaching the cardiomyocyte interior where *Fa* are metabolized. The remainder of the capillary *Fa* is transferred downstream to the venous effluent by convection. Although the applied physiological and physicochemical principles, forming the basis of our model, are classical, integration of these principles into a complete physiological model subsystem is novel. To the best of our knowledge, there is no cardiac model available, taking into account *Fa* transfer from capillary to cardiomyocyte crossing three membranes, while considering *Cp*-mediated diffusion of *Fa* in the aqueous cellular and extra-cellular compartments in between. A major breakthrough is the novel analytical solutions of mathematical equations describing how soluble carrier proteins *Cp* facilitate diffusion of *Fa* through the aqueous compartments and how *Fa* transfer is hampered by the rate-limiting process of *Fa* binding to and release from the *Cp* on both sides of the cellular phospholipid membranes. The model handles time dependency of *Fa* concentrations, allowing simulation of multiple tracer dilution experiments and, hence, comparison with the outcome of these experiments on the intact heart. Many of the parameters related to ultrastructural geometry, diffusion properties and *Fa* binding to *Cp* were obtained from earlier published findings. A sensitivity analysis is presented to get insight into the consequences of variations in the parameters used in the model. Also, the model outcome allows for comparison with multi-indicator dilution experiments. These unique features of the model facilitate studies on the complex process of *Fa* uptake by the heart. The set of differential equations that describes the transfer of *Fa* through a water-membrane interface, incorporating effects of binding dynamics between *Cp* and *Fa* in the aqueous boundary zone (Eqs [17](#pcbi.1004666.e021){ref-type="disp-formula"}--[23](#pcbi.1004666.e027){ref-type="disp-formula"}) has been reported before and was solved numerically \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref019]\]. Since so many parameters appear to be relevant and dependencies are non-linear, a convenient sensitivity analysis is hard to obtain numerically. Therefore, we used a comprehensive analytical solution (Eqs [6](#pcbi.1004666.e009){ref-type="disp-formula"}, [8](#pcbi.1004666.e011){ref-type="disp-formula"}, [23](#pcbi.1004666.e027){ref-type="disp-formula"} and [29](#pcbi.1004666.e035){ref-type="disp-formula"}) for these equations. For a sensitivity analysis, analytical solutions are preferred over numerical solutions, since dependencies on the various parameters are shown directly. In modeling capillary exchange with the tissue, we introduced the capillary unit as an extension of the Krogh cylinder \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref039]\]. The Krogh cylinder was modified by incorporating dispersion of capillary lengths and the exchange of *Fa* with adjacent capillary units. In the example of a hexagonal distribution of capillary cross-sections as shown in [Fig 2](#pcbi.1004666.g002){ref-type="fig"}, a cardiomyocyte is surrounded by three capillaries. In our model, axial diffusion has been ignored. The error involved in ignoring this diffusion is most likely small, because the average capillary transit time by convection is in the order of 10 s under physiological conditions of blood perfused hearts *in situ*. During that time, the diffusion front spreads by the square root of the product of convection time and the diffusion coefficient of albumin. Using the data presented in [Table 2](#pcbi.1004666.t002){ref-type="table"}, we find for this distance spread 30 μm, which is far less than the 800 μm, being the average capillary length in the heart \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref014]\]. Furthermore, it can be derived that the fractional contribution of axial diffusion relative to axial convection for arterio-venous transport in the capillaries equals the diffusion coefficient divided by the product of flow velocity and mean capillary length, which fraction is only 10^−3^. Note that in our experiments on isolated, saline perfused hearts the transit time is only about 2 s ([Fig 4](#pcbi.1004666.g004){ref-type="fig"}), implying that for that situation the effect of axial diffusion is even less. Consensus exists about the pivotal role of cytoplasmic *FABP* in transferring *Fa* from the inner phospholipid leaflet of the cardiac cell membrane to the main site of metabolic conversion in the cardiomyocyte, *i*.*e*., the mitochondrion. The absence of cytoplasmic *FABP* resulted in a substantial decline in *Fa* utilization in both intact hearts *in situ* \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref040]\] and isolated cardiomyocytes \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref041]\]. Moreover, the high concentration of *FABP* in the cardiomyocyte strongly suggests a role of *FABP* in carrier-mediated *Fa* diffusion \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref011]\]. Alternatively, conversion of *Fa* into acylCoA in or close to the cellular membrane, *i*.*e*., vectorial acylation \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref042], [@pcbi.1004666.ref043]\], may create a cytoplasmic sink for *Fa* and, hence, promote *Fa* uptake due to a steeper concentration drop across the cellular membrane. At present, there is no solid proof that this mechanism quantitatively plays a role in cardiac *Fa* uptake. Therefore, this membrane-protein catalyzed process is not included in our model. Often, cell membranes are considered to be the major hindrance for *Fa* transfer \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref007], [@pcbi.1004666.ref015], [@pcbi.1004666.ref016]\] within organs. Considering the membrane as a lipophilic material with a thickness of 5 nm, a partition coefficient of *C* ~*lipid*~ = 9∙10^5^ \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref008]\] and an estimated diffusion coefficient *D* ~*Fa*~ for free *Fa* similar to that in water (5∙10^-10^ m^2^s^-1^, \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref024]\]), membrane permeability *P* ~*mem*~ = *C* ~*lipid*~ *D* ~*Fa*~/*d* ~*mem*~ would be extremely high, *i*.*e*., 9∙10^4^ m s^-1^, as compared to the permeability data presented in [Table 3](#pcbi.1004666.t003){ref-type="table"}. Transfer of *Fa*, however, could be hindered by interactions of the lipophilic compounds with the head-groups of the phospholipid bilayer, limiting stable positioning of *Fa* either to the inside or to the outside of the membrane. While permeating the membrane, the *Fa* molecule is likely to be hindered considerably by the parallel organized phospholipids. Accordingly, the diffusion coefficient is diminished to 4∙10^−12^ m^2^s^-1^ \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref044]\], resulting in a membrane permeability of 700 m s^-1^, which is still very high relative to the permeability of the boundary layers on both sides of the membrane, as shown in [Table 3](#pcbi.1004666.t003){ref-type="table"}. In accordance with the insights reported by Hamilton \[[@pcbi.1004666.ref045]\], using known physicochemical principles, we found that the most

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be nice?" "Oh, I don't know. I always got the impression that he rubbed you the wrong way." Except for those hot kisses last night, he'd never rubbed her in any way. That was the problem. Funny how it had taken Camille years to figure that out. In the most innocent tone she could manage, she said, "I can't imagine where you got that idea." "Well, you practically laughed with glee when he and Renee divorced." "That's because she was horrible for him," Camille reasoned. "And Matthew should have realized she was a horrible fit for him." "Uh-huh. You mean like you should've seen how Graham was all wrong for you?" Maureen asked smugly. "Exactly," Camille retorted, then sighed as images of last night whirled through her mind. "Actually, Mom, I'm—enjoying Matthew. He's a lot different than the way I remembered." "Different? In what way?" Instead of a spindly young guy, who'd been totally unsure of himself, Matthew had turned into a sexy hunk of confident man, she thought. To her mother, she said, "Well, he was always sort of quiet. That hasn't changed much. But I'm learning he has a bit of a sense of humor and he's a good listener." Pausing, she chuckled. "Or he might just be letting me talk so he won't have to." Several seconds of silence passed and just when Camille was wondering what her mother was thinking, Maureen said, "I'm glad you're enjoying him, honey. I don't have to tell you how much Matthew means to the family. And he's—well, I'm not sure he's ever gotten over his difficult childhood." The things Matthew had told her about his family, or lack of one, were still haunting Camille, and she wondered how he'd grown up to be such a responsible man. If asked, he'd probably give all the credit to Joel, but that wouldn't be entirely right. He'd been a hardworking, trustworthy man when he'd first come to Three Rivers. Joel had simply nourished the goodness in him. Camille said, "Last night he mentioned having a sister. I wasn't aware that he had a sibling. I've never heard any of you mention her. Does he ever see her?" "Not often. The last time was right after you left for Red Bluff. Blake purchased a bull over in California and he sent Matthew to haul him home. The trip gave Matthew a chance to stop by Claire's place." "I see." Deciding she'd better change the subject before her mother started to think her interest in Matthew was a bit excessive, she said, "I guess you're going to have a Halloween party. Do all the kids have their costumes yet?" Maureen chuckled. "Abagail and Andrew are going to be cats with tails and whiskers. That's the most important thing, of course." "How cute," Camille said with a laugh. "What about Nick and Hannah? They probably think they're too old to party with the babies." "Not in the least. Nick and Hannah love being big bosses of their little siblings. And anyway, Viv has promised to take those two to a party on the res that's just for teens and tweens." Missing out on spending time with her nieces and nephews was the one regret Camille often had about making her home here on Red Bluff. On the other hand, it would be difficult living back on Three Rivers and her being the only Hollister sibling without a spouse or a child. It was hard enough to deal with living two hundred fifty miles away. Single and childless at the age of twenty-eight was not the way Camille had envisioned or hoped her life would be. But it had turned out that way and now she was determined not to lament the situation, but embrace her independence. As far as she was concerned that was far better than nursing a broken heart. "Have you seen Emily-Ann lately?" Camille asked. "No. But Katherine sees her regularly. She misses you. I know that much." Emily-Ann had been Camille's best friend since their days in grade school. She ran Conchita's, a tiny coffee shop in Wickenburg that served bakery treats and specialty coffees. "I miss her, too. I'm hoping she can come down for a visit soon." "Emily-Ann isn't exactly flush with money," Maureen pointed out. "I doubt she can afford to stay away from her job for more than a day or two." Camille's friend was dependable and hard working. She'd be great as a waitress for the diner. But in spite of the struggles and stigma she'd suffered through, Emily-Ann would never move away from Wickenburg. It was her home. "I'd make sure she wouldn't have to spend a dime, Mom." "I expected you to say that. So why don't you invite her down for Thanksgiving?" Maureen suggested. "You could take her to Tucson and do some Christmas shopping." "That's a nice idea." "Good. I—" Her mother's words were suddenly interrupted by the sound of distant voices. Camille asked, "Mom, do you need to get off the phone?" "Uh—yes, I'm afraid I do. Blake needs me for something. Love you. And be sure and take extra good care of Matthew." "Yes—I will. And I love you, too." Camille punched the phone to disconnect the call, then rose from the lounge chair. As she walked back to the house, her mother's words played over in her mind. _Take extra good care of Matthew._ What would Maureen think if she knew just how much Camille wanted to care for Matthew? Would she think her daughter was reaching for something she could never have? Last night, when he'd kissed her, she'd thought he was finally going to lower the barriers he'd erected between them. For those few brief moments he'd held nothing back and she'd met the reckless desperation of his lips with the same hungry need. She'd never wanted any man to make love to her as much as she'd wanted Matthew at that moment. But he'd pulled away and implied that their kisses had been a mistake. Could he be right? As Camille went to her bedroom and changed out of her church clothes, the question continued to circle through her thoughts. For the past two years she'd done a lot of growing, and now it was easy to see where and why she'd made the mistake in getting engaged to Graham. Yes, she'd learned her lesson. But what about now? What about Matthew? Oh Lord, never in her wildest dreams had she thought his time here at Red Bluff would mean anything more than having a visitor in the house. She'd honestly expected him to be sullen and curt and she'd planned to ignore him as best she could. How laughable was that? she asked herself as she pulled on jeans and a thin pink shirt. The moment she'd looked across the threshold at Matthew's tired face, something had smacked her right between the breasts. And try as she might, she couldn't get rid of the feeling. But he wasn't down here for romance, she reasoned with herself. Besides, he'd been divorced and single for nearly ten years. The man clearly had no desire to marry again. So what good would it do her to have a brief affair with him? No good. Matthew was right and she knew it. But for some reason her heart wasn't listening to reason. Chapter Five After searching the southernmost range of the ranch for the entire day, Matthew and the small crew of cowhands helping him came up with six of the missing ten steers. Although the men were disappointed that they'd not found the last four, Matthew was pleased with the effort. They could've just as easily ended up with zilch for the day. "When are we going to vaccinate and tag the new cattle, Matthew?" Pate asked, as he steered the double-seated work truck coupled to a long stock trailer over the rough ground. Slumped in the passenger seat, Matthew was attempting to grab a bit of shut-eye during the drive back to the ranch yard, but with Pate hitting every rock in the old roadbed, his head was banging around like a punching bag. Biting back a tired groan, he straightened on the worn leather seat and gazed out the window at the desert hills covered with purple twilight. Red Bluff was an enchanting place and not just because Camille was here, he decided. There were parts of the ranch that were incredibly green to be located in such a desert area. Then there were other parts that were full of high rocky bluffs and hundreds of tall saguaros with their arms reaching toward the wide, endless sky. He wondered how much, if any, of this land Camille ever seen. Did any of it truly matter to her? Or did she only care about the house and having her privacy? Last night, when she'd talked about trying to help out with the ranching chores at Three Rivers, he'd gotten the impression that she'd wanted to be as much of a cowgirl as her mother and sister, but she lacked the confidence to

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point contacts prevents clutch slippage (breaking), leading to increased protrusion and growth cone translocation. Stage 3b (high stiffness). Little displacement of the ECM occurs on rigid substrata. Subsequently, most force of RF is transferred to F~adhesion~ at point contacts during clutching. The increased force on adhesions results in breaking or disassembly of point contacts via molecular stretching or activation of cellular signals. Fewer and short lived point contacts on rigid ECM disrupts clutching forces necessary for membrane protrusion and rapid outgrowth.](fncel-09-00244-g0003){#F3} Mechanically Sensitive Proteins within Neuronal Growth Cones {#s3} ============================================================ For cells to sense the mechanical properties of their environment they must express proteins that change their conformation in response to mechanical force or tension. Depending on the type of mechanosensitive (MS) protein, conformational changes may lead to modulation of enzymatic activity, accessibility of binding sites for protein-protein interactions, or regulation of ion channel gating. One site where cell mechanosensors are likely concentrated is at integrin receptor-adhesion protein complexes, which function at the interface between the cytoskeleton and ECM (Figure [4](#F4){ref-type="fig"}). Adhesion complexes are spatially and temporally regulated by mechanical strain and substrate elasticity (Pelham and Wang, [@B83]; Schedin and Keely, [@B92]), suggesting they provide homeostatic feedback, termed tensional homeostasis. In this section we will discuss several recent reports that demonstrate that individual adhesion proteins and MS ion channels can respond to mechanical forces (Table [1](#T1){ref-type="table"}). ![**Mechanotranduction within growth cone filopodia involves adhesion and Ca^2+^ signaling**. (1) Formation of point contact adhesions are initiated by talin-dependent inside-out activation of integrin receptors. (2) Point contact adhesions form when integrins bind to the ECM and intracellular proteins, such as FAK and paxillin, are recruited to signal and link integrins to the actin cytoskeleton. MS proteins, such as FAK, Talin, and CAS (not shown), are activated during substratum rigidity sensing and signaling for adhesion maturation. (3) Additional proteins are recruited during adhesion maturation, such as vinculin and the actin nucleator Arp2/3. Therefore, mature adhesions act as a signaling nexus for new actin filament polymerization off existing filaments, leading to veil protrusion. (4) Adhesion assembly and maturation can be disrupted when Ca^2+^ flows through MS channels (MSC). Ca^2+^ ions directly activate the protease calpain that targets specific adhesion proteins to inhibit or modulate their function (Kerstein et al., [@B56]).](fncel-09-00244-g0004){#F4} ###### **Mechanosensitive (MS) proteins in growth cones**. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Gene name Mechanical activation Downstream signaling Growth cone mechanism Key references (Bold---Mechano. *Italics---Growth cone*) ----------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------------------------------- **Adhesion proteins** FAK Increased kinase activity • Tyrosine phosphorylation\ • Required for attractive axon turning\ *Robles and Gomez ([@B87])*\ • Regulation of adhesiondynamics • Promotes axon outgrowth *Myers et al. ([@B80])*\ ***Moore et al. ([@B78])*** RPTP-α Increased phosphataseactivity • Fyn recruitment to integrins\ • Phosphatase activityinhibits axon outgrowth. ***Kostic et al. ([@B61])*** • p130Cas phosphorylation p130Cas Increased availability of tyrosine residues • Phosphorylated by Src and Abl kinases • Required for *in vivo* and *in vitro* axon pathfinding and dendritic patterning. **Sawada et al. ([@B91])**\ *Huang et al., [@B48]*\ *Riccomagno et al. ([@B178])* Talin Increased availability of vinculin binding sites • Vinculin binding\ • Required for filopodia and growth cone motility. **del Rio et al. ([@B18])**\ • Reinforcement of integrin -actin linkages **Margadant et al. ([@B159])**\ ***Kerstein et al. ([@B56])***\ *Sydor et al. ([@B100])* Filamin Increased availability of protein binding sites. • Recruitment of Rho, ROCK, PAK, and PKC to actin cytoskeleton and adhesions. • Required for *in vivo* axon pathfinding. **Furuike et al. ([@B29])**\ **Razinia et al. ([@B177])**\ *Zheng et al. ([@B125])*\ *Nakamura et al. ([@B171])* **Ion channels** TRPC1 Channel opening (membrane-stretch/integrin transduction) • Ca^2+^ influx\ • Inhibition of axonoutgrowth\ **Maroto et al. ([@B160])**\ • Activation of calpain\ • Required for attractive/repulsive axon turning *Wang and Poo ([@B188])*\ • Activation of calcineurin *Shim et al. ([@B94])*\ *Wen et al. ([@B190])*\ ***Kerstein et al. ([@B56])*** TRPC5 Channel opening (membrane-stretch) • Ca^2+^ influx • Inhibits axon outgrowth *Greka et al. ([@B40])*\ **Gomis et al. ([@B38])** TRPC6 Channel opening (membrane-stretch) • Ca^2+^ influx • Promotes axon outgrowth\ *Li et al. ([@B69])*\ • Attractive axon turning **Spassova et al. ([@B96])** TRPM7 Channel opening (membrane-stretch/shear stress) • Ca^2+^ influx\ • Inhibits axon outgrowth **Oancea et al. ([@B82])**\ • Kinase activity(?) **Wei et al. ([@B189])**\ *Turlova et al. ([@B105])* TRPV2 Channel opening (membrane stretch) • Ca^2+^ influx • Promotes axon outgrowth ***Shibasaki et al. ([@B93])*** TRPV4 Channel opening (membrane-stretch/integrin transduction) • Ca^2+^ influx\ • Inhibits of axon outgrowth **Matthews et al. ([@B162])**\ • Activation of calpain (suggested) *Goswami et al. ([@B145])*\ ***Kerstein et al. ([@B56])*** Piezo2 Channel opening (membrane-stretch) • Ca^2+^ influx • Unknown ***Coste et al. ([@B17])*** ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Several enzymes within adhesion complexes appear to be MS. For example, mechanical forces applied to cells change both the localization and activity of FAK, a key non-receptor tyrosine kinase. Importantly, FAK signaling is necessary for cell behavioral responses to locally applied forces and changes in substratum rigidity (Wang et al., [@B113]). In growth cones, FAK is essential for point contact adhesion dynamics (assembly/disassembly) and axon guidance (Robles and Gomez, [@B87]; Woo et al., [@B119]; Myers and Gomez, [@B79]) and it is likely that mechanical properties of the environment influence FAK function. For example, FAK activation through deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) requires both the immobilization of Netrin and acto-myosin contractility, suggesting that the kinase activity of FAK is mechanically dependent. Furthermore, inhibition of FAK during Netrin stimulation disrupts recruitment of adhesion complexes and traction force generation in growth cones (Moore et al., [@B78]). A second enzyme

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15, 10709, 266, 3737, 11, 285, 875, 253, 475, 45, 15, 13131, 360, 2992, 475, 45, 15, 1053, 729, 6451, 2992, 285, 475, 45, 15, 448, 356, 9720, 11, 14470, 13, 2975, 15, 5488, 13, 642, 1941, 323, 15583, 32275, 5576, 2605, 285, 749, 18317, 369, 8943, 1561, 253, 23165, 5202, 15, 187, 187, 7475, 1999, 9991, 285, 18825, 2892, 187, 38944, 187, 187, 510, 3425, 1783, 273, 337, 13, 18146, 20633, 10087, 273, 253, 34463, 1967, 3320, 2190, 5540, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 5189, 1249, 45178, 4375, 313, 26, 34791, 790, 285, 1249, 13328, 5632, 27096, 4375, 10, 2190, 6430, 2470, 3235, 374, 1084, 85, 19, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 2420, 2536, 37003, 9991, 8197, 273, 495, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 3417, 403, 17903, 275, 544, 3235, 374, 1084, 85, 19, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 2420, 7129, 496, 2264, 13, 721, 42510, 497, 3636, 13, 495, 275, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 2992, 374, 275, 475, 45, 15, 14404, 3737, 2992, 285, 337, 275, 475, 45, 15, 13131, 360, 4556, 10664, 446, 5174, 9991, 313, 73, 10, 369, 12319, 432, 470, 15, 3357, 3069, 17, 15, 15220, 323, 475, 45, 15, 14404, 3737, 11, 281, 470, 323, 475, 45, 15, 13131, 360, 4556, 35345, 12281, 9991, 369, 12319, 432, 470, 15, 42198, 3069, 17, 15, 1012, 323, 475, 45, 15, 14404, 3737, 11, 281, 470, 323, 475, 45, 15, 13131, 360, 4556, 44889, 83, 1319, 5216, 3559, 1027, 1543, 13, 1690, 1534, 285, 4016, 47858, 8032, 434, 399, 285, 1327, 14, 32258, 23257, 434, 401, 84, 2193, 323, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 2992, 285, 1327, 14, 32258, 285, 2762, 47858, 8032, 434, 399, 285, 23257, 434, 401, 84, 2193, 323, 475, 45, 15, 14404, 3737, 4556, 10022, 13, 841, 1543, 2530, 1329, 323, 33944, 253, 9079, 273, 3072, 3116, 275, 1016, 3417, 15, 187, 187, 38535, 187, 6428, 187, 187, 1992, 3522, 13, 954, 273, 253, 2175, 13, 12262, 253, 34463, 1967, 3320, 3425, 275, 7751, 13, 452, 6107, 760, 1355, 25231, 3672, 13, 342, 3710, 1180, 273, 3530, 1254, 67, 1423, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 2947, 67, 1348, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 1656, 496, 253, 1246, 1263, 13, 970, 1097, 8477, 14, 51, 4639, 49, 285, 3425, 1783, 3082, 13, 359, 452, 6508, 2045, 7313, 407, 18918, 253, 34463, 1967, 3320, 3425, 275, 247, 4067, 11077, 11253, 273, 3530, 432, 2761, 512, 16475, 2439, 253, 2586, 15, 187, 187, 49471, 595, 13, 5540, 1966, 285, 5893, 2219, 13, 1690, 3435, 8951, 13, 608, 26387, 13, 285, 577, 39376, 497, 6730, 15, 11683, 273, 8477, 14, 51, 4639, 49, 1332, 327, 34463, 1967, 3320, 4518, 3559, 495, 1027, 16991, 30325, 6127, 13, 1016, 20651, 281, 337, 273, 253, 495, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 3417, 275, 7751, 15, 4325, 3435, 4466, 14, 10247, 3530, 5480, 432, 8951, 2219, 13, 1458, 313, 2417, 15, 22, 2673, 497, 9813, 342, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 11, 285, 1249, 313, 2031, 15, 22, 2673, 342, 475, 45, 15, 14404, 3737, 4556, 1876, 608, 33110, 13751, 497, 9813, 342, 475, 45, 15, 13131, 360, 2992, 285, 512, 577, 39376, 497, 9813, 342, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 4556, 2053, 1543, 403, 275, 4345, 342, 253, 1543, 432, 253, 2045, 1263, 327, 7751, 2458, 407, 388, 1432, 12987, 266, 1162, 355, 15, 1254, 67, 1508, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 1656, 496, 616, 1263, 13, 432, 11633, 4466, 14, 10247, 3530, 5480, 432, 8951, 2219, 13, 6879, 313, 2251, 2673, 497, 9813, 342, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 11, 285, 5345, 313, 1610, 2673, 342, 475, 45, 15, 14404, 3737, 25350, 432, 2030, 39376, 13, 3127, 497, 9813, 342, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 25350, 285, 432, 3349, 4466, 14, 10247, 3530, 5480, 432, 26387, 2219, 13, 3436, 497, 9813, 342, 475, 45, 15, 13131, 360, 4556, 187, 187, 7475, 316, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 310, 10665, 323, 247, 1781, 1180, 273, 2529, 3417, 15, 1583, 452, 644, 2529, 347, 5799, 3417, 7194, 2556, 281, 7534, 13, 3382, 13, 25231, 13, 40469, 13, 31634, 13, 285, 19183, 6341, 1254, 67, 22, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 1656, 11474, 7418, 5787, 5609, 285, 9588, 452, 644, 4081, 323, 30426, 253, 2891, 13646, 273, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 1254, 67, 1012, 14, 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1254, 67, 22, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 1656, 10330, 273, 2067, 3882, 6430, 347, 8571, 1309, 253, 2469, 374, 8007, 1254, 67, 1012, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 7254, 67, 938, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 1184, 452, 644, 5185, 275, 326, 1016, 273, 253, 374, 749, 1541, 3525, 4447, 247, 5799, 1114, 7868, 1059, 280, 37623, 285, 326, 247, 3676, 23165, 8037, 1561, 475, 45, 5929, 2796, 4015, 763, 32009, 5627, 9070, 3417, 273, 253, 8937, 285, 1457, 3645, 15, 5488, 13, 275, 512, 273, 841, 2175, 13, 475, 45, 5929, 2796, 55, 757, 15298, 5627, 369, 8642, 281, 253, 5230, 13, 1223, 475, 45, 5929, 2796, 4015, 763, 32009, 5627, 4447, 253, 16834, 273, 253, 7139, 13, 271, 14011, 273, 1457, 3645, 6510, 273, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 1254, 67, 22, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 2947, 67, 23, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 1656, 187, 187, 2641, 1190, 15716, 1783, 273, 253, 15443, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 1754, 327, 253, 34463, 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1543, 13, 690, 4477, 14285, 323, 3585, 2182, 253, 2891, 13646, 273, 253, 15443, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 1254, 67, 23, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 2947, 67, 1671, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 1656, 187, 187, 688, 776, 1263, 13, 2898, 273, 8477, 14, 51, 4639, 49, 1332, 327, 34463, 1967, 3320, 4518, 3559, 495, 1027, 16991, 30325, 6127, 13, 1016, 20651, 281, 337, 273, 253, 495, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 3417, 275, 7751, 15, 1723, 13, 8477, 14, 51, 4639, 49, 1332, 369, 417, 2104, 281, 2736, 667, 4996, 284, 29765, 10575, 15, 380, 6733, 273, 436, 1332, 323, 8137, 273, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 3417, 556, 2168, 644, 5183, 407, 690, 4477, 1254, 67, 1797, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 2947, 67, 1508, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 2947, 67, 1348, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 2947, 67, 1812, 14, 76, 23731, 14, 2417, 14, 21, 14, 25140, 1656, 1623, 253, 643, 1133, 13, 1783, 273, 34463, 1967, 3882, 6430, 273, 475, 4015, 763, 32009, 11, 14470, 369, 625, 27096, 15, 9937, 253, 1698, 2308, 273, 6380, 9991, 2190, 20533, 14470, 13, 3425, 1783, 369, 2104, 281, 4271, 721, 42510, 13, 495, 20651, 281, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 2992, 374, 20651, 281, 475, 45, 15, 14404, 3737, 2992, 285, 337, 40603, 20651, 281, 475, 45, 15, 13131, 360, 4556, 15092, 475, 45, 5929, 2796, 4015, 763, 32009, 17931, 20533, 34835, 13, 1690, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 13, 418, 15, 14404, 3737, 2992, 285, 475, 45, 15, 13131, 360, 2992, 497, 5939, 2190, 495, 3417, 12872, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 13, 418, 15, 14404, 3737, 2992, 285, 475, 45, 15, 1053, 729, 6451, 4556, 1723, 13, 1561, 1097, 475, 45, 15, 2201, 11, 285, 475, 45, 15, 1053, 729, 6451, 11, 12872, 13, 253, 34463, 1967, 38970, 90, 812, 417, 921, 2590, 11081, 875, 3786, 2529, 3417, 15, 34463, 1967, 310, 762, 41427, 13687, 3473, 323, 14144, 273, 1159, 1580, 39882, 35225, 313, 23, 15, 20, 2673, 403, 25973, 689, 1327, 14, 14107, 10598, 313, 18, 15, 26, 2673, 1254, 67, 938, 14, 76, 23731 ]

RFLP analysis. Banding patterns were created with accordance to the expected profiles that were theoretically obtained from restriction map. The results of HSP70 PCR-RFLP presented 3 different electrophoretic patterns ([Fig. 2](#f2-kjp-55-4-367){ref-type="fig"}), each identical to that of 1 of the 3 *Leishmania* species endemic in Iran, *L. tropica* (35%), *L. major* (50%), and *L. infantum* (15%). No intraspecific variation within the isolates of each species was observed. Phylogenetic analyses --------------------- The best-fit models of nucleotide substitution, GTR+I+G, was applied to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among all HSP70 sequences based on ML and NJ methods. The ML analysis ([Fig. 3](#f3-kjp-55-4-367){ref-type="fig"}) grouped all the HSP70 sequences into 2 major clades, *L.* (*Leishmania*) clade comprising all Old World species and *L. mexicana* complex from the New World, and *L.* (*Viannia*) consisting of only New World species. The NJ tree (not shown) had similar subdivision. Phylogenetic analysis of the Iranian HSP70 gene sequences yielded a phylogenetic grouping in complete conformity with the primary PCR-RFLP identification. Iranian lineages, including *L. major, L. tropica*, and *L. infantum* were distributed among 3 complexes *L. major, L. tropica*, and *L. donovani*. However, within the *L. major* and *L. donovani* complexes, the HSP70 phylogeny was not able to distinguish clearly between the *L. major* and *L. turanica* and between the *L. infantum*, *L. donovani*, and *L. chagasi* isolates, respectively. Furthermore, no evidence for phylogeographic structure and substructure was evident within the phylogenetic tree. Genetic diversity and demographic history ----------------------------------------- The sequence analysis of 1,167 bp fragment of the HSP70 gene among 36 *Leishmania* detected 12 polymorphic sites (9 singletons and 12 parsimony informative sites) among sequences ([Table 2](#t2-kjp-55-4-367){ref-type="table"}). Genetic diversity estimates of 3 *Leishmania* species are summarized in [Table 2](#t2-kjp-55-4-367){ref-type="table"}. In total, 6 haplotypes were identified, 3 in *L. major*, 2 in *L. tropica*, and 1 in *L. infantum*. Haplotype diversity (h) was ranging from 0.53±0.136 for *L. tropica* to 0 for *L. infantum*. Nucleotide diversity was ranging from 0.436±0.13 for *L. tropica* to 0 for *L. infantum*. Neutrality tests presented different results, including significant and negative Tajima's D and non-significant Fu's Fs values for *L. major*, and non-significant and positive Tajima's D and Fu's Fs values for *L. tropica*. Accordingly, these results provided support for rejecting the hypothesis of population growth in each species. DISCUSSION ========== To date, most of the studies, targeting the HSP70 gene sequence in Iran, have covered only small geographical areas, with limited number of samples \[[@b22-kjp-55-4-367],[@b24-kjp-55-4-367]\]. In the present study, using both PCR-RFLP and sequence analysis methods, we have extended previous observations by analyzing the HSP70 gene sequence in a larger cohort consisting of samples from almost all districts across the country. Totally, 36 human and animal cases, including 27 CL, 5 VL, and 4 rodents were examined. Application of PCR-RFLP method on HSP70 gene clearly presented 3 different electrophoretic patterns, each belonged to 1 of the 3 *Leishmania* species in Iran. From 27 culture-positive samples prepared from CL cases, 15 (55.5%) were infected with *L. major* and 12 (44.5%) with *L. tropica*. All 5 canine specimens were infected with *L. infantum*, and all 4 rodents were infected with *L. major*. These results are in agreement with the results from the previous study on Iranians by Hajjaran et al. \[[@b23-kjp-55-4-367]\]. In their study, from 112 culture-positive samples prepared from CL cases, 75 (67%) were infected with *L. major* and 37 (33%) with *L. tropica*; from 25 rodents, 21 were infected with *L. major*; and from 28 culture-positive samples prepared from VL cases, 26 were infected with *L. infantum*. Genus *Leishmania* is considerable for a large number of described species. They have been described as distinct species mainly according to biological, clinical, geographical, immunological, epidemiological, and biochemical measurements \[[@b5-kjp-55-4-367]\]. Though numerous molecular techniques and markers have been proposed for resolving the taxonomy of *Leishmania* \[[@b13-kjp-55-4-367]--[@b20-kjp-55-4-367]\], describing a *Leishmania* species or embracing all of the described taxa is still not straightforward. The MLEE method have been considered as the reference technique by many authors \[[@b6-kjp-55-4-367]\]. Application of this technique resulted in the present *Leishmania* classification system, comprising 17 described species \[[@b8-kjp-55-4-367],[@b32-kjp-55-4-367]--[@b34-kjp-55-4-367]\]. Based on this classification, the genus *Leishmania* consists of the 2 subgenera, *L.* (*Leishmania*) comprising all Old World species and *L. mexicana* complex from the New World, and *L.* (*Viannia*) consisting of only New World species \[[@b5-kjp-55-4-367]\]. Analysis of several DNA sequences as targets during the past 2 decades \[[@b13-kjp-55-4-367]--[@b20-kjp-55-4-367]\] have been consistent in that each of the 2 subgenera formed a distinct monophyletic clade and that a deep phylogenetic gap within *L.* (*Leishmania*) separated species of the Old and New World. Furthermore, in all of these studies, *L.* (*Viannia*) was closest to the root, while *L.* (*Leishmania*) formed the crown of the trees, an indication of New World origin of *Leishmania* \[[@b5-kjp-55-4-367],[@b6-kjp-55-4-367]\]. Phylogenetic analysis of the genus *Leishmania* based on the HSP70 gene sequence by Fraga et al. \[[@b20-kjp-55-4-367]\] which also supported the above grouping, has included by far the largest number of species. Interestingly, only 8 monophyletic clades were deciphered in their phylogenetic trees and networks, 4 in *L.* (*Leishmania*) and 4 in *L.* (*Viannia*). Accordingly, the authors concluded that the HSP70 phylogeny supports only 8 species, namely, *L. donovani*, *L. major, L. tropica*, *L. mexicana* within *L.* (*Leishmania*) and *L. lainsoni, L. guyanensis, L. naiffi* and *L. braziliensis* within *L.* (*Viannia*), and that the concept of species complexes should be abandoned. Subsequently, inspired by these results, some authors voted for revising the taxonomy of the genus *Leishmania* \[[@b6-kjp-55-4-367],[@b35-kjp-55-4-367]\]. In our study, application of PCR-RFLP method on HSP70 gene clearly presented 3 different electrophoretic patterns, each belonged to 1 of the 3 *Leishmania* species in Iran. However, PCR-RFLP method was not able to detect any intraspecific variations. The efficiency of this method for identification of *Leishmania* species has already been demonstrated by some authors \[[@b21-kjp-55-4-367],[@b23-kjp-55-4-367],[@b24-kjp-55-4-367],[@b36-kjp-55-4-367]\]. On the other hand, analysis of HSP70 DNA sequences of *Leishmania* isolates was more informative. Despite the low levels of genetic diversity among Iranian isolates, sequence analysis was able to identify 6 haplotypes, 3 belonged to *L. major*, 2 belonged to *L. tropica*, and 1 haplotype belonged to *L. infantum*. Within *L.* (*Leishmania*), Iranian lineages, including *L. major, L. tropica*, and *L. infantum*, were distributed among 3 species complexes *L. major, L. tropica*, and *L. donovani*. However, within both *L. major* and *L. donovani* complexes, the HSP70 phylogeny could not show clear discrimination between previously described species. HSP70 is under stabilizing selective pressure for conservation of function since synonymous substitutions (6.3%) are favored over non-synonymous (1.9%) \[[@b20-kjp

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osphorus. The Greek communities lived along the seacoast in Kum Kapı, Samatya, and Fener. The headquarters of the Greek Orthodox patriarchate had been located in Fener since 1601. Members of the Greek Phanariot community carried out trade on the Black Sea, supplied dragomans (translators) to the Porte, and were appointed as princes of Moldavia and Wallachia. The Jewish community lived mainly in Balat and Ayvan Sarayı along the left bank of the Golden Horn in the eighteenth century (see chapter 2). The Armenians and the gypsies lived by the western wall in Sulu Kule and Samatya. The headquarters of the Armenian patriarchate was in Samatya. The Greek Orthodox and Armenian patriarchs were appointed by the sultan with extensive rights to administer the religious, legal, and cultural affairs of the Greek Orthodox and Armenian communities throughout the empire. The district of Istanbul contained the Topkapı Palace, the Hippodrome, the Friday mosque of Aya Sophia, and the Grand Bazaar. The Topkapı Palace complex, the private residence of the Ottoman dynasty and the center of government, stands on the first hill at the eastern tip (Saray Burnu) of the peninsula. Mehmed II built the palace over parts of the Great Byzantine Palace and the Acropolis in 1479. Enclosed by walls and divided into four courts, the Topkapı Palace contained public buildings where government business was conducted. The Topkapı Palace housed more than 6,000 people, of whom 500 were women, in the late eighteenth century, according to some accounts. The first court of the Topkapı Palace, also called the janissaries' court, contained military installations, the armory, the mint, and the Executioner's Fountain, where the executioner washed his hands after beheading high officials. The second court contained the Imperial Council, which functioned as a cabinet and a higher court of appeals (see chapter 8); the Inner Treasury; the Public Records Office; the grand vizier's office; and the palace kitchens (ten spacious rooms) that served food for several thousand people daily in addition to the poor. The executioner's room with a small prison was at the gate of the second court. The third court contained the Throne Room, where the sultan received officials, petitioners, and foreign ambassadors; the Pavilion of Holy Mantle, where the relics of Prophet Muhammad were preserved; the Privy Chamber; the Campaign Chamber; the Treasury Chamber; the palace school, the mosque of the janissary agha (head of the janissaries), and the library of Ahmed III. The imperial harem, the tulip garden of Ahmed III, and kiosks were located in the fourth court, the center of the private life of the sultan and his family, which overlooked the Sea of Marmara. The imperial harem was a vast building that occupied parts of the second and third courts and had more than three hundred rooms that housed several hundred female members of the dynasty, Ottoman princes, and their large staff headed by the chief black eunuch. The Topkapı Palace was used as the royal winter residence in the eighteenth century. Sultan Ahmed III commissioned a public fountain across the outer (Bab-i 'Ali) gate of the Topkapı Palace, added a library to the palace, and restored several buildings such as the Imperial Hall, the dining rooms (the fruit room), and the petition chamber. Persian decorative floral patterns and the French rococo style marked the new additions to the palace made by Ahmed III, Abdulhamid I, and Selim III in the eighteenth century. Adjacent to the Topkapı Palace was the Friday mosque of Aya Sophia and the former Byzantine Hippodrome. The Hippodrome was the ancient ceremonial center and the public square. Built by Emperor Setemius Severus in 1203, it was later extended and remodeled by Emperor Constantine the Great. It contained obelisks and columns, three of which still stand today; the Ibrahim Pasha Palace (grand vizier of Sultan Süleyman); and the mosque of Sultan Ahmed I (the Blue Mosque). Due to its function as a ceremonial center and location, many riots began in the Hippodrome in ancient (532 A.D.) and Ottoman times (see chapter 3). Under the Ottomans, it was renamed At Meydanı and continued to function as the ceremonial center. Processions, military drills, and public festivals celebrating the birth and circumcision of Ottoman princes and the birth and wedding of princesses took place in the Hippodrome. The janissary barracks (old and new rooms) and the Et Meydanı (meat square), where janissaries received their meat ration, were located on Divan Yolu and near the Hippodrome. The rebels used the Hippodrome as their base in 1703 and 1730 (see chapter 3). The commercial hub of the city was located very close to the Hippodrome and the Topkapı Palace. The Divan Yolu ( _via ignatia_ ) branched out in several directions from the Hippodrome and connected the area to the mercantile center of the city, the Grand Bazaar and its surrounding residential and commercial districts on the one side as well as the Egyptian Market and the port (Eminönü area) on the other side on the Golden Horn. Most of the 3,667 shops, numerous _hans_ (guest houses) and caravanserais, mosques, _medreses_ (Islamic seminaries), hospitals, and hospices were part of the Fatih, Bayezit, Süleymaniye, and Turhan sultan imperial pious and charitable ( _vakf_ ) foundations that were built during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries in this district. In addition, the shipment, provisioning, and distribution of foodstuff and raw materials took place in the port area on the Golden Horn, where ships from all over the empire and the Mediterranean ports anchored. The Un Kapanı (flour depot) and Yemiş iskelesı (fruit scale) distributed flour to bakers at government-set prices and fruits citywide. In the marketplace various religious communities mingled together, carried out business, and belonged to the same guilds. As would be expected, this area also became a center of crime due to its commercial wealth and social diversity. The district of Istanbul was under stricter government control than the rest of city because the Topkapı Palace, the main residence of the sultan and his family, was located here. The administration of the city was under numerous officials: the grand vizier and his retinue of janissaries, the chief kadi (Islamic judge) of Istanbul, the chief inspector of markets, the chief of night police, the chief of day police, the _agha_ (commander) of janissaries in Istanbul, and the head of the palace guards (see chapter 7). #### THE EUROPEAN HUB: _GALATA_ Galata and Pera, on the opposite side of the Golden Horn from the district of Istanbul, were the hub of Western European trade and the center of diplomacy, finance, entertainment, and European residence in the early modern period. The walled town of Galata was a former Genoese colony, part of the Italian trading settlement on the Black Sea during Byzantine times. Galata had gained full autonomy because of its alliance with the Byzantine Empire against Venice during the restoration of Byzantine rule in 1261. It also had lent financial and military support to Byzantine forces during the Ottoman siege of March–April 1453. Some merchants had collaborated with the Ottoman army and handed the keys of the city to Mehmed II two days after the fall of Constantinople. Because of its timely surrender, Galata survived as a distinct city within a city under the Ottomans. The Ottoman sultan had rewarded the colony by granting capitulations to Genoa and partial autonomy to the town. The treaty provided the Genoese colony with religious and commercial freedom, security, and protection of property as well as exemption from extraordinary taxes, forced labor, and residents' service in the army. The colony also received the right to elect freely a person to represent its interests before the sultan. In return, the residents had to agree not to build new churches or ring their bells too loudly. These privileges were later granted to other Italian city-states and western European nations in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Mehmed II divided the community in Galata into two groups, the non-Muslim Ottoman subjects who paid the poll tax and the subjects of Genoa who resided temporarily in Galata for commerce. The first group of non-Muslim subjects ( _zimmis_ ) included Greeks, Jews, Armenians, and some Genoese. The second group, defined as protected non-Ottoman merchants, received the freedom to trade in return for payment of customs dues. Both groups enjoyed distinct legal and religious autonomy. To establish Ottoman control over Galata, Mehmed II razed some of the land walls and kept the sea wall intact. However, the walls were restored by his son Sultan Bayezid II (1481–1512). The Galata tower (100 feet high and 50 feet in diameter) functioned as a fire-watch facility, a prison for indebted merchants and slaves, and a storage place. Galata was divided into three wards separated by inner walls that still stood in the seventeenth century. Its sea walls and inner walls had eleven outer gates and six inner gates opening into different neighborhoods. Galata inside the walls was a densely populated subdistrict with 200,000 non-Muslim and 64

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]; Liu *et al*., [@b66]), especially due to the destruction of habitats. Habitat heterogeneity and the intense productivity of such habitats, due to the higher availability of nutrients, could be possible explanations for peaks of species richness in suburban areas (McKinney, [@b71]). This also raises the issues of SAR dependence on scale, with consequences for LCA as characterization factors cannot be easily aggregated or disaggregated and applied to different scales. Other negative biodiversity impacts may also be observed, depending on the location of a disturbance or a forcing event. Bell ([@b10]), suggested that tropical rain forest birds tend to have more difficulty adapting to urban areas than do birds from other natural areas, such as temperate forests. de Baan *et al*. ([@b7]) devised an LCIA method using regionalized predictions of species recovery times from Curran *et al*. ([@b23]). This method broadly considers differentiated species responses. However, it should be noted that birds are a peculiar taxon due to their particularly large range of activity, and so it is unclear if the small marginal changes studied in LCA have a significant individual effect on bird species. The issue of how to reconcile scale in a method that addresses the marginal impacts of single-product production is thus far unresolved. Surrogate species: is there a unique choice for global assessments? ------------------------------------------------------------------- This discussion brings us to the species chosen as proxy or surrogate for the impact assessments, i.e. individual species used to represent the species richness of an area, or to predict the behavior of the entire environment when facing specific pressures. Such surrogate species are especially needed when detailed data, such as species distribution, are not sufficiently available (Lambeck, [@b64]; Hortal *et al*., [@b48]; Murphy *et al*., [@b77]). In conservation biology and environmental planning, biodiversity measures are essential to predict the status and changes of ecosystems. One of the biodiversity measurement options available is to use beta (*β*) diversity of surrogate species (Mazaris *et al*., [@b70]). According to Whittaker ([@b107]), alpha diversity is the species diversity of a community or habitat, beta diversity is the diversity between (neighboring) communities, and gamma diversity is the one diversity of a region (at a larger scale). Surrogacy can be of three types: cross-taxon, for which the species richness of one taxon is used to infer conclusions in other taxa; within-taxon, where a higher hierarchy ranking, i.e. genera, is used as surrogate; and environmental, for which parameters such as temperature are applied (Magurran, [@b68]). In LCIA, cross-taxon surrogacy is commonly used. Surrogacy is also used to indicate the anthropogenic influence on biodiversity, focusing on conservation, monitoring, and management actions, and in a political context, to direct attention to specific environmental aspects (Caro & O\'Doherty, [@b15]). Surrogate species are generally used due to the impossibility of measuring the overall biodiversity in a certain area, given the difficulty of collecting sufficient relevant data (Groves *et al*., [@b44]; Margules *et al*., [@b69]). Despite the apparent usefulness of surrogate species in impact assessment, no consensus exists on the use and consequences of the specific species chosen (Favreau *et al*., [@b38]). Some authors contend that the use of a surrogate, without verifying effective environmental responses, might compromise the effectiveness of the conservation aims (Andelman & Fagan, [@b2]; Cushman *et al*., [@b24]; Santi *et al*., [@b89]; Murphy *et al*., [@b77]), mainly because the cross-taxon surrogacy (i.e. of different taxa and species) may be poor (Kremen, [@b61]; Negi & Gadgil, [@b78]; Santi *et al*., [@b89]). Favreau *et al*. ([@b38]) argue that the use of surrogate species should be based on good knowledge of the affected species and how they interact with their environment. They might be a single or a group of species, chosen for various criteria such as body size, which is correlated with sensitivity to disturbances and lifetime (Caro & O\'Doherty, [@b15]). Most ecological processes are dependent on the scale and time (Wiens *et al*., [@b108]), and these two factors will also influence the ability of one species to reflect the behavior of others (Cushman *et al*., [@b24]). A meta-analysis of 138 different studies has shown that the use of different taxonomic groups for the assessment of land-use impacts might lead to different results, due to differences in sensitivity to land-use change (Gibson *et al*., [@b43]). It was found that mammals were less sensitive to disturbances in the landscape, while birds were shown to be particularly sensitive, especially to the land-use change from forest into agriculture. Within some groups, different taxonomic orders were found to be impacted differently. Santi *et al*. ([@b89]) investigated the degree of concordance among species richness and compositional patterns of different taxonomic groups, and found little cross-taxon congruence among most taxa. The choice of surrogate species is still debated and is barely discussed in current applications of land-use impact assessment in LCA, although it is recognized that different taxonomic groups should be used (de Baan *et al*., [@b6]; Souza *et al*., [@b95]). Vascular plants have been used in the assessment of the magnitude of land-use impacts (Müller-Wenk, [@b76]; Koellner, [@b54]; Weidema & Lindeijer, [@b106]; Vogtlaender *et al*., [@b104]; Michelsen, [@b73]; Schmidt, [@b92]), without further verification of the cross-taxon congruence/surrogacy of species diversity. Vascular plants have historically been used in land-use impact assessment in LCA mainly due to data availability (Schmidt, [@b92]) and the belief that they might correlate well with other species (Koellner, [@b54]; Weidema & Lindeijer, [@b106]; Vogtlaender *et al*., [@b104]), even though some authors argue that vascular plant species are an inappropriate surrogate indicator for biodiversity (Michelsen, [@b73]; Schmidt, [@b92]). Besides these issues, current discussions barely touch the importance of the choice of surrogate species. One complicating factor is that LCA requires models that can better represent a more globalized characterization of impacts, due to the global or cross-regional coverage of different production systems. Biodiversity dynamics: does it matter? -------------------------------------- In this section, we discuss the influence of ecological phenomena such as extinction debt and immigration credit on the assumptions of the impact assessment framework. We assess how compromising the disregard of related phenomena such as landscape interactions and species assemblage is to land-use impact assessment in LCA. The treatment of land interventions as being static, as in the current framework, is inadequate for reflecting changes in species diversity. In reality, these changes are not simply a result of the postponement of the recovery of land (occupation, LU), or a unique change in unit time (transformation, LUC), but the consequence of continuous anthropogenic activities and other environmental conditions, such as climate change. The land impacts that are considered do not reflect the cumulative effect of practices actually taking place. A fundamental issue with this model is that, for some land-use changes, extreme drops in the quality after land transformation are unrealistic if the metrics implemented refer to biodiversity (Kuussaari *et al*., [@b63]). With regard to species richness, and to use an extreme example, the conversion of land from natural vegetation to intensive agriculture will not instantaneously extinguish all local species and reduce the level of biodiversity as soon as the new land use takes effect. This concept of a delayed drop in quality (expressed in species diversity), and related temporary diversity surplus, is relevant to the issue because if losses are progressive and occupation is short enough, land-use impacts may be lower than expected. Conversely, if a patch of land is occupied over a relatively long period of time, the total impacts over time may lead to a threshold limit of biodiversity quality (Gibson *et al*., [@b43]) being met, leading to the collapse of the ecosystem. In this case, the difference between the initial and final steady-states should be higher. Documented examples show that extinction debts may persist for more than a century (Vellend *et al*., [@b103]; Cousins & Vanhoenacker, [@b20]), and this may lead to an underestimation of the potential impacts of land-use change on biodiversity. The ecological concepts of 'extinction debt' (Tilman *et al*., [@b96]) and 'immigration credit' (Jackson & Sax, [@b52]) were established to address the reasons why it is empirically observed that species levels decay at a slower rate than predicted by models. An immigration credit is the number of new species that immigrate to a certain area, following a disturbance, during a time elapsed (immigration lag) between the disturbing event and the establishment of the species (Jackson & Sax, [@b52]). The extinction debt is the time-delayed loss of species as a result of habitat destruction and fragmentation which may occur generations later in the undisturbed fragments that remained after destruction. A surplus in the number of species is observed, during a definite time (extinction lag), after a forcing event

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surfacing in his voice, "I don't like being drugged. I must have missed that part of the Patriot Act." "I know it's disorienting, but I'm afraid it was necessary," Neil said, his expression turning more serious. "Necessary? What's going on?" "That's why I'm here." Neil seated himself on the small couch and opened his briefcase. Brian sat on the floor, his back to the wall, listening as he put on a pair of socks. "I can't tell you everything that I'm sure you'll want to know," he continued, "mostly because it's classified. Believe me, I know that'll be frustrating for you, but you'll have to trust me." "Where are we, the Pentagon?" "No—their rooms have bars on them," Neil answered with a chuckle. "Then, where?" "That's one of the things I can't tell you—at least at this point. Everyone who's been brought here in the last few days as part of this project was brought under the same circumstances as you to maintain the secrecy of this location. You may be allowed to know eventually." Brian looked at him uneasily. "Brian," he said with a pause, "you're here at my specific request. I almost want to apologize to you for it, but I need you to be part of this assignment. This will introduce you to some of the details—although painfully few right now." Neil handed Brian a small folder. Brian took it and looked at the cover. Aside from his embossed name, there were only the words: " _Above Top Secret_." "Wow, this is cool." "I doubt if you'll think so in a few days. In fact, you'll probably ask me again what you're doing here, but for different reasons." "You know that if you need me, I'm here for as long as it's necessary." "Thanks, Brian. I knew that's what you'd say, but it's still a relief to hear it. You no doubt have noticed that your whole library is here with you." "Hard to tell in this landfill." "Sorry again, but things needed to be done quickly. We also took the liberty of backing up your entire hard drive and loading it onto this computer." "Was all that just for my sanity, or will I actually use the stuff? Bringing it all here tells me I'm not going anywhere for a while. Someone in Homeland Security need some Aramaic verbs parsed?" "Not exactly," Neil said, putting all five fingertips of each hand together. He was smiling, but Brian remembered his friend's habit. Neil was choosing his words carefully. "You've been chosen to be part of a team that will be working on a solution to a problem that will irreversibly change life as we know it—not only in the U.S., but all over the world." Brian couldn't disguise the amused look on his face. "I'm an Old Testament scholar, not a scientist." "It'll make sense after we get started. You need to realize that you've been given a very high security clearance, one that's necessary to even be admitted to this complex. There are a few items I need to go over with you because of that." "Such as?" "For starters, this is officially a military operation, so your access within the Facility—that's what we call it—is restricted to certain areas. The military often recruits outsiders like you for specific tasks, although such recruitment nearly always targets scientists. When the military does this, they like to break people in gradually, and always under an extremely careful watch. It's kind of a studied paranoia, really. Even though I have a fairly high government position, I'm still a civilian, and it's taken some of the people associated with this project a good deal of time to get used to having any civilian participation at all." "Aren't we all on the same side?" asked Brian. "Of course, but the military and the government are just like the business or academic worlds. There's a lot of internal competition, even mistrust among colleagues. Rivalries, petty grudges, office politics—they're all part of the picture." "I see... anything else?" Neil looked at Brian pensively. The fingertips again. "Yes. I feel pretty confident saying that your faith will be tested more severely than it has been up to this point... even with your circumstances." His voice trailed off as he broke eye contact. "Why is that?" A sense of apprehension crept over Brian. He wondered how his friend could be so sure. "To be honest," Neil began anew, "you'll hear things... learn of things that will make you wonder about God's interest in our world... and about whether God is really who we thought He was." And there will be signs in sun, moon, and stars... Then will appear in heaven the sign of the Son of Man, and then all the tribes of the earth will mourn, and they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven with power and great glory. — _Luke 21:25; Matthew 24:30, the Bible_ The solitary priest gazed intently at the computer screen, his face glowing eerily, reflecting its soft light. The library at Castel Gandolfo had been closed for hours, dutifully locked down and completely dark, save for the exit lights, as his duties required each night. But, as on many other occasions, the silence and solitude proved irresistible. His days consumed with helping scholars find information, he coveted the time to pursue his own avocation. Astronomy had been the mistress of his mind for many years, but on this occasion, the rapture that always filled him as he searched the heavens, even from his desktop, had slowly and inexorably passed through stages of amused curiosity, unexpected unease, and now a mounting dread. It was human nature to fear the unknown; but now the known had opened the door to terror. Father Mantello stroked his beard nervously as he watched the simulation again, as he had dozens of times before, still hoping that what he now knew to be true was somehow incorrect. _Perchè se lo siete disturbato, Benedict!_ He couldn't help questioning the priest who had put him on this trail, but it was half-hearted. He loved Father Benedict, who was more than twenty years his senior, and agreed with his cause, at least as he understood it. Who better for Benedict to put his question than his trusted friend, who happened to be the librarian at the Vatican Observatory in Rome? He had access to hundreds of ancient astronomical manuscripts collected over centuries and knew how to read the heavens. At first he could not believe his comrade's request was serious. He should have known. Benedict did nothing in jest. He took the photocopied pages of the Talmudic passages Benedict had sent him, along with the hand-copied facsimiles of the Greek and Latin codices he had discovered in his pursuit of an answer to the question asked of him, and retranslated them at sight, pressing again for some nuance that would help him escape the evidence. He hit the now-memorized keystrokes one more time and watched the time move forward into the future at monthly intervals, the constellations and star clusters performing the dance composed aeons ago by their celestial choreographer. The dénouement was the same, as he knew it would be. _This cannot be real._ It was simply impossible that the Christian question of the ages had been literally over his head and at his fingertips since he had begun to serve the Holy See in this place. _The Lord Jesus couldn't have literally meant what he said... could he?_ He paused, seeking courage and wisdom for a course of action. He would not tell Benedict without independent confirmation. He would ask a colleague to check his work, but who? After a few moments his mind cleared. Though they had only met online, he knew who his guide must be and just how he could be contacted to safeguard such sensitive material. He kissed the small cross dangling from his neck, closed his eyes, and blessed God that he had been allowed to know such secrets and had been given a friend with whom to share them. His head still bowed, he prayed for protection. _Sancte Michael Archangele, defende nos in proelio; contra nequitiam et insidias diaboli esto praesidium. Imperat illi Deus; supplices deprecamur. Amen._ Father Mantello quickly saved his work, opened the embedding software he and his associate had used before, converted the file, and uploaded it to the observatory's website. He opened his email account and jerked to a stop. He peered over the top of his computer, then scanned the darkened library. He shook off the sense of being watched and typed a terse missive: _Silent One_ , _Castel Gandolfo is beautiful this time of year. I sent you a good envelope today. Tell me what you think of it._ _God be with us all_. _Mantello._ The astronomer priest sent his message and closed his programs. He watched the screen as the computer cycled through its shutdown. The screen went black, and in the same instant, the priest let out an audible

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=-5\times 10^3$ and $x=-10^4$ as in the setup III. Initially since the particles are initialized near the origin $(0,0)$, the ensemble drifts towards the positive $x$-direction and exhibit the same dynamics as in the setup II. As a result, the transport velocity is initially positive till the first current reversal occurs at $t_{r1}=3.1\times 10^3 T$ and then continues to be negative until $t\simeq 4.6 \times 10^3T$. Thereafter, the particle dynamics undergo another conversion process due to which the transport velocity is reversed again. Unlike the situation in setup II, the particles in the setup III moving ballistically with negative $v_x$ after $t=t_{r1}$ can not keep moving through the lattice $V_B$ for all longer timescales. Instead at some point, they interact with the lattice $V_{G2}$ in the region $-10^4<x<-5\times 10^3$. Due to the high kinetic energy of the particles (since $|v_x|\gtrsim 6$), some of them can pass through the region and continue their ballistic flights for longer timescales through the lattice $V_B$. This can be seen from the asymptotic ensemble distribution projected on to the 2D PSOS in Fig. \[fig3\]b, showing that even at $t=t_f$ a considerable fraction of the ensemble moves with $v_x\lesssim -6$. However, once a particle enters the region $-10^4<x<-5\times 10^3$, its dynamics is no longer confined to the region $v_x\lesssim -6$ of the 2D PSOS and can explore the different regions of the 5D phase space. Hence most of the particles attain $v_x>0$ which in turn allow them to cross the right edge of the lattice $V_{G2}$ at $x=-5\times 10^3$ back into the region $-5\times 10^3<x<5\times 10^3$ where only the lattice $V_B$ is present. After crossing to this region, these particles can either belong to the chaotic sea or to the invariant spanning curves with velocity higher than the FISC at $v_x\simeq 10$ of the 2D PSOS in Fig. \[fig2\]a. The particles with $v_x\gtrsim 10$ perform unidirectional ballistic flights in the positive $x$-direction. Due to their significantly higher kinetic energy, these particles are not ‘reflected’ further by the lattice $V_{G1}$ in the region $5\times 10^3 <x<10^4$; instead, after crossing this region, they continue moving ballistically through the lattice $V_B$ with $v_x\gtrsim 10$. This can be observed from the significant distribution of particles with $v_x\gtrsim 10$ in Fig. \[fig3\]b at $t=t_f$. As the velocities of more and more particles undergo the conversion from $v_x\lesssim -6$ to $v_x\gtrsim 10$, the transport velocity increases steadily after $t\simeq 4.6 \times 10^3T$, leading to a second current reversal at $t=t_{r2}=5.6 \times 10^3 T$ (Fig. \[fig1\]b). On the other hand, the particles in the chaotic layer would eventually again encounter the lattices $V_{G1}$ or $V_{G2}$ so that their chaotic dynamics is eventually converted to ballistic motion either with $v_x\gtrsim 10$ or with $v_x\lesssim -6$. Due to the overall higher number of particles moving asymptotically with $v_x\gtrsim 10$ compared to those with $v_x\lesssim -6$ (see Fig. \[fig3\]b), the asymptotic transport velocity is $\bar{v}_x\simeq 4.7$. Experimental realization {#experiment} ======================== Our scheme of multiple current reversal can be experimentally realized using cold atoms or colloids with optical lattices [@Brown_PRA_Ratchet_Effect_2008; @Renzoni__Driven_Ratchets_2009; @Arzola_PRL_Experimental_Control_2011] and lattices designed using holographic trapping techniques [@Barredo_S_Atombyatom_Assembler_2016; @Kim_NC_Situ_Singleatom_2016; @Nogrette_PRX_SingleAtom_Trapping_2014; @Stuart_NJP_Singleatom_Trapping_2018; @Arzola_PRL_Omnidirectional_Transport_2017]. The background lattice can be formed by 2D optical lattices where the periodic potential is generated by counterpropagating laser beams of perpendicular polarization. The spatially localized lattices of 2D Gaussian barriers can be obtained by reflecting a linearly polarized laser beam onto a spatial light modulator (SLM) displaying a computer generated hologram. The external driving force can be realized using a piezo-modulator [@Arzola_PRL_Omnidirectional_Transport_2017]. Translating our parameters to experimentally relevant quantities for an optical lattice setup with cold rubidium (Rb$^{87}$) atoms and $780\ nm$ lasers, we obtain the lattice height $\tilde{V}_B \sim 5 E_r$, the width $\frac{1}{\sqrt{\alpha}}\sim 350\ nm$, the driving frequency $\omega \sim \omega_r$ and the driving amplitude $a \sim 0.003\ E_r/nm$, where $E_r$ and $\omega_r$ are the recoil energy and recoil frequency of the atom respectively. The timescales of the current reversals can be controlled by the spatial locations of the two lattices of Gaussian barriers. Further away the lattices are from the origin, i.e. near the initial location of the ensemble, the larger would be the reversal timescales. In contrast to Brownian ratchets, our mechanism does not depend on noise and operates in the purely Hamiltonian regime. The effect of weak noise typical for ratchet experiments with cold atoms and underdamped colloids [@Cubero_PRE_Current_Reversals_2010; @Hanggi_RMP_Artificial_Brownian_2009] represent minor fluctuations of the average velocity of the ensemble and this does not affect the functionality of the current reversal mechanism. Interaction and disorder have been shown to enhance accumulation of particles within the regular regions of the phase space [@Liebchen_NJP_Interaction_Induced_2015; @Liebchen_NJP_Interactioninduced_Currentreversals_2012; @Wulf_PRL_Disorder_Induced_2014], which would aid the conversion of chaotic to ballistic dynamics of particles. This would possibly decrease the reversal timescales. Brief conclusions {#conclusion} ================= We provide a scheme to realize time dependent multiple reversals of directed transport in a two dimensional driven lattice setup by superimposing ‘spatially localized lattices’ on top of a ‘global background lattice’. In contrast to most other current reversal schemes, the reversal of transport here occurs dynamically and the timescales of reversal can be controlled by controlling the spatial location of the localized lattices. The scheme is generic in the sense that the only requirement is a mixed phase space corresponding to the underlying background lattice and hence can be applied to a variety of physical systems, for e.g, cold atoms and colloids. NOT FOR PUBLICATION UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FILED FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT FEB 06 2012 MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK RICHARD E. SHREVES, No. 10-35637 U.S. COURT OF APPEALS Petitioner - Appellant, D.C. No. 6:10-cv-00019-DWM v. MEMORANDUM* STATE OF MONTANA, Respondent - Appellee. Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Montana Donald W. Molloy, District Judge, Presiding Argued and Submitted January 11, 2012 Seattle, Washington Before: TASHIMA, GRABER, and RAWLINSON, Circuit Judges. Petitioner Richard E. Shreves appeals the district court’s summary dismissal of his 28 U.S.C. § 2254 habeas petition. Reviewing de novo, Cooper v. Neven, 641 F.3d 322, 326 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 132 S. Ct. 558 (2011), we reverse and remand with instructions that the district court order a response from Respondent State of Montana and direct Respondent to file a copy of the state-court record. * This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3. 1. The district court erred in summarily dismissing Petitioner’s claim of ineffective assistance of counsel. Summary dismissal is appropriate only "[i]f it plainly appears from the petition and any attached exhibits that the petitioner is not entitled to relief." 28 U.S.C. § 2254 pt. VI, ch. 153, Rule 4. In the petition, Petitioner alleges that his lawyer failed to investigate whether Petitioner was taking his psychotropic medications and, if so, the effects of those medications,

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with all the latest and most updated news and photos before any of the other sites can. Virginia Madsen is a very talented and experienced actress who has starred in roles such as Candyman, Sideways, Joy, American Gothic, Designated Survivor and more. Donate to Voices for Puerto Rico!! Voices for Puerto Rico (Voces por Puerto Rico) is a nationwide grassroots humanitarian and nonpartisan initiative by Puerto Rican artists and influencers residing in the US to support rural and/or disconnected local communities affected in Puerto Rico by natural disasters and economic challenges. Actor and Photographer Nick Holmes is donating all the proceeds from sales of his Little Black Book. It’s a collection of portraits of more than 90 beautiful women, many you’ll recognize, shot by him over the past few years. Order one. Order ten. Give it a gift. Whatever. All the profits go to #voicesforpuertorico or don’t buy one at all and just donate right to them. Let’s help however we can. Here’s the link to buy the book: http://www.blurb.com/b/8223619-little-black-book Next Post Virginia Madsen A cool, classic beauty with a vibrant blonde mane and an exuberant flair for the dramatic, Virginia Madsen is one of Hollywood's most versatile and unique actresses. Not only did she received amazing reviews for her Academy Award and Golden Globe nominated performance in Alexander Payne's hit film, Sideways, but this Independent Spirit Award-winning actress has an illustrious resume of roles alongside the most notable and respected actors in the business. Swamp Thing Virginia as Maria Sunderland2019 | Fantasy, Horror, Sci-Fi The series will be based on the popular DC Comics character. Swamp Thing follows Abby Arcane as she investigates what seems to be a deadly swamp-born virus in a small town in Louisiana but soon discovers that the swamp holds mystical and terrifying secrets. When unexplainable and chilling horrors emerge from the murky marsh, no one is safe. This is the Official Website of actress and producer Virginia Madsen therefore is endorsed, approved and visited by herself. This Website is maintained solely by her Webmistress. All original material on this site should be considered copyrighted, owned by Virginia Madsen and reserved for usage only with written permission. All rights are reserved. All graphics and content were made exclusively for this website, please do not reproduce. Absolutely no copyright infringement is intended and all content is copyright of it's original owner. Virginia Madsen is repped by UTA and Untitled. Please contact the Webmistress for any inquiries.Sinup, a novel Siaz-interacting nuclear protein, modulates neural plate formation in the zebrafish embryos. Siah, the vertebrate homologue of the Drosophila seven in absentia (sina) gene, is well conserved from Drosophila to mammal and involved in ubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation of various target proteins. To identify cellular proteins interacting with Siah, we screened a zebrafish cDNA library with zebrafish Siah (Siaz) as bait in a yeast two-hybrid assay. We identified a cDNA encoding a novel protein composed of 145 amino acids and termed it as Sinup (Siaz-interacting-nuclear-protein). Sinup is a novel nuclear protein that binds to the highly conserved C-terminal protein-interacting domain of Siaz both in vivo and in vitro. During development, sinup transcripts are abundant from the one-cell stage to the early blastula and then markedly diminished, suggesting sinup largely exists as maternal transcripts. sinup overexpression induced lateral expansion of the neural plate and in consequence caused ectopic expression of otx-2 and hoxb1b during the late gastrula stage. In addition, the lateral/paraxial expression of wnt8 at the onset of gastrulation is suppressed by the forced expression of sinup while the expression levels of various dorso-ventral markers are unaffected. In contrast, interfering with sinup functions using sinup morpholino oligonucleotides gradually diminished the anterior neuroectoderm from the posterior region, and resulted in compete loss of hindbrain at the 3-somites stage. Our report suggests that sinup expression should be tightly regulated during early embryonic development for the proper neural plate formation.;****************************************************************************** ;* SIMD-optimized JPEG2000 DSP functions ;* Copyright (c) 2014 Nicolas Bertrand ;* Copyright (c) 2015 James Almer ;* ;* This file is part of FFmpeg. ;* ;* FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or ;* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public ;* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either ;* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. ;* ;* FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, ;* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of ;* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU ;* Lesser General Public License for more details. ;* ;* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public ;* License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software ;* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA ;****************************************************************************** %include "libavutil/x86/x86util.asm" SECTION_RODATA 32 pf_ict0: times 8 dd 1.402 pf_ict1: times 8 dd 0.34413 pf_ict2: times 8 dd 0.71414 pf_ict3: times 8 dd 1.772 SECTION .text ;*********************************************************************** ; ff_ict_float_<opt>(float *src0, float *src1, float *src2, int csize) ;*********************************************************************** %macro ICT_FLOAT 1 cglobal ict_float, 4, 4, %1, src0, src1, src2, csize shl csized, 2 add src0q, csizeq add src1q, csizeq add src2q, csizeq neg csizeq movaps m6, [pf_ict0] movaps m7, [pf_ict1] %define ICT0 m6 %define ICT1 m7 %if ARCH_X86_64 movaps m8, [pf_ict2] %define ICT2 m8 %if cpuflag(avx) movaps m3, [pf_ict3] %define ICT3 m3 %else movaps m9, [pf_ict3] %define ICT3 m9 %endif %else ; ARCH_X86_32 %define ICT2 [pf_ict2] %if cpuflag(avx) movaps m3, [pf_ict3] %define ICT3 m3 %else %define ICT3 [pf_ict3] %endif %endif ; ARCH align 16 .loop: movaps m0, [src0q+csizeq] movaps m1, [src1q+csizeq] movaps m2, [src2q+csizeq] %if cpuflag(fma4) || cpuflag(fma3) %if cpuflag(fma4) fnmaddps m5, m1, ICT1, m0 fmaddps m4, m2, ICT0, m0 %else ; fma3 movaps m5, m1 movaps m4, m2 fnmaddps m5, m5, ICT1, m0 fmaddps m4, m4, ICT0, m0 %endif fmaddps m0, m1, ICT3, m0 fnmaddps m5, m2, ICT2, m5 %else ; non FMA %if cpuflag(avx) mulps m5, m1, ICT1 mulps m4, m2, ICT0 mulps m1, m1, ICT3 mulps m2, m2, ICT2 subps m5, m0, m5 %else ; sse movaps m3, m1 movaps m4, m2 movaps m5, m0 mulps m3, ICT1 mulps m4, ICT0 mulps m1, ICT3 mulps m2, ICT2 subps m5, m3 %endif addps m4, m4, m0 addps m0, m0, m1 subps m5, m5, m2 %endif movaps [src0

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, and accounted for anisotropy. The best model for each variable was chosen based on their root-mean-squared-standardized values (closest value to 1). Natural breaks (Jenks) were used to classify the interpolated values into categories. These models were computed using the Geostatistical Analyst Wizard. Results and discussion {#sec003} ====================== Isotopic baseline of the sGoM surface sediment {#sec004} ---------------------------------------------- The first objective of this study was to determine baselines and trends in the isotopic composition of sedimentary organic matter across the sGoM. Surface sediment of all samples range in δ^13^C values from -22.4‰ to -19.9‰ ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}) and have an average value of -21.2 ± 0.6‰ (standard deviation; n = 73), while Δ^14^C values range from -337.1‰ to -69.2‰ ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), and have an average of -164.6 ± 54.0‰ (n = 72). Surface sediment of all samples range in δ^15^N values from 2.8‰ to 7.2‰ ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), and have an average of 4.7 ± 0.9‰ (n = 66). The %C on a carbonate-free basis range in value from 0.65% to 3.89% ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), and average 1.45 ± 0.59% (n = 66), while %N range in value from 0.09% to 0.49% ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), with an average of 0.18 ± 0.07% (n = 66). In a data set consisting of only surface sediments from the multicores (0--1 cm section), δ^13^C values range from -22.2‰ to -19.9‰ ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), with an average of -21.0 ± 0.6‰ (n = 41), while Δ^14^C range in value from -337.1‰ to -69.2‰ ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), with an average of -164.3 ± 63.1‰ (n = 41). δ^15^N range in value from 3.7‰ to 5.3‰ ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), and average 4.6 ± 0.4‰ (n = 37). %C range in value from 0.95% to 3.89% ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), with an average of 1.57 ± 0.58% (n = 37), while %N range in value from 0.14% to 0.49% ([S1 Table](#pone.0231678.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), with an average of 0.20 ± 0.07% (n = 37). Due to the lack of differences, determined by T-test, in the average %C, Δ^14^C and δ^15^N values and only slight significant differences for δ^13^C and %N values (0.33‰ and 0.04%, respectively) when examining all surface sediment samples vs. only multicore (0--1 cm section) samples, we treated all samples as being representative of surficial sediment. The isoscape map of δ^13^C surface sediment organic carbon values indicates the dominance of marine production with some terrestrial inputs in the nearshore. The map reveals more δ^13^C depleted areas in the south (Bay of Campeche) and towards the Laguna de Terminos ([Fig 1](#pone.0231678.g001){ref-type="fig"} area G). This area is described as a transitional area with terrigenous clastic sediments found west of the Yucatan shelf, along the continental shelf, and biogenic carbonate deposits located on the Yucatan shelf \[[@pone.0231678.ref046], [@pone.0231678.ref047]\]. Depleted δ^13^C areas are observed along the coast, west-south-west of the Ixtoc 1 site (reference location) where three major rivers terminate into the sGoM (Grijalva-Usumacinta, Coatzacoalcos, Papaloapan; [Fig 1](#pone.0231678.g001){ref-type="fig"} areas F, E & D). Depleted δ^13^C areas are also observed along the coast from north of Tampico ([Fig 1](#pone.0231678.g001){ref-type="fig"} area C) to the Texas coastline by Corpus Christi ([Fig 1](#pone.0231678.g001){ref-type="fig"} area A). More enriched δ^13^C areas are observed offshore, in deeper water. Soto and Escobar-Briones \[[@pone.0231678.ref048]\] determined that the food web of the inner shelf mostly receives estuarine input while the food web of the middle and outer shelf receives marine carbon sources. The δ^13^C isoscape map is similar to a map of chlorophyll concentration from a 2015 satellite imagery ([Fig 2](#pone.0231678.g002){ref-type="fig"}; \[[@pone.0231678.ref049]\]). This particular chlorophyll map is generally representative of chlorophyll at other times in the GoM. Higher concentrations of chlorophyll (0.8 to 5.0 mg/m^3^) are generally observed along the Mexican and Texas coast, with the highest concentrations (\~3--5 mg/m^3^) occurring mostly from the Coatzacoalcos River to the Yucatan shelf, which encompasses the area of some of the most depleted δ^13^C sediments in our study area. The higher chlorophyll areas are likely related to terrestrial nutrient inputs. The surface sediment δ^13^C depletion is likely the result of depleted terrestrial carbon input from river flow or estuarine production added to marine production, rather than due to a δ^13^C induced response to enhanced rates of primary production in the open GoM. Enhanced primary production would likely result in the enrichment of δ^13^C of primary producers because at higher photosynthetic rates less isotopic fractionation occurs with respect to dissolved inorganic carbon during carbon fixation. In addition, enhanced nutrient concentration can result in larger phytoplankton cells which are also associated with increasing δ^13^C enrichment \[[@pone.0231678.ref050]--[@pone.0231678.ref053]\]. ![Map of chlorophyll (mg/m^3^) in the Gulf of Mexico from August 9 to 15, 2015.\ Reprinted from the USF optical oceanography lab under a CC BY license, with permission from Chuanmin Hu, original copyright 2015.](pone.0231678.g002){#pone.0231678.g002} A related spatial trend is observed on the Δ^14^C isoscape map ([Fig 3](#pone.0231678.g003){ref-type="fig"}). The area surrounding the Ixtoc 1 blowout site and towards the Laguna de Terminos consists of more modern, Δ^14^C enriched carbon, likely influenced by the Laguna de Terminos estuarine production ([Fig 3](#pone.0231678.g003){ref-type="fig"} area G) and the Grijalva-Usumacinta Rivers ([Fig 3](#pone.0231678.g003){ref-type="fig"} area F), while offshore areas are more depleted in Δ^14^C. The two most depleted sites (\# 68; IXNW1600 and \# 73; 2392) are located in water depths greater than 3000 m. These areas likely experience slower sedimentation rates and slower input rates of photosynthetically fixed marine material delivered from the surface. Areas of Δ^14^C depletion are also observed along the coastline between the Papaloapan River and Panuco River ([Fig 3](#pone.0231678.g003){ref-type="fig"} area D and C) where relatively low surface water chlorophyll appears in the satellite image ([Fig 2](#pone.0231678.g002){ref-type="fig"}). ![Map displaying the spatial trend of Δ^14^C values analyzed from 72 surface sediment samples.\ Landmark legend can be viewed on [Fig 1](#pone.0231678.g001){ref-type="fig"}.](pone.0231678.g003){#pone.0231678.g003} The isoscape map of δ^15^N in surface sediments reveals a latitudinal trend with more depleted δ^15^N areas observed around the Ixtoc 1 blowout site and the outputs of the three major rivers (Grijalva-Usumacinta, Coatzacoalcos, Papaloapan) and more enriched δ^15^N areas in the deeper waters, north of the Ixtoc 1

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era and did little to stop it. The thinking probably goes, “well if Selig is in, he’s just as culpable as the players, so i’m now voting for Bonds/Clemens). With my imaginary ballot, here’s how i’d vote. Since there’s a (ridiculous) limit of 10 players per ballot, I’ll list these players in rough order of voting priority to start: New Ballot Candidates: Absolute Yes on Ivan Rodriguez, Manny Ramirez (and with Pudge, the first “Nationals” connected player to make it!) Why support Hoffman but not Smith and Wagner? Probably a fair question and probably not supported by stats when you compare all three guys together. But that’s why its the “Hall of Fame” and not the “Hall of WAR” or the “Hall of Stats.” Hoffman was more famous than these other relievers. I always viewed Smith as a good-but-not-great reliever who compiled stats, and I viewed Wagner as an electric and under-rated closer without near the career accomplishments of Hoffman. Why support McGriff/Guerrero but not Walker? You can make the argument that Walker’s numbers were a product of Colorado … and you can make the alternative argument too. I think for me the fact that Walker couldn’t reach even 400 homers while playing in the launching pad in Denver is an indictment of his career. Walker was a fine hitter … but he never inspired the league wide “fear” that Guerrero and McGriff did. He’s in the “Hall of Good” but not the “Hall of Fame” for me. Also it is worth noting that McGriff finished his career with 493 homers, but missed months out of the 1994 season at his peak. Had he eclipsed 500 homers … i think we’re having a different conversation about him. These artificial numbers (300, 3000, 500) are pretty important to voters. Guerrero himself was for a time absolutely “the best player in the game,” a title that I don’t think Walker can come close to claimin. Why support Bonds and Ramirez but not Sosa? Something about Sosa’s career just screams “artificial.” He went from being a 35-home run hitter to a 66-home run hitter overnight, he has PED suspisions and a corked bat on his resume, and his skills disappeared as soon as testing became the norm. So that gives me 6 “Yes” votes and another 6 less emphatic “yes” votes. So i’d have to cull two candidates to fit onto a 10-person ballot. I’d cut Schilling just on principle for the ridiculousness of his statements lately, and Hoffman on general anti-closer principles. So my hypothetical ballot is: My prediction on who actually gets elected? Well, of course the PED issue comes into play. So three or four of my “Yesses” are going to struggle to get votes. So i’m guessing that the likes of Pudge and Manny don’t get 1st ballot votes, and Clemens/Bonds will continues to struggle. But based on there being three candidates that got pretty close last year, i’m going to guess that its a 3-man roster for 2017: Raines, Bagwell and Hoffman. And that’s a fine class. The tracker is showing Raines, Bagwell and Rodriguez well in the 75% range, with Bonds, Clemens, Hoffman and Guerrero in the 70-75% range. Which means that they’ll likely fall short in the end, since the non-public ballots are usually more parsimonious and more narrative-driven. Hoffman has enough of a narrative to perhaps maintain his 75% range though, so i’m putting him in first ballot (whether or not you think he deserves it). One great change coming to HoFame balloting; no more secret ballots. Every idiot who has a ballot and turns in something nonsensical will now have to answer for his vote in the court of public opinion. Which I think is a great thing; no more sanctimonious votes preventing deserving players from getting their due. Is Virginia Native Justin Verlander the best ever player from the State? Photo unknown via rumorsandrants.com Recently, I read a pundit who talked about how a huge percentage of baseball prospects come from relatively few states; California (mostly Southern California at that), Texas, Florida and Georgia. The Baseball America guys once talked about an “All North Carolina” team and how good it would be (BA is based in Durham, NC). It got me thinking: how good of a team could you put together of prospects with ties to Virginia? Having grown up in Virginia and having had the opportunity to play with and against a number of guys with pro ties over the years, I thought it’d be interesting to put together the “All Virginia Team.” Using mostly the handy Baseball-reference pages, I looked up players who were either born in Virginia, went to a Virginia-based high school, or played baseball at one of Virginia’s universities. There’s also the fantastic Baseball Cube website (www.thebaseballcube.com) that has very in-depth player databases searchable by high schools that shows every player on a professional or NCAA team by school, which sometimes has better records than B-R.com. The players here had to be active in the Majors in 2012, though as it turned out there’s enough guys with Virginia ties to make a full starting team. Feedback is welcome. Ok, so we’re a little weak up the middle. Zimmerman played SS in college but I can’t find a legitimate shortstop out there. Rhymes was just signed by the Nats to a minor league deal and isn’t likely to make the opening day 25-man roster save for injury. Inge hasn’t caught regularly in a few years. But how about the hitting prowness of this lineup? BJ Upton-Cuddyer-Zimmerman-Wright-Justin Upton-Reynolds is a pretty powerful group. Coincidentally, I put in Kratz because I find it amazing that someone who played baseball at Eastern Mennonite is actually in the big leagues. By B-R’s records, he’s the SOLE alumni of that university to have ever even played professional baseball. Backup starters: Danny Hultzen (born and raised in Bethesda, college at UVA); an exception to my “active in 2012” rule but clearly the most high-profile tied-to-Virginia prospect in the game right now. John Maine (born in Fredericksburg, HS in Stafford) had a decent stint starting for the Mets, but he’s yet to get back to the majors after a shoulder surgery in 2010). A pretty good 1-2 punch, including arguably the best pitcher in the game. Hudson has some potential. Saunders is more of an innings eater lefty, but he’s made a pretty good career for himself already. Stauffer had elbow surgery in August 2012 and probably isn’t ready for opening day, but he’s the best I could find. Not bad depth here; I suppose Marshall could close, Bray be the loogy, Camp be an 8th inning guy, Eppley a 7th inning type and the rest be middle men. I like how Sean Camp was born, raised, went to high school and played baseball in college without ever leaving Fairfax. Other random Virginia School trivia: What’s the best producing college in Virginia? Pretty easily its UVA, with 117 pro players in B-R’s database and 30 guys reaching the majors. Virginia Tech, ODU, Richmond and VCU are all grouped a bit behind UVA in terms of pro player development. Amazingly little Liberty University has matriculated 59 players to the pro ranks. At current, UVA has 6 active alumni in the majors. William & Mary, ODU and Richmond have 2 each, and a slew of lesser baseball-playing universities have one each (all of which are mentioned above). What’s the best producing High School in Virginia? Pretty clearly the high schools in the Virginia Beach/Chesapeake area have been producing some serious baseball talent lately, but even the Upton brothers ended up going to different high schools. Both Virginia HS in Bristol and First Colonial HS in Virginia Beach list 8 pro player alumni with 2 pros each. Closer to home in Northern Virginia: Garfield has 7 total players with Pro experience in the database, 3 of which have MLB experience. Robinson HS in Fairfax has 6 pros/3 MLB experience. Fairfax HS also has the same; 6 pros, 3 with MLB experience. Of course, these numbers pale in comparison to some of the baseball factories in the major baseball-producing states Florida and California. Hillsborough HS in Tampa boasts 41 pro alumni and 10 with MLB experience, including Gary Sheffield, Dwight Gooden, Carl Everett and our own Elijah Dukes. Lakewood HS in Orange county has 57 pro alumni and 12 MLB experienced players, though not nearly of the name quality of Hillsborough’s graduates. Sarasota HS in Florida also boasts 57 pro player alumni, 14 MLB pros including our own Ian Desmond. There’s a HS in Oakland called McClymonds that has two Hall of Fame alumni (Frank Robinson and Ernie Lombardi), a host of other famous names from 60s and 70s but which hasn’t generated a pro player since the mid 1970s

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, que dès qu'il s'agissait de litiges commerciaux, cette grande firme qu'était Athènes se comportait avec une loyauté parfaite. Soit qu'elle contractât avec les cités fédérées ou d'autres villes des conventions de droit privé international (δίϰαι άπὸ συμбόλων), soit qu'elle s'en tînt à des relations réglées par la coutume, elle cherchait à faire prévaloir ce principe de droit consulaire, que le demandeur devait plaider dans la ville du défendeur . Mais, comme les Athéniens en étaient les mauvais marchands , ils se virent obligés de restreindre l'application de ce principe, en exigeant que pour tout contrat conclu à Athènes le tribunal athénien fût seul compétent . Poussant jusqu'au bout la politique d'unification, Athènes prétendit imposer à l'empire son système de poids, mesures et monnaies. D'elles-mêmes, les petites villes avaient cessé, des leur entrée dans la confédération, de frapper d'autres pièces que le billon nécessaire au marché local. Plusieurs grandes villes coupables de défection se virent enlever une prérogative attachée à la souveraineté. En fait, les « chouettes » du Laurion étaient à peu près les seules monnaies d'argent que les matelots de la flotte rapportaient dans les villes et que les villes renvoyaient sous forme de tribut ; le talent et le pied attiques étaient familiers aux marchands de tous les ports. Un décret, proposé par un nommé Cléarchos, prescrivit à toutes les cités de l'empire l'usage exclusif des étalons athéniens et leur fit défense de frapper de la monnaie d'argent. Il faut croire que le décret rencontra des résistances sérieuses, car il en fallut un second (avant 420) pour ordonner aux particuliers d'échanger l'argent étranger contre de l'argent attique . Par ce complet mépris de tout ce qui rappelait l'autonomie, l'empire d'Athènes parut à ses sujets une tyrannie. Les Athéniens étaient les premiers à le dire ; ils justifiaient leur politique en invoquant avec Périclès les services qu'ils avaient rendus et continuaient de rendre, ou bien en déclarant avec la brutalité d'un Cléon que, sur la voie où l'on était engagé, il n'y avait plus à revenir en arrière, mais à briser tous les obstacles. Et ainsi, les cités qui s'étaient unies pour assurer leur liberté se sentaient asservies, et un Athénien pouvait s'indigner qu'on les traitât comme esclaves à la meule . Elles payaient tribut pour embellir Athènes et enrichir sa déesse. Elles étaient obligées d'envoyer des délégués aux Dionysies pour y apporter la somme exigée, aux Panathénées pour offrir des victimes au prix fort, aux fêtes d'Éleusis pour consacrer aux déesses les prémices de la récolte annuelle . Elles étaient maintenues dans le droit chemin de la démocratie, contraintes à l'obéissance et à la fidélité par les archers et les hoplites qui campaient sur leur acropole, par les trières qui stationnaient dans leur port, par les clèrouques établis par milliers sur leur sol. Le mécontentement couvait dans toutes les parties de l'empire. Longtemps il fut impuissant : à des cités isolées, séparées par de grandes distances, tout effort collectif était impossible contre les maîtres de la mer. Enfin les Spartiates donnèrent le signal de la grande lutte contre Athènes ; dès le premier jour ils proclamèrent la guerre de délivrance. De fait, l'empire devait succomber moins encore sous les attaques furieuses dirigées du dehors que par le travail de sape exécuté sans relâche par les ennemis de l'intérieur. L'autonomie se vengeait d'une centralisation odieuse pour des Grecs. Elle était tellement intraitable, cette autonomie des petites cités, qu'elle n'admettait même pas aussi facilement qu'on pourrait le croire la solidarité internationale des partis. Cléon ne comprend pas qu'on distingue, parmi les Mytiléniens rebelles, les démocrates des oligarques : pour lui, ils sont tous également coupables . Et, quand on demande au peuple athénien, par mesure de salut public, de permettre aux villes alliées un changement de constitution dans le sens oligarchique, Phrynichos s'y oppose. À quoi bon ? « Ce ne serait ni un motif de soumission pour les cités révoltées, ni un gage de fidélité pour celles qui nous restent ; car, plutôt que d'être esclaves de l'oligarchie ou de la démocratie, elles préfèrent être libres sous n'importe lequel de ces gouvernements . » Pourtant l'impérialisme des Athéniens n'était que prématuré et ne fut pas inutile. La grande faute d'Athènes – faute inévitable à cette époque – est de n'avoir pas compris que, si elle faisait brèche dans le droit des autres cités, elle devait leur ouvrir largement le sien. Sous le coup de la défaite, des esprits audacieux y songèrent ; mais il était déjà trop tard, et l'on attendit encore les désastres suprêmes pour faire une application exceptionnelle et désespérée d'une idée que Rome un jour rendra si féconde . Telle quelle, la tentative de Périclès et de ses successeurs a eu de grands résultats, non pas seulement pour Athènes, qui n'aurait pas laissé un si grand nom, si elle n'avait pas été la capitale d'un si grand empire, mais pour l'empire lui-même et pour toute la Grèce. Ce sont les vices du système qui attirent toujours l'attention, parce que les anciens n'ont jamais vu et qu'à leur suite les modernes ne regardent guère que le côté politique des événements. Mais à d'autres points de vue, et même à celui-là, l'empire athénien a rendu les plus grands services en créant de précieux éléments d'unité. Par l'intermédiaire des cités confédérées, la démocratie a, malgré tout, fourni à l'ensemble des Grecs un modèle qui n'a plus cessé de s'imposer. Grâce au libéralisme commercial auquel les Athéniens ne renonçaient en pleine guerre que pour assurer leur subsistance et se procurer des matériaux de construction navale, le bassin de la Méditerranée constituait un marché unique dont l'exploitation n'enrichissait pas seulement le Pirée . Et puis, tous ces alliés qui venaient chaque année aux représentations des Grandes Dionysies et aux processions des Panathénées rapportaient chez eux et répandaient partout le goût d'une littérature et d'un art supérieurs. Enfin, de même que la France vaincue en 1815 a laissé à ses vainqueurs le code Napoléon, Athènes, avant d'être écrasée, avait répandu chez les confédérés qu'elle traînait devant ses tribunaux les principes de sa législation, si bien que beaucoup d'entre eux adoptèrent pour toujours, non pas seulement la technique de son droit, mais ses principes de liberté et de responsabilité personnelles . Ainsi, par la domination qu'elle exerça pendant trois quarts de siècle, Athènes fit beaucoup pour l'unification politique et économique, intellectuelle et juridique de la race grecque.

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Transportation Commission of Southern Nevada. “Some of these visions may eventually come to fruition. But we are not talking about them happening in the next five years even, some of them in the next 10 years.”Dedicated to delivering the best IT support for Charities Our Approach to Managed IT Support for Charities At Premier Charity Solutions, we believe that our managed support helpdesk and consultancy services are the most important part of our partnership with your charity. Our customers (including Age UK, Mencap and The FSI) share that opinion. Whether large or small, your charity relies on your IT infrastructure to carry out the work you do. Faced with tight budgets that make wasted time more costly than ever, it is essential to choose a provider with a proven track record in the third sector and a good understanding of the needs and struggles of your organisation. That's why we pride ourselves on having an industry leading IT support and consultancy services tailored to the charity sector. Our recruitment process focuses on hiring personable staff with a passion for IT – making our helpdesk more approachable and encouraging your users to develop relationships and trust with our service desk. Rather than having auto-attendants, receptionists or voicemail systems, the telephone number provided to our clients goes directly to our support team. Your Dedicated Account Manager has previously worked on our helpdesk and projects teams, giving them a unique insight into the support, planning and implementation of your charity's IT systems. Their focus is to reduce your reliance on the helpdesk services by assessing and developing the systems your staff use, leading to improved reliability and efficiency. We work hard to build an IT partnership with our charities, rather than just a support arrangement. comprehensive site survey & IT audit We carry out a full site survey of your IT hardware, software and services, including a consultation with yourselves and your staff. We detail your charity’s existing IT infrastructure and discuss any additional requirements and ongoing / outstanding problems. Best practice analysis Once we have collated all of the information from the site survey of your charity, your dedicated account manager will contact you to arrange your Best Practice Analysis. This is a detailed document providing information on any areas of concern with your existing system as well as information on security, compliance and business continuity. We also specify any upcoming renewals or out-of-date solutions and provide information on forthcoming technologies and services that may benefit your charity. Pro-active real time monitoring Pro-active real-time monitoring and reporting enables us to detect and resolve many support issues before they impact your charity. We monitor every server, device and cloud service using a multitude of alerting, monitoring and reporting tools. facilities & update management All new, change and remove user requests are managed to ensure organisational compliance and identified to provide change tracking and reporting. This also includes software update control, data backup, restoration, server maintenance (automated as well as manual) and administration. third party software & hardware vendor support Where authorised, we will liaise with all your third-party hardware, software, telecommunications and cloud service providers on your behalf. This gives you one point of contact for all IT related issues and requests, saving your staff time, as well as the frustration of being pushed between service providers – and allowing us to have a full audit trail for all services and supplier requests. Dedicated account management Your dedicated account manager will contact you periodically to arrange a meeting or a call to discuss various aspects of your agreement, including feedback on our support team, a review of your ticket and service history, any noted areas of concern, completed / upcoming projects and any future requirements or new technologies. Having trouble with your IT? Transition process Site Survey & IT Infrastructure Audit A full site survey of your IT hardware, software and services including consultation with yourselves and your staff. We detail your existing IT infrastructure and discuss any additional requirements and ongoing / outstanding problems; please collate as much information as possible prior to the survey. Support: Online! That’s it! No problem too big or too small, start calling our team today! Following the site survey, we will have everything we need to start providing you with a fully managed helpdesk! Remaining Information Requested from Suppliers Just like switching your gas or electricity we do all of the hard work, contacting previous IT suppliers and 3rd party vendors, requesting information, detailing equipment, obtaining password etc. and all you have to do is to continue doing what you do best; running your organisation! Concerned your previous supplier’s wont hand everything over in a timely manner? Don’t be, we will liaise with your previous supplier directly and in the event they don’t provide the information requested, your dedicated project lead will reset any outstanding passwords and re-configure any equipment, software or services! Best Practice Analysis Once we have collated all of your information following your site survey, your dedicated account manager will contact you to arrange your Best Practice Analysis. This is a detailed document providing information on any areas of concern with your existing system, notification of any upcoming renewals or out-of-date solutions, as well as information on forthcoming technologies and services that may benefit your organisation. Regular Account Review Meetings & Consultancy Our account manager will contact you periodically to arrange a meeting or a call to discuss various aspects of your agreement, including feedback on our support team, a review of your ticket and service history, any noted areas of concern, completed / upcoming projects and any future requirements or new technologies Service Desk Statistics Average Telephone Response Time: 8 Seconds % SLA Target Hit: 99.6% % Incidents Resolved on Initial Contact: 76% % Incidents Resolved Without Escalation: 84% % Incident Tickets Re-Opened: 2.1% % Incidents Escalated to On-Site Engineer Visit: 0.3% Our Partners Get your quote now Name* Email Address* Telephone* Company Name Number of Users* Details* Marketing Permissions Premier Charity Solutions will use the information you provide on this form to be in touch with you and to provide updates and marketing. Please let us know all the ways you would like to hear from us: EmailDirect MailCustomised online advertising You can change your mind at any time by clicking the unsubscribe link in the footer of any email you receive from us, or by contacting us at [email protected]. We will treat your information with respect. For more information about our privacy practices please visit our website. By clicking below, you agree that we may process your information in accordance with these terms. We use MailChimp as our marketing automation platform. By clicking below to submit this form, you acknowledge that the information you provide will be transferred to MailChimp for processing in accordance with their Privacy Policy and Terms.Development of nonstoichiometric CuInS₂ as a light-harvesting photoanode and catalytic photocathode in a sensitized solar cell. A simple one-pot approach was developed to obtain nonstoichiometric CuInS2 nanocrystals. Using this approach, both In-rich and Cu-rich CuInS2 nanocrystals could be reliably synthesized by tuning stoichiometric combinations of [Cu]/[In] precursor constituents. By designing Cu-rich CuInS2 heteronanostructures to serve as counter electrodes, quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) equipped with In-rich CuInS2 and CdS cosensitizers delivered a power conversion efficiency of 2.37%, which is significantly more efficient than conventional Pt counter electrodes. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first report utilizing nonstoichiometric CuInS2 nanocrystals as a photon-harvesting sensitizer comprised of a photoanode and photocathode in QDSSCs; also unique to this report, these nonstoichiometric CuInS2 nanocrystals were formed by simply changing the cationic molar ratios without complicated precursor preparation. Impedance spectroscopy and Tafel polarization indicated that these Cu-rich CuInS2 heteronanostructures had electrocatalytic activities (used for reducing S(2-)/Sn(2-)) that were superior to a Pt catalyst. Moreover, we demonstrated that Cu-rich CuInS2 heteronanostructures were also useful counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells, and this finding revealed a promising conversion efficiency of 6.11%, which was ∼96% of the efficiency in a cell with a Pt-based counter electrode (6.32%).MRI of oriental cholangiohepatitis. Oriental cholangiohepatitis (OCH) also called recurrent pyogenic cholangitis is characterized by intrahepatic duct calculi, strictures, and recurrent infections. In turn cholangitis can result in multiple hepatic abscesses, further biliary strictures, and in severe cases, progressive hepatic parenchymal destruction, cirrhosis, and portal hypertension. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and conventional T1-weighted (T1W) and T2-weighted (T2W) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings have been described in patients with OCH. MRCP findings include duct dilation, strictures, and calculi. MRCP can help to localize the diseased ducts and determine the severity of involvement. T1 and T2W sequences reveal the parenchymal changes of atrophy, abscess formation, and portal hypertension in addition to calculi. Post-treatment changes

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not best developers) win contracts. ~~~ shawkinaw So we have a choice between corruption and incompetence ... I'm pretty sure that corruption would actually be better, at least shit would work. ~~~ thebulge We only have a choice of which we want to start with. Eventually we end up with both. ------ coherentpony No shit. This whole ordeal has been nothing short of a complete and utter fucking disaster. And how much did the government pay to have this work done [1]? This is procurement at its finest. The government could have easily paid 10% of what they did to a tech start-up who would have done a much better job utilising scalable technologies. [1] [http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/fact- checker/wp/2013/10/...](http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/fact- checker/wp/2013/10/24/how-much-did-healthcare-gov-cost/) ~~~ Iftheshoefits I rather think that depends on what technological expertise the the start-up brought to bear on the problem. I understand it's chic to think that Healtcare.gov is "just another website", especially among a certain crowd who think that all development is web development, and best done on a MacbookPro using RoR/node/<functional language Y>/Go + <insert fad-of-the-day JS framework here>. It's a mistaken impression, though, because we aren't talking about some from-scratch system. We're talking about communication with and between a lot of legacy systems requiring what is almost certainly a frankenstein-like nightmare of patchwork APIs that dive into programming languages and styles hipster 20-somethings at hot S.F. Start Up X wouldn't understand because it's beneath them (I'm exaggerating and generalizing here for effect--this isn't to impugn all 20-somethings, start- ups, etc.). Honestly I don't think there is any contractor who could have pulled this project off flawlessly, or even very much better than the group of misfits who did Healthcare.gov did, just because of the sheer complexity of the project compounded with the increased politically-motivated interference from government officials that comes with such high-profile projects. ~~~ MichaelApproved > Honestly I don't think there is any contractor who could have pulled this > project off flawlessly A few flaws could be excused but the site was a disaster. > or even very much better than the group of misfits who did Healthcare.gov In just a couple of months, the current contractor group was able to clean up most of the mess and improve the site dramatically. In just _two months_! Imagine what they could have pulled off if the group was put together earlier. ~~~ Iftheshoefits The were able to clean up and improve an existing system, yes. That doesn't imply anything about their abilities to have created it from the ground up. ~~~ MichaelApproved To me, it implies they have even more ability than if I saw them build it from the ground up. They were able to read the garbage written by the other developers and make something useful out of it. Pretty impressive! ------ hga Too many lies in this article to take more from this than the bare fact that CGI Federal will be replaced by Accenture (the latter of which is no prize from what I've heard). I.e. the government's Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) were notoriously the "prime contractor" until the 3rd week of October (when replaced by contractor QSSI, also responsible for the "data hub"), and the attacks on the contractors are misplaced when their management was so impossibly bad. The linked _Washington Post_ article is not great, but better: [http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/obama- administration-...](http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/obama- administration-to-end-contract-with-cgi-federal-company-behind- healthcaregov/2014/01/10/001eb05a-719e-11e3-8b3f-b1666705ca3b_story.html) ~~~ coldcode Accenture taking over is like replacing dumb & dumber with larry, moe and curly. ------ greg5green >>Accenture, which is one of the world’s largest consulting firms, has extensive experience with computer systems on the state level, and it built California’s new health insurance exchange. Hasn't California's exchange had big problems too? ~~~ angersock Accenture is Arthur Andersen, and they've got a long history of extracting maximum value for shareholders from government contracts (state and local). EDIT: Arthur Andersen spawned Andersen Consulting spawned Arthur Anderson Business Consulting spawned Accenture. Some of AABC splintered off and joined Hitachi Consulting, some went elsewhere. The history of computer consulting is varied, interesting, and tragic. ------ patrickg_zill Am I the only one who thinks that the failures were intentional - that the whole mix-up is a passive-aggressive way of herding the USA into eventual single-payer? If Washington DC is, in fact, really that stupid and it is not intentional, under what strange notion of justice am I to pay taxes to these morons? ~~~ smsm42 Depends on what you mean by intentional. I'm not sure if the guys that call the shots are Machiavellian enough for such things - given how incompetent they are in everything else, hard to imagine they would be super-competent in long-reaching plots. If they had been able to execute long-running plans of such magnitude with such certainty, they wouldn't screw up so many things so badly as they had. However, the resulting vector of their efforts and failures may very well point into that direction, and not without their cooperation and help, since once they beat insurance industry into full dependency and make the population rely on subsidized care, the next logical step would be to eliminate the middlemen - there would be no point for them to exist anymore, at least not as independent entities - given that they would have no independence as such and serve no useful function in such setup. ------ bane One of the differences between creating and enforcing laws and creating software is that software _actually_ has to work. The efficacy of a law is open to endless debate, and it doesn't actually have to end up with any intended effect. But software, you can't legislate software. It's obvious that government shouldn't be in the software business, and the government would agree "that's why we use contractors for this!". But when 100% of your revenue comes from the government, in a way you're basically the same thing. ------ protomyth The government isn't exactly doing too well with any of its software projects. The IRS had problems during tax season and the FBI has cancelled and restarted multiple times. The Dept of Interior has been held in contempt of court for how bad their systems have been. ------ dreamfactory2 Talk about going from the frying pan to the fire. ------ wehadfun I here the points about about legacy systems. How much would it have cost to scrap those old systems and build from the ground up. ------ sciguy77 Is anyone surprised by this? ~~~ larockt Slightly surprised, but only because I would have thought that the company had kept up their payments to the necessary campaign funds. Q: Copy from excel and paste into online form Firstly may I apologise for the fact that I am not the best with computers, I have quite a large excel sheet for which I have to copy and paste 10 columns per row into an online form. Is it possible to create a macro for this and if yes how can I do so. Also please keep in mind that I am at work, so I'm limited from the use of plugins and I unfortunately have to use internet explorer. Your help would be much adored, Thank You A: Yes it is possible. You can use IE to automate this using vba. Sub xtremeExcel() Dim HTMLDoc As HTMLDocument Dim oBrowser As InternetExplorer sURL = "*******Paste URL Here************" Set oBrowser = New InternetExplorer oBrowser.Silent = True oBrowser.navigate sURL oBrowser.Visible = True Do Loop Until oBrowser.readyState = READYSTATE_COMPLETE Set HTMLDoc = oBrowser.document 'Use firebug to identify the textbox or object you need. and you can set its value like 'HTMLDoc.GetElementByID("abcd").value

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Fidesz-MPP won by forming a coalition with the MDF and the conservative Independent Smallholders. The party's youthful leader, Viktor Orbán, was named prime minister. The electorate grew increasingly hostile to Fidesz-MPP's strongly nationalistic rhetoric and unseated the government in April 2002, returning the MSZP, allied with the SZDSZ, to power under Prime Minister Péter Medgyessy, a free-market advocate who had served as finance minister in the Horn government. In August 2004, amid revelations that he had once served as a counterintelligence officer, Medgyessy resigned and Sports Minister Ferenc Gyurcsány of the MSZP was named premier. Hungary became a fully fledged member of NATO in 1999 and, with nine so-called accession countries, was admitted into the EU in May 2004. Alan Parker's 1996 film _Evita_ was filmed in Budapest. The Buenos Aires cathedral on screen is the Basilica of St Stephen, the grand, tree-lined boulevard is Andrássy út and the swarthy horse guards belong to the Hungarian mounted cavalry. ## At Home at Last Reappointed prime minister in April 2006 after the electorate gave his coalition 55% of the vote, Gyurcsány began a series of austerity measures to tackle Hungary's budget deficit, which had reached a staggering 10% of GDP. But in September, just as these unpopular steps were put into place, an audiotape recorded shortly after the election at a closed-door meeting of the prime minister's cabinet had Gyurcsány confessing that the party had 'lied morning, noon and night' about the state of the economy since coming to power and now had to make amends. Gyurcsány refused to resign, and public outrage led to a series of demonstrations near the Parliament building in Budapest, culminating in widespread rioting that marred the 50th anniversary of the 1956 Uprising. After that violent demonstrations became a not-infrequent feature on the streets of Budapest and other large cities, especially during national holidays. The radical right-wing nationalist party Jobbik Magyarországért Mozgalom (Movement for a Better Hungary) has been at the centre of many of these demonstrations and riots. Gyurcsány led a feeble minority government until general elections in 2010 when Fidesz-MPP won a majority of 52% in the first round of voting and joined forces with the Christian Democratic People's Party (KDNP) to rule with a two-thirds majority in parliament Hungary's most recent appearance on the world stage came in 2011 when it assumed presidency of the EU Council. A new constitution came into effect at the start of 2012. In the April 2014 national elections, the first since constitutional changes reduced voting to a single poll and the number of MPs from 386 to 199, Fidesz took almost 45% of the vote and 133 seats, returning Orbán to the premiership. Orbán was clearly in charge once again but 'Viktátor', as the opposition press nicknamed him, was frequently criticised for strong-armed tactics and abuse of power. At the time of research Orbán was still at the helm but his ship did not appear to be on course. In 2007 János Kádár's grave in Budapest's Kerepesi Cemetery was broken into and his skull and assorted bones were removed. The only clue was a note that read: 'Murderers and traitors may not rest in holy ground 1956–2006'. The remains have never been recovered. #### Timeline AD 106 Roman Aquincum in today's Óbuda becomes the administrative seat of the province of Pannonia Inferior and a fully fledged colony less than a century later. Late 430s Aquincum offers little protection to the civilian population when the Huns burn the colony to the ground, forcing the Romans and other settlers to flee. 896–98 Nomadic Magyar tribes set up camp in the Carpathian Basin, with five of the seven original tribes settling in the area that is now Budapest. 955 Hungarian raids outside the Carpathian Basin as far as Germany, Italy and Spain are stopped for good by German king Otto I at the Battle of Augsburg. 1000 Stephen (István in Hungarian) is crowned 'Christian King' of Hungary at Esztergom on Christmas Day; he is canonised as St Stephen in 1083. 1222 King Andrew II signs the Golden Bull, according the nobility increased rights and powers; it is renewed nine years later. 1241–42 Mongols sweep across Hungary, reducing the national population by up to a half and killing some 100,000 people in Pest and Óbuda alone. 1458–90 Medieval Hungary enjoys a golden age under the enlightened reign of King Matthias Corvinus and Queen Beatrix, daughter of King Ferdinand I of Naples. 1514 A peasant uprising is crushed, with 70,000 people executed, including leader György Dózsa, who dies on a red-hot iron throne fitted with a scalding crown. 1526 Hungary is soundly defeated by the Ottomans at the Battle of Mohács and young King Louis is killed; the ensuing Turkish occupation lasts more than a century and a half. 1541 Buda Castle falls to the Ottomans; Hungary is partitioned and shared by three separate groups: the Turks, the Habsburgs and the Transylvanian princes. 1686 Austrian and Hungarian forces backed by the Polish army liberate Buda from the Turks; peace is signed with the Ottomans at Karlowitz (now in Serbia) 13 years later. 1703–11 Ferenc Rákóczi II fights and loses a war of independence against the Habsburgs; he is given asylum in Thrace by the Turkish Sultan Ahmet III. 1795 Seven pro-republican Jacobites, including the group's leader Ignác Martonovics, are beheaded at Vérmező (Blood Meadow) in Buda for plotting against the Habsburg throne. 1848–49 During the War of Independence, poet Sándor Petőfi dies fighting, Lajos Batthyány and 13 of his generals are executed for their roles and Lajos Kossuth goes into exile. 1867 The Act of Compromise creates the Dual Monarchy of Austria (the empire), based in Vienna, and Hungary (the kingdom), with its seat at Budapest. 1896 The millennium of the Magyar 'conquest' of the Carpathian Basin is marked by a major exhibition in City Park that attracts four million people over six months. 1918 Austria-Hungary loses WWI in November and its political system collapses; Hungary declares itself a republic under the leadership of Count Mihály Károlyi. 1919 Béla Kun's Republic of Councils, the world's second communist government after the Soviet Union's, lasts for five months until Kun is driven into exile by the Romanian army. 1920 Treaty of Trianon carves up much of Central Europe, reducing Hungary's territory by almost two-thirds and enlarging the ethnic Hungarian populations in Romania, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia. 1939 Nazi Germany invades Poland; Britain and France declare war on Germany two days later but Hungary remains neutral for two years when it joins the Axis led by Germany and Italy. 1944 Germany invades and occupies Hungary; most Hungarian Jews, who had largely been able to avoid persecution under strongman Miklós Horthy, are deported to Nazi concentration camps. 1945 Budapest is liberated by the Soviet army in April, a month before full victory in Europe, with three-quarters of its buildings and all of its bridges in ruins. 1949 The communists, now in complete control, announce the formation of the 'People's Republic of Hungary'; Stalinist show trials of 'Titoists' and other 'enemies of the people' begin. 1956 Budapest is in flames after riots in October; Hungary briefly withdraws from the Warsaw Pact and proclaims its neutrality but the status quo is restored and János Kádár installed as leader. 1958 Imre Nagy and others are executed by the communist regime for their role in the uprising and buried in unmarked graves in Budapest's New Municipal Cemetery. 1963 Amnesty is extended to those involved in the 1956 Uprising by the communist government after a UN resolution condemning the suppression of the rebellion is struck from the agenda. 1968 Plans for a liberalised economy are introduced in an attempt to overcome the inefficiencies of central planning but are rejected as too extreme by conservatives. 1978 The Crown of St Stephen is returned to Hungary from the USA, where it had been held at Fort Knox in Kentucky for safekeeping since the end of WWII. 1988 János Kádár is forced to retire in May after more than three decades in power; he dies and is buried in Budapest's Kerepesi Cemetery the following year. 1989 The electrified fence separating Hungary and Austria is removed in July; communist power is relinquished; the Republic of Hungary

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to the tune of taylor swift (complete with dance moves) Chef Crawford prepared pasta for us in several ways. First we enjoyed a duo of rotini with marinara sauce and spaghetti with basil pesto. Sooo good! I finished every last bite, which shows that healthy eating doesn't have to be boring - Catelli's Ancient Grains pasta tastes great and delivers a ton of nutritional benefits. In fact, I liked the taste and texture better than regular whole wheat pasta. This Ancient Grains pasta will be my new go-to choice for delicious and healthy dinners (or lunches... or any other time I need some pasta!) After Chef Crawford's cooking demo we moved into smaller groups to try our hands at preparing 'Chilled Noodle Salad with Ginger Wasabi Dressing' using Ancient Grains Spaghettini. It had a ton of fresh, crunchy vegetables and the noodles held up really well to the zippy dressing. I'll definitely be making this one again - in fact I'm already imagining enjoying this tasty salad by the bowlful for summer evening dinners on the patio. Chilled Noodle Salad with Ginger Wasabi Dressing 1 pkg Catelli Ancient Grains Spaghettini 2 cups snowpeas, blanced in hot water, then thinly sliced on a diagonal 1 cup shelled edamame beans 1 cup red pepper, cut into matchsticks 1 small long english cucumber, seeded and thinly sliced 2 cups napa cabbage, finely shredded 3 green onions, thinly sliced 1/4 cup seasoned rice vinegar 3 tbsp canola oil 2 tbsp soy sauce 1 tsp lemon zest 2 tbsp lemon juice 2 tsp brown sugar 2 tsp sesame oil 2 tsp fresh grated ginger wasabi to taste 1 ripe avocado, sliced 1/4 cup fresh cilantro leaves 2 tbsp black sesame seeds Prepare the pasta according to the directions on the package. Rinse with cold water and drain well. Toss with a few tbsp of canola oil and set aside. While the pasta is cooking, prepare all the vegetables. Add the rice vinegar, canola oil, soy sauce, lemon zest & juice, brown sugar, sesame oil, ginger and wasabi into a jar with a lid (or something similar). Shake everything together until mixed well. (According to Chef Crawford shaking is better than mixing, especially if you're dancing at the same time). Toss the salad dressing with all of the prepared vegetables. Put into a large serving bowl and top with avocado slices, cilantro leaves and black sesame seeds. The event was held at Get Cooking. Their kitchen is beautiful! All of the staff were so friendly and helpful. Get Cooking prepared several appetizers for us and everything was super tasty. I loved the chickpea pancake with kale on top and the beet macaron with hummus filling. This was the first time I had heard of Get Cooking, but I'd love to go back and take one of their cooking classes some time. Messy Little Cook Test Hi, I'm Courtenay. I truly am the 'Messy Little Cook' - there's sure to be a mountain of dirty dishes and flour all over the place whenever I'm playing in the kitchen. I also love writing about restaurants, other foodie stuff and travel (when I get the chance). Looking for something? To Follow me on Pinterest or Instagram click on the icons below: Two little ballerinas 💕 #mayowskifamily Walking my big girl to the school bus ☀️#beautifulfallmorning #mayowskifamily Camping in Banff for the long weekend 💕 We played, paddleboarded, hiked to the tea house, ate ice cream, roasted marshmallows and had a great time together as a family. #mayowskifamilycamping #campingwithkids #banffnationalpark #getoutside #mayowskifamily In that last video of Hannah, the first time (off camera) she told me she loved s'mores more than me 🥺 she's working on being funny - and it actually is pretty funny Huge THANKS to @bagelbar.yeg and @derosebrosmeats for the bagels, cream cheese, sandwiches and tots!! I won their giveaway earlier this summer and picked it up today to share with my team at work 🤤🤤🤤 everything was thoroughly enjoyed 👍 Happy Grade 1 Hannah! #firstdayofschool #yegkids #mayowskifamily The last camping adventure of the year has begun. Tonight we're hanging out under the romantic lights of...the Bass Pro shop parking lot and listening to the soothing sounds of QE2 traffic 🙃 #parkinglotcamping #mayowskifamily Today is our 10th anniversary ♥️ So I'm sharing 10 of my memories from our wedding day. A walk down memory lane, August 21, 2009 1) So unbelievably happy to married to this guy 😍 2) Getting ready with our moms, my sister and future sister-in-law. It felt like the greatest game of dress-up ever. I loved my wedding dress and veil 3) Walking down the aisle with my parents. I wish I could go back in time to slow this moment down. I could feel their love, support and pride 4) Seeing Trevor waiting for me at the end of the aisle. My heart was filled with butterflies, but I couldn't wait to be there with him 5) Crying while saying my vows. I knew I would cry - I'm surprised I actually got through it 6) You may kiss the bride! I made Trev practice "the kiss" before the wedding 😘 7) So greatful for our family and friends who celebrated with us 8) We slipped into the Winspear auditorium for a few photos before the reception. It felt glamorous and special to stand on the stage under the lights. While Kelsy was taking our photos the man tuning the organ was also snapping our pic 9) I surprised Trevor with an extra wedding cake (chocolate mint flavor) to apologize for my bridezilla moment when I told him that was not an acceptable wedding cake flavor 😂 everyone loved the chocolate mint cake 10) Hanging out in downtown Edmonton taking pictures with my favorite people. Everyone else was good at the sexy/serious face...me, not so much, haha. I just couldn't hide my huge smile. Happy anniversary Trevor, I love you forever ♥️ 📸@kelsynielson @edmontonfamilyphotographer #tenthanniversary #weddingmemories #yegweddings #husbandandwife #10yearslater #mayowskifamily Trev made an excellent dinner of mussels in wine with homemade mayo and oven fries. The kids devoured everything. My feeding-therapist heart was glowing with pride as the kids gobbled down the mussels and asked for more (even though this kind of thing doesn't happen all the time) #adventurouseaters #dadmadedinner #foodiekids We're really good at family pictures 🤦#mayowskifamily Checking out the playground Trev used to play on when he was a kid, feeding Rose the Squirrel (as named by the kids) and one last popsicle before the long drive home #mayowskifamily More beach and s'mores please! #campingincanada #mayowskifamily Nate was so excited to take me for a ride on the board, he was shouting take my picture, it's my first paddle! Once the kiddos were asleep Trev and I got to enjoy a sunset walk along the lake #mayowskifamily Family camping trip to Kimball Lake. The mornings were cool, but the afternoons were warm enough to enjoy the beautiful beach. My nature kids loved it #mayowskifamily/*************************************************************** * * Copyright (C) 1990-2007, Condor Team, Computer Sciences Department, * University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you * may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may * obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. * ***************************************************************/ #include "condor_common.h" #include "condor_config.h" #include "condor_attributes.h" #include "condor_commands.h" #include "daemon.h" #include "dc_starter.h" int sendCmd( const char* starter_addr ); int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) { config(); switch( argc ) { case

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mow what was in the middle before, had to line trim.. i'm just glad i will be able to spend less time mowing, and i'm not looking at a bunch of dirt and rocks. just gonna have to deal with ugly burnt up fescue in the summer. but i can deal with that. i would put money into a walkbehind or tank sprayer before i did this backyard. the wife likes it, so i guess thats always a plus. Quote: Originally Posted by suzook It looks pretty good to me. The one thing that does look odd is that bed...kinda strange where it is. when should i mow this new fescue?? its been right at 20 days, its 4 inches high in some spots. i went over it with more seed because its patchy.. will see what happens. worried that its gonna get to high. mabee i should have waited till it was mowed once.. feel like i don't have much time left anyway, first frost will be here before we know it. Inzane, I am in the exact same boat as you. I am at day 20 today. I seeded at 8 lbs. it looks great from a distance but up close it's thin. A few area look better than others. The good areas are 4 inches. I am wondering if I should cut it this week and spread more seed at half the rate. Being that it's a bunch grass I am scared ti over do it. i'm 23 days out. today it looks a little better. some of the additional seed i put out is sprouting a bit. the week of heavy rain we had last week didn't help to much, the area on right slopes down, and the water washed some of the new grass out a bit, its kinda matted down.. i backed off my watering some. i guess i'm gonna get the sprinkler out every 3rd day and just continue to mist the thinner areas i overseeded once or twice daily.. i'm not expecting much out of this lawn by the looks of it. first time seeding one from scratch, and probally gonna be the last Quote: Originally Posted by Kawizx62003 Inzane, I am in the exact same boat as you. I am at day 20 today. I seeded at 8 lbs. it looks great from a distance but up close it's thin. A few area look better than others. The good areas are 4 inches. I am wondering if I should cut it this week and spread more seed at half the rate. Being that it's a bunch grass I am scared ti over do it.Q: Serializing Java objects to xml and back (XML configuration) I am looking for a XML serialization framework which has an option for a XML configuration instead of annotation to name classes and fields. I looked at Simple and XStream but I didn't find a method to do it. I suppose I could use Spring IOC and XStreams aliasing, but if there's any frameworks, which could do this for me, it would of course be better :) A: JiBX is a Java to XML Binding framework in which you can use XML bindings. The XML is a bit verbose and can sometimes be a little hard to manage, but that can be true of any XML configuration. I know you said you've looked at xstream, but some xstream configuration can be done through code (not configuration, but through configuring the xstream object, for example, omitting fields). I'm not sure if that's enough for you, but you can do some things without the annotations. Relating the MNA Mobility Single Item to Usual Walking Speed in Hospitalized and Community-Dwelling Geriatric Patients. Usual walking speed (WS) is a relatively easy and reproducible tool for detecting mobility impairment. For some reasons, however, geriatric patients might not be able to perform walking tests. Therefore, a subjective assessment could be an alternative method to screen for mobility impairment. In the present paper, we explore the use of the mobility item from the Mini Nutritional Assessment-short form (MNA-sf) to assess mobility and its congruence with walking speed in hospitalized and ambulatory patients. We analyzed retrospective data from 357 patients and found a highly significant correlation between WS and the MNA-sf mobility item. After dichotomization of the MNA-sf mobility score (mobility impairment ≤1 and no impairment >1), AUC for ROC curves showed that the mobility item derived from the MNA-sf reflects fairly well the mobility of geriatric hospitalized patients (AUC = 0.773), while it performs better in ambulatory patients (AUC = 0.838).Q: std::unique_ptr and pointer-to-pointer I've been using std::unique_ptr to store some COM resources, and provided a custom deleter function. However, many of the COM functions want pointer-to-pointer. Right now, I'm using the implementation detail of _Myptr, in my compiler. Is it going to break unique_ptr to be accessing this data member directly, or should I store a gajillion temporary pointers to construct unique_ptr rvalues from? A: COM objects are reference-countable by their nature, so you shouldn't use anything except reference-counting smart pointers like ATL::CComPtr or _com_ptr_t even if it seems inappropriate for your usecase (I fully understand your concerns, I just think you assign too much weight to them). Both classes are designed to be used in all valid scenarios that arise when COM objects are used, including obtaining the pointer-to-pointer. Yes, that's a bit too much functionality, but if you don't expect any specific negative consequences you can't tolerate you should just use those classes - they are designed exactly for this purpose. A: I've had to tackle the same problem not too long ago, and I came up with two different solutions: The first was a simple wrapper that encapsulated a 'writeable' pointer and could be std::moved into my smart pointer. This is just a little more convenient that using the temp pointers you are mentioning, since you cannot define the type directly at the call-site. Therefore, I didn't stick with that. So what I did was a Retrieve helper-function that would get the COM function and return my smart-pointer (and do all the temporary pointer stuff internally). Now this trivially works with free-functions that only have a single T** parameter. If you want to use this on something more complex, you can just pass in the call via std::bind and only leave the pointer-to-be-returned free. I know that this is not directly what you're asking, but I think it's a neat solution to the problem you're having. As a side note, I'd prefer boost's intrusive_ptr instead of std::unique_ptr, but that's a matter of taste, as always. Edit: Here's some sample code that's transferred from my version using boost::intrusive_ptr (so it might not work out-of-the box with unique_ptr) template <class T, class PtrType, class PtrDel> HRESULT retrieve(T func, std::unique_ptr<PtrType, PtrDel>& ptr) { ElementType* raw_ptr=nullptr; HRESULT result = func(&raw_ptr); ptr.reset(raw_ptr); return result; } For example, it can be used like this: std::unique_ptr<IFileDialog, ComDeleter> FileDialog; /*...*/ using std::bind; using namespace std::placeholders; std::unique_ptr<IShellItem, ComDeleter> ShellItem; HRESULT status = retrieve(bind(&IFileDialog::GetResult, FileDialog, _1), ShellItem); For bonus points, you can even let retrieve return the unique_ptr instead of taking it by reference. The functor that bind generates should have signature typedefs to derive the pointer type. You can then throw an exception if you get a bad HRESULT. A critical note on psychophysiological stress research into migraine patients. The psychophysiological stress paradigm has been applied to detect pathways through which stress can induce migraine. We propose that the negative and inconsistent findings of previous studies can be ascribed to the restricted psychophysiological scope of these experiments, to insufficient operationalization of the concepts of stress, and to the lack of attention paid to the presence or absence of an attack after a stressful situation. Our present state of knowledge on the pathophysiology of migraine should form the basis for future psychophysiological research, which should focus on patients who are actually stressed and develop an attack afterwards.Thread Tools A dear friend passed yesterday morning in Hospice, initially hospitalized for a ruptured aorta couple of weeks ago. Great difficulty recovering, clots in his legs, respiratory issues and a host of other medical issues. On Monday they moved him to a Hospice facility and yesterday he passed, peacefully. I did not share longevity with him, but what we did share were lots of commonalities in our personal lives and every conversation we had was sincere and heartfelt. He was a lot of things, but his main passions were music and restoring his VW bus. He was one of the people we encounter who we bond instantly with, and he will always be in my heart.. RIP Bish, you were a very good man. I am sorry for the loss of your friend, Darryl.

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$ the space of all homogeneous linear polynomials on $d$ variables of degree one satisfied by the coordinates of $X$. Applying a unitary we can always assume that $\cL_X$ is spanned by $z_k,\ldots,z_d$. In [@3S] Salomon, Shalit and the author have defined the notion of a matrix span of a set of points $\cS \subset \M_d$. Recall that the matrix span of a set $\cS$ is defined via $${\operatorname{mat-span}}(\cS)(n) = {\operatorname{Span}}\left\{ \left(I_d \otimes T \right)(X) \mid X \in \cS(n),\, T \in \cL(M_n) \right\}.$$ Here $\cL(M_n)$ stands for the linear operators on $M_n(\C)$ and for each $T \in \cL(M_n)$ we have $\left( I_d \otimes T\right)(X) = \left(T(X_1), \ldots, T(X_d)\right)$. \[lem:mat-span\] If $\cS = \{X\}$ for $X \in \M_d(n)$, then ${\operatorname{mat-span}}(\cS)(n)$ is precisely the set of points $Z \in M_d(n)$, such that $\cL_X \subset \cL_Z$. First, let us assume that $\cL_X = \{0\}$, i.e, the coordinates of $X$ are linearly independent. Then applying linear transformations $T \in \cL(M_n)$ coordinate-wise, we can get any point in $\M_d(n)$ and thus we are done. Now assume that $X = \left(X_1,\ldots,X_{k-1},0,\ldots,0 \right)$, with $X_1,\ldots,X_{k-1}$ linearly independent. As in the previous case we can get by applying linear transformations coordinate-wise any point of the form $Z = \left(Z_1,\ldots,Z_{k-1},0,\ldots,0\right)$. In particular, every such point satisfies $\cL_X \subset \cL_Z$. Applying a linear transformation on the coordinates just changes bases in the spaces of linear polynomials and thus the above statement is true for any $X$. To prove the converse inclusion observe that if $Z \in {\operatorname{mat-span}}(\cS)(n)$, then there exist a linear transformation $T \in \cL(M_n)$, such that $$Z = \left( I_d \otimes T \right)(X) = \left(T(X_1),\ldots,T(X_d)\right).$$ Hence if $p = \sum_{j=1}^d \alpha_j z_j \in \cL_X$, then by linearity $p(Z) = T(p(X)) = 0$ and thus $p \in \cL_Z$. \[prop:fixed\_level\_1\] If $f$ is an nc self-map of $\fB_d$, such that $f$ fixes the subspace of points of the form $(z_1,\ldots,z_{k-1},0,\ldots,0)$ in $\fB_d(1)$, for $k > 2$, then $f$ fixes all points of the form $(Z_1,\ldots,Z_{k-1},0,\ldots,0)$. By Lemma \[lem:one-dim\_fixed\] we know that the points $(Z_1,0,\ldots,0)$, $(0,\ldots,0,Z_{k-1},0,\ldots,0)$ are fixed by $f$. Now [@3S Lemma 8.1] implies that $\Delta f(0,0)$ fixes the matrix span of these points and thus fixes all points of the form $(Z_1,\ldots,Z_{k-1},0,\ldots,0)$. Consider the $n$-th level $\fB_d(n)$. Let $Z = (Z_1,\ldots,Z_{k-1},0,\ldots,0)$ be a point such that $Z/\|Z\|$ is coisometric. As was mentioned there is a unique geodesic passing between $0$ and $Z$ and it is just the disc through the two points. Additionally, the above argument shows that $\Delta f(0,0)(Z) = Z$ and it is the derivative of $f$ at the origin on level $n$. Applying Lemma \[lem:der\_fix\_coisom\] we get that the geodesic $w \mapsto w Z$ is fixed by $f$. By Lemma \[lem:similar\_to\_coisometry\] every generic point of the form $(X_1,\ldots,X_{k-1},0,\ldots,0)$ is similar to such a $Z$ we conclude that every generic point of this form is fixed. Since $k > 2$ the generic points are dense in the set of all points of this form and thus the entire set is fixed. This proposition combined with Lemma \[lem:one-dim\_fixed\] gives us the following corollary. \[cor:fixed\_subspace\] Let $f \colon \fB_d \to \fB_d$ be an nc-map, such that $f(0) = 0$. Let $V(1)$ be the fixed point set of $f$ on the first level. Set $V(n) \subset \fB_d(n)$ the subspace of matrices, such that their coordinates satisfy the linear relations of $V(1)$ and $V = \sqcup_{n = 1}^{\infty} V(n)$. Then $f$ fixes $V$. \[prop:fixes\_lin\_independent\_point\] Let $f \colon \fB_d \to \fB_d$ be an nc-map, such that $f(0) = 0$. If there exists a generic point $X \in \fB_d(n)$, such that $f(X) = X$, then $f(Z) = Z$, for every $Z \in \fB_d$, such that $\cL_X \subset \cL_Z$. In particular, if the coordinates of $X$ are linearly independent, i.e., $\cL_X = \{0\}$, then $f$ is the identity map. Since $f$ is nc and it fixes $X$, it is forced to fix the similarity orbit of $X$ in the ball, namely $\left(\GL_n(\C) \cdot X \right) \cap \fB_d(n)$. By Lemma \[lem:similar\_to\_coisometry\] the similarity orbit contains a point $Y$, such that $Y/\|Y\|$ is a coisometry. Note that $Y$ is also generic and $\cL_Y = \cL_X$, since the action of $\GL_n(\C)$ is linear. By [@Vig84 Corollary 4.2] we have that there exists a complex geodesic consisting of fixed points of $f$ that connects $0$ to $Y$. Since $Y/\|Y\|$ is a coisometry and thus a complex extreme point on the boundary, this geodesic is necessarily $z \mapsto z Y/\|Y\|$. Thus, in particular, the derivative of $f$ at $0$ fixes this line as well. Since $f$ is an nc map, the derivative at $0$ is $\Delta f (0,0) \otimes I_{M_n}$ and it fixes the line $z Y$. By [@3S Lemma 8.1] we have that it must fix the intersection of the matrix span of $Y$ with the ball. As above we may assume that $Y = (Y_1,\ldots, Y_{k-1},0,\ldots,0)$, with $k > 2$ and $Y_1,\ldots, Y_{k-1}$ linearly independent. By Lemma \[lem:mat-span\] the matrix span of $Y$ on level $n$ is precisely the set of all points of the form $(Z_1,\ldots,Z_{k-1},0,\ldots,0)$, i.e., $\cL_Y \subset \cL_Z$. Now as in the proof of Proposition \[prop:fixed\_level\_1\], since the $\Delta f(0,0)$ fixes the matrix span of $Y$. Applying again Lemmas \[lem:der\_fix\_coisom\] and \[lem:similar\_to\_coisometry\] and using the density of the generic points we obtain that all of the points of the form $\left(Z_1,\ldots,Z_{k-1},0,\ldots,0\right)$ are fixed by $f$. In particular, if the coordinates of $X$ are linearly independent, then the coordinates of $Y$ are linearly independent and it implies that the derivative fixes $\fB_d(n)$. By the free version of Cartan’s theorem (see [@McT16], [@Popescu10] and [@3S]). We conclude that $f$ is the identity. The above lemma is the noncommutative analog of a claim from [@Rudin] that the fixed points of a holomorphic map $f \colon \B_d \to \B_d$,

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unfair competition claims seeking a permanent injunction. In the first prong of the test for determining federal trademark infringement, there was no dispute that Beyoncé’s mark was protectable as a matter of law. In the second prong, the court looked to whether there was undisputed evidence that confusion was likely. Although the marks were extremely similar in text, font and pronunciation, the use of the letter “F” in “FEYONCÉ” turned the mark into a play on words to sound like “fiancé,” a pun which the court found could dispel consumer confusion. Judge Nathan analogized the issue to those decided in a 1993 Seventh Circuit case, Nike, Inc. v. “Just Did It” Enterprises. In that case, products featuring the word “MIKE” with a swoosh design which Nike alleged infringed upon its trademarks didn’t infringe as the pun in the design was sufficient to dispel confusion among consumers. “Evidence in the record indicates that many purchasers of FEYONCÉ products are, in fact, engaged, just as many MIKE product purchasers were named Mike,” Judge Nathan’s opinion reads. A rational trier of fact could still conclude that there was consumer confusion, and several Polaroid factors did weigh in favor of finding a likelihood of confusion, but that wasn’t a conclusion that the court could make as a matter of law on summary judgment. The pun between “FEYONCÉ” and “fiancé” also helped the defendants survive the other motions for trademark dilution and unfair competition. On the dilution claim, the court cited to the Second Circuit’s 1996 decision in Hormel Foods Corp. v. Jim Henson Productions, Inc. which found that parody tends to increase rather than undermine the public identification of the public mark. Plaintiffs’ claims of unfair competition also failed at summary judgment because the likelihood of confusion between the marks couldn’t be established. Because triable issues of fact remain, Judge Nathan also denied Beyoncé’s motion for permanent injunction. This isn’t the only interesting trademark matter which has involved Beyoncé in recent months. Beyoncé’s attempts to trademark the name of her daughter Blue Ivy have been thwarted in large part by an opposition filed by a Boston, MA-area event planning firm using the same name. The pop singer has also tried to trademark the names of her twins Rumi and Sir Carter but information on the record in the Blue Ivy case has raised the question of whether Beyoncé and her husband Jay-Z are committing fraud on the USPTO by applying for trademarks without a legitimate intent to use the marks in commerce. Image Source: Deposit Photos.Q: How can I light a staged showroom interior, where there is no ceiling to bounce light from? Now that I have successfully shot some home interiors, I now have an assignment to shoot a showroom! It looks like a typical house; kitchen, bathroom, bedroom, etc. The only difference is there's no white ceiling where I can bounce my off-camera speedlight. The good news is, unlike most real homes, the showroom has fully working light bulbs. My lighting equipment is limited to 2 naked speedlights (I don't have umbrellas/softboxes). Should I just forget about it and go the multiple exposure route? A: If the place has no ceiling, bring your own. White cardboard is an obvious cheap one. Styrofoam is lightweight and holds its shape better than cardboard (depending on the thickness of your cardboard. Any "professional" reflector will make you look more professional, but at a cost. For some clients it could be bad to show up with some cardboard. "Are you charging us for using the cardboard you took from our garbage?" To hold it in place, either use a stand or yourself. This largely depends how you want to bounce the light. The cone of light from your flash increases in diameter, which means you need a larger reflect the higher you want to hold it. Speaking of which: to determine the size of the reflector, take a few test shots at home in your usual setup but photograph a mirror. This way you can see the area on the ceiling that the flash bounces off. Depending on the zoom setting and the ceiling height you will find the area to be rather large (heck, that's the whole point of it and what makes the images look so good) You will most likely not be able to get all of this with your smaller reflector. The result will not be the same as using the ceiling, but depending on the reflector you can probably still achieve good results with it. Prepare as much as possible at home, but most importantly: communicate the situation with your client. They are not photographers. They do not know that a white ceiling is important for your work. They want nice looking images and I see no reason why they would not want to help you. Maybe they have some equipment for their showrooms to hold up the reflector. Depending on the time schedule and deadline, offer to take a limited set of images for a smaller price beforehand. this allows you to make yourself familiar with the situation and they don't have to go all-in on somebody who has not too much experience with this. If they like the images, do the rest. This also gives you and them time to think about the images of the first session and do things differently in the second session. It's not like you have one huge chunk of images and then they are like "...oh, you know what would be cool..." Information to help workersfacing layoffExperiencing a layoff is often the most difficult experience a workerwill face during their career. During layoff, SPEEA is working andavailable to help represented employees with information, resourcesand assistance with the benefits they have earned.Click on the links below to learn more.Useful links:LONDON — Google says it's now carrying real-time quotes from major stock exchanges in Britain, Italy and Germany. The company says in a blog post that it is publishing live data from the London Stock Exchange, Deutsche Boerse and Borsa Italia. Google Inc. first introduced real-time quotes to its website in 2008 following deals with the New York Stock Exchange and Nasdaq. The blog post on Tuesday said the Mountainview, Calif.-based, company also carries real-time data from China and India. Financial terms weren't disclosed. Emails to Google seeking further comment on the deal weren't immediately returned.Cinnamon for Diabetes: It Helps … a Little There may be no harm in adding cinnamon to your diabetes regimen, but does it really help? A small clinical trial used a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind design to test the effects of daily intake of 2 g of cinnamon on A1c (glycated hemoglobin), blood pressure, and lipid profiles. From 3 sites within the United Kingdom, 58 patients with Type 2 diabetes and A1c > 7% on oral antihyperglycemic medication were randomly assigned to receive either cinnamon (n = 30) or placebo (n = 28) for 12 weeks. A1c, fasting glucose, high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), triglycerides, as well as body weight, body mass index and waist circumference were measured at study entry and again at 12 weeks after the intervention. Patients were 55 years old and most (57%) were Asian/Asian British (Indians/Pakistani/Bangladeshi), while another 26% were black. Although all were receiving oral antihyperglycemics, 76% were on metformin monotherapy, only 34% were receiving antihypertensives, and 33% were taking statins. At baseline, the groups did not differ on any of the clinical measures of interest, with mean A1c of about 8.4% and mean blood pressure of about 133/86 mm Hg. However, after 12 weeks, A1c decreased by 0.36% in the cinnamon group vs. a 0.12% increase in the placebo group (P = .002). Changes in systolic (-4 mm Hg vs. +1 mm Hg, P < .001) and diastolic (-4 mm Hg vs. -1 mm Hg, P < .001) blood pressure also favored the cinnamon group. Nonsignificant differences in body weight (-2.9% vs. -0.5%, P = .183) and waist circumference (-2.4 cm vs. -0.6 cm, P = .354) were also observed. The sale of dietary supplements is a multibillion dollar industry that is mainly comprised of products that have not undergone rigorous scientific testing to validate their effectiveness claims. Patients with diabetes are 1.6 times more likely to use dietary supplements or other forms of complementary and alternative medicine, and a number of products are believed to reduce hyperglycemia. One such product is cinnamon. Although a previous study found that cinnamon reduced fasting glucose, a meta-analysis of 5 trials did not find a reduction in A1c with cinnamon intake. The apparent A1c and blood pressure benefits reported in the current study were relatively small, the trial was of short duration, and the study population was also somewhat atypical. In any case, it remains to be seen whether these results can be achieved in a more representative sample and sustained over a longer period. The weight and waist circumference results were interesting but nonsignificant. Perhaps more importantly, the patients in this study appeared to be undertreated. Far more should probably be receiving antihypertensives, especially angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, statins, and a second antihyperglycemic agent as well. If there is a limit to the number of pills an individual is willing to

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some of the restless energy that had made listening to him an exhausting experience. I felt that he was nearing the crisis at the heart of his story, and that he knew, at some level of his being, that to continue would be to confront the true depths of his illness. I was not disappointed. "Abiha stayed for one hour," Gordon told me. "She assured me that she was not a spirit from beyond the grave, and that she was no more or less human than I. She said that she had journeyed to our world from another, one called Surobia, although that was not the place of her birth. That was yet another world, Arora, which she had left more than a year ago—to explore, she said, like some female Livingstone. These other worlds she spoke of are not transcendental dimensions or Heaven's empty halls, apparently. They orbit the sun as the earth does, home to animals and plants and civilizations like ours. Sometimes they approach one another, and for periods lasting around a fortnight, which Abiha described as 'congress,' those few individuals who have the trick of it can make the crossing. "Yes, Michaels, raise your eyebrows. I won't deny I did the same at first. Where are these worlds, exactly? If they were as real as she claimed, would we not see them through our telescopes and feel their effects in our world's stately progression about the sun? But as she talked, I remembered the alchemists of old and their insistence that this world was not the only one of human experience. I thought of the ice ages and the various other cataclysms that have befallen our changeable Earth. What if there truly are such worlds in a reality alongside ours, orbiting a sun that exists in all realities? What if the ancients were right and we moderns so very, very wrong? "Take Philolaus. He imagined a Central Fire that bright Sol orbited, and about which another Earth, the Antichthon, also circled, forever hidden from us. Then there are the levels and spheres of Cabalism, all reaching out from a central, fiery point. What about the Heart of the Sun in Uthman ibn Suwaid's Turba Philosophorum? Or Hermes Trismegistus's Utmost Body, that alchemists could fly to with the Philosopher's Stone?" I cut across his lecture—almost a sermon, such was the intensity with which he spoke—to convey my surprise that a man of science could place any faith at all in the ravings of lunatics and mystics. Hadn't their theories been proven wrong centuries ago, or exposed as the carefully encoded ceremonies of a depraved cult of sensualists? "Sir Isaac Newton was an alchemist," Gordon responded. "Did you know that? The man who gave us calculus and the laws of gravitation, perhaps the greatest scientist who ever lived—he would scoff at your skepticism, sir, and with good reason, I think. "And as for the allegation of copulation, well—all the alchemists I've spoken of believed in the union of the sexes and the power it unleashes, so perhaps there is something to that too. Take Asclepius, or Kulacudamani Tantra and the Realized Ones of the tantric arts, or The Yellow Emperor's Canon of the Nine-Vessel Spiritual Elixir—look them up yourself if you don't believe me!" Needless to say, Inspector Berkeley, I have not done so. I am no prude, but I have no use for the ravings of charlatans. I was, however, keenly aware of the word congress in the context of Doctor Gordon's narration, and the close relation between its appearance and that of the mysterious other woman. His description of her spoke volumes, as did his confusion of intellect with passion, and his willingness to drug his wife in order to conduct an illicit nocturnal rendezvous in his laboratory. It seemed clear to me, then, what dark truth his own mind could not yet bear to look at directly. I gave him a moment to compose himself, then asked that he tell me all that had transpired between him and the nocturnal, exotic Abiha. AS BEST I can remember (he said) this is it. "We all of us, Doctor Gordon, have places of significance," she said. "Mine are the workshops of men like you, great thinkers who propel our species out of the darkness of ignorance and into the light of the intellect. I am drawn to such places and to the work performed there. That is why I have come to you. I felt the power of your experiments rippling out across the Helioverse, calling me to you. "No, do not speak. Listen first. You have evidently mastered the art to some degree, or I would never have found you, congress or no congress, and I see by the books you have assembled that you are treading in the footsteps of great men—and great women, too. Sex is no impediment to inspiration, as your research will have revealed to you, I hope. "Soon our worlds will diverge once more, and I have therefore only a brief opportunity to examine your progress. I desire to know how far along the path you have come. Will you tell me? Will you hold nothing back? Knowledge shared is knowledge doubled, as we say on my world. Together we will travel much farther than apart." Thus she set me off into the very same presentation I gave to the Royal Institution, three days earlier. I prefaced it by describing my nightmare of a polluted world and my dream of the perfect means of transportation, at which she nodded most vigorously, her eyes alight with interest. I thought I had found the perfect audience—from whom I expected to learn much more in turn—and I roamed about the laboratory, gesticulating, and demonstrating each piece of equipment as I came to it. She followed me closely and did not interrupt, not even to ask questions about the more esoteric details of my theory. I mistook her attention for understanding, even approval. I did not notice her furrowed brow until my demonstration of the prototype flux duplicator, the core component of my dream transport system, concluded. "What is it?" I asked her. "Where have I erred? The theory is new, I know—I am, perhaps, the only person in this world who could understand it—but I am sure it is as familiar to you as a child's multiplication tables." "Familiar?" she said. "Hardly, Doctor Gordon. Machines mean nothing to me. I came here to see you, to hear about your work, not theirs. What set you off along this path? What strange occurrence? There must have been some kind of spatial bilocation to prove to you the possibility of this method." "Bilocation?" I echoed her in turn, and it felt suddenly as though we were speaking different languages. "Yes, a transference from locus to locus, possibly achieved by accident rather than design. You clearly know nothing of the Helioverse, but that doesn't rule out travel in this world alone. What is your significant location?" "I don't understand," I said, with utter frankness. "You don't? So what made you think you could ever enslave this talent to a mere device? Where is the practical principle that guided your research?" "In all honesty," I said, reminded of my ordeal at the Institute, "I possess nothing other than thought experiments, but I am close to demonstrating a functional circuit—" "A working execution-machine, you mean. It is guaranteed not to work." "But my theories—" "Your eddies in a river are marvellously metaphoric, Doctor Gordon, but you have failed to pursue them to their logical conclusion. What would happen if you froze an eddy long enough to re-create it? On being released from the icebox the eddy would dissolve into ordinary water, and you would be left with nothing. Put yourself through this contraption of yours, and you too would dissolve. Die, if you prefer. Better that these devices remain harmless trinkets, as I originally thought them to be, or you dismantle them and direct your efforts to more accomplishable aims." Abiha flicked the edge of one of my precious glass bells, making it chime a resonant, deep G. "I'm sorry, Doctor Gordon, but I beg you not to eradicate yourself in pursuit of a fundamentally flawed notion." I stared at her in shock and dawning horror. Could what she said really be true? "How do you travel, then," I asked her, "if not by machine?" "By will," she said, "and by art. That is all you need to swim the river of life." "Will you teach me?" She didn't answer immediately. On my desk lay a rare edition of the Picatrix, and she flicked through it as though seeking guidance. I sensed disappointment in her, along with disapproval, and waited anxiously for her response. I am a proud man, but I am not afraid to admit when I am wrong. A rigid mind is not a scientific mind. I would abandon all my research if it meant attaining the reality she had demonstrated to me that evening. My mind flew with the possibilities. World upon world upon world, all full of human life! She must not

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'; $sql .= ' WHERE {title} IN (\'0900\');'; $this->assertEqual($sql, $this->_db->renderCommand($query)); $sql = 'SELECT * FROM {mock_database_posts} AS {MockDatabasePost} WHERE '; $sql .= 'lower(title) = \'test\';'; $query = new Query([ 'type' => 'read', 'model' => $this->_model, 'conditions' => ['lower(title)' => 'test'] ]); $this->assertEqual($sql, $this->_db->renderCommand($query)); $query = new Query([ 'type' => 'read', 'model' => $this->_model, 'conditions' => [(object) 'lower(title) = \'test\''] ]); $this->assertEqual($sql, $this->_db->renderCommand($query)); $sql = 'SELECT * FROM {mock_database_posts} AS {MockDatabasePost} WHERE '; $sql .= 'lower(title) = REGEXP \'^test$\';'; $query = new Query([ 'type' => 'read', 'model' => $this->_model, 'conditions' => [(object) 'lower(title) = REGEXP \'^test$\''] ]); $this->assertEqual($sql, $this->_db->renderCommand($query)); $query = new Query([ 'type' => 'read', 'model' => $this->_model, 'conditions' => ['lower(title)' => (object) 'REGEXP \'^test$\''] ]); $this->assertEqual($sql, $this->_db->renderCommand($query)); } public function testHaving() { $query = new Query([ 'type' => 'read', 'model' => $this->_model, 'having' => [ 'or' => [ 'id' => 'value1', 'title' => 'value2', 'and' => [ 'author_id' => '1', 'created' => '2012-05-25 23:41:00' ], ['title' => 'value2'], ['title' => null] ], 'id' => '3', 'author_id' => false ] ]); $sql = "SELECT * FROM {mock_database_posts} AS {MockDatabasePost} HAVING "; $sql .= "({MockDatabasePost}.{id} = 0 OR {MockDatabasePost}.{title} = 'value2' OR "; $sql .= "({MockDatabasePost}.{author_id} = 1 AND {MockDatabasePost}.{created} = "; $sql .= "'2012-05-25 23:41:00') OR ({MockDatabasePost}.{title} = 'value2') OR "; $sql .= "({MockDatabasePost}.{title} IS NULL)) AND {MockDatabasePost}.{id} = 3 AND "; $sql .= "{MockDatabasePost}.{author_id} = 0;"; $this->assertEqual($sql, $this->_db->renderCommand($query)); $query = new Query([ 'type' => 'read', 'model' => $this->_model, 'having' => ['title' => ['0900']] ]); $sql = 'SELECT * FROM {mock_database_posts} AS {MockDatabasePost}'; $sql .= ' HAVING {title} IN (\'0900\');'; $this->assertEqual($sql, $this->_db->renderCommand($query)); } public function testConstraints() { $model = $this->_model; $query = new Query([ 'type' => 'read', 'model' => $this->_model, 'with' => [ 'MockDatabaseComment' => [ 'constraints' => [ 'or' => [ ['custom_id' => 'MockDatabasePost.value_id'], ['custom_id' => 'id'], 'and' => [ 'id' => 'MockDatabasePost.id', 'title' => 'MockDatabasePost.title' ], ['title' => (object) $this->_db->value('value2')], ['title' => null] ], 'id' => 5 ] ] ] ]); $sql = 'SELECT * FROM {mock_database_posts} AS {MockDatabasePost} LEFT JOIN '; $sql .= '{mock_database_comments} AS {MockDatabaseComment} ON '; $sql .= '(({MockDatabasePost}.{custom_id} = {MockDatabasePost}.{value_id}) OR '; $sql .= '({MockDatabasePost}.{custom_id} = {MockDatabaseComment}.{id}) OR '; $sql .= '({MockDatabasePost}.{id} = {MockDatabasePost}.{id} '; $sql .= 'AND {MockDatabasePost}.{title} = {MockDatabasePost}.{title}) '; $sql .= 'OR ({MockDatabasePost}.{title} = \'value2\') '; $sql .= 'OR ({MockDatabasePost}.{title} IS NULL)) AND {MockDatabasePost}.{id} = 5;'; $this->assertEqual($sql, $this->_db->renderCommand($query)); } public function testReadConditionsWithModel() { $model = $this->_model; $options = [ 'type' => 'read', 'model' => $this->_model, 'conditions' => ['id' => 1, 'MockDatabaseComment.id' => 2], 'with' => ['MockDatabaseComment'] ]; $result = $this->_db->read(new Query($options), $options); $expected = 'SELECT * FROM {mock_database_posts} AS {MockDatabasePost} LEFT JOIN '; $expected .= '{mock_database_comments} AS {MockDatabaseComment} ON '; $expected .= '{MockDatabasePost}.{id} = {MockDatabaseComment}.{mock_database_post_id} '; $expected .= 'WHERE {MockDatabasePost}.{id} = 1 AND {MockDatabaseComment}.{id} = 2;'; $this->assertEqual($expected, $this->_db->sql); } public function testFields() { $query = new Query([ 'type' => 'read', 'model' => $this->_model, 'with' => ['MockDatabaseComment'] ]); $fields = ['id', 'title']; $result = $this->_db->fields($fields, $query); $expected = '{MockDatabasePost}.{id}, {MockDatabasePost}.{title}'; $this->assertEqual($expected,$result); $fields = [ 'MockDatabasePost' => ['id', 'title', 'created'], 'MockDatabaseComment' => ['body'] ]; $result = $this->_db->fields($fields, $query); $expected = '{MockDatabasePost}.{id}, {MockDatabasePost}.{title},'; $expected .= ' {MockDatabasePost}.{created}, {MockDatabaseComment}.{body}'; $this->assertEqual($expected,$result); $fields = ['MockDatabasePost', 'MockDatabaseComment']; $result = $this->_db->fields($fields, $query); $expected = '{MockDatabasePost}.*, {MockDatabaseComment}.*'; $this->assertEqual($expected, $result); $fields = ['MockDatabasePost.id as idPost', 'MockDatabaseComment.id AS idComment']; $result = $this->_db->fields($fields, $query); $expected = '{MockDatabasePost}.{id} as idPost, {MockDatabaseComment}.{id} as idComment'; $this->assertEqual($expected, $result); $expected = ['' => ['idPost'], 'MockDatabaseComment' => ['idComment']]; $this->assertEqual($expected, $query->map()); $fields = [['count(MockDatabasePost.id)']]; $expected = 'count(MockDatabasePost.id)'; $result = $this->_db->fields($fields, $query); $this->assertEqual($expected, $result); $fields = [[(object) 'count(MockDatabasePost.id)']]; $expected = 'count(MockDatabasePost.id)'; $result = $this->_db->fields($fields, $query); $this->assertEqual($expected, $result); } public function testFieldsWithEmptyAlias() { $query =

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of protest inspired activists across the country to join the fight to ensure that health care is a human right. And despite his deteriorating physical condition, Ady has always projected boundless joy and optimism into the world—even as the Capitol Police repeatedly took him into custody for expressing radical acts of love through nonviolent civil disobedience. Current Issue View our current issue Today, Ady is continuing to help build a powerful grassroots movement to win Medicare for All. (Senator Sanders is the author of the Medicare for All Act of 2019.) Health care is the leading issue dominating the Democratic presidential primary campaign. A veteran organizer at the Center for Popular Democracy, Ady’s ability to combine strategic organizing with tactical action is extraordinary. He has exemplified social justice work on a national level, showing a path beyond retrenchment that connects a vision of transformative justice with grassroots activism. For many of us, Ady Barkan represents the moral center of the political revolution. “Ady taught me that no matter how difficult the circumstances are, we can’t give up, because so many are counting on us,” said Linda Sarsour, cofounder of the Women’s March. “In Ady’s world, every breath is sacred and used to make this world just a little better than we found it ” Ady’s catalytic confrontation with Senator Jeff Flake made national headlines, but did not end with a viral video. Instead, it sparked what would become an urgent national discussion about health care. Ady’s story resonated across party identification and ideology, because everyone in America knows what it’s like to have a family member who is ill. Since that fateful exchange with Senator Flake on the airplane, Barkan went on to launch the Be A Hero PAC, which has raised $4.5 million to defeat Maine Senator Susan Collins in favor of a progressive candidate. As his physical condition deteriorates, Ady continues to participate in civil disobedience. He’s been arrested in the US Capitol building half a dozen times, and earlier this year, I was by his side when he testified in support of Medicare for All. I was awestruck by Ady’s bravery and ability to articulate a clear set of demands to lawmakers about an issue that affects all of us. I was also furious. Furious because our health care system has failed Ady, and so many people in America. “This moment calls on us all to become organizers,” Ady wrote last November. “To be heroes for our communities and future generations. To talk to our less political friends, neighbors, classmates, and co-workers, and to enlist them in this experiment we call American democracy.”Q: What is a momentary SPST Push Button Switch? I want to buy a switch (push button) where you press it to break the circuit and then press again to connect the circuit. I believe that this is what I'm looking for: However, I'm not entirely sure. I only want to use this for a basic circuit, and I mean really basic, so don't worry about anything there. A: SPST NO (Normally Open) Momentary switch is exactly what is inside a computer keyboard - press for on, let go for off. It sounds like you are looking for a Latching switch (works like a ballpoint pen) instead of Momentary. If you can only find one with more poles or features (DPDT) it'll do the job - just ignore the extra features. A brief look shows this from the same seller, I suspect he has others... This invention relates to a novel archway apparatus which is useful for building in wilderness areas, access roads, such as logging roads and secondary roads, over waterways such as streams and creeks, while causing little or not impact to sensitive wilderness environment. Typical road building processes in wilderness areas require the use of culverts in watershed areas to enable water to flow under the roadways built in those areas. Such culverts are typically constructed of corrugated steel pipe (CSP) or polyethylene-(HDPE) pipe. Installing these culverts requires that the creek or stream bed be disturbed or altered. This silt disruption upsets the natural habitat of the creek bed and causes harmful silt to move downstream. This can damage sensitive fish (including salmon) spawning beds. Once a culvert is installed, further problems arise. Water flowing through the confined interior of the culvert has higher than normal velocity. This occurs particularly during high water levels. Water flowing from the outlet (downstream) side of the culvert is turbulent and causes erosion in the creek bed area downstream of the culvert. Furthermore, since movement of the water through the culvert is restricted, water tends to back-up on the inlet (upstream) side of the culvert. This can cause erosion on the banks upstream of the culvert. The use of corrugated steel pipe (CSP) in building road culverts has been widespread. Such culverts rust over time, thereby causing an unnatural form of iron oxide pollution in the streams. CSP pipes are usually galvanized with zinc to reduce rusting. However, the zinc, in itself, as a natural process of erosion, releases a certain amount of zinc metal toxins to the waterways. This is in addition to the rust that is imposed on the environment after the zinc galvanization has corroded away. In many cases, old rusted CSP installations deteriorate structurally in strength to a point where they must be replaced. Replacement further disturbs the creek and stream beds. Over the years, numerous attempts have been made to avert such damage to creek and stream beds. Furthermore, there has been increasing pressure to preserve the environment and provide a managed balance between industrial and recreation use and conservation of natural resources. The Federal Department of Fisheries and Oceans (D.F.O.) and the British Columbia Ministry of Environment are in the process of changing their policy so as not to allow the replacement of CSP culverts with any product that disrupts the stream or creek beds. See a complete report of these requirements: Harper, D.J. and Quigley, J. T. 2000. No Net Loss of Fish Habitat: An Audit of Forest Road Crossings of Fish-Bearing Streams in British Columbia, 1996-1999. Canadian Technical Report of Fish and Aquatic Sciences 2319 (a 44 page report identified as CTR 2319). Alternatives such as suspended wooden trestle bridges, arches of rolled plate steel, and culverts of HDPE cut in half, and, of late, a material similar to CSP, have been used to overcome the typical problems associated with road building in environmentally sensitive areas. However, some of these alternative systems are costly and span distances are limited. Steel structures of any design suffer from the problem of rusting and thus contamination. In most cases, it is necessary to use heavy equipment for placement of the new heavy structures. This causes further disruption. The Federal Government of Canada has embarked on a program known as xe2x80x9cHarmful Alterations, Disruption or Destruction of Fish Habitatxe2x80x9d(H.A.D.D.), 1998. A search of the art reveals that different culvert attempts and designs have been published. A recent design is the use of xc2xexe2x80x3 plate steel that has been developed by Sanders and Company Contracting Ltd., sold under the trade-mark ENVIRO-PIPES. A simple calculation of the weight of xc2xdxe2x80x3 plate steel confirms that a mobile crane is required to place this plate structure in a creek bed or remove this structure from the creek bed once the road requires decommissioning. Furthermore, a structure of this size would require a low bed and truck for transport to and from the installation site. Another product on the market comprises a non-corrugated plastic arch. This arch is discussed in the December 1999 issue of Forest Engineering Research Institute of Canadaxe2x80x94Eastern Division. This product is manufactured by KWH Pipe (Canada) Ltd. and is known as the KWH Arch. This product is available to a maximum diameter of 2.3 meters. Once the pipe is cut in half, it expands to 24% larger than its original diameter. Thus the structure becomes somewhat less than half-circle. Since there are no footings along the edges that contact the ground, and with the tension placed on the structure upon installation, the product would tend to sink or be depressed into the banks of the creek bed. This therefore causes further deflection of the pipe from its original less than half circle configuration and compromises the integrity of the structure. There is a real possibility of collapse of the structure under load. A further culvert product is supplied by Armtec Construction Products. Their product is called a xe2x80x9cMini Span Bridgexe2x80x9d. The Mini Span I has a maximum width of 1800 mm. The Mini Span is brought to the site as a one-piece assembled structure. The Mini Span II is available to a width of 3660 mm, making transport of this structure difficult and costly. Required footing and structural support demands trained installers and heavy equipment for installation. This product is also made of galvanized material and other steel components that require treatment to avoid rusting. An article by Soleno Inc. in the November/December 1999 issue of the Canadian Forest Industries describes a product referred to as xe2x80x9cSolArcxe2x80x9d. Installation of the SolArc product requires 8 to 10 cubic meters of logs (one load) to use

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mean threshold of 10 and standard deviation of 2.5, correlations between pairs of thresholds obtained with 100 reversals each are relatively stable, at 0.67, 0.7, and 0.65 for our 3 lapse rate conditions. This stability in correlations across differing lapse rates happens because lapses alter the mean of the probability distribution of thresholds, but not its relative standard deviation. Checking for consistency of reversal points within a staircase run is another intuitive potential approach to identifying data with lapses. However in the same simulation for 20 reversals, the standard deviation of reversal points was 5.2, 5.4 and 5.4, respectively, providing no information about the presence of the lapses. This probably happens because the range of reversal points is not extended by these lapses but is simply shifted (0% lapses, mean range 9.9–27.2; 5% lapses, 9.9–28.4; 10% lapses, 10.6–29.4). It is worth noting that the lapse rates tested here are purposefully conservative and probably don’t represent the poorest performance that is observed in some studies with children (see, for example, the plots in McArthur & Hogben, 2012). If a participant lapses consistently over a long period during a run of trials, for example, then the effects of this may be visible in the measures tested above. However, these measures clearly do not identify participants who lapse randomly at low rates, despite the impact that these lapses have on the measured threshold estimate. The problem of lapses in psychophysical data is therefore difficult to solve in a satisfying way. An alternative approach to measuring sensory sensitivity, which bypasses the need for obtaining behavioural response from participants, is to use neurophysiological measures. Mismatched negativity (MMN) is an evoked response elicited by a change in a stimulus parameter embedded in a sequence, and which has been used to index sensory sensitivity in a range of developmental settings (Näätänen et al., 2007). The MMN response is modifiable by contributions from sources in the frontal lobes, and is sensitive to the cognitive symptoms of disorders such as schizophrenia, so although considered pre-attentive in origin it is not entirely free of cognitive influence. Bishop (2007) has provided a critical review of the use of this method in research of developmental disorders. It is also possible to construct “cortical psychometric functions” from auditory evoked responses measured with neurophysiological data, a method which shows promise for bias-free estimates of threshold (Witton et al., 2012). Yet there are challenges associated with using neuroimaging techniques with children (Witton, Furlong & Seri, 2013) and for the majority of studies, psychophysics will remain the method of choice. Developing strategies to reduce the likelihood of lapses during adaptive procedures, especially through improving task engagement by children (e.g., Abramov et al., 1984), is therefore critical—as is the use of statistical methods which are sensitive to the limitations of these procedures. Future behavioural studies taking an individual-differences approach (e.g., Talcott, Witton & Stein, 2013) can potentially help improve our understanding of the link between cognitive factors such as attention and memory, and psychophysical performance, especially if these studies make detailed estimates of psychometric functions and lapse rates. Convergent measures, especially physiological measures such as eye-movement recordings, which can monitor a child’s physical engagement with a visual stimulus, would also improve the extent to which researchers can determine the validity of individual trials. Finally, the application of neuroimaging techniques, especially those with high temporal resolution (i.e., MEG and EEG) could provide useful evidence to help unpick the cognitive processes that underpin variable task performance. Conclusions Overall, the findings from the simulations presented here suggest that the accuracy and efficiency of studies using adaptive procedures in untrained and especially paediatric populations are best maximised by very careful choice of adaptive procedure, taking into account the psychophysical properties of the task and stimulus. This should be followed by careful statistical analysis, especially when comparing groups. Investing in innovations able to improve quality time-on-task, particularly for children, in relevant studies will greatly improve data quality, if trial-numbers can be increased. Attempting to index individuals’ lapse rates, and incorporating this information into statistical analyses, would also enable researchers to account for the impact of such differences on experimental findings. Supplemental Information Theoretical convergence points determined by the adjustment rule of a staircase are based on the assumption of a cumulative normal psychometric function. When simulated using a Weibull function, the procedures converge at a very slightly lower value; the 2-down, 1-up staircase converges at 70.2% correct rather than 70.7% after 1,000 reversals. These small differences are negligible in the context of the effects described here. Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Professor Genevieve McArthur, Dr. Nicholas Badcock, and an anonymous reviewer for their insightful comments on an earlier version of this paper. Additional Information and Declarations Competing Interests The authors declare there are no competing interests. Author Contributions Caroline Witton conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper. Joel B. Talcott conceived and designed the experiments, wrote the paper, reviewed drafts of the paper. G. Bruce Henning conceived and designed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, reviewed drafts of the paper. Report a problem Our promise PeerJ promises to address all issues as quickly and professionally as possible. We thank you in advance for your patience and understanding. Type of problem Details 500 characters remaining Follow this publication for updates "Following" is like subscribing to any updates related to a publication. These updates will appear in your home dashboard each time you visit PeerJ. You can also choose to receive updates via daily or weekly email digests. If you are following multiple publications then we will send you no more than one email per day or week based on your preferences. Note: You are now also subscribed to the subject areas of this publication and will receive updates in the daily or weekly email digests if turned on. You can add specific subject areas through your profile settings.May 11 10:25 PM PT11:25 PM MT12:25 AM CT1:25 AM ET1:25 ET5:25 GMT13:25 10:25 PM MST12:25 AM EST11:25 PM CST12:55 AM VEN9:25 UAE12:25 AM CT-Nick Wittgren did not allow a hit or walk in 2.0 scoreless innings as the Cleveland Indians lost to the Oakland Athletics 4-3 on Friday. Wittgren struck out two, ending the game with a 1.32 ERA and 0.73 WHIP on the season. May 8 6:05 PM PT7:05 PM MT8:05 PM CT9:05 PM ET21:05 ET1:05 GMT9:05 6:05 PM MST8:05 PM EST7:05 PM CST8:35 PM VEN5:05 UAE (+1)8:05 PM CT-Nick Wittgren allowed one hit without giving up a run in 1.0 inning as the Cleveland Indians defeated the Chicago White Sox 5-3 on Wednesday. Wittgren did not strike out a batter, ending the game with a 1.54 ERA and 0.86 WHIP on the season. May 6 6:16 PM PT7:16 PM MT8:16 PM CT9:16 PM ET21:16 ET1:16 GMT9:16 6:16 PM MST8:16 PM EST7:16 PM CST8:46 PM VEN5:16 UAE (+1)8:16 PM CT-Nick Wittgren allowed one run on one hit in 0.1 innings as the Cleveland Indians lost to the Chicago White Sox 9-1 on Monday. Wittgren did not strike out a batter, ending the game with a 1.69 ERA and 0.84 WHIP on the season. Apr. 14 2:45 PM PT3:45 PM MT4:45 PM CT5:45 PM ET17:45 ET21:45 GMT5:45 2:45 PM MST4:45 PM EST3:45 PM CST5:15 PM VEN1:45 UAE (+1)4:45 PM CT-Nick Wittgren did not allow a hit or walk in 1.1 scoreless innings as the Cleveland Indians lost to the Kansas City Royals 9-8 on Sunday. Wittgren did not strike out a batter, ending the game with a 0.00 ERA and 0.50 WHIP on the season. Apr. 12 8:29 PM PT9:29 PM MT10:29 PM CT11:29 PM ET23:29 ET3:29 GMT11:29 8:29 PM MST10:29 PM EST9:29 PM CST10:59 PM VEN7:29 UAE (+1)10:29 PM CT-Nick Wittgren allowed one hit without giving up a run in 1.1 innings as the Cleveland Indians lost to the Kansas City Royals 8-1 on Friday. Wittgren struck out two, ending the game with a 0.00 ERA and 0.75 WHIP on the season.Impact of Mesenteric Defect Closure During Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (LRYGB): a Retrospective Study for a Total of 20

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5,000 mg/kg oral administration. This showed that a lethal dose of 50% is greater than 5,000 mg/kg, which attests that plant products are frequently considered to be safe and have fewer adverse effects than synthetic ones.[@CIT0037] The in vivo antiplasmodial activities of *N. Congesta* crude extract and solvent fractions were investigated by evaluating the chemosuppression during early infection, while crude extract and aqueous fraction were used to evaluate the curative activity of the plant during established infection (Rane's test). In both suppressive and curative tests, determination of percent parasitemia suppression and improved survival days are the most widely used parameters for antiplasmodial activity screening.[@CIT0031],[@CIT0032] Since 500, 750, and 1,000 mg/kg crude extract and 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg aqueous fraction showed significant parasite suppression, they were further evaluated in curative test.[@CIT0047] In the 4-day chemosuppressive and Rane's test, the highest parasitemia suppression (100%) was recorded in the group treated with positive control (chloroquine), while the lowest parasitemia suppression (0%) was recorded in the group treated with the negative control, distilled water. *N. congesta* hydromethanolic extract exhibited dose dependent parasitemia suppression and prolonged the survival days of *P. berghei* infected mice, the highest activity recorded at the maximum dose administered. This is comparable with the activities of the previous reports exhibited by *Polyalthia longifolia, Trichilia heudelotii*, and *melia azedarac*h.[@CIT0012],[@CIT0027] Parasitemia level in all extract and aqueous fraction treated groups was less than the group treated with negative controls. This revealed that extract and its aqueous fraction had a suppressive effect on the multiplication and erythrocyte infectivity of *P. berghei* parasites in mice. The hydromethanolic leaf extract of *N. congesta* suppressed parasitemia by 58.3%, the highest chemosuppression recorded from all the fractions evaluated in the current study. However, at lower concentrations (100, 200, 400 mg/kg), it exhibited insignificant activity as compared to the negative control. This could be attributable to the presence of an insufficient concentration of active principles at lower doses of the extract.[@CIT0015],[@CIT0032] The curative activities were significant at 1,000 mg/kg crude extract at day 7 and 400 and 600 mg/kg of aqueous fraction at days 5--7. Crude extract contains a collection of medicinal compounds and activities of one compound may mask the other or may be potentiated,[@CIT0032],[@CIT0046] hence, fractionation may help to eliminate potentially toxic, inactivating, and/or potentiating compounds.[@CIT0042] Aqueous fraction demonstrated dose dependant higher activity in blood parasitemia suppression against *P. berghei* than other fractions. The relatively higher activity of the aqueous fraction could be due to secondary metabolites present in crude extract which might be partitioned in the aqueous fraction.[@CIT0032],[@CIT0042] A report from the aqueous fraction of *Nuxia* species confirmed the presence of iridoid glycosides (mono terpenes),[@CIT0019] which are water soluble[@CIT0048],[@CIT0049] and have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory,[@CIT0050] antioxidant, immune modulating, and pain killing properties.[@CIT0049] These effects are highly associated with antimalarial activities.[@CIT0034],[@CIT0042],[@CIT0047] The MST is a very important parameter to evaluate the antimalarial activity of plant extracts.[@CIT0031] The aqueous fraction prolonged the survival time of *P. berghei* infected mice dose dependently. This might be due to the presence of secondary metabolites that prevent the overall pathologic effect of the parasite in the infected mice, like anti-inflammatory, antioxidant effects in addition to suppression of the parasite.[@CIT0051] N-hexane fraction did not show any parasitemia inhibition or prolongation of survival days in all dose-treated groups. On the other hand, at higher doses of the fraction the parasitemia level was increased. This could be due to loss of active constituents during fractionation[@CIT0032],[@CIT0042] or the constituents partitioned in this fraction may be immunosuppressants which can lower the immune system.[@CIT0017] The chloroform fraction did not exhibit dose dependent chemosupressive activity, efficacy diminished as the dose increased. This inconsistent effect might be attributed to constituents in the fraction which may follow different kinetics.[@CIT0052],[@CIT0053] In vivo percent mean suppression ≤90% with respect to negative control usually indicates the test compound is active.[@CIT0046] Accordingly, crude extract at 1,000 mg/kg (58.33%), aqueous fraction at 600 mg/kg (44.88%), and chloroform fraction at 200 mg/kg (15%) could be considered to be active against *P. berghei*. This activity could be attributed to a single or a combination of its secondary metabolites. Temperature and weight reduction are the hallmark of malaria infection in rodent models, indicating that an effective antimalarial agent should prevent temperature and body weight reduction in *Plasmodium* infected rodents. The dose dependent suppressive activities of the leaves of *N. congesta* crude extract and water fraction proposes that crude extract and water fraction do not have any toxic effects in experimental mice at the doses evaluated. Our acute oral toxicity study result also indicated that the plant extract was found to be safe at the maximum dose tested (5,000 mg/kg).[@CIT0038] However, tremendous body weight loss has been observed in mice treated with 400 mg/kg of n-hexane and chloroform fractions; this could be attributable to the feed intake depressing effect of metabolites and interfere with the protein digestion by saponins and tannins.[@CIT0054] Conclusion {#S0005} ========== The methanolic extract and aqueous fraction of *N. congesta* leaves have in vivo anti-malarial activities. The antimalarial activity and lack of acute toxicity is suggested to uphold the earlier claims made by the Ethiopian traditional practitioners. The authors are thankful to the University of Gondar for Funding the Study. Abbreviations {#S0006} ============= ACT, Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy; ANOVA, Analysis of Variance; OECD, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development; IP, Intraperitoneal; MST, Mean Survival Time; PBS, Phosphate Buffered Saline; PCV, Packed cell volume; PRBCs, Packed red blood cells; RBC, red blood cell; SEM, Standard Error of Mean; SPSS, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences; WHO, World Health Organization. Ethics Approval {#S0007} =============== All the experiments were conducted in accordance with internationally accepted laboratory animal use, care, and guidelines. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Department of Pharmacology/University of Gondar Ethics and Research Committee, Gondar-Ethiopia (SOP4/78/09). Data Sharing Statment {#S0008} ===================== Almost all the materials and data of our study are included in the manuscript, some of the material and data will be available to other researchers upon reasonable request. Authors' Information {#S0009} ==================== Mss Melshew Fenta (MSc), University of Gondar Specialized Referral Teaching Hospital, University of Gondar, P.O.Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia, e-mail: <[email protected]>. Author Contributions {#S0010} ==================== All authors have made substantial contributions in the conception and design, acquisition of data, analysis, and interpretation of data;All authors have made substantial contributions in drafting the article, and revising it critically for important intellectual content;All authors approved the final version the manuscript to be published;All authors have agreed on the work and have given final approval of the version to be published. Disclosure {#S0011} ========== The authors have no conflict of interest to disclose. [^1]: **Notes:** + = present, − = absent. [^2]: **Notes:** Values are presented as Mean±SEM; n=5. ^a^ compared to the negative control, ^b^ compared to the positive control. \**P*\<0.05, \*\**P*\<0.01, \*\*\**P*\<0.001. **Abbreviations:** Ex, Extract; DW, distilled water (negative control); CQ, Chloroquine (positive control); CE, crude extract. [^3]: **Notes:** Values are presented as Mean±SEM; n=5. Values are significant at *P*\<0.05, ^a^compared to the negative control, ^b^ compared to the positive control. \**P*\<0.05, \*\**P*\<0.01, \*\*\**P*\<0.001. **Abbreviations:** Fr, Fraction; DW, distilled water; 3%T80 (negative control), 3%Tween 80; CQ (positive control), chloroquine; AQF, aqueous fraction; CF, chloroform fraction; Hf, n-hexane fraction. [^4]: **Notes:** Values are presented as Mean±SEM. ^a^ compared to the negative control, ^b^ compared to the positive control. Values are significant at *P*\<0.05. \*\**P*\<0.01, \*\*\**P*\<0.001. **Abbreviations:** Ex/Fr, Extract/Fraction; CE, Cr

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985, 11809, 13, 6041, 4958, 3948, 1329, 985, 11809, 13, 285, 7269, 5145, 4968, 16012, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 271, 19853, 8037, 9928, 10973, 5694, 369, 4270, 285, 5762, 13, 285, 3534, 13, 753, 581, 16518, 3206, 13, 247, 10335, 1981, 3045, 15, 831, 3434, 588, 6264, 907, 7269, 5694, 4302, 285, 9017, 3640, 285, 2216, 14603, 275, 253, 954, 5919, 5637, 5145, 2216, 1929, 3063, 15, 187, 187, 34, 24633, 273, 271, 5637, 5694, 323, 247, 5694, 4958, 310, 15616, 281, 271, 7844, 273, 9381, 323, 247, 1531, 3107, 3227, 649, 273, 271, 4812, 19776, 3948, 1907, 271, 4812, 19776, 3948, 285, 271, 5637, 5694, 15, 329, 1150, 1080, 310, 2530, 327, 253, 1531, 3107, 3227, 649, 13, 247, 7861, 5341, 4968, 310, 4441, 44423, 407, 253, 806, 1150, 1080, 281, 253, 1531, 3107, 3227, 649, 15, 329, 49927, 273, 253, 5637, 5694, 310, 15616, 281, 247, 1273, 1150, 1080, 2530, 327, 253, 7861, 5341, 4968, 15, 380, 49927, 310, 14049, 281, 253, 3948, 2972, 15, 380, 24633, 310, 15616, 281, 253, 1531, 3107, 3227, 649, 285, 14049, 26474, 15, 187, 187, 38, 8218, 29247, 21409, 625, 685, 581, 14, 14674, 273, 253, 8545, 2341, 4197, 407, 17367, 26992, 15, 496, 253, 16252, 8776, 13, 253, 2201, 5694, 3301, 310, 323, 19370, 2392, 285, 1959, 91, 398, 1223, 32487, 6500, 25903, 253, 5694, 3301, 275, 253, 6264, 1051, 187, 187, 46, 17894, 37614, 18700, 18809, 47648, 6282, 1282, 253, 5199, 323, 13546, 5694, 4958, 1924, 313, 46, 18601 ]

groups of parallel-connected condensers that are then separately connected, through high charging circuit resistances, to a source of DC potential with respect to ground, with an additional connecting lead being provided for each group to connect their output as an AC output to a load. These same leads can he used, when connected to a driver circuit, to produce motor action. This paper describes a hardware system designed to facilitate position and velocity control of a group of eight stepping motors using a PDP-11. The system includes motor driver cards and other interface cards in addition ... Section 313 of the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007 raised Federal minimum efficiency standards for general-purpose, single-speed, polyphase induction motors of 1 to 500 horsepower (hp). This new standard took effect in December 2010. The new minimum efficiency levels match FEMP's performance requirement for these motors. Premium efficient motors are available which convert electrical energy into mechanical energy with fewer losses than the more standard motors. The fewer losses in these motors are due to changes in the motor design and improved manufacturing methods... Project Summary Transportation energy usage is predicted to increase substantially by 2020. Hybrid vehicles and fuel cell powered vehicles are destined to become more prominent as fuel prices rise with the demand. Hybrid and fuel cell vehicle platforms are both dependent on high performance electric motors. Electric motors for transportation duty will require sizeable low-speed torque to accelerate the vehicle. As motor speed increases, the torque requirement decreases which results in a nearly constant power motor output. Interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSM) are well suited for this duty. , , These rotor geometries are configured in straight lines and semi circular arc shapes. These designs are of limited configurations because of the lack of availability of permanent magnets of any other shapes at present. We propose to fabricate rotors via a novel processing approach where we start with magnet powders and compact them into a net shape rotor in a single step. Using this approach, widely different rotor designs can be implemented for efficiency. The current limitation on magnet shape and thickness will be eliminated. This is accomplished by co-filling magnet and soft iron powders at specified locations in intricate shapes using specially designed dies and automatic powder filling station. The process fundamentals for accomplishing occurred under a previous Applied Technology Program titled, √?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬Ę√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?Motors and Generators for the 21st Century√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬Ę√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬?√?¬Ě. New efficient motor designs that are not currently possible (or cost prohibitive) can be accomplished by this approach. Such an approach to motor fabrication opens up a new dimension in motor design. Feasibility Results We were able to optimize a IPMSM rotor to take advantage of the powder co-filling and DMC compaction processing methods. The minimum low speed torque requirement of 5 N-m can be met through an optimized design with magnet material having a Br capability of 0.2 T. This level of magnetic performance can be met with a variety of bonded magnet compositions. The torque ripple was found to drop significantly by using thinner magnet segments. The powder co-filling and subsequent compaction processing allow for thinner magnet structures to be formed. Torque ripple can be further reduced by using skewing and pole shaping techniques. The techniques can be incorporated into the rotor during the powder co-filling process. The first step to reducing energy costs and increasing reliability in motors is to establish a motor plan. A motor plan allows decisions to be made in advance of motor failure, and increases the options available. By contrast, most motor decisions... Edinburgh Motor Assessment (EMAS) is a brief motor screening test, specifically designed for assessment of patients with dementia, aphasia and other cognitive disorders. It focuses, therefore, on those motor symptoms, ... of industrial motor systems. (E-Source 1993; EPRI 1992; Nadel et al. 1992; Easton Consultants 1996) These publications take as their principal point of departure the 1980 study Classification and Evaluation ofElectric Motors and Pumps sponsored... of motor drive energy among the three major application groups for the four manufacturing sectors and for manufacturing facilities as a whole. These estimates are drawn from the Midwest database and the EPRI Electric Motors Study (1992). The results... 6. 6.1 MOTOR BIKES, MOPEDS, AND MOTOR SCOOTERS Registration and Operation Motor Bikes, Mopeds, and Motor Scooters are defined as motor vehicles and are subject to all regulations governing motor vehicle operation on the grounds of the University. Such a motor vehicle owned and operated by a member Electric motors account for sixty five percent of industrial energy consumed today. There are many opportunities to conserve electricity by using more energy efficient motors and drives. Proven technologies and practices can reduce energy... of faults or incipi- ent faults in electric motor drives: Sensorless torque measurement Direct detection as the motor. Exten- sive online monitoring of the motors can lead to greater plant availability, extended over the last several years, ade- quate data processing capability is now available on cost In a popular language, the possibilities of the Casimir expulsion effect are presented, which can be the basis of quantum motors. Such motors can be in the form of a special multilayer thin film with periodic and complex nanosized structures. Quantum motors of the type of the Casimir platforms can be the base of transportation, energy and many other systems in the future. Motor Control STEVEN P. WISE National Institute of Mental Health REZA SHADMEHR Johns Hopkins University I. What Controls Movement II. What the Motor System Controls III. Mechanisms of Motor Control IV. Motor Memory V. Flexibility in Motor Control VI. Evolution of the Motor System GLOSSARY agonist A muscle A motor/generator is provided for connecting between a transmission input shaft and an output shaft of a prime mover. The motor/generator may include a motor/generator housing, a stator mounted to the motor/generator housing, a rotor mounted at least partially within the motor/generator housing and rotatable about a rotor rotation axis, and a transmission-shaft coupler drivingly coupled to the rotor. The transmission-shaft coupler may include a clamp, which may include a base attached to the rotor and a plurality of adjustable jaws. Technology for the axial gap motor was developed by DOE with an investment of approximately $15 million. This development effort is for motor technologies of high power density and high efficiency. Such motors that are also small and light-weight are not available on the commercial market because high-power motors have typically been used in large industrial applications where small size and light weight are not requirements. AC Delco has been developing motors since 1918 and is interested in leveraging its research and development dollars to produce an array of motor systems for vehicles and to develop a future line of propulsion products. The DOE focus of the study was applied to machining applications. The most attractive feature of this motor is the axial air gap, which may make possible the removal of the motor`s stationary component from a total enclosure of the remainder of the machine if the power characteristics are adequate. The objectives of this project were to evaluate alternative electric drive systems for machine tools and automotive electric drive systems and to select a best machine type for each of those applications. A major challenge of this project was to produce a small, light-weight, highly efficient motor at a cost-effective price. The project developed machine and machine drive systems and design criteria for the range of applications. The final results included the creation of a baseline for developing electric vehicle powertrain system designs, conventional vehicle engine support system designs, and advanced machine tool configurations. In addition, an axial gap permanent magnet motor was built and tested, and gave, said one engineer involved, a sterling performance. This effort will commercialize advanced motor technology and extend knowledge and design capability in the most efficient electric machine design known today. A rotor of an electric motor for a motor vehicle is aligned to an axis of rotation for a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine having an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. A locator is provided on the crankshaft, a piloting tool is located radially by the first locator to the crankshaft. A stator of the electric motor is aligned to a second locator provided on the piloting tool. The stator is secured to the engine block. The rotor is aligned to the crankshaft and secured thereto. Electric motors consume more than one-half of the electrical energy produced by Ontario Hydro. In the residential sector, the major motor load is for refrigerators and freezers while packaged equipment dominate the motor load in the commercial... Motor Vehicle Record Procedure Objective Outline the procedure for obtaining motor vehicle record (MVR

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Crane had handed them fossilized dinosaur excrement. Then, linking the stones to the work they were about to do [under the direction of Petraeus], Crane warned that their final work product shouldn’t simply be a polishing of old crap. He had their attention.” With this anecdote, Forrester had my attention. I tend to nod off reading most business books, not (I hope) because of my advanced age but rather because they represent polishing of old shit, shibboleths I’ve seen hundreds of time before. There was no nodding off as I absorbed the way-out-of-the-box case studies Forrester presents in a book that should be read by everyone in a position of power in any organization. “Consider” is a guide to reflection and consideration for decision-making in the twenty-first century. Instead of urging us to keep focused on the problem at hand, Forrester in many cases tells us to Stop Before We Screw Up, or as Dr. Robert Bea drills into his Civil and Environmental Engineering students at the University of California in Berkeley: “STOP, THINK, AND DONT DO SOMETHING STUPID!” This is the warning Bea wants to dramatize what he terms the inevitable “oh shit” moments that present themselves — before an actual engineering calamity like the April 2010 Deepwater Horizon/BP disaster happens. Maybe it will turn out that Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO), the operators of the damaged nuclear reactors in northeast Japan, made similar errors in the wake of the earthquake and tsunami of March 11. The stories and examples that Forrester presents in “Consider” demonstrate that the best decisions, insights, ideas and outcomes result when we take sufficient time to think and reflect. This seems to be an obvious rule, but the author emphasizes that our always-on wireless technology allows us to act and react more quickly than ever before. This isn’t a good thing because we are taking increasingly less time to consider our decisions before we make them. Reflection supplies an arsenal of ideas and solutions to the right problems. In addition to interviews of leaders such as Petraeus, Forrester talks to California attorney Brooksley Born, former head of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, and Dallas, Texas-based global investor Kyle Bass, who saw the worldwide meltdown coming as early as 2005, three years before it body-slammed the world. Bass’s foresight helped make money for his clients, rather than wiping them out. Forrester shows us that taking time and giving ourselves the mental space for reflection can mean the difference between total success and total failure. I was reminded of Charles Ferguson’s Oscar-winning feature documentary, “Inside Job” as I read in “Consider” how Iceland’s economy was ruined by the nation’s headlong rush into investing in the kind of unregulated new financial products Brooksley Born warned the Clinton Administration, and particularly Treasury Secretary Robert Rubin, about, to no avail. “Inside Job” has a “cold start” beginning (starting the film before the opening credits) concentrating on Iceland’s predicament. It’s a nation of less than 400,000 people, but similar mistakes were made in Greece, Hungary, Spain and — of course– the United States. We need more people like Brooksley Born, Kyle Bass, Robert Bea, David Petraeus and the others cited and/or interviewed by Forrester in his must-read book. And we need to turn off the distracting wireless devices and do some really deep thinking. About the author Daniel Patrick Forrester is a management consultant with over fifteen years experience leading complex strategy and technology evolution engagements for senior executives from Fortune 100 and 500 companies, and federal government organizations. Current and past clients include: Verizon, Sallie-Mae, Sprint, Dow Chemical, FMC Corporation, The Department of Homeland Security, The Library of Congress, The Congressional Research Service, and the United States Marine Corps. Forrester is frequently in demand as a public speaker at organizations such as The Brookings Institute and the top-ranked Booth School of Business at the University of Chicago. He is currently a Director and Executive within Sapient Government Services, a subsidary of Sapient Corporation. Reviewed by David M. Kinchen “Wherever you are, death will find you, even in the looming tower” – from the 4th Sura of the Quran, spoken by Osama bin Laden on a videotaped speech found on a computer taken from the Hamburg, Germany al-Qaeda cell Editor’s Note: This review was originally published on Sept. 11, 2006. It is being published again to coincide with Lawrence Wright’s visit to Huntington, West Virginia on Thursday, Sept. 29, 2011. To employ the often useful – and truthful cliché – if you read only one book on Osama bin Laden, Al-Qaeda and Islamist terrorism, that book should be “The Looming Tower: Al-Qaeda and the Road to 9/11” by New Yorker writer Lawrence Wright (Knopf, 480 pages, $27.95, illustrations, sources, cast of characters, bibliography, index). About that back-of-the-book feature “Principal Characters”: It’s absolutely essential — with all the Arab names in this book – to get them straight. More books should include them, as well as the voluminous notes, sources, persons interviewed, etc. in this exceptionally well documented book that immediately joins my short list of contenders for top prize books of 2006. By telling the story of the spiritual father of bin Laden’s form of Islamism, Sayyid Qutb, who studied in Greeley, CO in 1948, Wright places fundamentalist Islam in context. Qutb was a middle-class Egyptian who was both entranced and appalled by the diversity of America, where people of various nationalities and religions seemed to get along, albeit with much literal and physical jostling. Qutb traveled widely in the U.S. and was particularly entranced – and appalled – by the vitality of New York City, in sharp contrast to the decadence of Cairo in the last days of King Farouk’s regime. After discussing Qutb’s variety of fundamentalist Islam and its influence on young Muslims of all nationalities – Qutb was hanged by Nasser in 1966 – Wright concentrates his narrative four individuals: Osama bin Laden and Ayman Zawahiri, the leaders of al-Qaeda (Arabic for “The Base”) founded in Afghanistan in 1988 in the last days of the Soviet occupation; colorful FBI Agent John O’Neill, who died in the attack on the World Trade Center five years ago and Saudi Arabia’s former head of intelligence, Prince Turki al-Faisal, who started out as ally of bin Laden and ended up as his bitter enemy after the Saudi millionaire declared jihad on the Saudi leaders. Most of the emphasis is on bin Laden and O’Neill. If there’s one thing that comes through clearly from “The Looming Tower,” it’s that the widely held belief that intelligence agencies hoard their scraps of intelligence like animals crowding around a downed prey animal, unwilling to share with anyone, is absolutely true. The rivalry between the Central Intelligence Agency and the FBI is particularly well-drawn by Wright, an indefatigable reporter and elegant writer. O’Neill, was a working class guy from Atlantic City, NJ, who loved the New York metropolitan area. He dressed like a dapper Mafia don in Burberry pin-striped suits and expensive Italian shoes – in contrast to his cheap-suit-wearing colleagues – and tried to break down this great intelligence divide, often to the annoyance of his boss, FBI Director Louis Freeh. O’Neill, who was 50 when he died in the 9/11 attacks soon after his resignation and just into his new job as security director of the WTC, is wonderfully profiled by the New Yorker writer, which makes sense since the “profile” as we know it today was invented at the magazine decades ago under the editorship of Harold Ross. At the time of the Khobar Towers bombing in August 1996, there were only seven Arabic speaking FBI agents in the entire nation, Wright notes, pointing out that the FBI was largely staffed by men of urban Irish and Italian background. One of the seven, Lebanese-American Ali Soufan, was assigned to work with O’Neill on the investigation of the USS Cole bombing; the interrogation by this loyal American of Lebanese birth of Abu Jandal in Yemen after 9/11 was instrumental in identifying the 9/11 hijackers. He now works for Rudy Giuliani’s security firm. O’Neill comes through in Wright’s narrative as one of the few intelligence officers in the nation to understand the dangers of Islamic terrorism, which really is amazing considering the events of the first attack on the World Trade Center in 1993. O’Neill, in charge of a New York-based task force dedicated to capturing Ramzi Yousef, the mastermind of the 1993 WTC attack, had to deal with general tone-deafness toward Islamic terrorism that characterized both the Clinton and Bush Administrations. Yousef was captured in 1995 and now is in prison for life. With more interagency cooperation and more leaders listening to O’Neill, his colleague and Islamism expert Dan Coleman and the CIA’s Michael Scheuer, head of that agency’s Alec Station counterterrorism agency in New York from 1996 to 1999, 9/11 could have been prevented, Wright argues. Scheuer and O’Neill, true to form, were bitter rivals, echoing the rivalry of the

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In conclusion, these results suggest that restraint of EPO production by hemin was offset by the promotion of EPO production by hemin-induced oxidative stress at hemin concentrations greater than 300 µM.BA3121 Fast Responses,Multi-lingual Sales Staff *Global work hours:24 hours a day,5 days a week.*Detailed part quote in less than 24 hours.*Free Product Substitution Service BA3121 DataSheet DATASHEET Description Features Applications BA3121 Description BA3121 Celeritek reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Celeritek makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Celeritek assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. Typical parameters can and do vary in different applications. All operating parameters, including Typicals must be validated for each customer application by customers technical experts. Celeritek does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Celeritek products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Celeritek product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Celeritek products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Celeritek and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Celeritek was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Celeritek is a registered trademark of Celeritek, Inc. Celeritek, Inc. is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. BA3121 Features In normal mode, the BA3121 continuously monitors the discharge current by sensing the voltage of CS pin. If the voltage of CS pin exceeds the overcurrent protection voltage (V OIP) beyond the overcurrent delay time (TOI) period, the overcurrent protection circuit operates and discharging is inhibited by the turning-off of the discharge control MOSFET M1. The overcurrent condition returns to the normal mode when the load is released and the impedance between the BATT+ and BATT- terminals is 20M? or higher. The BA3121 is provided with the two overcurrent detection levels (0.2V and 1V) and the two overcurrent delay time (TOI1 and TOI2) corresponding to each overcurrent detection level.Dentures You Can Celebrate The emotions people experience when they get their first set of dentures can be very negative. Losing your teeth can be very hard. Not only do you have the sense of loss associated with losing a part of your body, and, really, a part of your identity. But many people also feel that losing their teeth is a sign of failure, and they can be ashamed. You don’t have to feel that way in our office. We believe that no one should be judged when it comes to their oral health. Our only concern is doing what’s best for you starting today. And that’s why we’re committed to giving all our patients the best dentures available, our own Denture Fountain of Youth ®, also known as FOY Dentures ® . When you get these dentures, you will likely be happier with your smile than you have been in a long time, possibly any time in your life. A Younger Smile One of the greatest benefits of the Denture Fountain of Youth ® is how much it turns back the clock on your apparent age. If you have had bad teeth or bad dentures for a while, you probably noticed how much older they made you look. Discolored, worn, or missing teeth all make you look years older. And poorly fitted dentures can contribute to the appearance of jowls, deep facial folds, and, especially, a sunken mouth. Your new dentures will feature teeth that have a bright, youthful color and size and shape appropriate to the age you really want to look. And they will be designed to undo all the years of wear on your teeth and the loss of bone in your jaw. Through precise fitting, we will determine the ideal proportions of your dentures, allowing us to recreate the facial proportions you had when younger. Cosmetic Improvements If you’ve always been unhappy with your teeth, this is an opportunity for you to start completely fresh. Your new smile doesn’t have to be limited by your old smile. If you had the family smile, you can be free of it once and for all. You have the choice of how much you want to improve the appearance of your smile. If you have been happy with your teeth overall, but would like to make a few subtle changes, we can give you a smile that looks like your natural smile, but improved. However, if you are looking to dramatically improve the appearance of your smile, we can do that, too. And we will design them to ensure that, although they are very attractive, they are also natural-looking. We can make sure that people won’t immediately assume your teeth are dentures. The Best Smile of Your Life You may be feeling some sadness about the loss of your teeth. You may be feeling some fears about your future dentures. But it’s our intention to make sure that when you actually get your dentures, all you feel is joy. If you want to learn more about the joy you may feel at your new dentures, please call (912) 234-8282 for an appointment with a Savannah cosmetic dentist at Beyond Exceptional Dentistry.Fresh greens were a little easier to find in Churchill, Man., on Thursday as the first crop of veggies from a hydroponic garden went on sale. The project, led by the independent, non-profit Churchill Northern Studies Centre, aims to improve food security in the town 1,000 kilometres north of Winnipeg, on the shore of Hudson Bay. For months, Churchill had to fly in food after spring flood damage knocked out the rail line to the town, Churchill's only land link. Now, the Rocket Greens project has produced fresh lettuce, kale, bok choy and basil, for a price that's often cheaper than items at the grocery store, even after federal and provincial food subsidies are applied. Currently, a small head of iceberg lettuce costs about $3 at the grocery store in Churchill, and a head of romaine lettuce costs between $5 and $7.50. The Rocket Greens produce is being sold for $3.50 per item, $10 for three, and $20 for six. "I think people were more blown away by the volume, and the greenness and the fluffiness of it," said project manager Carley Basler. In addition to being fresher than the food that is shipped to the town, which is often up to two weeks old by the time it arrives, the food has less packaging because it doesn't have to travel long distances. "It has an instant and immediate impact on our food security here in Churchill. There's never been something producing this amount of quantity of produce year-round in Churchill ever before," said Stephanie Puleo, interim executive director of the Churchill Northern Studies Centre. CNSC uses a system designed by Growcer Modular Food Solutions. A shipping container outfitted with hydroponic equipment is used to grow the vegetables, which start as seedlings in small pots before being transferred to nutrient-rich water tables. The system is designed for growing in remote northern communities and is based on a similar system that has been tested in Alaska. Basler says this is the first time it has been tested in Canada, but similar projects are slated to start soon in Norway House, Man., as well as Iqaluit. "We're going to see more of this in the future, which is also really exciting to me," she said. 'It's definitely going to have an impact' Churchill residents got a taste of what the project had produced at a community feast before Christmas, but this week was the first time people got a broader sense of what the project could produce. "I don't think that Churchill people really understood the scale that we're working with here. So this was exciting to meet with people face to face," she said. So far, the project has produced about 1,800 plants and 1,200 seedlings, and on Thursday they had between 320 and 340 vegetables to sell, with about the same expected to be ready each week. "I don't think it's enough to really feed our town and restaurants, and we get a lot of visitors in Churchill, but it's definitely going to have an impact," said Puleo. The project has produced some food that isn't commonly available in Churchill, like bok choy. (Submitted by Carley Basler) Some of the items — like the leafy green kale and bok choy, a type of Chinese cabbage — are not commonly available in Churchill, so Basler also has some recipes on hand to help people make use of the unfamiliar food. "In case some people just aren't as familiar with

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) to negotiate a sale of the Properties to Purchaser, or for the Purchaser to negotiate a purchase of the Properties from the owner(s).” J.A. at 228. Appellee’s acceptance of the purported offer would have created neither a final purchase contract nor a preliminary contract requiring future negotiations. It was, at best, an invitation to commence negotiations, and such an invitation does not constitute an offer. See generally Chiapparelli v. Baker, Kellogg & Co., 169 N.E. 274, 275 (N.Y. 1929) (“Frequently negotiations for a contract are begun between parties by general expressions of willingness to enter into a bargain upon stated terms and yet the natural construction of the words and conduct of the parties is rather that they are inviting offers, or suggesting the terms of a possible future bargain than making positive offers.” (internal quotation marks and citation omitted)). Because there was no offer, Appellant’s right of first refusal was never triggered, and its claim for specific performance fails as a matter of law. Accordingly, we AFFIRM the judgment of the district court. FOR THE COURT: Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk of Court 3 Muni was adopted by a security guard After he passed away, his wife dumped Muni back to the guard house.Muni used to live in an apartment and not familiar with outside world.I took him in since I don't think he can survive being a stray.Please help Muni by fostering or adopting.He is a friendly dog.Thank you.Related literature {#sec1} ================== For background to Schiff bases and their applications, see: Dao *et al.* (2000[@bb5]); Eltayeb & Ahmed (2005*a* [@bb6],*b* [@bb7]); Karthikeyan *et al.* (2006[@bb9]); Sriram *et al.* (2006[@bb12]). For related structures, see: Eltayeb *et al.* (2009[@bb8]); Tan & Liu (2009[@bb13]). For bond-length data, see: Allen *et al.* (1987[@bb1]). For hydrogen-bond motifs, see: Bernstein *et al.* (1995[@bb2]). For the stability of the temperature controller used in the data collection, see: Cosier & Glazer (1986[@bb4]). Experimental {#sec2} ============ {#sec2.1} ### Crystal data {#sec2.1.1} C~17~H~17~NO~3~*M* *~r~* = 283.32Orthorhombic,*a* = 14.719 (3) Å*b* = 9.1302 (16) Å*c* = 20.597 (4) Å*V* = 2768.0 (9) Å^3^*Z* = 8Mo *K*α radiationμ = 0.09 mm^−1^*T* = 100 K0.50 × 0.15 × 0.02 mm ### Data collection {#sec2.1.2} Bruker APEX DUO CCD area-detector diffractometerAbsorption correction: multi-scan (*SADABS*; Bruker, 2009[@bb3]) *T* ~min~ = 0.955, *T* ~max~ = 0.99816563 measured reflections4056 independent reflections2744 reflections with *I* \> 2σ(*I*)*R* ~int~ = 0.073 ### Refinement {#sec2.1.3} *R*\[*F* ^2^ \> 2σ(*F* ^2^)\] = 0.052*wR*(*F* ^2^) = 0.141*S* = 1.004056 reflections254 parametersH atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinementΔρ~max~ = 0.39 e Å^−3^Δρ~min~ = −0.29 e Å^−3^ {#d5e511} Data collection: *APEX2* (Bruker, 2009[@bb3]); cell refinement: *SAINT* (Bruker, 2009[@bb3]); data reduction: *SAINT*; program(s) used to solve structure: *SHELXTL* (Sheldrick, 2008[@bb10]); program(s) used to refine structure: *SHELXTL*; molecular graphics: *SHELXTL*; software used to prepare material for publication: *SHELXTL* and *PLATON* (Spek, 2009[@bb11]). Supplementary Material ====================== Crystal structure: contains datablocks global, I. DOI: [10.1107/S160053681000838X/ci5052sup1.cif](http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S160053681000838X/ci5052sup1.cif) Structure factors: contains datablocks I. DOI: [10.1107/S160053681000838X/ci5052Isup2.hkl](http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S160053681000838X/ci5052Isup2.hkl) Additional supplementary materials: [crystallographic information](http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/sendsupfiles?ci5052&file=ci5052sup0.html&mime=text/html); [3D view](http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/sendcif?ci5052sup1&Qmime=cif); [checkCIF report](http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/paper?ci5052&checkcif=yes) Supplementary data and figures for this paper are available from the IUCr electronic archives (Reference: [CI5052](http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/sendsup?ci5052)). The authors thank the Malaysian Government, the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) and Universiti Sains Malaysia for the E-Science Fund and RU research grants (PKIMIA/613308, PKIMIA/815002, and PKIMIA/811120). NEE thanks Universiti Sains Malaysia for a post-doctoral fellowship and the International University of Africa (Sudan) for providing study leave. The authors also thank the Malaysian Government and Universiti Sains Malaysia for the Research University Golden Goose grant No. 1001/PFIZIK/811012. Comment ======= Schiff bases have received much attention because of their potential applications. Some of these compounds exhibit various pharmacological activities, as noted by their anticancer (Dao *et al.*, 2000), anti-HIV (Sriram *et al.*, 2006), antibacterial and antifungal (Karthikeyan *et al.*, 2006) properties. In addition, some of them may be used as analytical reagents for the determination of trace elements (Eltayeb & Ahmed, 2005*a*,*b*). Previously we have reported the crystal structure of 2-((*E*)-{2-\[(*E*)-2,3-dihydroxybenzylideneamino\]-5-methylphenyl}- iminiomethyl)-6-hydroxyphenolate (Eltayeb *et al.*, 2009) which exists in a zwitterionic form. The title compound is another schiff base which also crystallizes in a zwitterionic form. Herein we report its crystal structure. The title molecule exists in a *trans* configuration about the C═N double bond \[1.3129 (19) Å\], with a C6--N1--C7--C8 torsion angle of 178.13 (14)°. The molecule is slightly twisted, with the dihedral angle between the two benzene rings being 13.42 (7)°. The hydroxy group is coplanar with the attached C1--C6 benzene ring. The methoxy group is coplanar with the attached C8--C13 benzene ring \[C14---O3---C12---C11 = 2.1 (2)°; r.m.s. deviation of 0.0384 (1) Å for the eight non H atoms\]. The allyl unit (C15--C17) is in an (-)-anticlinal conformation as indicated by the C11---C10---C15---C16 torsion angle of -94.28 (18)°. An intramolecular N---H···O hydrogen bond between the NH^+^ and the phenolate O^-^ groups generate an S(6) ring motif (Fig. 1 and Table 1) (Bernstein *et al.*, 1995). The bond distances show normal values (Allen *et al.*, 1987) and are comparable with those observed in related structures (Eltayeb *et al.*, 2009; Tan & Liu, 2009). In the crystal packing (Fig. 2), molecules are linked into zigzag chains along the \[010\] by O---H···O hydrogen bonds involving hydroxy groups, phenolate and methoxy O atoms (Table 1). Within a chain, the adjacent molecules are approximately perpendicular to each other (Fig. 2). The crystal structure is further stabilized by weak intermolecular C---H···π interactions (Table 1) involving the C8--C13 ring (centroid Cg1). Experimental {#experimental} ============ The title

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}^P({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^P) \ar[d]^{P_\text{mod}} \\ \widetilde{\mathcal{M}}^B(g,n^-,n^+) \ar[rr]^{\cong} & & \widetilde{\mathcal{M}}^P(g,n^-,n^+) .}$$ The horizontal isomorphisms are given in Theorems \[MPMBiso\] and \[th:puncture\_rigged\_equiv\]. The projection maps are defined in , , , and . Checking commutativity is routine. Producing such a diagram was one of the goals of this project. It gives a full relation between the puncture and and border picture at both the moduli space and Teichmüller space levels. Before formulating a concluding theorem we need to show that $P_{\mathrm{mod}}$ is holomorphic. \[le:Pmod\] The action of $\mathrm{PMod}^P({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^P)$ on $\widetilde{T}^P({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^P)$ is properly discontinuous and fixed-point free. The projection $P_{\mathrm{mod}}$ is holomorphic and possesses local holomorphic sections. The bijection $\mathcal{J} : {\widetilde{T}^{B}_{\#}}({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B) \to \widetilde{T}^P({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^P)$ from Theorem \[th:puncture\_rigged\_equiv\] is a biholomorphism by the commutativity of the top triangle in Diagram and the existence of local holomorphic sections of $P_{\mathrm{DB}}$ and $P_{\mathrm{DB}}^{\#}$ (Corollaries \[riggedTPcomplex\] and \[trandtb\]). The actions of $\mathrm{DI}$ on ${\widetilde{T}^{B}_{\#}}({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B)$ and $\mathrm{PMod}^P({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^P)$ on $\widetilde{T}^P({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^P)$ can be seen to be equivalent by directly using the definitions of the actions and the isomorphism $\mathcal{J}$. The required properties of the action now follow from Corollary \[TRandMiso\] and its proof. In Lemma \[PModonriggedTP\] we showed that the action of $\mathrm{PMod}^P({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^P)$ is by biholomorphisms. Thus Proposition \[complex\_quotient\] guarantees the stated properties of $P_{\mathrm{mod}}$. \[th:resultssummary\] 1. All the spaces in Diagram are obtained from $T^B({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B)$ by quotienting by the action of the mapping class group and certain subgroups. (Proposition \[Pmodquotient\], Theorem \[th:TBTPiso\] and Corollaries \[trandtb\] and \[TRandMiso\]. ) 2. These actions are by biholomorphisms and are properly discontinuous and fixed-point free. (Lemmas \[Modaction\_holo\], \[ModactionTP\], \[fixed-point-free\], \[propdisc\] and \[PModonriggedTP\] and Lemma \[le:Pmod\].) 3. With the complex structures inherited from $T^B({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B)$, all the spaces in Diagram become complex Banach manifolds. (Proposition \[complex\_quotient\], Theorem \[th:complex\_moduli\], Corollaries \[riggedTPcomplex\], \[trandtb\] and \[TRandMiso\] and Lemma \[le:Pmod\].) 4. These complex structures are the unique ones that make all the maps holomorphic. All the maps possess local holomorphic sections. (Proposition \[complex\_quotient\].) 5. The horizontal bijections become biholomorphisms. (Commutativity of the diagram and existence of local holomorphic section) 6. The complex structures on the moduli spaces are independent of the choice of base surface ${\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B$ and its boundary trivialization ${\boldsymbol{\tau}}$. (Theorem \[unique\_complex\].) [Holomorphicity of Sewing]{} \[se:holo\_sewing\] As discussed in Section \[introduction\], the sewing operation is the fundamental geometric operation in conformal field theory. Holomorphicity of this operation is required in the case of chiral CFTs, or more formally, in the definition of a weakly conformal field theory. In Section \[sewing\] the sewing operation was defined for the case of quasisymmetric boundary parametrizations. We now express this operation as a map between both the rigged moduli and Teichmüller spaces. These sewing maps are shown to be holomorphic. One advantage of working with quasisymmetric maps is the conceptually satisfying way in which the sewing maps can be defined and the holomorphicity proved. Recall from Section \[Teichmuller\] that for a bordered Riemann surface, ${\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B$, the Teichmüller space $T^B({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B)$ is endowed with the standard complex structure through the use of the Bers embedding (see [@Nag Chapter 3] or [@Lehto V.5.]). With this structure the fundamental projection $\Phi_{{\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B}: L^{\infty}_{(-1,1)}({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B)_1 \rightarrow T^B({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B)$ is holomorphic, and has a local holomorphic section in a neighborhood of every point. Note that the projection $P_{{\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B}: T^B({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B) \rightarrow \widetilde{\mathcal{M}}(g,n^-.n^+)$ from can be defined by first projecting $$T^B({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B) \to T^B({\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B) / {\mathrm{PModI}({{\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B})}$$ and following with the isomorphism $[{\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B,f,{\ensuremath{\Sigma_{1}}}^B] \mapsto [{\ensuremath{\Sigma_{1}}}^B, {\boldsymbol{\tau}} \circ f^{-1}]$ of Theorem \[TBcoversMB\]. It can be checked directly that $P_{{\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B} =P_{\mathrm{DI}} \circ P_{\mathrm{DB}^{\#}}$. From Theorem \[th:complex\_moduli\] we know that the projection $P_{{\ensuremath{\Sigma_{}}}^B}$ is holomorphic and has local holomorphic sections near every point. Actually this projection was used to induce the complex structure on $\widetilde{\mathcal{M}}(g,n^-.n^+)$. We now recall the sewing operation described in Section \[sewingoperation\]. To avoid excessive decorations, we change notation and let $X$ and $Y$ be bordered Riemann surfaces of type $(g_X, n^-_X, n^+_X)$ and $(g_Y, n^-_Y, n^+_Y)$ respectively where $n^+_X >0$ and $n^-_Y>0$. Let ${\boldsymbol{\tau}}_X = (\tau_X^1, \ldots \tau_X^{n_X})$ and ${\boldsymbol{\tau}}_Y = (\tau_Y^1, \ldots,\tau_Y^{n_Y})$ be (quasisymmetric) boundary trivializations of $X$ and $Y$ respectively (see Section \[capsewing\]). Choose $i$ and $j$ such that $\partial_i X$ is an outgoing boundary component and $\partial_j Y$ is an incoming boundary component. Let $X \#_{ij} Y$ be the sewn surface obtained by identifying $\partial_i X$ with $\partial_j Y$ using $(\tau_Y^j)^{-1} \circ J \circ \tau_X^i$. Since the choice of $i$ and $j$ is fixed throughout we simply write $X \# Y$ for $X\#_{ij}Y$. Let $\iota_X: X \to X \# Y$ and $\iota_Y: Y \to X \# Y$ be the inclusion maps. Let $g_{X\#Y} = g_X + g_Y$, $n^-_{X\#Y} = n^-_X + n^-_Y - 1$ and $n^+_{X\#Y} = n^+_X + n^+_Y -1$. The Riemann surface $X\#Y$ of type $(g_{X\#Y},n^-_{X\#Y}, n^+_{X\#Y} )$ with boundary trivialization $$\label{tau_sew} {\boldsymbol{\tau}}_{X\#Y} = (\tau_X^1,\ldots,\tau_X^{i-1},\tau_Y^{1},\ldots,\tau_Y^{j-1}, \tau_Y^{j+1},\ldots,\tau_Y^{n_Y}, \tau_X^{i+1},\ldots \tau_X^{n_X})$$ will be considered as the base surface for the Teichmüller space $T^B(X \# Y)$. There are other ways of ordering the boundary components but this issue is not important for our purposes. In conformal field theory the self-sewing operation must be considered. That is, the sewing of two boundary components of a single surface. Everything in this section can be altered without difficulty to cover this situation. We describe three sewing maps: on the level of Beltrami differentials, the level of Teichmüller space, and the level of rigged moduli space. - $\mathcal{S} : L^{\infty}_{(-1,1)}(X)_

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can Vietnam expect if your proposal for a SoutheastAsia Martime Treaty became a reality?ANSWER: The Treaty would make all ASEAN states stakeholders in maritime security.There would be more insulation for Vietnam from a unified ASEAN position. ButVietnam would have to bring its baselines in the southeast ('the pregnant lady') intoline with international law, clarify its claims, including making a distinction betweenrocks, low tide elevations and islands.Q5. How long does it take to conclude a "sensitive" treaty like the one youproposed?ANSWER: This is a ten year project at the least. But it could be the focal point forbuilding an ASEAN Political-Security Community.Q6. What are the difficulties ahead?Thayer ConsultancyABN # 65 648 097 1232ANSWER: There are certain maritime disputes that are of long-standing and some Southeast Asian attendees feel they should stay that way. Moving towards a treaty would open old wounds.Q7. What is "Vietnam's proposal for the no first use of force"?ANSWER: Vietnam has presented a proposal for ASEAN and China to agree that none of them will be the first to use force in South China Sea disputes. This would be a pledge by all parties that when an incident occurs they will exercise restraint and not resort to force. This would be an important confidence building measure.Q8. What do you mean by saying that "Vietnam would have to bring its baselines in the southeast ('the pregnant lady') into line with international law"?ANSWER: If you look at a map showing Vietnam's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) there is a noticeable bulge or extension of its southeast coast to take in Tu Chinh (or Wen Anbei in Chinese). This is an excessive claim. Vietnam's Exclusive Economic Zone should be drawn from straight base lines from its coast.The bulge is referred to colloquially in Vietnamese as "the pregnant lady". When Vietnam's draft Law of the Sea went to the Politburo maritime specialists recommended bringing Vietnam's claimed EEZ into accord with international law. This was rejected on the grounds that Vietnam would have to negotiate with China sometime in future and that its excessive EEZ claim was the starting point for negotiations.Suggested citation: Carlyle A. Thayer, South China Sea: Southeast Asia Maritime Treaty,” Thayer Consultancy Background Brief, September 20, 2013. All background briefs are posted on Scribd.com (search for Thayer). To remove yourself from the mailing list type UNSUBSCRIBE in the Subject heading and hit the Reply key.Thayer Consultancy provides political analysis of current regional security issues and other research support to selected clients. Thayer Consultancy was officially registered as a small business in Australia in 2002.Background BriefSouth China Sea: China’s PeaceArk and ‘the String of Pearls’Carlyle A. ThayerSeptember 25, 2013[client name deleted]We are interested in the People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) hospital ship – thePeace Ark -that has docked in Sihanoukville Autonomous Port this week. Interestingtiming, and also an interesting route the ship has been on the past four months; itsalmost a join-the-dots connecting the pearls of China's string.The Chinese military attaché here has been quoted as stating that he has neverheard of the ‘string of pearls’ and that the Peace Ark’s visit was a friendship mission.The Peace Ark stopped in Karachi, Mumbai, Thilawa Port, Chittagong and the rest.We request your assessment of the following:Q1. Why is the Chinese Navy undertaking such an operation?ANSWER: China is taking a leaf out of the U.S. naval engagement play book. The UShospital ship, USNS Mercy (T-AH-19), regularly calls in at regional ports to delivermedical and dental assistance. The US ship is staffed with American doctors andmedical specialists from the region. These visits are for good will and demonstratehumanitarian concern.The Peace Ark performs similar engagement activities for the China. Both the USNSMercy and Peace Ark gain valuable experience in working in local condition,experience that will be useful in future humanitarian assistance and disaster reliefmissions. In return, local medical personnel receive valuable experience in workingalongside foreign counterparts.Q2. What is your assessment of reports about China's interests in all these ports aspart of its "String of Pearls" or strategic bases?ANSWER: The 'string of pearls' is not a term China uses. As China's economic powerhas grown, so too has China's interest in secure sea lines of communication (SLOCs).China needs to call in at ports for to provision and for crew morale. The ports thatChina visits all belong to countries that have close economic relations with China.Contrary to speculation by strategic analysis, China had not used the ports formingthe so-called 'string of pearls' as military bases or for military purposes. The Chinesenavy does, however, make good will port visits, a normal part of naval diplomacy.Thayer ConsultancyABN # 65 648 097 1232Q3. How strong a parallel can be drawn between the route of the "Peace Ark" and the "String of Pearls"?ANSWER: The Peace Ark is visiting ports of friendly nations. This coincides with some of the ports comprising 'the string of pearls'. This is a normal component of naval diplomacy.Q4. What can China gain from such a humanitarian mission? How does it reflect on the disputes in the East and South China seas?ANSWER: China gains operational experience in foreign waters and ports, and knowledge of local medical conditions. China and the medical authorities in local ports each benefit from the exchange of knowledge and experience. Further, China gains in prestige and possibly increased influence in the countries visited.The voyage of the Peace Ark does not have a direct impact on the disputes in the East and South China Sea. But the Peace Ark's port visits do assist China in portraying itself as having humanitarian concerns. This deflects, to a limited extent, from regional concerns about the growth of Chinese naval power – the so-called China threat.Suggested citation: Carlyle A. Thayer, “South China Sea: China’s Peace Ark and ‘the String of Pearls’,” Thayer Consultancy Background Brief, September 25, 2013. All background briefs are posted on Scribd.com (search for Thayer). To remove yourself from the mailing list type UNSUBSCRIBE in the Subject heading and hit the Reply key.Thayer Consultancy provides political analysis of current regional security issues and other research support to selected clients. Thayer Consultancy was officially registered as a small business in Australia in 2002. Background BriefAustralia: ‘More Indonesia, LessGeneva’ – the New GovernmentCarlyle A. ThayerSeptember 24, 2013[client name deleted]We request your assessment of the following:Q 1. The new Australian Prime Minister, Tony Abbott, has suggested ‘moreIndonesia, less Europe’. What are the implications for Australia’s future diplomacy?ANSWER: The Abbott Government has moved quickly to align policy on foreignaffairs, defence, and economic, trade and aid issue. Prime Minister Abbott hasannounced he will give priority to visiting regional states – Indonesia, China, Japanand South Korea - before going to Washington and London.Indonesia is an emerging power whose economy is expected to overtake that ofAustralia in the decades to come. Indonesia is located to Australia’s immediatenorth and is Australia’s second closest neighbor after Papua New Guinea. It isimperative that Australia and Indonesia have the best possible bilateral relations.In practical terms, Indonesia will command priority attention. It was the mostcontentious issue in the recent national election. Some in Australia view the boatpeople as illegal migrants motivated by a desire for a better life. Others view theboat people as asylum seekers seeking safety from persecution back in their homecountries.There are two major irritants in relations with Indonesia that the new governmentseeks to address. Far and away the most important issue is boat people that stop inIndonesia on their way to Australia. The boat people are organized by criminalsyndicates of professional people-smugglers.Prime Minister Abbot has moved swiftly to assert control over Operation SovereignBorders, launched by the previous Government. Prime Minister Abbot wants to stopboats of so-called asylum seeker by turning them back. This has provoked a negativereaction in Indonesia. As a priority the Abbott government must work out anacceptable means of cooperation with Indonesia on this issue.The second irritant concerns the export of live beef to Indonesia. Last year the LaborGovernment announced the ban of live beef cattle to Indonesia after a televisiondocumentary showed cruel treatment in several of Indonesian abattoirs. TheAustralian government did not consult with Indonesia first. Indonesia retaliated byhalting imports. This year there was some negative Australian protectionist reactionThayer ConsultancyABN # 65 648 097 1232to a news report that Indonesian investors would buy a majority share in a huge cattle station and import live cattle into Indonesia. Prime Minister Abbott will have to reassure Indonesia about the reliability of Australian cattle sales.The case of Indonesia is illustrative of the Abbott Government’s greater stress on bilateral relations. Australia can also be expected to improve bilateral relations with both China and India. It is notable that both the defence and foreign ministers come from Western Australia which borders on the Indian Ocean.Q2. Australia has tried to hedge between Beijing and Washington. Do you think it is possible with Abbott's conservative nature?ANSWER: IMany Australian would not accept the premise of your question. Hedging refers to the strategic behavior of a country vis-à-

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The big engine on the plane would then propel it through air for several minutes. For the complete script, visit https://www.prageru.com/videos/why-private-investment-works-govt-investment-doesnt 6:18 Business plan of 2 crore with 30% subsidy by poultry depart Business plan of 2 crore with 30% subsidy by poultry depart Business plan of 2 crore with 30% subsidy by poultry depart published on 14 august 2017 in this video you can know about poultry schemes. the project cost is around 2 crore rupees and government providing 30 % subsidy. this scheme is for all indian and foreign countries peoples. to know more about it pls visit www.animalhusb.up.nic.in disclaimer this is not a promotional or paid video. it is only for education purpose and make awareness about govt. schemes. channel doesn't guarantee any income or profit from any crop or business idea. before choosing any plans who told in channels video please consult with any expert first because I am not an expert. information providing carefully but may be possibility of mistake . 3:30 Sir Humphrey and Jim Hacker discuss art subsidies Sir Humphrey and Jim Hacker discuss art subsidies Sir Humphrey and Jim Hacker discuss art subsidies Subsidy withdrawals and tax hikes push up prices (23 Jan 2018) LEADIN: The Jordanian government has announced new economic measures to generate hundreds of millions of dollars in revenue in 2018. But there are fears that scrapping subsidies and raising taxes will push more people into poverty. STORYLINE: There's plenty on sale in Amman's downtown market. But shoppers are braced for price rises. The Jordanian government has announced new economic measures which lift subsidies and cancel sales tax exemptions on a range of goods. Today (17 January), the tax on carbonated drinks is rising by 10 to 20 percent, Octane 95 and 98 gasoline by 30 percent and packets of cigarettes will cost an extra 0.20 Jordanian dinars (0.3 US dollars). From 1 February, the bread subsidy will also be lifted. Furthermore, the government is imposing charges of 500 to 1,500 dinars (700 to 2,100 US dollars) on imported cars, depending on their weight, while vehicle ownership transfer fess will be reduced by 30 dinars to 200. According to the cabinet, the total revenue expected from these measures will amount to 540 million Jordanian dinars (760 million US dollars). But analysts warn of serious consequences for citizens. "They will face more pressure to decrease expenses, and to reduce trade and economic activities," says economic analyst Hossam Ayyash. He says there could be an "increase of poverty" which will lead to problems with "civil and social peace". The Jordanian government has set aside funds to help the poorest cope with price rises. To qualify for the subsidy, a household's annual income must be less than 12,000 dinars (16,900 US dollars). For individuals, the limit is 6,000 dinars. So far, 230,000 families have signed up for the assistance. Beneficiaries of this National Aid Fund, will receive a cash subsidy of 33 dinars, while children of Jordanian women married to non-Jordanians and Gazans living in the kingdom will receive a subsidy of 27 dinars, if eligible. The government said that 6.2 million Jordanians will benefit from the cash support. But Amman resident Hiba Dobaoud says everyone is feeling the financial squeeze from the economic measures. "All the people are suffering, all the people are complaining, no one is happy, the effect: everyone is angry," she says. "Before we used to say that no one dies from starvation, but unfortunately now people will die from starvation." The sale tax on essential commodities will remain unchanged. Staples goods such as rice, sugar, flour, bulgur, cooking oil, meat, chicken, fish, fresh and powdered milk, eggs and tea will not see any hike in taxation. Goods such as school supplies, orthopaedic devices, sensory assistance equipment, pesticides, fertilisers and veterinary medicines will not see a rise in taxation either. The government also decided to include all senior citizens above 60-years-old in the health care insurance system and to raise the minimum wage from 190 to 200 dinars. These measures were taken as part of a larger governmental fiscal and economic reform to secure financial stability and stimulate the country's economic growth. You can license this story through AP Archive: http://www.aparchive.com/metadata/youtube/86fb76d40006b565c8b98b7d776d0e9f Find out more about AP Archive: http://www.aparchive.com/HowWeWork Buy Webcam I used for this video : https://goo.gl/3nrzy9 Buy Microphone I used for this video : https://goo.gl/jhgJeD Loan to BuildCold Storage | Get upto 50% Subsidy on Cold Storage | SBI Cold Storage Loan Link to NHB site : http://nhb.gov.in/coldstorage_scheme_guideline.aspx?enc=3ZOO8K5CzcdC/Yq6HcdIxGnFC+VjFQvFstMfkdm4FxM= 7:11 Fisheries Economics & Policy: Subsidies and Taxes Fisheries Economics & Policy: Subsidies and Taxes Fisheries Economics & Policy: Subsidies and Taxes This video is a part of Conservation Strategy Fund's collection of environmental economic lessons and was made possible thanks to the support of the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and the Marcia BradyTuckerFoundation. This series is for individuals who want to learn - or review - the basic economics of conservation. This video looks at subsidies and taxes in the fishery industry and how it effects the fisherman's incentives. The Fisheries Economics & Policy series will cover management strategies to preserve fishing in the long term and will include concepts such as open access, common pool resources, tragedy of the commons, maximum economic yield, taxes and subsidies, reducing effort, territorial use rights, transferable quotas and externalities. To follow this series, subscribe to our YouTube channel. For more information on these and other trainings from Conservation Strategy Fund, check out: http://www.conservation-strategy.org/ For copyright information on all sound effects, see http://www.conservation-strategy.org/en/page/csf-economic-video-lessons-sound-references subsidy fund (majaa drama) Public Housing Operating Fund Subsidy This presentation covers the 2014 Public Housing Operating Fund program funding process. An overview will be provided of the guidance notice, "Public Housing Operating Subsidy Eligibility Calculations for Calendar Year 2014." Additionally, an description of highlights and changes to the funding data collection process will be discussed. Agenda: I. Introduction and Overview of Presentation II. Highlights of Processing Notice for 2014 III. 2014 Operating Fund Subsidy Process published: 16 Aug 2013 Subsidies Explained in One Minute A one-minute video which explains what a subsidy is and refers to situations in which subsidies benefit society as a whole as well as to situations in which using them isn't exactly fair. Please like, comment and subscribe if you've enjoyed the video. To support the channel, give me a minute (see what I did there?) of your time by visiting OneMinuteEconomics.com and reading my message. Learn about interest subsidy on home loan or Home Loan Subsidy in this video. To give a boost to the mission of 'Housing for All by 2022' and also address the urban poor's housing requirement, the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) is being reworked. Of the four verticals of the scheme, 'Promotion of affordable housing for weaker section through credit linked subsidy' is the one that would appeal to the urbanites the most. There are two important changes being made to the scheme. First, while the existing guidelines are aimed at the economically weaker section (EWS) and the lower income group (LIG) category, earning Rs 3 lakh and Rs 6 lakh per annum respectively, two new subsidy slabs (yet to be notified) will bring in people earning up to Rs 12 lakh and Rs 18 lakh per annum into the fold... published: 17 Feb 2017 Why Private Investment Works & Govt. Investment Doesn't From transportation to energy, and everything in between, should the government invest money in as many promising projects as possible? Or would that actually doom many of those ventures to failure? Burt Folsom, historian and professor at Hillsdale College, answers those questions by drawing on the fascinating history of the race to build America's railroads and airplanes. Donate today to PragerU! http://l.prageru.com/2ylo1Yt Joining PragerU is free! Sign up now to get all our videos as soon as they're released. http://prageru.com/signup Download Pragerpedia on your iPhone or Android! Thousands of sources and facts at your fingertips. iPhone: http://l

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The impressive architecture did nothing to alleviate the stark quality of life, however. The streets were crowded, fear hung heavy. We often didn't have enough food, and it was the same food all the time. Plus, there were long lines out of each store. I waited with my parents, my sisters, for hours in line, it seemed like every day, and sometimes we'd get to the head of the line and there would be no more bread, or dumplings, or chicken, or whatever we had been waiting for. There were many things going on that I didn't understand. My parents' friends—other professors, artists, writers, musicians, doctors, scientists—were over all the time. They brought the food they had: chicken soup, potato cakes, Olivier salad, lamb dumplings, pickles, sauerkraut, braised cabbage, rye bread, sweet beets. My mother added a spice here, salt there, and somehow made it better. Everyone said so. They talked and laughed and argued around our wood table. And they whispered. "Hush ... quiet ... let me tell you, tell no one ... we need higher wages ... voting ... free elections ... religious freedom ... you must be careful, you must stop talking so much, Alexei ... You, too, Svetlana ... the time is not right for protesting ... still dangerous ... don't trust the government ... you are being watched ... they are listening ... the newspapers, simply an extension of the government ... propaganda on television, always they lie to us ... it's not safe for us ... no one knows what happened to Professor Popov ... to the priest ... to his brother ..." We were told, my sisters and I, not to talk about what we heard around that table. Our parents were, officially, members of the Communist Party. It was be a member or live a life of destitution with few job or educational opportunities. But we were secret Christians. In the Communist Party there was no God, no Jesus, no faith, no Christianity allowed. Had anyone known, my parents would have lost their jobs at the university. We would have been moved out of our apartment. My parents would have been able to find only low-paying jobs in a factory, if that. They might have lost custody of us or been sent to an insane asylum. Schools were state run and promoted and taught atheism. There were Russian Orthodox churches, more steeped in tradition, song, ritual, and liturgy, than God. In fact the KGB had infiltrated the Russian Orthodox church. They pretended to be priests and took confession. The Communist Party had demolished or closed thousands of mosques, temples, and churches over the years. We held church services in our home, with my uncles and their families. My mother's parents, Lada and Anatoly, came, as did my father's parents, Konstantin and Ekaterina, all loving people. My grandparents had known each other for decades. As kids, Valeria, Elvira, and I could smell fear around our family's wood table, as well as our mother's sugar-sprinkled pancakes. We could smell people's pervading sense of distrust and hatred toward the government, alongside her baked cinnamon apples. It was a government steeped in corruption, cronyism, spying, paranoia, and violence. Suspicion and obsession with possible dissidents ran high. The television was used for propaganda, the press controlled. The KGB peered into everyone's lives, and chased down and jailed without justice. The economy was stagnating, the government owned everything, the wages were pathetic, and a battle waged each day to buy enough food. Moscow, along with the rest of the Soviet Union, was suffocating and suffering. Life was too hard. But I was a child. I had loving parents who protected me from all they could. My mother and grandmothers taught my sisters and me to cook and sew. We loved to sit with them and sew small pillows using scraps of silk, cotton, even burlap. We lined them with rickrack, lace, or ruffled edges, or we embroidered flowers. We were taught to make our stitches precise, tight, and to use different stitches for different designs. Plus, I had my sisters who I could now and then hear in my head through my widow's peak, the Sabonis gift coming down the generation to me. We had friends. We played outside, bundled in coats. We went to school in uniform, with strict teachers, and we were called Oktyabrenok—October children, in reference to the revolution in October 1917. We were to behave well and study hard and memorize the party lines and songs and when we were older, we could become Young Pioneers, and wear the red scarf of the Communist Party. We did what they told us to do. We tried to ignore that tingling, black, confusing shadow that swirled around us, the hushed voices, the unexplained tears from our mother, and our father's tight face. We let it flow over our small shoulders. Then it all changed. * * * On Sunday I went over to my parents' home for dinner. My mother was babysitting Ailani and Koa because Valerie had work to do for her upcoming trial and Kai had a late shift. She was outside playing with Koa, who was dressed as a white monster, while Ailani and I cut out sugar cookies on the train station table. Ailani is in fifth grade. She has long black hair and likes to talk to her mother about crime and court proceedings. She said that school was sometimes "boring" and that she got in trouble when she made a speech recently. "Oh, uh." I could hardly wait to hear the topic. "What kind of trouble?" Ailani's forehead furrowed as she pressed the rolling pin down on the dough. "Not bad trouble. The teacher, Mrs. Phillips, said we all had to stand and talk for one minute. A lot of the kids were scared to be up in front of the class. Like they were afraid of getting bullied or something. I wasn't scared, because I knew what I was going to talk about." "Which was?" "Defensive wounds." Oh, my Lord. "A fascinating topic for a fifth grader." "Yes!" She grinned at me and picked up a flower cookie cutter. "You get it, Aunt Toni, I knew you would. You know what defensive wounds are, right?" I sure did. "I also told the whole class how to defend themselves against a kidnapper—poke out his eyes, bite his hand, smash his face up, stomp on his inner foot, scream your head off. I showed them how to put their weight on their left foot and bring their right foot up superhard into the man's nuts, and all the kids practiced kicking a kidnapper in the privates and poking out his eyes and then I had crime photos that I ... uh ... I ... uh ... borrowed from Mom ..." "Like for props?" "Yes!" Way to go, Aunt Toni! Ailani smiled. Then she frowned. "That's when I got into trouble. The teacher said the photos weren't appropriate. I hate that word: appropriate. But I said you don't want to end up dead like this, and the teacher said no more photos. Some of the kids said they were scared, and a boy started to cry." Whew. Well, that's our Ailani. I picked up a cookie cutter. It was a four-leaf clover. "Then I wanted to talk to the kids about how to get out of the trunk of a car if they got kidnapped, but the teacher said I had run out of time. She looked kinda tired." Ailani's face was confounded. She frowned, then she smiled. "But I think I'm getting an A because it's important to know about defensive wounds and how to escape from kidnappers, right?" I hardly knew what to say. My mother opened the door to the backyard, and Koa toddled in. "Hey, Koa!" Ailani bent down and hugged Koa the monster, then said, "He tried to eat my lizard today." "You tried to eat a lizard today, Koa?" I clamped my lips together and tried not to laugh. He smiled at me, not a lot of teeth. "I eat lizard." I brushed the hair back from his cowlick. "No, don't. They don't taste good." "Taste good." He giggled. "You need a lid that he can't lift off the lizard aquarium, Ailani." "I know. Mom's getting it." "If you don't, Mr. Grins here is going to eat him for lunch." "Brass knuckles," she said, rolling out more cookie dough. "What?" "The lizard's name is Brass Knuckles. You know. The weapon." "Yes, I know." "And I named my new goldfish, too." "I can hardly wait to hear their names." "Nunchucks and You're Arrested." "You have a lot going on in your head, don't you?" "Yes, I do. Sometimes it's too much and I have to lay my

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.App.3d 567, 573, 154 Cal.Rptr. 243, 246 (1979) (upholding statute). See also Mass.Gen.Laws Ann. ch. 229, 2 (West Cum.Supp.1980) (railroad not liable in wrongful death for negligence where decedent violated rules of carrier). [2] It is important to keep in mind that ad hoc application of 339 is not equivalent to evaluating child trespasser cases under the standard of "reasonable care to be exercised under all the circumstances," Blumenthal v. Cairo Hotel Corp., D.C.App., 256 A.2d 400, 402 (1969), which this court applies to invitees. See D.C. Transit System, Inc. v. Carney, D.C.App., 254 A.2d 402 (1969). Because of Firfer v. United States, 93 U.S.App.D.C. 216, 219, 208 F.2d 524, 528 (1953), there is a presumption that a trespasser assumes the risk of coming onto the property. That presumption, of course, is conclusive as to an adult, whereas it is rebuttable by a child. A child, however, has the burden to prove under 339(c) that he did not appreciate (and thus assume) the risk in coming onto the property. Beard, supra, 4 Cal.App.3d at 136, 84 Cal.Rptr. at 454. Similarly, the child has the burden under 339(d) and (e) to prove the feasibility of eliminating the danger or otherwise protecting children. Id. Accordingly, even though a child trespasser is not automatically barred from recovery, he must, because of Firfer, supra, carry a burden of proof which an invitee would not. The situation would be different, of course, if we were to abandon Firfer, supra, in favor of a single standard of reasonable care under the circumstances. See Blumenthal, supra at 402; Carney, supra, at 403; Smith v. Arbaugh's Restaurant, Inc., 152 U.S.App.D.C. 86, 96, 469 F.2d 97, 107 (1972), cert. denied, 412 U.S. 939, 93 S.Ct. 2774, 37 L.Ed.2d 399 (1973); Rowland v. Christian, 69 Cal.2d 108, 117, 70 Cal.Rptr. 97, 104, 443 P.2d 561, 568 (1968) (en banc); Mile High Fence Co. v. Radovich, 175 Colo. 537, 548, 489 P.2d 308, 314 (1971) (en banc); Pickard v. City & County of Honolulu, 51 Haw. 134, 135, 452 P.2d 445, 446 (1969); Ouellette v. Blanchard, 116 N.H. 552, 557, 364 A.2d 631, 634 (1976); Basso v. Miller, 40 N.Y.2d 233, 241, 386 N.Y.S.2d 564-568, 352 N.E.2d 868, 872 (1976); Mariorenzi v. Joseph DiPonte, Inc., 114 R.I. 294, 307, 333 A.2d 127, 133 (1975). See generally Comment, The Common Law Tort Liability of Owners and Occupiers of Land: A Trap for the Unwary, 36 Md.L.Rev. 816 (1977). I am reluctant to reconsider Firfer, supra, until we are presented a more typical case, perhaps involving an adult trespasser. See Soule v. Massachusetts Electric Co., Mass., 390 N.E.2d 716, 721 (1979). [3] Penn Central's situation is different. I would affirm the grant of summary judgment. Appellants did not file a Rule 12-I(k) statement controverting Penn Central's statement of material facts or setting forth any other genuine issue of material fact. It is therefore undisputed that appellant's injury occurred on the B & O right-of-way and was not caused by a Penn Central train. Thus, the only possible basis for Penn Central liability would be a breach of duty to help protect child trespassers against injury from a B & O train (or any other train) on B & O property contiguous to Penn Central tracks where appellant may have been playing. Given six contiguous, parallel tracksÔÇöthree B & O, then three Penn CentralÔÇöit would be logical to conclude that any duty to child trespassers should be the railroads' joint responsibility. Absent a barrier between parallel track properties, it is arguably as foreseeable that a child with easy access to Penn Central tracks will be injured by a B & O train a few yards away as it is that a Penn Central train will strike the child. On the other hand, the law is well established, at least in other contexts, that a possessor of land does not have a duty to protect someone on his property against a dangerous condition on adjacent propertyÔÇöfor example, by fencing. Cousins v. Yaeger, 394 F.Supp. 595, 604-05 (E.D.Pa.1975); Villani v. Wilmington Housing Authority, 48 Del. 450, 453, 106 A.2d 211, 213 (1954); Corcoran v. City of San Mateo, 122 Cal.App.2d 355, 358, 265 P.2d 102, 104 (1953); see Jones v. United States, 241 F.2d 26, 28-29 (4th Cir.1957). A California appellate court, in fact, has acknowledged this rule in the present context, though without much elaboration, noting that a railroad did not have a duty to protect against injury on the nearby track of another. Gutirrez, supra 174 Cal.App.2d at 870-71, 345 P.2d at 328. I would not find such a duty here, for it would require standards especially difficult to formulate and apply. In the first place, assuming a potential joint duty, it is not clear how to define and evaluate whether the two railroads' tracks are physically so close to one another that one railroad could not, as a practical matter, be expected to bear responsibility alone for protecting wayward children against entry. Second, the implications of one railroad's refusing to cooperate are unclear. Third, proximate cause problems would be compounded by the possibility that one railroad would face liability for injury to a child by another railroad on the other's own right-of-way. 411 Mass. 788 (1992) 586 N.E.2d 3 ANN M. SHAHZADE vs. C.J. MABARDY, INC. Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, Middlesex. October 7, 1991. February 13, 1992. Present: LIACOS, C.J., WILKINS, LYNCH, O'CONNOR, & GREANEY, JJ. Richard T. Corbett for the defendant. Richard d'A. Belin for the plaintiff. LIACOS, C.J. This is a personal injury action arising out of an automobile accident involving the plaintiff, Ann M. Shahzade, and an employee of the defendant corporation, *789 C.J. Mabardy, Inc.[1] The case was tried to a jury which returned a verdict for the plaintiff in the amount of $300,000. After a motion for a new trial was denied, the defendant appealed to the Appeals Court. We transferred the case to this court on our own motion. The defendant argues the trial judge failed to conduct an impartial trial, and that he erred in refusing to instruct the jury "on the issue of plaintiff's comparative negligence, both as a result of her sudden stopping of her vehicle and her failure to use a seat belt." We affirm. In November, 1984, the plaintiff was stopped in a line of traffic approaching a stop sign at the intersection of Cross Street and Lake Street in Belmont, when her automobile was hit from behind by a pickup truck owned by the defendant and driven by the defendant's employee, Joseph Murphy. The parties differ slightly in their accounts of the events immediately preceding the accident. The plaintiff testified that she had stopped and waited in the line of traffic before she was hit unexpectedly from behind. Murphy testified that he and the plaintiff both had been stopped in the line of traffic, that the plaintiff proceeded and that he followed, that the plaintiff then stopped "suddenly, unexpected[ly]," and that Murphy did not have enough time to stop. Murphy estimated that he was travelling fifteen miles an hour when he struck the plaintiff's automobile. The plaintiff, who was not wearing a seat belt,[2] was thrown forward in her automobile and her head hit the steering wheel. The plaintiff was shaken but was able to drive her automobile home. Once home, she called a friend to take her to the emergency department at Choate-Symmes Hospital, where she was examined, treated, and released. *790 The next morning the plaintiff noticed that her left eye was red. She made an appointment with an ophthamologist, Dr. Paul Barsam, who determined that the plaintiff had sustained an ocular contusion, or a blow to the eye, which resulted in "edema, or swelling, like a blister" in the back of her left eye. The plaintiff subsequently developed complications in both eyes, including retinal detachment in her right eye. By the time of trial in 1989, the plaintiff had lost 40% of the vision in her right eye. Barsam testified that the

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services and accompanying documentation are comprised of "commercial computer software" and "commercial computer software documentation" as such terms are used in 48 C.F.R. 12.212 (SEPT 1995) and are provided to the Government (i) for acquisitions by or on behalf of civilian agencies, consistent with the policy set forth in 48 C.F.R. 12.212; or (ii) for acquisitions by or on behalf of units of the Department of Defense, consistent with the policies set forth in 48 C.F.R. 227.7202-1 (JUN 1995) and 227.7202-3 (JUN 1995). Unpublished rights reserved under the copyright laws of the United States. Errors and Corrections While we use reasonable efforts to include accurate and current information on our Site, we do not warrant or represent that the Site will be error-free. Data entry errors or other technical problems may sometimes result in inaccurate information being shown. 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103-432, § 154, 108 Stat. 4437 (1994) ("Section 154"), published at 42 U.S.C. § 1395b-3 (note). Plaintiffs, who advocate for the interests of senior citizens, include numerous low-income Medicare beneficiaries in their memberships. (Compl. at ¶¶ 3-6.) They allege that, under section 1395b-3, defendants are responsible for establishing "a comprehensive plan of information, counseling and assistance to assure that low income Medicare beneficiaries learn about the buy-in program[s] and how to participate in [them,]" and that defendants have breached this responsibility. (Compl. at ¶ 1.) The primary relief they seek is an injunction ordering defendants to aggressively provide information and aid to those Medicare beneficiaries qualified for the buy-in programs. Defendants have moved to dismiss, or, in the alternative, for summary judgment. They argue that (1) plaintiffs lack standing to bring the complaint; (2) the efforts of the Secretary of Health and Human Services ("the Secretary") pursuant to section 1395b-3 and section 154 are not subject to judicial review; and (3) if subject to judicial review, these efforts constitute a reasonable interpretation of his statutory responsibilities.[7] DISCUSSION I. Motion to Dismiss A. Standing Defendants have challenged the standing of plaintiffs to bring their claim. To establish standing under Article III, a plaintiff must demonstrate that: (1) he has suffered an injury in fact; (2) the injury is fairly traceable to the defendant's conduct; and (3) it is likely the injury will be redressed by a favorable decision. Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife, 504 U.S. 555, 560-61, 112 S.Ct. 2130, 119 L.Ed.2d 351 (1992); see also Motor & Equip. Mfrs. Ass'n v. Nichols, 142 F.3d 449, 456-57 (D.C.Cir. 1998). An organization has standing to sue if it meets this same test. Spann v. Colonial Village, Inc., 899 F.2d 24, 27 (D.C.Cir.1990). Defendants do not contest the first two elements. They do, however, argue that the harms alleged by plaintiffs would not be redressed by a favorable decision. Plaintiffs disagree. This argument is, at bottom, about the nature of the harm alleged. Defendants argue that the harm alleged is solely economic individual members must pay Medicare premiums which would otherwise be covered by the buy-in programs and the plaintiff organizations themselves must expend resources educating their members about the programs. Defendants argue that because the states have the primary responsibility for administering the buy-in programs and enrolling eligible beneficiaries, it is "sheer speculation" that ordering defendants to provide different or further information, counseling or assistance services under section 1395b-3 will result in increased enrollment in these programs, and reduced harm to the plaintiffs. Defs.' Mot. at 8-9. Plaintiffs respond that the harm is not only the economic loss which results from a lack of information, counseling, and assistance, but the lack of information, counseling, and assistance itself. If defendants complied with their obligations under section 1395b-3, plaintiffs argue, this harm would be addressed by providing the required services to those who need it. *72 Plaintiffs also argue that satisfactory delivery of these services will lead to increased enrollment in the buy-in programs and reduce the economic harms suffered by their members and themselves. Plaintiffs have the better argument. An infringement of an individual's statutory right to receive information can support standing. Pub. Citizen v. Fed. Trade Comm'n, 869 F.2d 1541, 1548 (D.C.Cir.1989). In Public Citizen, plaintiff organizations had standing to challenge an exception to the warning label requirements of the Smokeless Tobacco Act in 1986 because their members were "being deprived of warnings to which they are legally entitled." Id. Further, affirmative denials of information, as with a request under the Freedom of Information of Act or the Federal Advisory Committee Act, constitute sufficiently distinct injuries to provide standing to sue. Pub. Citizen v. U.S. Dep't of Justice, 491 U.S. 440, 449, 109 S.Ct. 2558, 105 L.Ed.2d 377 (1989). Here, plaintiffs have statutory rights both to receive information, counseling and assistance through a beneficiary assistance program under section 1395b-3(c), and to be made aware of the program itself under section 1395b-3(e) and section 154. Plaintiffs allege defendants' failure to comply properly with these provisions has denied plaintiffs' members sufficient access to the information and services provided for in section 1395b-3. The allegation of such a denial of information to which one is legally entitled supports standing under Public Citizen. Moreover, plaintiffs need not prove that granting the requested relief is certain to redress their injuries. Int'l Ladies Garment Union v. Donovan, 722 F.2d 795, 811 (D.C.Cir.1983), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 820, 105 S.Ct. 93, 83 L.Ed.2d 39, (1984) (citing Duke Power Co. v. Carolina Envtl. Study Group, Inc., 438 U.S. 59, 78, 98 S.Ct. 2620, 57 L.Ed.2d 595, (1978)). Where the requested relief would only "significantlyrather than completely redress the [plaintiffs'] injuries, this would be sufficient" to establish standing. Id. at 811-812 n. 27. Here, the primary harm alleged by plaintiffs is lack of information and services. Defendants argue that the remedy plaintiffs seek would "only mean that the Secretary would be required to disseminate the same information in a different way." Defs.' Mot. at 10. However, plaintiffs are not simply challenging the content of the information provided under section 1395b-3 but rather the "way" in which that information is provided, namely in a manner insufficient to reach eligible beneficiaries. Relief that would provide even the same information but in a manner that does reach all or most eligible beneficiaries would significantly redress the injury allegedly caused by defendants' inadequate provision of those services to plaintiffs' members eligible to receive them. It would further significantly redress the injury to the plaintiff organizations themselves by obviating the need for those organizations to educate their members about the buy-in programs. Accordingly, I find that plaintiffs have standing to bring their claims in this court. B. Judicial Review Courts in this Circuit begin with "the strong presumption that Congress intends judicial review of administrative action ... and that the court will not deny review unless there is persuasive reason to believe that such was the purpose of Congress." Ramah Navajo Sch. Bd., Inc. v. Babbitt, 87 F.3d 1338, 1343-44 (D.C.Cir. 1996) (internal citations and quotations omitted). However, judicial review is not appropriate where either (1) Congress has affirmatively precluded judicial review or (2) the statute at issue is "drawn so that a court would have no meaningful standard against which to judge the agency's exercise *73 of discretion." Heckler v. Chaney, 470 U.S. 821, 830, 105 S.Ct. 1649, 84 L.Ed.2d 714 (1985). Judicial review is not expressly precluded in the text of the statutes at issue here. Defendants argue, though, that (1) judicial review is precluded by the legislative history of section 1395b-3, which indicates the Program was to receive a lump-sum appropriation; and (2) that section 1395b-3 falls squarely within the second Chaney exception. These arguments are unpersuasive. First, it is not clear that Congress meant to prevent judicial review of the Secretary's actions under section 1395b-3 by granting it a lump-sum appropriation. Defendants point to the Conference Report for section 1395b-3, which states that the Health Care Financing Administration ("HCFA") would be responsible for providing these services "pending available resources." H.R. Conf. Rep. No. 101-946, 101st Cong., 2d Sess. at 905, reprinted in 1990 U.S.C.C.A.N. They argue that this language indicates the Program is to be funded from the agency's lump-sum appropriation, which is traditionally regarded as committed to agency discretion and not subject to judicial review. Lincoln v. Vigil, 508 U.S. 182, 192, 113 S.Ct. 2024, 124 L.Ed.2d 101 (1993). However, Congress cannot place conditions upon the Secretary's use of funds through language in a conference report accompanying a bill. Id. at 193, 113 S.Ct. 2024. The plain language of the statutes gives no guidance as to how the program is to be paid for or whether allocation of funds for the Program or the Method should be left to the discretion of the Secretary. The snippet of legislative history relied on by defendants is neither an explicit nor an implicit preclusion of judicial review. Second, the statute at issue here provides a "meaningful standard against which to judge the agency's exercise of discretion." Heckler, 470 U.S. at 830, 105 S.Ct. 1649. Agency action is committed to agency discretion by law if the statute authorizing the agency action is "drawn in such broad terms that in a given case there is no law to apply." Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe, 401 U.S. 402, 410, 91 S.Ct. 814, 28 L.Ed.2

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vote of no confidence"? A true vote of no-confidence would be a rejection of the contract. You kinda can't have it both ways. Either you accept the contract, and the bureaucracy on the other side of the table, including MJG, OR you vote NO. If you accept the contract, but then vote no-confidence, to sort of whine about it in lamest way... it would be exceedingly weak. Don't these two people know that MAP is a formative assessment not suitable for teacher evaluation? If so, why did the district push for this (and who knows, it might still be a part of this "tentative agreement" discussed tonight) Mr. Bernetek was Carla Santorno's chief data cherry-picker in charge for the Everyday Math adoption on May 30, 2007. What he knows and what he reports are often two different things. He acts like most of the Central Administrative toadies. Gates Data Fellow Dr. Eric M. Anderson (of REA) authored an NTN memo on Jan 29, 2010 that was NOT toadie work and also a paper that looked at increasing achievement in diverse urban districts (for the failing schools grant the West Seattle and Hawthorne Elementary schools won.) that ran counter to the MGJ toadie's views. I have had very positive interactions with Mr. Anderson. He understands data, its proper use and its improper use. There aren't many in the JSCEE about whom I can say that. So far he has been very candid about what numbers mean and don't mean. Mr. Bernetek also understands data and its meaning. He started out very candid, but has, on a couple of occassions allowed the meaning of data to be misrepresented and has, a couple times, done a little lying with statistics himself. That's not unforgivable. I've certainly done it, as, I presume, everyone who presents numbers for a living must do at times. I differ with you Charlie, as to your assertion that its forgivable for Mr Bernatek to lie about the numbers/stats... Mr Bernatek works for us... he has a fiduciary/ethical responsibility to present us with the truth... If his boss (MGJ) wants him to lie about the numbers to help push her agenda, then he has a duty to resist that, and to make it public... I was sacked from a job because I would not comply with my employer's demand that I lie about circulation figures for a magazine of which I was the advertising manager... my predecessor had gone along with the lie, thereby defrauding his advertising clients of substantial amounts of money... This, I found out, was the modus operandi across the entire range of magazines published by this company... I reported the company to the appropriate authorities, it was put under regulatory supervision and 6 months later collapsed. With that collapse came the revelation that the company owner had embezzled more than $1.5M from his investors and $800K was never accounted for.... We should not be in the position that we need to double check all senior management work on the off chance they are lying to us, and then having to call them out on it when we find out they are... Mr. Bernatek and I (and just about everyone else who knows what they are doing with numbers) don't lie ABOUT statistics. We don't misstate the numbers. We lie WITH statistics. We tell the true, correct numbers, but we tell them in a biased way. It's easy to do. You just have to know little tricks like adjusting the scale on charts. The difference between 102 and 108 looks a lot bigger if the scale is from 100 to 110. It looks a lot smaller if the scale is 0 to 200. You can say that X is 10% more than Y, or that X is 110% of Y. Which makes the difference sound bigger? Would you say that J is 33% more than K or would you say that K is 25% less than J? You can say that something cost $360 a year or $30 a month or less than a dollar a day. Which makes it sound like less? They are all true and correct. What would the monorail have cost? When stating the cost would you include the interest or not? Is it a lie to leave the interest cost off the price? What does a house cost - with the interest? Are the dollars expressed in current dollars or future dollars? All of these methods are easy to learn, easy to use, and, for the initiated, easy to detect. Once you are familiar with the tricks you can spot them quickly. I refer you to the 1954 classic manual by Darrell Huff, How to Lie with Statistics. I have a copy on my bookshelf and I recommend it for yours. But none of these methods include actually misstating the numbers. That would indeed be unforgivable. and my point was, Charlie, that one ought not to need to be one of the initiated to find one's way through the statistical minefield... One ought to be able to trust paid public servants to tell the complete unvarnished truth about the numbers... they are not paid to have an agenda or to mess around with the graphics to fit someone else's agenda... As a parent, I am completely in the dark about how the bargaining team and district have come to a tentative agreement. But I wonder if that EPI study had anything to do with it. It's in the Washington Post now - that would be a major embarrassment if the district tried to enforce something that even the Washington Post says is unsupported by evidence. Here's the story: Maybe the HSPE scores ARE on topic. We are discussing the contract, the major sticking point being teacher evaluation using tests based on standards. We have the Soon-to-be-announced federal standards, the HSPE standards, the MAP standards, the new Department standards, standards of living, light standards and standard deviation. A similar article urging caution on VAMs is on the front page of the NY Times now too: http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/01/education/01teacher.html I feel like all of us here were ahead of the curve, finding and reporting on the various studies out there, like the Schocket and Chiang paper about random errors and the National Academies position statement from October 2009 stating that VAMs should only be used in pilot projects. Both are mentioned by the NY Times reporter. Maybe citizen bloggers can affect the news! oops, Lori, the hyper link I created doesn't work, goes to a "page not found" message. I tried copying and pasting your link, that didn't work. Then I tried just searching "teachers" under today's NY Times....nothin' (there WAS a scary Thomas Friedman op-ed extolling charters, the wonderful new merit pay in DC, and the movie "Waiting for Superman"... hmmm, maybe you need toe signed in to the Times to read it? The title of the article is "Formula to Grade Teachers’ Skill Gains in Use, and Critics" and it's right on the home page of the Times when I pull it up on-line. It's by Sam Dillon and first published on line earlier this evening. From SEA's facebook page:"The Seattle EA and district continued today to work through the final contract details before atentative agreement is in place to take to SEA members for a vote on Thursday. #seabargain" This, I'm informed, was sent at 6:30 pm Monday via district email to all staff by the Office of Communications and Public Affairs: "We’re very pleased to let you know that SEA and SPS believe that we have reached tentative agreement. We will meet again tomorrow, Tuesday, to confirm final details and will provide information about the tentative agreement at 4:30 p.m. Tuesday." They find it interesting, among other things, that the Dept of Ed did it's own report questioning VA evaluation, yet still required districts to use it in RTTT applications...Melissa is right: It's time to stop this train on its tracks until a bit more unbiased research is conducted....by the conductor...not the engineer...nor the fireman... (and yes, I have been refreshing FB and twitter and the newspaper ALL afternoon and evening looking for the updates on the negotiations. As someone campaigning against the levy, I WANT to know if the levy is pertinent!) I wish EVERYONE would use links instead of copy/pasting long articles. That turns folks off from reading further and becoming part of the conversation, when there are multiple long posts all from the same people. Let's ALL try to be good about using links and keeping our comments to the point. About these contracts though, good golly, I am wondering what the story is. What happened today to derail what they thought was an agreement? And WHEN will the Principal's vote on their contract? What a stitch, the very idea that principals have a union. Can you imagine them striking? Wouldn't that be something! Olgae Addae is checking - and very quickly - responding to e-mails. [email protected] I wrote and expressed my support for teachers - and what I believe Charlie posted -- requesting that teachers not strike but continue to work even without a contract, and if need be have the District lock them out. I agree - little to no public empathy if the teacher's strike as the District

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* * @param bimg the BufferedImage that will be used as a destination for * a {@code PixelReader<IntBuffer>#getPixels()} operation. * @return */ private static WritablePixelFormat<IntBuffer> getAssociatedPixelFormat(BufferedImage bimg) { switch (bimg.getType()) { // We lie here for xRGB, but we vetted that the src data was opaque // so we can ignore the alpha. We use ArgbPre instead of Argb // just to get a loop that does not have divides in it if the // PixelReader happens to not know the data is opaque. case BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB: case BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB_PRE: return PixelFormat.getIntArgbPreInstance(); case BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB: return PixelFormat.getIntArgbInstance(); default: // Should not happen... throw new InternalError("Failed to validate BufferedImage type"); } } private static boolean checkFXImageOpaque(PixelReader pr, int iw, int ih) { for (int x = 0; x < iw; x++) { for (int y = 0; y < ih; y++) { Color color = pr.getColor(x,y); if (color.getOpacity() != 1.0) { return false; } } } return true; } /** * Snapshots the specified JavaFX {@link Image} object and stores a * copy of its pixels into a {@link BufferedImage} object, creating * a new object if needed. * The method will only convert a JavaFX {@code Image} that is readable * as per the conditions on the * {@link Image#getPixelReader() Image.getPixelReader()} * method. * If the {@code Image} is not readable, as determined by its * {@code getPixelReader()} method, then this method will return null. * If the {@code Image} is a writable, or other dynamic image, then * the {@code BufferedImage} will only be set to the current state of * the pixels in the image as determined by its {@link PixelReader}. * Further changes to the pixels of the {@code Image} will not be * reflected in the returned {@code BufferedImage}. * <p> * The optional {@code BufferedImage} parameter may be reused to store * the copy of the pixels. * A new {@code BufferedImage} will be created if the supplied object * is null, is too small or of a type which the image pixels cannot * be easily converted into. * * @param img the JavaFX {@code Image} to be converted * @param bimg an optional {@code BufferedImage} object that may be * used to store the returned pixel data * @return a {@code BufferedImage} containing a snapshot of the JavaFX * {@code Image}, or null if the {@code Image} is not readable. * @since JavaFX 2.2 */ public static BufferedImage fromFXImage(Image img, BufferedImage bimg) { PixelReader pr = img.getPixelReader(); if (pr == null) { return null; } int iw = (int) img.getWidth(); int ih = (int) img.getHeight(); PixelFormat<?> fxFormat = pr.getPixelFormat(); boolean srcPixelsAreOpaque = false; switch (fxFormat.getType()) { case INT_ARGB_PRE: case INT_ARGB: case BYTE_BGRA_PRE: case BYTE_BGRA: // Check fx image opacity only if // supplied BufferedImage is without alpha channel if (bimg != null && (bimg.getType() == BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR || bimg.getType() == BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB)) { srcPixelsAreOpaque = checkFXImageOpaque(pr, iw, ih); } break; case BYTE_RGB: srcPixelsAreOpaque = true; break; } int prefBimgType = getBestBufferedImageType(pr.getPixelFormat(), bimg, srcPixelsAreOpaque); if (bimg != null) { int bw = bimg.getWidth(); int bh = bimg.getHeight(); if (bw < iw || bh < ih || bimg.getType() != prefBimgType) { bimg = null; } else if (iw < bw || ih < bh) { Graphics2D g2d = bimg.createGraphics(); g2d.setComposite(AlphaComposite.Clear); g2d.fillRect(0, 0, bw, bh); g2d.dispose(); } } if (bimg == null) { bimg = new BufferedImage(iw, ih, prefBimgType); } DataBufferInt db = (DataBufferInt)bimg.getRaster().getDataBuffer(); int data[] = db.getData(); int offset = bimg.getRaster().getDataBuffer().getOffset(); int scan = 0; SampleModel sm = bimg.getRaster().getSampleModel(); if (sm instanceof SinglePixelPackedSampleModel) { scan = ((SinglePixelPackedSampleModel)sm).getScanlineStride(); } WritablePixelFormat<IntBuffer> pf = getAssociatedPixelFormat(bimg); pr.getPixels(0, 0, iw, ih, pf, data, offset, scan); return bimg; } } Hillary '08 NOVEMBER 30, 2006 Hugh Syme's Cover for Rush's Moving Pictures. Without disclosing the name of the magazine I did this for, I was assigned an illustration of Hillary Clinton. I was meeting illustrators up at the Society of Illustrators and saw Anita Kunz. She said she passed on the job. That's always funny. I used to get bummed to be the second call, but I would absolutely call Anita first. The concept I was working with was that a Hillary campaign for President would be a brutal process and she is the GOP's top nemesis. They hate her. Still, she forges ahead. Joan of Arc seemed a nice portrait twist. I said I would do it if I could come in close; the AD wanted to see all of her and the area below her feet. Too much background and I lose my eye contact connection. I did a rough sketch that indicated my pose. I kept seeing the Hugh Syme album cover for Rush's 'Moving Pictures' in which movers are moving paintings. (Hugh Syme is an amazing artist). My thumbnail of Hillary at the stake When I have a job and am being asked to do something I would rather not do, I try to show the AD what I would do. I rarely charge for this preview if I request to show my idea. It's a good faith offer to have them consider my design. Most often I get to do what I offer. Thumbnail with Tweaks However, I am wary of showing thumbnails. My roughs are so different from my finished illustrations and if the publisher or art director doesn't know me I worry that they will get cold feet. So before I sent my rough, sketched in minutes, I photoshopped a bit of environment that I thought might sell my idea. A more accurate drawing The client approved the design and environment, but wanted more of her and for me to turn her a bit more in order to see the stake. I then had the time and at the Society of Illustrators while the editorial jury was working, did this drawing. A sexy drawing of Hillary with environment. The client approved the sketch. I then took my drawing and shot it and imported it into photoshop to show the general tone. One additional comment was to NOT have her in flames but merely indicate some smoke around her. Reference for her body In cases like this, a client provides me reference of the subject. The reference in this case was perfect if I pushed her pissed off look a bit, so I had to fit a body to her head. I purchased a stock photo to use for her body. While not perfect it was enough information for me. The headshot of Hillary had restricted uses so I can't show it here, but the top

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't worry about it. Don't stop. Don't contemplate walking. Defeatism is not allowed. It also makes for poor time. Keep on keeping on. Think of the long-distance lorry driver and how he gets further up the road in a shorter time than the flash-car motorist that is forever pulling over to service stations. Or think of the tortoise and the hare. It is all about keeping going. Don't expect to master the art of hill climbing overnight. But if you keep at it then it will come to you. A: The gradient and length of your hill will influence how you handle it. Generally speaking it is good to maintain your momentum for as long as you can. Standing up is fine if you're intending to power up a short hill. If you're in it for a long slog, it is good to stay seated, put your hands on the flats, breath deeply and keep the upper body as relaxed as possible. Occasionally stand up and mash to break the monotony or force your cadence higher but you'll waste energy if you do it too much. It certainly is possible to be in too low of a gear (especially on a triple like you have). If you're spinning quickly and the steering is slightly wobbly, your gear is too low and you should try something higher and go faster. Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY) suggested expanding the United States’s two party system in an interview Thursday. MSNBC’s Chuck Todd questioned the freshman congresswoman about whether her brand of Democratic socialism can appeal outside of her deep blue New York district, before probing about whether the two-party system reflects the diverse viewpoints of the country. “Do you think it would be helpful for our system if we have four or five parties?” Todd asked. The Democrat agreed. “Four or five, I think that’s fine,” she added. “It sounds like the two major parties, you feel like, don’t serve this well,” Todd followed up. “I think that it’s totally fine to say that a two party system is, especially in this time of gridlock, is sometimes a difficult thing to navigate,” she replied. “It’s a normal thing to say after these years and years and decades of gridlock. Saying, maybe something here is structurally wrong.” “I think it’s a fine conversation to have,” she added. Earlier in the interview, Ocasio-Cortez said she considers herself a capitalist, which she argued can be reconciled with her Democratic socialism. Watch above, via MSNBC. Have a tip we should know? [email protected] Star halfway across the universe was visible to naked eye for 30 secs on Wednesday - alexwg http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/03/080321-brightest-object.html ====== dhimes Those of you interested in astronomical things may enjoy <http://www.badastronomy.com/> ------ mynameishere [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_ray_burst#Mass_extinction...](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_ray_burst#Mass_extinction_on_Earth) ------ trekker7 Wow, this is amazing. Anybody on HN happen to see it? ------ doubleplus Halfway across the visible universe, not the entire universe, which is 90+ billion light years across. 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