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301 | Myocarditis is associated with infection with | A. Hiv, B. Borrelia Spp., C. Ebv, D. Strep. Viridans, | A,B |
302 | Viral meningitis | A. This Is Usually A Mild, Self-Limiting Disease, B. It Is Most Commonly Caused By Hsv-1 Infection, C. It Occurs Most Commonly In Winter, D. Examination Of The Csf Shows A Lymphocytosis, | A,D |
303 | The virulence of streptococci is increased by the following | A. Bacterial Production Of Streptokinase, B. The Presence Of Cell Surface G-Proteins, C. Being An Encapsulated Organism, D. Bacterial Production Of Panton– Valentine Leukocidin, | A,C |
304 | HIV/AIDS | A. Aids Is Defined In The Uk By A Cd4 Count ,200, B. Seroconversion Occurs Within 4 Weeks Of Infection, C. Opportunistic Infections Occur During Seroconversion, D. It Is A Lentivirus, | C,D |
305 | The following are live vaccines | A. Measles, B. Hepatitis B, C. Bcg, D. Influenza, | A,C |
306 | Food poisoning | A. This Is A Notifiable Disease, B. When Caused By Staph. Aureus, It Occurs 12 – 48 Hours After Ingestion Of Contaminated Food, C. That Caused By Shigella Spp. Is Associated With Acute, Watery, Bloody Diarrhoea, D. Salmonella Food Poisoning Is Most Likely If Accompanied By Severe Abdominal Pain, | A,C |
307 | Osteomyelitis in children | A. This Results Mostly From Staphylococcal Infection, B. When Caused By Haemophilus Sp., It Occurs As A Complication Of Sickle Cell Disease, C. It Most Commonly Arises From Overlying Trauma, D. It Most Commonly Affects The Femur, | A,D |
308 | B lymphocytes | A. These Are Produced In The Bone Marrow Before Maturing In Thymic Tissue, B. They Are The Predominant Circulating Lymphocytes, C. The Primary Function Is Antibody Production, D. They Act As Antigen-Presenting Cells, | C,D |
309 | The following virus and method of spread associations are correct | A. Adenovirus – Faecal– Oral, B. Varicella – Airborne, C. Cmv – Blood Borne, D. Hepatitis A – Blood Borne, | A,B,C |
310 | Defects in the immune response and associated pathogens are as follows | A. Complement Deficiency – Candida Spp., B. Complement Deficiency – Neisseria Spp., C. T-Cell Deficiency – Cmv, D. Neutropenia – Candida Spp., | B,C,D |
311 | Tetanus | A. Cl. Tetani Is A Facultative Anaerobic Bacillus, B. The Neurotoxin Tetanospasmin Blocks Acetylcholine Transmission, C. Tetanospasmin Reversibly Binds To Peripheral Nerve Terminals, D. Recovery From Tetanus Does Not Confer Immunity, | D |
312 | Which of the following zones have considerable rooted vegetation? | A. Littoral Zone, B. Limnetic Zone, C. Profundal Zone, D. Benthic Zone, | A |
313 | In regions of the estuary that are nutritionally poor, it is more likely to find which of the following organisms? | A. Coliforms, B. Appendaged Bacteria, C. Viruses, D. Fecal Streptococci, | B |
314 | Which of the following genus of bacteria is not found in fresh waters? | A. Pseudomonas, B. Flavobacterium, C. Aeromonas, D. Vibrio, | D |
315 | Rapidly expanding urbanization makes it difficult to generalize upon typical microbial flora of streams. | A. True, B. False, | A |
316 | The vaporised water is called | A. Ground Water, B. Atmospheric Water, C. Surface Water, D. Impounded Water, | B |
317 | The study of marine microbes is called | A. Marine Microbiology, B. Marinology, C. Marine Bacteriology, D. None Of These, | A |
318 | Major faecal contaminant in potable water is | A. Escherichia Coli, B. Streptococcus Faecalis, C. Both A And B, D. Escherichia Coli Only, | C |
319 | IMVIC test includes | A. Indole Test And Methyl Red Test, B. Voges Proskauer Test, C. Citrate Test, D. All Of These, | D |
320 | Disinfection include | A. Chlorination, B. Uv Radiation, C. Ozonation, D. All Of The Above, | D |
321 | Purification strategies in municipal water supplies involves | A. Sedimentation, B. Filtration, C. Disinfection, D. All Of The Above, | D |
322 | The moisture contained in clouds and precipitated as snow,hail,rain etc constitutes _________________ | A. Atmospheric Water, B. Surface Water, C. Groundwater, D. Subterranean Water, | A |
323 | The surface waters are susceptible to contamination with microorganisms from | A. The Air, B. The Surface Runoff, C. Precipitation, D. Atmospheric Water And The Surface Runoff, | D |
324 | Which of the following is subterranean water? | A. Atmospheric Water, B. Surface Water, C. Groundwater, D. Rainwater, | C |
325 | Wells less than ___________ deep are considered to be shallow. | A. 1 Ft, B. 100 Ft, C. 50 Ft, D. 1000 Ft, | B |
326 | Thermus aquaticus, a common bacterial inhabitant generally prevails in temperatures of ____________ | A. 0º C, B. 30º-40ºc, C. 70º-72ºc, D. 80º-85ºc, | C |
327 | Hydrostatic pressure increases the boiling point of water but does not change the solubility of nutrients. | A. True, B. False, | B |
328 | Primary producers are found growing in which of the following layers of water? | A. Upper Layer, B. Middle Layer, C. Intermediate Layer, D. Bottom Layer, | A |
329 | The degree of salinity in freshwater is nearly zero | A. True, B. False, | A |
330 | The microorganisms from lakes and rivers can grow at a salt concentration of _________ | A. 2.5 To 4 Percent, B. 5 Percent, C. Below 1 Percent, D. Above 1 Percent, | C |
331 | Which of the following compounds are required for the growth of saprophytic bacteria and fungi? | A. Organic Compounds, B. Nitrates, C. Phosphates, D. Mercury, | A |
332 | The biological activity of an aquatic ecosystem is dependent upon which of the following factors? | A. Number Of Primary Producers, B. Amount Of Chemical Energy Produced, C. Rate Of Primary Production, D. Number Of Deaths Of Organisms, | C |
333 | Which among the following are referred to as the “pasture of the sea”? | A. Fishes, B. Algae, C. Nematodes, D. Phytoplankton, | D |
334 | Which of the following product is not obtained from dissimilation of organic matter under aerobic conditions? | A. Ammonium, B. Sulphate, C. Methane, D. Phosphate, | C |
335 | Which of the following organism have siliceous skeletons? | A. Foraminifera, B. Coccolithophores, C. Radiolaria, D. Cyanobacteria, | C |
336 | Which microorganism is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic? | A. Influenza Virus, B. Rhinovirus, C. Sars-Cov-2, D. Hiv | C |
337 | What type of microorganism is SARS-CoV-2? | A. Bacteria, B. Virus, C. Fungus, D. Protozoa | B |
338 | What is the primary site of SARS-CoV-2 replication in the human body? | A. Liver, B. Blood, C. Respiratory Tract, D. Kidney | C |
339 | What type of test is primarily used to detect an active SARS-CoV-2 infection? | A. Antigen Test, B. Pcr Test, C. Antibody Test, D. Blood Culture | B |
340 | Which part of SARS-CoV-2 is primarily targeted for most vaccine development? | A. Nucleocapsid, B. Spike Protein, C. Membrane Protein, D. Envelope Protein | B |
341 | Which organism is used as a model for studying SARS-CoV-2? | A. E. Coli, B. Mice, C. Fruit Flies, D. Monkeys | D |
342 | Which of the following is NOT a symptom of COVID-19? | A. High Fever, B. Diarrhea, C. Hair Loss, D. Shortness Of Breath | C |
343 | What family of viruses does SARS-CoV-2 belong to? | A. Flaviviridae, B. Paramyxoviridae, C. Coronaviridae, D. Caliciviridae | C |
344 | Which microorganism was responsible for the 2003 SARS outbreak? | A. Mers-Cov, B. Sars-Cov, C. H1N1, D. Ebola Virus | B |
345 | How is SARS-CoV-2 primarily transmitted between humans? | A. Airborne Droplets, B. Blood Transfusion, C. Mosquito Bites, D. Eating Contaminated Food | A |
346 | Which of the following organisms were initially suspected to be intermediate hosts for SARS-CoV-2? | A. Bats, B. Pigs, C. Pangolins, D. Chickens | C |
347 | What structure does SARS-CoV-2 use to enter human cells? | A. Hemagglutinin, B. Ace2 Receptor, C. Neuraminidase, D. Cd4 Receptor | B |
348 | Which of the following drugs was not extensively studied for treating COVID-19? | A. Remdesivir, B. Hydroxychloroquine, C. Penicillin, D. Dexamethasone | C |
349 | Which of the following is a potential long-term effect of a SARS-CoV-2 infection? | A. Diabetes, B. Long Covid, C. Parkinson'S Disease, D. Osteoporosis | B |
350 | The Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 was first identified in which country? | A. Brazil, B. Uk, C. South Africa, D. India | D |
351 | Why are mutations in SARS-CoV-2 of concern? | A. They Make The Virus Less Contagious., B. They Can Potentially Change Virus Transmissibility Or Vaccine Efficacy., C. They Cause The Virus To Die Out Faster., D. They Have No Effect On The Pandemic. | B |
352 | Which of the following is not a primary route of transmission for SARS-CoV-2? | A. Fomite Transmission, B. Fecal-Oral Route, C. Respiratory Droplets, D. Direct Contact | B |
353 | What does "zoonotic" mean in the context of diseases like COVID-19? | A. Spread Between Humans., B. Originating From Animals And Transmitted To Humans., C. Caused By Zoo Animals., D. Spread Through Water. | B |
354 | Which cellular machinery does SARS-CoV-2 use to replicate? | A. Ribosomes Of The Host, B. Its Own Ribosomes, C. Lysosomes Of The Host, D. Mitochondria Of The Host | A |
355 | What role does the spike protein play in the SARS-CoV-2 lifecycle? | A. Replication, B. Protein Synthesis, C. Cell Entry, D. Assembly | C |
356 | Which organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic? | A. Who, B. Cdc, C. Unicef, D. Gavi | A |
357 | What does the "19" in COVID-19 stand for? | A. It'S The 19Th Strain Of The Virus., B. It Refers To The Year 2019., C. It'S Named After The 19 Symptoms., D. It'S The 19Th Pandemic. | B |
358 | Which of the following best describes the genetic material of SARS-CoV-2? | A. Single-Stranded Rna, B. Double-Stranded Rna, C. Single-Stranded Dna, D. Double-Stranded Dna | B |
359 | Which of the following structures of SARS-CoV-2 facilitates its attachment to host cells? | A. Endoplasmic Reticulum, B. Spike (S. Protein, C. Hemagglutinin, D. Viral Rna | B |
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